JP2013099266A - Apparatus for growing plant and translucent member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for growing plants excellent in visibility and appreciation of plants under a red light predominant light source, and allowing the observation of the original color of plants, and to provide a translucent member applicable to the same.SOLUTION: The apparatus for growing plants includes a casing having a space in which the plants can be accommodated and a translucent window, and a light source irradiating light in the space. The light source emits a red light and visible lights other than the red light so that the red light becomes 50% or more by a photosynthetic photon flux density value, and a reflection film that predominantly reflects the red light inward is provided for the window.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant growing apparatus for cultivating plants by irradiating artificial light, and a translucent member usable for the plant growing apparatus.

  DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, the plant growth apparatus which irradiates artificial light and grows a plant is known. In the plant growing device, in order to promote the growth of the plant, red light is predominantly used. In such a case, the plant in the plant growing device appears reddish from outside the device. (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Thus, when a plant looks reddish unlike the original color, when the growing object is vegetables, appetite is not appreciable and appreciation is reduced. Moreover, if the original color of the plant cannot be confirmed, it will be difficult to grasp the health condition of the plant, and the breeding management will be difficult.

  Furthermore, if the red light irradiated to promote the growth of the plant leaks out of the apparatus, the irradiation efficiency of the red light to the plant is lowered, and it becomes difficult to obtain a sufficient plant growth promoting effect.

  Patent Document 1 discloses that a wavelength selective reflection film is provided on a translucent cylindrical cover in a plant growing appreciation apparatus using white LEDs and different color LEDs. However, in the prior art document 1, a blue-green LED is used as the different color LED, and the use of a red LED is not disclosed. Further, it is not disclosed how much the wavelength selective reflection film reflects blue-green light.

Utility Model Registration No. 3158290

http://ameblo.jp:80/ledsaien/entry-10989832245.html http://www.keystone-tech.co.jp/news/piccolo-A4.pdf

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and has excellent plant visibility and appreciation under a red light dominant light source, and can be used for a plant growing apparatus that can observe the original color of a plant. Providing a transparent member is the main desired task.

  That is, the plant growing apparatus according to the present invention includes a casing having a space in which a plant can be accommodated and having a light-transmitting window, and a light source that irradiates light in the space. In the growing apparatus, the light source emits red light and visible light other than red light so that the red light has a photosynthesis photon flux density value of 50% or more, and the window portion includes red light. A reflection film that preferentially reflects light inward is provided.

  If it is such, when the mixed light of red light and visible light other than red light is emitted from the light source so that the red light is dominant, the window portion is a part of the red light. By cutting the light, the light emitted from the light source to the window portion directly through the window portion and radiated to the outside of the apparatus can be made more natural light, for example, white light. In that case, when a plant grown in the plant growing apparatus according to the present invention is observed from the outside through a window provided in the casing, white light is emitted from the light source to the observer. It is possible to observe the plant that is visually recognized and grown in the plant growing apparatus with the original color of the plant. Therefore, according to the present invention, even if red light is used as light for growing a plant, the health condition of the plant can be accurately grasped and the appreciation of the plant is improved.

  In addition, according to the present invention, red light that promotes the growth of plants can be prevented from leaking out of the apparatus through the window, so that the utilization rate of red light is increased and plants are efficiently grown. be able to. For this reason, even if the number of red LEDs is reduced or the intensity of red light is reduced, plants can be efficiently grown. In addition, as a cut filter formed with such a reflective film that predominantly reflects red light, for example, a filter that reflects about 90% of red light is available. Further, the reflective film may be a coating other than the film. Further, a magic mirror or a half mirror that predominantly reflects red light may be used.

  It is preferable that the light source and the reflective film are configured such that light that is directly transmitted from the light source to the window portion, passes through the window portion, and is emitted to the outside of the apparatus is white light.

  As said light source, what comprises red LED, green LED, and blue LED which emit the red light contained in a 600-680 nm wavelength range is used, for example.

  Moreover, as said light source, you may use what comprises red LED which emits the red light contained in the wavelength range of 600-680 nm, and white LED provided with the blue LED element and yellow fluorescent substance.

  Further, the light source includes a red LED that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm, and an LED including a blue LED element and a green phosphor, and a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm. You may use what comprises red LED which emits the contained red light, and LED provided with blue LED element, yellow fluorescent substance, and green fluorescent substance.

  As said red LED, what emits the red light contained in the wavelength range of 650-670 nm in which the peak wavelength is easy to be utilized for photosynthesis is used suitably.

  Further, if necessary, a green light-transmitting film may be provided on the window portion to correct the color of light emitted from the window portion to the outside.

  In a plant growing factory that cultivates plants on a large scale using red light, by providing a window with a translucent member having the following configuration, the plant's original nature is similar to the plant growing device according to the present invention. The color can be observed. That is, the translucent member according to the present invention is a light source that emits mixed light of red light and visible light other than red light so that the red light is dominant by 50% or more, and irradiates the light toward the plant. A translucent member that partitions the provided plant growing space from other spaces, and is characterized in that a reflective film that predominantly reflects red light is provided.

  According to the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to provide a plant growing apparatus capable of observing the original color of a plant as well as the visibility and appreciation of the plant.

1 is an overall perspective view of a plant growing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the internal structure of the plant growing apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the plant growth tank in the embodiment. The top view which shows the light source in the embodiment. The figure which shows the permeation | transmission state of the light in the window part in the embodiment. The figure which shows the permeation | transmission state of the light in the window part in other embodiment. The figure which shows the permeation | transmission state of the light in the window part in other embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the external appearance of the plant growing room of the plant growing factory which concerns on other embodiment.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The plant growing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is for performing hydroponics cultivation of the plant V on a small scale, and as shown in FIGS. Casing 2, a plant growing tank 3 provided in the casing 2, and a light source 4 for irradiating light from above onto the plant V grown in the plant growing tank 3.

Each part is described in detail below.
The casing 2 has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the inner surface of each wall is configured as a substantially white reflective surface. A translucent window portion 21 is formed in the casing.

  The window part 21 is formed in the front wall of the casing 2, and is comprised from the transparent plate 211 attached to the opening part formed in the front wall of the casing 2 so that opening and closing is possible. A cut filter 212 that reflects about 90% of red light is attached to the entire surface of the transparent plate 211. Specifically, as the cut filter 212, for example, a dielectric multilayer film having a boundary where the reflectance and transmittance of light are reversed in the vicinity of 600 nm and the reflectance is increased in a wavelength range of about 600 nm or more. A material in which (for example, a sharp cut filter) is formed on a substrate is used.

  The plant growing tank 3 is configured such that a nutrient solution N containing nutrients necessary for growing the plant V flows, and is a tank having an approximately rectangular parallelepiped upper surface opened. In the plant growing tank 3, a nutrient solution storage tank 31 that stores the nutrient solution N, a pump 32 that pumps the nutrient solution N from the nutrient solution storage tank 31, and the nutrient solution N that exceeds a prescribed water level are stored in the nutrient solution storage tank 31. An overflow part 33 for returning to the plant and a plant placing part 34 (not shown) for floating the plant V on the nutrient solution N are provided.

  A large amount of nutrient solution N is stored in the nutrient solution storage tank 31, and a pump 32 and an overflow portion 33 are connected to each other. The nutrient solution storage tank 31 is used to replenish the nutrient solution N when the nutrient solution N in the plant growing tank 3 decreases due to evaporation, transpiration of the plant V, or the like.

  As the pump 32, for example, a small submersible pump used for circulating water in a water tank for appreciating aquatic organisms is used. In addition, the submersible pump is designed on the assumption that the pump action is performed in a state where the internal rotating portion and the bearing are filled with the liquid. The pump 32 has a capacity enough to pump up the nutrient solution N from the nutrient solution storage tank 31, and an inlet 321 is opened in the nutrient solution N of the nutrient solution storage tank 31. A discharge port 322 for discharging the nutrient solution N is opened.

  The overflow part 33 is configured to return the nutrient solution N that exceeds the prescribed fluid amount to the nutrient solution storage tank 31. In the present embodiment, a drainage port 331 that opens upward at a water level corresponding to a predetermined liquid amount in the plant growing tank 3 is provided, and excess nutrient solution N passes through the drainage pipe from the drainage port 331. It is configured to be able to flow to the nutrient solution storage tank 31.

  The plant mounting part 34 (not shown) is a plate-like body provided with a locking part for hanging on the inner surface of the side plate of the plant growing tank 3, and the plate-like body is provided with a through hole, The root of the plant V can be immersed in the nutrient solution N through the through hole.

  The nutrient solution N is moved from the nutrient solution storage tank 31 to the plant growing tank 3 by the pump 32, and the surplus nutrient solution N is returned to the nutrient solution storage tank 31 by the overflow part 33 of the plant growing tank 3. 3 and the nutrient solution storage tank 31.

  The light source 4 has a large number of LEDs 42 laid on the wiring board 41, and is installed so that light emitted from the LEDs 42 travels toward the plant V. As the LED 42, a red LED 42 </ b> R that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm, a green LED 42 </ b> G, and a blue LED 42 </ b> B are used. ) Are adjusted and controlled so that red LED 42R: green LED 42G: blue LED 42B = 10: 1: 1. The PPFD ratio can be adjusted by adjusting the number of LEDs 42 of each color. For example, when the intensity of light emitted from each LED 42 is equal, the PPFD ratio is laid on the wiring board 41 as shown in FIG. The ratio of the number of each color LED 42 may be red LED 42R: green LED 42G: blue LED 42B = 10: 1: 1. The PPFD ratio can also be adjusted by controlling the value of the current flowing through each color LED 42 to change the light emission ratio and the light emission amount.

  In such a case, as shown in FIG. 5, the ratio of PPFD of each color emitted from the light source is set to be red light: green light: blue light = 10: 1: 1. Since about 90% of the red light is reflected by the cut filter 212 provided in the window portion 21, the light emitted directly from the light source 4 to the window portion 21 and emitted from the window portion 21 to the outside of the device is red light, green color. Light and blue light become white light mixed with a PPFD ratio of approximately red light: green light: blue light = 1: 1: 1. For this reason, when the plant V grown in the plant growing apparatus 1 is observed through the window portion 21, the observer recognizes that white light is emitted from the light source 4, and the plant growing apparatus. Plant V grown in 1 can be observed with the original color of the plant. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even if red light is used as the light for growing the plant V, the health state of the plant V can be accurately grasped and the appreciation of the plant V is improved.

  Moreover, since it can prevent the red light which accelerates | stimulates the growth of the plant V from leaking out of the apparatus through the window part 21, the utilization factor of a red light can go up and the plant V can be grown efficiently. . For this reason, even if the installation number of red LED42R is restrained or the intensity | strength of red light is reduced, the plant V can be raised efficiently.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, as the LED 42 provided in the light source 4, a white LED including a red LED 42 </ b> R that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm, a blue LED element, and a yellow phosphor such as YAG; , And the ratio of the intensity of light emitted from each color LED 42 may be adjusted and controlled so that the red LED 42R: white LED = 5: 1.

  In such a case, the white light emitted from the white LED including the blue LED element and the yellow phosphor is a mixed light of blue light and yellow light, and is a slightly bluish cold-colored white. On the other hand, about 10% of the red light leaks out of the apparatus through the window 21 without being reflected by the cut filter 212, so that the light source 4 directly faces the window 21 and goes out of the apparatus from the window 21. The emitted light becomes a warm white light with a reddish color, which is a mixture of cold white light and red light.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, if a green light-transmitting film 213 is further attached to the transparent plate 211, it is possible to color-correct reddish warm white light to more natural white light. Become.

  Further, even when a red LED 42R that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm, a green LED 42G, and a blue LED 42B is used as the LED 42, the PPFD ratio emitted from each color LED 42 is a red LED 42R: It is not limited to green LED 42G: blue LED 42B = 10: 1: 1, and may be determined as appropriate so as to obtain a PPFD ratio suitable for the growth of the plant V to be grown.

  In this case, the rate at which the cut filter 212 applied to the window portion 21 reflects red light is not limited to 90%, and the remaining red light transmitted through the window portion 21 is mixed with visible light other than red light. What is necessary is just to set the reflection ratio (transmission ratio) of red light suitably so that light may be visually recognized as white light.

  Furthermore, the reflecting film used in the present invention may reflect not only red light but also blue light and green light to some extent as long as it reflects red light predominantly.

  Moreover, as LED42 provided in the light source 4, you may use combining red LED42R which emits the red light contained in the wavelength range of 600-680 nm, LED provided with the blue LED element and the green fluorescent substance, Furthermore, A red LED 42R that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm and an LED including a blue LED element, a yellow phosphor, and a green phosphor may be used in combination. Even when the light source 4 is configured in this way, white light is emitted from the window portion 21 of the plant growing device 1, so that the plant V grown in the plant growing device 1 has the original color of the plant. Can be observed.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the cut filter 212 which reflects red light was provided in the window part 21 of the plant growing apparatus 1, the same cut filter which reflects red light in the window 11 of the plant growing room 10 of a plant growing factory. By providing 212, even in a large-scale plant growing factory using red light as plant growing light, it becomes possible for a visitor or an operator to observe the original color of the plant.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be configured by appropriately combining some or all of the various configurations described above without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plant growing apparatus 2 ... Casing 21 ... Window part 212 ... Cut filter 4 ... Light source 42 ... LED

Claims (9)

A plant growing apparatus comprising a casing in which a plant can be housed and a light-transmitting window formed, and a light source for irradiating light in the space,
The light source emits red light and visible light other than red light so that the red light has a photosynthetic photon flux density value of 50% or more,
The plant growing device, wherein the window is provided with a reflection film that reflects red light inwardly.   2. The plant growing device according to claim 1, wherein the light source and the reflective film are configured so that light emitted from the light source directly to the window portion and transmitted through the window portion to the outside of the device becomes white light. .   The plant growing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light source includes a red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED that emit red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm.   The plant growth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light source includes a red LED that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm, and a white LED including a blue LED element and a yellow phosphor. apparatus.   3. The plant growing device according to claim 1, wherein the light source includes a red LED that emits red light included in a wavelength region of 600 to 680 nm, and an LED including a blue LED element and a green phosphor. .   The said light source comprises red LED which emits the red light contained in the wavelength range of 600-680 nm, and LED provided with blue LED element, yellow fluorescent substance, and green fluorescent substance. Plant growing equipment.   The plant growing device according to claim 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein the window portion is provided with a green translucent film.   The plant growing device according to claim 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, wherein the red LED emits red light whose peak wavelength is included in a wavelength region of 650 to 670 nm. A plant growing space provided with a light source that emits mixed light of red light and visible light other than red light so that the red light is dominant by 50% or more and irradiates the light toward the plant, and other spaces A translucent member that partitions
A translucent member comprising a reflective film that predominantly reflects red light.