JP2013031889A - Angular grinding method and angular grinding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an angular grinding technology in angular grinding which enables a workpiece to be ground to a predetermined finished dimension without modifying a basic configuration for dressing-processing and without modifying the mechanical structure even if a grinding wheel spindle extends and retracts due to thermal displacement etc.SOLUTION: An angular grinding method employed for grinding an inner diameter surface Wb and end surfaces Wa and Wc of the workpiece W simultaneously includes steps for: carrying out dressing-processing on an inner diameter grinding part 10b and end surface grinding parts 10a and 10c of a grinding wheel 10 while a grinding wheel dresser 20 relatively traverses along a predetermined standard grinding wheel surface contour; and correcting the grinding depth to the workpiece W to be ground by the grinding wheel 10 based on a difference of dress amounts detected between the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end surface grinding parts 10a and 10c of the grinding wheel 10 when carrying out the dressing-processing to thereby grind the inner diameter surface Wb and the end surfaces Wa and Wc of the workpiece W to the predetermined finished dimension.

Description

  The present invention relates to an angular grinding method and an angular grinding apparatus, and more specifically, in angular grinding in which an inner diameter surface and an end surface of a workpiece are ground at the same time, even when a grinding wheel shaft expands or contracts due to thermal displacement or the like, The present invention relates to a grinding wheel correction / grinding technique for grinding an object to a predetermined finishing dimension.

  In so-called angular grinding in which an inner surface and an end surface of a workpiece (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece) are ground simultaneously, an outer diameter grinding wheel surface having a profile corresponding to the surface to be ground of the workpiece, that is, an inner diameter grinding portion for grinding the inner surface ( An angular type grinding wheel having a grinding surface (grinding wheel surface) and an end surface grinding part (grinding wheel surface) that grinds the end surface is used. By rotating the grinding wheel at a high speed and cutting and feeding it to the ground surface of the work, And grind the end face at the same time.

  Further, the grinding wheel is subjected to dressing processing at predetermined intervals or as appropriate, and the grinding wheel surfaces (inner diameter grinding part and end face grinding part) of the profile corresponding to the finished dimensions of the workpiece are always corrected and maintained. In this dressing process, the grinding wheel dresser is relatively traversed along the grinding wheel surface contours of the inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part of the grinding wheel, and the grinding part is dressed a predetermined number of times with a constant cutting amount. It is carried out by applying.

  By the way, the grindstone shaft that supports and rotates the grinding wheel has a property of expanding and contracting due to the influence of temperature, and the amount of expansion and contraction directly affects the dressing amount in the dressing process and the grinding processing accuracy.

  Especially in angular type grinding wheels, for example, when the grinding wheel shaft temperature rises due to the heat generated during the start-up of the grinding device or during grinding, the positional relationship between the grinding wheel dresser and the grinding wheel changes. Thus, the dress amount of the end grinding portion of the grinding wheel increases, while the dress amount of the inner diameter grinding portion decreases.

  That is, when the grinding wheel shaft extends, even if the end grinding portion of the grinding wheel contacts the grinding wheel dresser, the inner diameter grinding portion of the grinding wheel does not contact the grinding wheel dresser. As a result, the grinding of the end grinding portion of the grinding wheel On the other hand, the dress amount increases, while the dress amount of the inner diameter grinding portion decreases. The workpiece ground by the grinding wheel has a larger width dimension (axial dimension) and a smaller inner diameter dimension with respect to a predetermined finished dimension. When the grinding wheel shaft shrinks, the finished dimensions of the ground workpiece are completely reversed.

  As described above, due to the expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft, the finished dimension of the workpiece after dressing is changed before and after the dressing.

  Further, in relation to a transport device that carries a workpiece into and out of the grinding device, on the carry-in side of the transport device, a state in which no workpiece is carried into the processing unit of the grinding device due to a trouble in a previous process (no work state) Grinding performed continuously as a result of waiting for the grinding process itself when the work transported to the subsequent process is delayed on the unloading side and the work cannot be discharged from the processing part of the grinding device (full work state) In this case, a blank state occurs, and the occurrence of NG work due to the shrinkage of the grindstone shaft due to this is also a problem.

  These problems can be solved by correcting the trajectory of the grindstone dresser (the trajectory that moves relatively along the contour of the grindstone surface) by a calculation formula or the like if the amount of expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft is known. For this purpose, changing the mechanical structure by attaching a measuring device for the grinding wheel shaft extension to the machine will cause new problems such as an increase in equipment costs and the need to secure a mounting location. Therefore, a drastic solution to these problems has been demanded.

  Various techniques have been developed and proposed for solving these problems by improving the dressing process itself for correcting the grinding wheel (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-114731 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-348869 JP 60-029276

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is when the grinding wheel shaft expands or contracts due to thermal displacement or the like in angular grinding in which the inner diameter surface and the end surface of the workpiece are ground simultaneously. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide an angular grinding method capable of grinding a workpiece to a predetermined finished dimension without modifying the basic structure of dressing processing and without modifying the mechanical structure.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an angular grinding apparatus capable of effectively carrying out the angular grinding method.

  In order to achieve the above object, the angular grinding method of the present invention comprises grinding a grinding wheel having an inner diameter grinding portion for grinding the inner diameter surface of the workpiece and an end surface grinding portion for grinding the end surface, and simultaneously grinding the inner diameter surface and the end surface of the workpiece. In this angular grinding method, the inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part of the grinding wheel are dressed while the traverse movement of the grinding wheel dresser is relatively moved along a predetermined reference grinding wheel surface contour, and are detected at the time of the dressing process. Based on the difference in dress amount between the inner diameter grinding part and the end surface grinding part of the grinding wheel, the inner grinding surface and the end face of the workpiece are ground to a predetermined finishing dimension by correcting the cutting amount of the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece. It is characterized by doing so.

The following configuration is adopted as a preferred embodiment.
(1) The dressing of the grinding wheel inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part by the grinding wheel dresser is performed with the reference contour of these grinding parts with a constant cutting amount with respect to the grinding grinding wheel inner grinding part and grinding wheel grinding part. The dressing step performed while traversing the corresponding trajectory along the reference grinding wheel surface contour relatively repeatedly is repeated a predetermined number of times. And the amount of dressing between the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part based on the number of non-contact states detected by either the grinding wheel dresser or the grinding part. Detect the difference.

(2) The contact detection means for detecting presence / absence of contact between the grinding wheel dresser and the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part of the grinding wheel is an AE sensor provided on the grinding wheel dresser side.

(3) The contact detection means for detecting the presence / absence of contact between the grinding wheel dresser and the inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part of the grinding wheel is an AE sensor provided on the grinding wheel side.

(4) The correction of the cutting amount with respect to the workpiece of the grinding wheel is calculated by calculating the expansion / contraction amount of the grinding wheel shaft of the grinding wheel from the difference in dressing amount between the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part. Accordingly, the cutting amount of the grinding wheel is corrected.

(5) When the inclination angle of the grinding wheel shaft of the grinding wheel with respect to the rotation axis of the workpiece is θ, and the difference in dressing amount between the inner diameter grinding portion and the end surface grinding portion is K, the expansion / contraction amount Z of the grinding wheel shaft is expressed by the following equation: Is required.
Z = K / (tan θ + tan (90 ° −θ))

  The angular grinding apparatus of the present invention is an angular grinding apparatus for simultaneously grinding an inner diameter surface and an end surface of a workpiece, and has an inner diameter grinding portion for grinding the inner diameter surface of the workpiece and an end surface grinding portion for grinding the end surface, and is rotationally driven. Grinding wheel, grinding wheel cutting drive unit for cutting and feeding the grinding wheel to the workpiece, grinding wheel dresser for dressing the inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part of the grinding wheel, and dresser driving for driving the grinding wheel dresser. A dress amount difference measuring unit for detecting and measuring a difference in dress amount between the inner diameter grinding portion and the end surface grinding portion of the grinding wheel in the dressing process of the grinding wheel dresser by the dresser driving unit, and a dress amount difference measuring unit And a grindstone cutting control unit that drives and controls the grindstone cutting driving unit based on the measurement result.

The following configuration is adopted as a preferred embodiment.
(1) The grindstone cutting control unit is configured to drive and control the cutting feed driving unit so as to execute the grinding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

(2) The grindstone dresser is in the form of a rotary dresser provided with a rotary dressing tool that is rotationally driven as a dressing tool.

  According to the present invention, in the angular grinding in which the inner diameter surface and the end surface of the workpiece are simultaneously ground using the grinding wheel having the inner diameter grinding portion for grinding the inner diameter surface of the workpiece and the end surface grinding portion for grinding the end surface, The inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part are dressed while the traverse movement of the grinding wheel dresser is relatively traversed along a predetermined reference grindstone surface contour, and the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part of the grinding wheel detected during the dressing process Based on the difference between the dressing amount and the grinding wheel, the amount of cutting with respect to the workpiece of the grinding wheel is corrected to grind the inner diameter surface and end surface of the workpiece to a predetermined finish dimension. Even if it expands or contracts, the workpiece can be processed in a specified manner without changing the basic structure (basic operation) of the dressing process and without changing the mechanical structure. It can be ground to gully dimensions.

  In addition, in connection with the transfer device that loads and unloads workpieces to and from the grinding device, the grinding process itself waits depending on the no-work state or full-work state on the carry-in side of the transfer device, and there is no space for continuous grinding operations. Even if the state occurs, it is possible to effectively prevent the NG work from being generated and discharged due to the expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft.

  Furthermore, even if the positional relationship between the grindstone dresser and the grinding wheel changes due to expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft at the time of start-up after machine stoppage due to equipment trouble or the like, it is possible to effectively prevent generation and discharge of NG workpieces.

It is a front view showing the outline of the whole composition of the angular grinding device concerning one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a partial cross section front view which expands and shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the angular grinding wheel and a workpiece | work in the angular grinding apparatus. It is a front view which expands and shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the angular grinding wheel and the grindstone dresser in the same angular grinding apparatus. It is a front schematic diagram which shows the state of the position change by the expansion-contraction of the grindstone axis | shaft of the angular grinding wheel. It is a block block diagram which shows the structure of the cutting control part of the angular grinding apparatus. It is front sectional drawing which expands and shows the workpiece | work which is the grinding object of the angular grinding apparatus.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numeral indicates the same component or element.

  An angular grinding apparatus according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, and specifically, an end surface Wa, an inner diameter surface Wb and a rear end surface Wc of a workpiece W as shown in FIG. 6 are ground simultaneously. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this grinding apparatus includes a workpiece support device 1, a grinding wheel device 2, a grinding wheel dressing device 3, and a device control unit 4 as main parts, and the workpiece W has its axis (Z axis). It is in the form of a vertical grinder that is vertically supported by rotation.

  The work support device 1 is for rotating and supporting the work W, and is disposed on the device bed 5. A workpiece spindle 6 is rotatably supported by the workpiece support device 1, and the workpiece spindle 6 is arranged such that its axis (Z axis) is vertical, and the base end (lower end) of the spindle 6. Is connected to a rotational drive source (not shown), and a chuck device 7 is provided at its tip (upper end) for chucking and supporting the workpiece W in a removable manner. As the chuck device 7, for example, a magnetic chuck or a collet chuck is preferably used in addition to a power chuck using hydraulic pressure or a cam.

  The grinding wheel device 2 is disposed on a column 6 provided in a vertical upright state on a horizontal device bed 5 so as to face a workpiece W that is rotatably supported by the workpiece support device 1.

  A grinding wheel 10 which is a main part of the grinding wheel device 2 is in the form of an angular grinding wheel having an inner diameter grinding part for grinding an inner diameter surface of a workpiece W to be ground and an end surface grinding part for grinding an end surface. As shown in FIG. 2, the grinding wheel 10 of the form includes an end surface grinding portion 10a for grinding the end surface Wa of the workpiece W, an inner diameter grinding portion 10b for grinding the inner diameter surface Wb, and a rear end surface grinding portion 10c for grinding the inner end surface Wc. Provided as a continuous outer diameter grinding wheel surface.

  In this angular grinding wheel 10, in order to grind the end surface Wa, the inner diameter surface Wb and the back end surface Wc of the workpiece W at the same time, its axis, that is, the rotation axis (X axis) of the grinding wheel shaft 11 is the vertical axis (Z axis) of the workpiece W. Are inclined with a predetermined inclination angle θ (θ = 30 degrees in the illustrated embodiment).

  The grinding wheel 10 is movable in two orthogonal directions, that is, in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in FIG. Specifically, the grinding wheel 10 is detachably attached and fixed to the tip of the grinding wheel shaft 11, and the grinding wheel shaft 11 is rotatably supported on the grinding wheel chassis 12 and driven by a drive motor (not shown) or the like. Linked to the source.

  The grinding wheel carriage 12 is mounted on the movable table 14 so as to be movable in the direction of the rotation axis (X axis) of the grinding wheel shaft 11. That is, the base slide 12a of the grinding wheel carriage 12 can be moved in the X-axis direction along the slide rail 14a of the movable table 14, and is connected to the moving means 15 as the X-axis direction cutting drive unit.

  The movable table 14 is mounted so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the rotation axis (X-axis) of the grindstone shaft 11. That is, the base slide 14b of the movable base 14 can be moved in the Y-axis direction along the slide rail 16 provided in the column 6, and as a Y-axis direction cutting drive portion disposed on the column 6. The moving means 17 is connected. Specifically, the moving means 17 includes a servo motor 17a and a ball screw 17b, and the servo motor 17a is electrically connected to the grindstone cutting control unit 18, and corresponds to the shape and size of the workpiece W. Perform the cutting operation.

  Although not specifically shown, the moving means 15 serving as the X-axis direction cutting drive unit has the same configuration as the moving means 17 and, as will be described later, the both moving means 15 and 17 allow the grinding wheel to move. A grindstone cutting drive unit 19 (see FIG. 5) for cutting and feeding the vehicle 10 to the workpiece W is configured.

  Further, the grindstone cutting drive unit 19 also functions as the diamond cutting drive unit 27 of the grindstone dressing device 3 as described later.

  Then, the grinding wheel 10 is cut and fed by the grinding wheel cutting drive unit 19 (15, 17) while being driven to rotate at high speed at a predetermined speed in accordance with a grinding program programmed in the grinding wheel cutting control unit 18, and the workpiece W The end surface Wa, the inner diameter surface Wb and the back end surface Wc are ground simultaneously (see FIG. 2).

  As described above, the grinding wheel cutting control unit 18 controls the cutting operation of the grinding wheel 10 corresponding to the shape and dimension of the workpiece W, and constitutes a part of the device control unit 4. As will be described later, the grindstone cutting control unit 18 cooperates with the dress control unit 30 of the dressing device 3 to provide an outer diameter grindstone surface of the grinding wheel 10 by the expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft 11 (in the illustrated embodiment, an end surface). In order to remove the influence on the grinding part 10a, the inner diameter grinding part 10b, and the back end face grinding part 10c), the drive of the grinding wheel cutting drive part 19 (15, 17) is corrected and controlled.

  The grindstone dressing device 3 performs dressing (sharpening / shaping) on the outer diameter grindstone surface of the grinding wheel 10 so as to correspond to the shape dimensions of the end surface Wa, the inner diameter surface Wb, and the back end surface Wc, which are objects to be ground. Specifically, the grindstone dresser 20 for dressing the inner diameter grinding portion and the end surface grinding portion (in the illustrated embodiment, the end surface grinding portion 10a, the inner diameter grinding portion 10b, and the rear end face grinding portion 10c) of the grinding wheel 10 is provided. 1 as a main part, and is provided on the column 6 in the vicinity of the side part of the grinding wheel apparatus 2 as shown in FIG.

  Specifically, the grindstone dressing device 3 includes the grindstone dresser 20 and a dresser driving unit 25 that performs dressing driving of the grindstone dresser 20 as main parts.

  Specifically, the grindstone dresser 20 is in the form of a rotary dresser having a rotary dressing tool that is rotationally driven as the dressing tool 21.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary dressing tool 21 of the illustrated embodiment corresponds to the outer diameter grinding wheel surface (the end grinding part 10 a, the inner grinding part 10 b, the back end grinding part 10 c) of the grinding wheel 10, The outer peripheral dressing portion 21a is in the form of a rotary diamond composed of superabrasive grains such as diamond and CBN formed by bonding with a bonding material. In addition, as an abrasive grain which comprises the outer periphery dressing part 21a of the said rotary dressing tool 21, when the grindstone layer of the grinding wheel 10 which is dressing object is a general grindstone layer, a general abrasive grain may be used.

  The rotary diamond 21 has a conventionally known general basic structure, and is rotationally driven at a predetermined rotational speed by a dresser driving unit 25 and is also cut-feeded while traversing relative to the grinding wheel 10. It is supposed to be configured.

  Specifically, the rotary diamond 21 is detachably attached and fixed to the dressing shaft 22, and the dressing shaft 22 is rotatably supported by the dressing base 23, and the transmission pulley 24a, the power transmission belt 24b, and the transmission pulley. It is drivingly connected to the diamond rotating part 26 of the dresser driving part 25 through a power transmission mechanism 24 comprising 24c. The diamond rotating unit 26 is a rotary diamond drive motor, and is electrically connected to the dress control unit 30 (see FIG. 5) of the apparatus control unit 4.

  Further, the rotary diamond 21 is made relative to the outer diameter grinding wheel surface (the end grinding unit 10a, the inner grinding unit 10b, and the rear end grinding unit 10c) of the grinding wheel 10 by the diamond cutting driving unit 27 of the dresser driving unit 25. In addition, it is possible to relatively move (traverse) in a parallel direction along the outer diameter grinding wheel surfaces 10a, 10b, and 10c.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the grindstone dressing device 3 is fixedly provided at a fixed position of the column 6, and as described above, the diamond cutting drive unit 27 includes the grindstone cutting drive unit 19 of the grinding wheel device 2. Is configured to serve both functions.

  That is, the rotary diamond 21 of the dressing device 3 is driven and controlled to recover and maintain the profile of the outer diameter grinding wheel surfaces 10a, 10b, and 10c of the grinding wheel 10 according to the dress program programmed in the dress control unit 30. .

  Specifically, the grinding wheel cutting drive unit 19 (15, 17) of the grinding wheel device 2 as the diamond cutting drive unit 27 moves the grinding wheel 10 to a fixed position according to the dress program programmed in the dress control unit 30. The rotary diamond 21 that is rotationally driven is moved in a traverse direction (combinedly moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) along a predetermined movement trajectory, whereby the outer diameter grinding wheel surface 10a of the grinding wheel. The contour shapes of 10b and 10c are corrected by the rotary diamond 21, and the predetermined profile is restored and maintained.

  Next, drive control for removing the influence on the outer diameter grinding wheel surfaces 10a, 10b, and 10c of the grinding wheel 10 due to the expansion and contraction of the grinding wheel shaft 11 by the cooperation of the grinding wheel device 2 and the grinding wheel dressing device 3 will be described.

  This control system has a control configuration as shown in FIG. 5, and specifically, in addition to the basic control configuration of the grinding wheel cutting control unit 18 and the dress control unit 30, the dress amount difference measuring unit 35 and the grinding wheel. A cutting amount correction unit 36 is provided.

  The dress amount difference measurement unit 35 detects and measures the difference in dress amount between the inner diameter grinding unit 10b and the end surface grinding units 10a and 10c of the grinding wheel 10 in the dressing process of the grinding wheel dresser 20 by the dresser driving unit 25. Specifically, a detection signal from the contact detection unit (contact contact detection means) 37, that is, a detection signal of presence / absence of contact between the grinding wheel dresser 20 and the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end face grinding parts 10a and 10c of the grinding wheel 10 is detected. Based on this, the difference in the dress amount is calculated and measured.

  In this embodiment, an AE (Acoustic Emission) sensor provided on the grindstone dresser side is used as the contact detection means 37 for detecting the presence or absence of this contact. Specifically, the AE sensor 37 is attached to the end of the dress shaft 22.

  The grindstone cutting amount correction unit 36 calculates a correction amount of the grindstone cutting amount (cutting amount in the X-axis direction and cutting amount in the Y-axis direction) based on the measurement result of the dress amount difference measurement unit 35.

  Hereinafter, specific cutting control of the grinding wheel 10 using this correction amount will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the dressing processing of the grinding wheel 10 by the grinding wheel dressing device 3 itself is the basic dressing operation (the dressing tool of the grinding wheel dresser 20) when the grinding wheel shaft 11 is not expanded or contracted regardless of whether the grinding wheel shaft 11 is expanded or contracted. 21 is an operation for performing dressing while relatively traversing along a predetermined reference grindstone surface contour (reference trajectory), and the inner diameter grinding portion 10b and end face of the grinding wheel 10 detected during dressing by this basic dressing operation By correcting the cutting amount of the grinding wheel 10 with respect to the workpiece W based on the difference in dressing amount from the grinding portions 10a and 10c, the inner diameter surface Wb and the end surfaces Wa and Wc of the workpiece W are made to be exact dimensions (predetermined finishing dimensions). It is configured to be ground.

  That is, the relationship between the grinding wheel 10 and the traverse movement trajectory of the dressing tool 21 of the grinding wheel dresser 20 when the grinding wheel shaft 11 expands and contracts will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 4, the grinding wheel surface contour when the grinding wheel shaft 11 is not expanded or contracted (normal time) is shown by a solid line, the grinding wheel surface contour when the grinding wheel shaft 11 is extended is shown by a one-dot chain line, and the grinding wheel shaft The contour of the grindstone surface when 11 is shrunk is indicated by a two-dot chain line, and when the grindstone shaft 11 is extended, the direction in which the end surface grinding portions 10a and 10c approach the dressing tool 21 as compared to the normal direction (forward direction) ), The inner diameter grinding part 10b moves in a direction away from the dressing tool 21 (rearward direction), and conversely, when the grindstone shaft 11 contracts, the end face grinding parts 10a, 10c become the dressing tool 21. The inner grinding part 10b moves in a direction (forward direction) in which the inner diameter grinding part 10b approaches the dressing tool 21.

  The basic dressing operation is an operation in which the dressing tool 21 of the grindstone dresser 20 performs dressing while relatively traversing along the grindstone surface contour (predetermined reference grindstone surface contour (reference trajectory)) indicated by the solid line in FIG. The dress control unit 30 is programmed with a dress program for performing this basic dressing operation.

  In other words, the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end face grinding parts 10a and 10c of the grinding wheel 10 by the rotary diamond 21 of the grinding wheel dresser 20 are dressed by the basic dressing operation of the grinding wheel 10, and the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end face grinding part 10a of the grinding wheel 10 are used. A dressing step is performed in which a trajectory (reference trajectory) along the reference grindstone surface contour corresponding to the reference contour of the grinding portions 10a to 10c is relatively traversed with a constant cutting amount d with respect to 10c. Repeated a number of times.

  Therefore, when the workpiece W is ground by the grinding wheel 10 dressed by the dressing tool 21 that performs the basic dressing operation, the workpiece W is the exact size (predetermined) even if the grinding wheel shaft 11 is expanded and contracted to grind the predetermined grinding allowance. (Finished dimensions) will not be ground.

  For example, when the grindstone shaft 11 extends, referring to FIG. 4, the dressing tool 21 of the grindstone dresser 20 contacts the end surface grinding portions 10 a and 10 c of the grinding wheel 10 at the initial stage of the dressing process, and the inner diameter grinding portion 10 b includes There will be no contact. That is, the AE sensor 37 can detect contact with the end surface grinding portions 10a and 10c of the grinding wheel 10, but cannot detect contact with the inner diameter grinding portion 10b. Become.

  Therefore, the dress amount difference measuring unit 35 determines from the detection result of the AE sensor 37 in each step of this series of dressing steps, the rotary diamond 21 of the grinding wheel dresser 20, the inner diameter grinding unit 10b and the end surface grinding unit of the grinding wheel 10. The presence / absence of contact with each of 10a and 10c is detected, and based on the number of non-contact states detected by the rotary diamond 21 and any one of the grinding parts 10a, 10b and 10c (the AE sensor 37 is swung. The count (amount) n is counted), and the difference (d × n) in the dress amount between the inner diameter grinding portion 10b and the end face grinding portions 10 and 11c is calculated and detected.

  Subsequently, the grinding wheel cutting amount correction unit 36 determines the grinding wheel 10 from the calculation result of the dress amount difference measurement unit 35 (the difference in dress amount (d × n) between the inner diameter grinding unit 10b and the end surface grinding units 10 and 11c). The expansion / contraction amount Z of the grindstone shaft 11 is calculated, and this expansion / contraction amount Z is sent as a control signal to the grindstone cutting control unit 18, and the grindstone cutting control unit 18 drives the grindstone cutting according to the expansion / contraction amount Z of the grindstone shaft 11. The unit 19 (X-axis direction cutting drive unit 15 and Y-axis direction cutting drive unit 17) is drive-controlled, and thereby the cutting amount of the grinding wheel 10 is corrected.

The expansion / contraction amount Z of the grindstone shaft 11 is obtained by the following equation.
Z = K / (tan θ + tan (90 ° −θ))
here,
θ: Inclination angle K of the grinding wheel shaft 11 of the grinding wheel 10 with respect to the rotation axis Z of the workpiece W: Difference in dress amount (d × n) between the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end grinding parts 10a, 10c of the grinding wheel 10

  In the illustrated embodiment, θ = 30 °, and therefore, Z = K / (tan 30 ° + tan 60 °).

  On the contrary, when the grindstone shaft 11 is contracted, the rotary diamond 21 of the grindstone dresser 20 comes into contact with the inner diameter grinding portion 10b of the grinding wheel 10 and does not come into contact with the end face grinding portions 10a and 10c. Also in this case, similarly, the number of times (amount) of the end surface grinding portion that has been swung is counted, and the cutting amount of the grinding wheel 10 is corrected according to the number of times (amount), and the workpiece W is ground to the exact size.

  The device control unit 4 automatically controls the operation of each drive unit of the workpiece support device 1, the grinding wheel device 2, and the grinding wheel dressing device 3 described above. Specifically, the CPU, ROM, RAM And a CNC device composed of a microcomputer comprising an I / O port and the like. In the control device 4, a control program for executing the above-described angular grinding process (grinding method) is selectively input and set as numerical control data in advance or with a keyboard of an operation panel (not shown).

  Thus, in the angular grinding device configured as described above, the workpiece W supported by the workpiece support device 1 is angularly ground by the grinding wheel 10 of the grinding wheel device 2 and has a predetermined interval. Alternatively, dressing (shaping / shaping) is performed on the outer diameter grinding wheel surface (10a, 10b, 10c) of the grinding wheel 10 by the grinding wheel dressing device 3 as appropriate.

  In this case, the dressing process of the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end face grinding parts 10a, 10c of the grinding wheel 10 by the grinding wheel dressing device 3 is performed by the grinding wheel dresser 20 with respect to the grinding wheel 10 regardless of whether the grinding wheel shaft 11 is expanded or contracted. The dressing is performed while relatively traversing along the reference grinding wheel contour, and the difference in dress amount K between the inner diameter grinding part 10b and the end grinding parts 10a, 10c of the grinding wheel 10 detected during the dressing process K On the basis of the above, the cutting amount of the grinding wheel 10 with respect to the workpiece W is corrected, so that the inner diameter surface Wb and the end surfaces Wa and Wb of the workpiece W are ground to predetermined finishing dimensions.

  Therefore, even when the grindstone shaft 11 expands and contracts due to thermal displacement or the like, the workpiece W is ground to a predetermined finished dimension without changing the basic configuration (basic operation) of the dressing process and without changing the mechanical structure. can do.

  In addition, in connection with a transfer device (not shown) for loading and unloading the workpiece W with respect to the grinding device, the grinding device itself waits continuously in a no-work state or a full-work state on the carry-in side of the transfer device. Even if a blank state occurs in the grinding process performed in this manner, generation and discharge of NG work due to the expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft 11 due to this can be effectively prevented.

  Furthermore, even if the positional relationship between the grindstone dresser 20 and the grinding wheel 10 changes due to expansion and contraction of the grindstone shaft 11 at the time of start-up after machine stoppage due to equipment trouble or the like, it is possible to effectively prevent generation and discharge of NG work. it can.

  The above-described embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this, and various design changes can be made within the scope.

  For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the AE sensor is provided on the grinding wheel dresser 20 side. However, the AE sensor may be provided on the grinding wheel 10 side. The contact of the grinding wheel 10 can also be detected, and the time before the grinding wheel 10 and the workpiece W are contacted can be shortened to shorten the grinding process cycle time.

  Further, the contact detection unit 37 between the grinding wheel dresser 20 and the grinding wheel 10 does not use a special sensor such as an AE sensor as in the illustrated embodiment, and the load current of the driving motor of the grinding wheel shaft 11 and the grinding wheel dresser 20 is not limited. It is also possible to substitute with electricity.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the shape configuration of the workpiece W and the shape configuration of the outer diameter grinding wheel surface of the grinding wheel 10 corresponding thereto as in the illustrated embodiment, and can be applied to various angular grindings. .

  Furthermore, although illustrated embodiment demonstrated the vertical grinding | polishing apparatus, this invention is applicable also to a horizontal grinding | polishing apparatus.

W Work Wa Work end surface Wb Work inner diameter surface Wc Work back end face θ Grinding wheel inclination angle 1 Work support device 2 Grinding wheel device 3 Grinding wheel dressing device 4 Device control unit 10 Grinding wheel 10a Grinding wheel end surface grinding unit 10b Grinding wheel Wheel inner surface grinding part 10c Grinding wheel rear end face grinding part 11 Grinding wheel shaft 15 Moving means (X-axis direction cutting drive part)
17 Moving means (Y-axis direction cutting drive)
18 Grinding wheel cutting control unit 19 Grinding wheel cutting drive unit 20 Grinding wheel dresser 21 Rotary diamond (dressing tool)
22 Dress shaft 25 Dresser drive unit 26 Rotary diamond drive motor (Diagram rotation unit of dresser drive unit)
27 Diamond cutting drive unit 30 Dress control unit 35 Dress amount difference measurement unit 36 Grinding wheel cutting amount correction unit 37 AE sensor (contact detection unit)

Claims (9)

An angular grinding method for simultaneously grinding an inner diameter surface and an end surface of a workpiece using a grinding wheel having an inner diameter grinding portion for grinding an inner diameter surface of a workpiece and an end surface grinding portion for grinding an end surface,
The grinding wheel inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part are dressed while the traverse movement of the grinding wheel dresser is relatively traversed along a predetermined reference grinding wheel surface contour, and the grinding wheel inner diameter grinding part detected during the dressing process. And grinding the inner diameter surface and the end surface of the workpiece to a predetermined finishing dimension by correcting the cutting amount of the grinding wheel with respect to the workpiece based on the difference in dress amount between the grinding wheel and the end surface grinding portion. Angular grinding method. The dressing process of the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part of the grinding wheel by the grinding wheel dresser corresponds to the reference contour of the grinding part with a constant cutting amount with respect to the inner diameter grinding part and the grinding wheel grinding part of the grinding wheel. The dressing process, which is performed while traversing the trajectory along the reference grinding wheel surface contour, is repeated a predetermined number of times,
In each step of this series of dressing steps, the presence / absence of contact between the grinding wheel dresser and the inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part of the grinding wheel is detected and detected by either the grinding wheel dresser or the grinding part. The angular grinding method according to claim 1, wherein a difference in dressing amount between the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part is detected based on the number of non-contact states. The contact detection means for detecting the presence or absence of contact between the grinding wheel dresser and the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part of the grinding wheel is an AE sensor provided on the grinding wheel dresser side. The angular grinding method described in 1. The contact detection means for detecting the presence or absence of contact between the grinding wheel dresser and the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part of the grinding wheel is an AE sensor provided on the grinding wheel side. The angular grinding method described in 1. The correction of the cutting amount for the grinding wheel workpiece is calculated by calculating the amount of expansion / contraction of the grinding wheel shaft of the grinding wheel from the difference in dressing amount between the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part, The angular grinding method according to claim 1, wherein a cutting amount of the grinding wheel is corrected. When the inclination angle of the grinding wheel axis of the grinding wheel with respect to the rotation axis of the workpiece is θ, and the difference in dress amount between the inner diameter grinding part and the end face grinding part is K,
6. The angular grinding method according to claim 5, wherein the amount of expansion and contraction Z of the grindstone shaft is obtained by the following equation.
Z = K / (tan θ + tan (90 ° −θ)) An angular grinding device for simultaneously grinding an inner diameter surface and an end surface of a workpiece,
A grinding wheel having an inner diameter grinding portion for grinding an inner diameter surface of a workpiece and an end surface grinding portion for grinding an end surface, and driven to rotate;
A grinding wheel cutting drive unit for cutting and feeding the grinding wheel to the workpiece,
A grinding wheel dresser for dressing the inner diameter grinding part and the end grinding part of the grinding wheel,
A dresser driving section for dressing the grindstone dresser;
In the dressing process of the grindstone dresser by the dresser driving unit, a dress amount difference measuring unit that detects and measures a difference in dress amount between the inner diameter grinding unit and the end surface grinding unit of the grinding wheel;
An angular grinding apparatus comprising: a grindstone cutting control unit that drives and controls the grindstone cutting driving unit based on a measurement result of the dress amount difference measuring unit. The said grindstone cutting control part is comprised so that the said cutting feed drive part may be drive-controlled so that the grinding method as described in any one of Claim 1 to 5 may be performed. Angular grinding device according to claim 1. The angular grinding apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the grindstone dresser is in the form of a rotary dresser including a rotary dressing tool that is rotationally driven as a dressing tool.

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