JP2013023828A - Tsunami coping type stair - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tsunami coping type stair capable of preventing driftage which flows out when tsunami, flood or the like occurs from getting easily hooked to the stair, reducing loads by the driftage applied to the stair, preventing destruction and outflow of a structure for evacuation, and preventing destruction of the stair as well.SOLUTION: The tsunami coping type stair is structured such that treads 1 are formed of buoyant bodies, both ends of each of the treads 1 are fixed by stringers 2, and a distal end of a stair unit A is pivoted by a support shaft 4 projected from the side of a structure B. Also, it is preferable that the plurality of treads 1 are arranged with a gap therebetween, and further it is preferable that a distal end side of each of the stringers 2 is pivoted by the horizontal support shaft 4 projected from a landing 3 fixed to the side of the structure B and the support shaft 4 is turned to a cantilever. Also, the plurality of stair units A may be prepared and pivoted by the support shaft 4.

Description

  In the present invention, when a tsunami or flood occurs, a staircase attached to a building that can be used as an evacuation site is rotated according to the direction along the flow of water as the water level rises, and drifting objects are not easily caught. In addition, the present invention relates to a tsunami-adaptive staircase that reduces the load caused by drifting objects caught on the stairs.

  In general, when a tsunami or flood occurs, it is common to evacuate to public facilities such as high schools and public halls established by local governments. Residents were not able to evacuate in time and could be swallowed by the tsunami after escaping. For this reason, many proposals such as a tsunami evacuation tower with an evacuation site at a high position or an elevated tsunami evacuation site have been made. However, since the stairs to reach these evacuation sites are fixed, in the event of a tsunami, flood, etc., drifting material washed away by the force of running water gets caught on the stairs, adding a large load to the evacuated building. The building could be damaged, destroyed, collapsed, or leaked. In addition, there was a risk that the staircase was destroyed by drifting objects and it was impossible to get out of the evacuation site after the tsunami was pulled.

  In general buildings other than evacuation buildings, the structure in which the stairs move can smoothly follow the stairs against the deformation of the building when an earthquake occurs. 223422. This staircase has a structure in which a stair unit having a first landing at one end and a second landing at the other end is attached to a building frame. The first landing is connected to a sliding support. In addition, a fixed part that cannot be moved with respect to the frame is provided on a straight line parallel to the width direction of the stairs at the second landing, and the fixing unit is provided on both sides of the fixture with respect to the frame. A semi-fixed part that allows movement within a predetermined range is provided, and the staircase unit is supported in a state that it can rotate around the fixed part with respect to the housing. This is because the staircase moves in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 9 in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-223422 when an earthquake occurs, and it does not have a structure in which the lower end side is lifted and rotated as in the present invention. And the purpose is also different.

  Moreover, there is a retractable staircase as a typical one in which the staircase moves. For example, there is JP-A-5-340052. This structure is attached to the storage box, which is a box-shaped extension of the landing hall on the floor of the prefabricated building and its roof, and is attached obliquely downward in the extension direction with the end on the staircase side as the axis. A staircase leading to the lower floor, and the staircase is rotated in the extending direction of the landing during transportation to form a flat bottom of the storage box. This is for prefabricated buildings and is for storing by rotating the stairs during transportation, so that it is easy to handle, and the purpose of the present invention is different. This is different from the cantilever structure in which the lower end of the staircase is lifted and rotated.

JP 2008-223422 A JP-A-5-340052

  The present invention makes it difficult for the drifting material that flows out in the event of a tsunami or flood to occur on the stairs, reduces the load caused by the drifting material caught on the stairs, and prevents the evacuation building from collapsing or flowing out. The purpose is to provide a tsunami-compatible staircase that can prevent the destruction of staircases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, that is, in a stair unit provided with at least a plurality of treads, the treads are formed of a buoyant body, and both ends of each tread are fixed with side girders. It is a tsunami-compatible staircase that supports the end of the unit with a support shaft that protrudes from the building side. Further, it is preferable to provide a gap between the treads. Further, the front end side of the side beam is supported by a horizontal support shaft protruding from a landing fixed on the building side, and the support shaft is a cantilever beam. It is preferable that it is made. In the present invention, “the tread board is formed of a buoyant body” means that the tread board is formed so as to generate buoyancy when the stairs are submerged. For example, it refers to a foamed resin or a synthetic resin that is lighter than water, or one that is formed by providing a hollow portion inside and one that is formed from wood.

  In the stair unit (A) provided with at least a plurality of treads (1) as in claim 1, the treads (1) are formed of buoyant bodies, and both ends of each tread (1) are side girders (2). And by supporting the tip of the staircase unit (A) with a support shaft (4) protruding from the building (B) side, it will be attached to the tread (1) along with the power of running water in the event of a tsunami or flood. Due to the working buoyancy, the stair unit (A) is rotated around the support shaft (4) and lifted in the horizontal direction, and a structure in which the support column to be supported by the outside of the stair unit (A) is omitted, ie, a cantilever. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the catch of the drifting material generated at the time of the water increase, reduce the load applied to the evacuation building, and prevent the evacuation building from collapsing or flowing out. In addition, it is possible to prevent destruction of the stairs due to drifting objects.

  By arranging a gap between each tread (1) as in claim 2, when the tsunami pulls, the stair unit (A) is not pushed down to its original position by the force of the tsunami, and is in a floating state Is secured.

  As shown in claim 3, the front end side of the side beam (2) is pivotally supported by a horizontal support shaft (4) protruding from a landing (3) fixed to the building (B) side, and the support shaft (4) The cantilever is made easy to install the staircase unit (A), and it is difficult to catch drifting objects during a tsunami or flood, and it is possible to minimize collisions such as rubble. Become.

  A plurality of stair unit (A) is prepared as shown in claim 4, and each stair unit (A) is pivotally supported by a support shaft (4), whereby the height of the building for evacuation is high. In addition, it becomes difficult for drifting objects to be caught during a tsunami or flood, and it is possible to reduce collisions such as rubble to the minimum and reduce the load applied to the evacuation structure.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the principal part structure of embodiment of this invention. It is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the tread of the present embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state in which the support shaft of this embodiment is attached. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which multiple staircase units of this embodiment are arrange | positioned. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which this invention goods are attached to the evacuation deck provided straddling the building. It is explanatory drawing which shows the side surface of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state in which this invention goods are attached to the escape deck of one support | pillar.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. (A) is a stair unit provided with at least a plurality of treads (1) to be described later. (B) is a building that pivotally supports the tip of the stair unit (A), and the building (B) may be a building that can be used as an evacuation site. A tsunami evacuation tower, an evacuation area provided as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 around a building on the third floor or higher, an elevated tsunami refuge, and the like.

  (1) is a plurality of treads formed of buoyant bodies and arranged with gaps. The treads (1) may be made of foamed resin, synthetic resin or wood that is lighter than water. A portion may be provided, and the outside may be formed of a synthetic resin or a light metal. Furthermore, as the tread (1), as shown in FIG. 2, an outer frame (11) in which the outer periphery of the tread (1) is molded with a hard resin or the like, and a lightweight foam formed inside the outer frame (11) (12) It may be composed of (2) is a metal or wooden side girder that fixes both ends of the tread board (1), and the end of the side girder (2) is flush with the upper surface of the dance hall (3) described later. It is bent in the shape of Further, a hole (21) for inserting a support shaft (4) to be described later is formed at the tip. In addition, the front-end | tip part of the said side beam (2) does not necessarily need to be flush with the upper surface of a dance hall (3).

  (3) is a landing, and the landing (3) is protruded from a building (B) having both ends supported by the building (B) or a building (B) as shown in FIG. It is good also as a thing of the state. (4) is a horizontal support shaft protruding from the landing (3) fixed on the building (B) side or directly protruding from the building (B) side, and the support shaft (4) uses an iron pipe, The support shaft (4) is inserted into the hole (21) of the side beam (2), and a blind cover (41) is attached to its tip as shown in FIG. Further, the mounting plate (42) is fixed to the other end of the support shaft (4) as shown in FIG. 3 (a), and anchor bolts (43) embedded in the reinforced concrete column side of the building (B) By fixing the mounting plate (42), the support shaft (4) supports the stair unit (A) in a cantilever state. The mounting plate (42) may be a disc-shaped base plate and a rib plate that is radially fixed to the surface of the base plate. (5) is a handrail attached to the upper part of the side girders (2) on both sides. The stair unit (A) may be a long unit having an intermediate landing as shown in FIG.

  Next, a method for attaching the product of the present invention will be described. First, the number of staircase units (A) corresponding to the height of the tsunami will be described. First, when the estimated height of the tsunami is 10 m or less, there is one stair unit (A), and the stair unit (B) according to the height of the tsunami is as shown in FIG. The tip of A) is attached rotatably by the support shaft (4). At this time, the upper part from the landing (3) to which the staircase unit (A) is attached may be fixed as in the case of general stairs. Next, when the estimated height of the tsunami is 10 m or more, there are a plurality of stair units (A) and the tip of each stair unit (A) is supported on the evacuation deck (B) according to the height of the waves. Attach to rotate in (4). For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the stair unit (A) is rotatably attached to the lowermost stage and the landing (3) above it. In addition, it is good also as what provided all the staircase parts attached to the said evacuation deck (B) rotatably.

  Further, when the stairs of the present invention are attached to the evacuation deck (B) provided across the building as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the stairs are placed on the evacuation deck (B) corresponding to the height of the tsunami. Provide. At this time, the front end of the staircase unit (A) is rotatably attached to the support shaft (4).

  Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. First, when a tsunami warning is issued, go up the stairs to the evacuation site. After that, when the tsunami comes, the building (B) and the staircase unit (A) are flooded. And if the stair unit (A) is submerged to some extent, a force of running water is applied to the stair unit (A) and buoyancy is generated in each tread (1), so the stair unit (A) is lifted and the surface of the tsunami It rises to near. At this time, the stair unit (A) rotates around the support shaft (4). Thereafter, the staircase unit (A) rotates up to the position of the two-dot chain line shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 6, and 7 as the water surface height of the tsunami increases. For this reason, it is extremely less likely that a drifting object such as a conventional fixed staircase will be caught, and it is almost impossible to add a large load to the building due to the force of the drifting object and the flowing water applied to the drifting object. The risk of collapse or spillage will be drastically reduced. Further, the stair unit (A) itself is not easily destroyed.

  Also, when the tsunami pulls, buildings and other drifting objects destroyed by the tsunami's destructive power are returned to the sea along with running water. At this time as well, the staircase of the present invention is less likely to be caught on the staircase of the present invention, and the staircase unit (A) itself is not easily destroyed. At this time, if a gap is provided between the respective treads (1), the stair unit (A) is surely secured in a floating state.

A Stair unit B Building 1 Tread 2 Side girder 3 Landing place 4 Support shaft

Claims (4)

  In the staircase unit (A) provided with at least a plurality of treads (1), the treads (1) are formed of a buoyant body and both ends of each tread (1) are fixed by side girders (2), Tsunami-compatible staircase, characterized in that the end of the staircase unit (A) is pivotally supported by a support shaft (4) protruding from the building (B) side.   The tsunami-compatible staircase according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between each of the treads (1).   The front side of the side beam (2) is pivotally supported by a horizontal support shaft (4) protruding from a landing (3) fixed on the building (B) side, and the support shaft (4) is formed as a cantilever. The tsunami-compatible staircase according to claim 1. The tsunami-adaptive staircase according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the staircase units (A) are prepared, and each staircase unit (A) is pivotally supported by the support shaft (4).