JP2013000707A - Plastic sorting device and plastic sorting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recover plastic with high purity by eliminating foreign materials such as rubber and hot melt from shredder dust.SOLUTION: The shredder dust 101 containing a plastic piece 102 and the foreign materials 103 falls to a clearance part between an elastic roller 121 and a projected and recessed roller 122 rotating downward, and is caught in rotation of the rollers. The plastic piece 102 is housed in a dent part generated on an elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121, passes between the rollers and falls, or is attached on the elastic roller and is scraped by a scraper 124 so as to be recovered in the plastic recovery container 131. The foreign materials 103 are pressed on a metal mesh 122b of the projected and recessed roller 122 by the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121, and are attached on the metal mesh 122b. The foreign materials 103 attached on the metal mesh 122b are scraped by a scraper 123 and are recovered in a foreign material recovery container 133.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plastic sorting apparatus and a plastic sorting method for sorting plastic from shredder dust, for example.

  The Home Appliance Recycling Law was enacted in 2001 to promote activities to reduce waste and effectively use resources by recycling household appliances.

Household appliances and office automation equipment discharged from ordinary households and offices are sorted into various materials such as metal and plastic by manual dismantling and recycled after crushing.
However, in discarded products, composite parts composed of various metals and plastics that are difficult to disassemble are used. These composite parts are generally referred to as “shredder dust” as the remaining metal recovered after crushing.
Shredder dust is incinerated or landfilled because there are few ways to reuse it, which is a major obstacle to creating a recycling society.

Shredder dust is collected by removing magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, and light substances (also called dust) by crushing waste products with a metal sorter, wind sorter, etc., and contains multiple types of plastics. Yes.
A product containing multiple types of plastic is called "mixed plastic".

The mixed plastic is sorted into plastics for each type by sorting such as wet sorting using specific gravity or electrostatic sorting using electrostatic characteristics.
However, the mixed plastic (shredder dust) obtained from the waste product generally contains foreign substances such as an elastic body called rubber and an adhesive substance called hot melt.
For this reason, when the mixed plastic is subjected to specific gravity sorting, rubber and hot melt having a specific gravity close to that of the plastic to be sorted are collected together with the plastic to be sorted. That is, the collected material collected by specific gravity sorting contains rubber and hot melt in addition to plastic.

For example, the specific gravity of a general rubber such as natural rubber, nitrile rubber, silicon rubber, and butadiene rubber is “0.9 to 0.98”, which is close to the specific gravity of polypropylene, which is a general-purpose plastic. For this reason, it is difficult to sort these rubber and polypropylene by specific gravity sorting.
In addition, the specific gravity of the hot melt is often “0.9 to 1.0”, and it is difficult to select the hot melt and the polypropylene by specific gravity selection like rubber.

The rubber and hot melt mixed in the plastic collected by sorting are removed by the screen mesh in the resin molding machine when the collected plastic is pelletized for reuse.
However, if the rubber content is large, the screen mesh is likely to be clogged, the frequency of replacement of the screen mesh is increased, and the productivity is lowered.
In addition, since the melting point of hot melt is generally lower than that of plastic, it melts with the plastic in the resin molding machine and passes through the screen mesh. Therefore, the melted hot melt is mixed into the molded product and the mechanical characteristics are deteriorated.

  Therefore, it is necessary to remove foreign matters such as rubber and hot melt.

  Patent Document 1 removes hot melt by including a transport conveyor that supplies mixed plastic and a cylindrical needle bar assembly that has a needle bar that pierces the hot melt contained in the mixed plastic on the transport conveyor. A sorting / collecting device is disclosed.

JP 2006-159051 A

However, the sorting / collecting device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the hot melt cannot be pierced with a needle-shaped bar when the hot melt is buried under a plastic piece or when the hot melt is too small. .
Furthermore, the sorting / collecting device of Patent Document 1 has a problem that the needle of the needle bar is bent by continuous use. For this reason, efficient hot melt recovery is difficult.

Further, the sorting / collecting device of Patent Document 1 prevents the needle bar from being damaged by having a mechanism for holding a fixed space between the needle bar and the horizontal holding plate.
However, when a foreign object larger than the clearance of the space (particularly, a foreign object that does not pierce the needle bar) passes, the space is expanded and hot melt passes simultaneously with the foreign object.

  An object of the present invention is to make it possible to recover a plastic with high purity by, for example, removing foreign matters such as rubber and hot melt from shredder dust.

The plastic sorting apparatus of the present invention is
A mixture supply unit for supplying a mixture including a plurality of plastic pieces and a plurality of non-plastic pieces made of a material other than plastic;
The pair of opposed portions sandwiching the mixture supplied from the mixture supply portion has a pair of opposed portions provided with an elastic material on one side and an uneven portion having a plurality of irregularities on the other side, and the mixture is opposed to the pair of opposed portions. A non-plastic piece removing unit that attaches a plurality of non-plastic pieces contained in the mixture to the concavo-convex part by sandwiching between the parts,
And a plastic piece collecting part for collecting a plurality of plastic pieces that do not adhere to the uneven part of the non-plastic piece removing part.

  According to the present invention, for example, foreign substances (non-plastic pieces) such as rubber and hot melt can be removed from shredder dust (mixture), and plastic can be recovered with high purity.

1 is a configuration diagram of a mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 shows an example of a mesh shape of a metal mesh 122b in the first embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the selection part 120 of the mixed plastics selection collection | recovery apparatus 100 in Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a scraper 123 of a sorting unit 120 in the first embodiment. The block diagram of the mixed plastics sort collection device 100 in Embodiment 2. Sectional drawing which shows the selection part 120 of the mixed plastics selection collection | recovery apparatus 100 in Embodiment 2. FIG. The enlarged view which shows the scraper 123 of the selection part 120 in Embodiment 2. FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the selection part 120 of the mixed plastics selection collection | recovery apparatus 100 in Embodiment 3. FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in a fourth embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the selection part 120 of the mixed plastics selection collection | recovery apparatus 100 in Embodiment 4. FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in a fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 according to a sixth embodiment.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
An apparatus and method for recovering plastic with high purity by removing foreign matters such as rubber and hot melt from shredder dust will be described.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the first embodiment.
A mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the configuration of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 will be described.

  The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 (an example of a plastic sorting apparatus) sorts and collects the plastic pieces 102 from the shredder dust 101.

The shredder dust 101 includes one type or a plurality of different plastic pieces 102 (mixed plastic) and a plurality of foreign matters 103 (non-plastic pieces) such as rubber and hot melt.
The plastic piece 102 is harder than the foreign material 103. In addition, the foreign matter 103 has stronger elasticity or adhesiveness than the plastic piece 102.
The plastic piece 102 is illustrated by “white circle”, and the foreign material 103 is illustrated by “black circle”.

The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a supplying unit 110 (an example of a mixture supplying unit), a sorting unit 120 (an example of a non-plastic piece removing unit), and a collecting unit 130 (an example of a plastic piece collecting unit).
The supply unit 110 supplies the shredder dust 101 to the sorting unit 120, the sorting unit 120 removes the foreign matter 103 from the supplied shredder dust 101, sorts the plastic piece 102, and the collecting unit 130 removes the sorted plastic piece 102. to recover.

The supply unit 110 includes a charging hopper 111 and a vibration feeder 112.
The charging hopper 111 stores the shredder dust 101 and inputs the stored shredder dust 101 from the bottom to the vibration feeder 112.
The vibration feeder 112 is installed below the charging hopper 111 and conveys the shredder dust 101 charged from the charging hopper 111 to the sorting unit 120 evenly. The vibration feeder 112 is an example of a “material supply device” that supplies the shredder dust 101 to the sorting unit 120.

  In addition, the supply unit 110 includes a “hopper control device” that opens and closes the bottom lid of the charging hopper 111, a “feeder drive device” that drives the vibration feeder 112, and the like (not shown).

  The sorting unit 120 includes an elastic roller 121 and an uneven roller 122 as a pair of rotating bodies (an example of a pair of opposed units).

  The elastic roller 121 (an example of the first roller) includes a rotating drive shaft 121a (roller) and an elastic body 121b (elastic material) wound around the drive shaft 121a.

The elastic body 121 b is softer than the plastic piece 102 and harder than the foreign material 103. For example, rubber such as urethane of Shore A50 or higher in JIS standard may be used as the elastic body 121b.
Further, since the elastic body 121b is charged with static electricity by being in contact with the plastic piece 102, an elastic body to which a conductive material is added may be used.
The thickness of the elastic body 121b is preferably thicker than the maximum size (width, height, or thickness) assumed as the size of the plastic piece 102 supplied from the supply unit 110.

  The uneven roller 122 (an example of a second roller) includes a rotating drive shaft 122a (roller) and a metal mesh 122b (an example of an uneven portion) wound around the drive shaft 122a.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a mesh shape of the metal mesh 122b in the first embodiment.
The metal mesh 122b is a member having a mesh (or lattice) mesh and is made of metal. However, a mesh member made of a material other than metal may be used instead of the metal mesh 122b.
The mesh shape of the metal mesh 122b may be (1) a quadrangle, (2) a triangle, (3) a circle, or other shapes.
The mesh size (fineness of the mesh) of the metal mesh 122b is preferably smaller than the minimum size of the foreign matter 103 assumed as the foreign matter 103 supplied from the supply unit 110.

The elastic roller 121 and the concavo-convex roller 122 are arranged in parallel below the tip of the vibration feeder 112.
The elastic roller 121 and the concavo-convex roller 122 are close to each other with a gap enough to sandwich the shredder dust 101 dropped from the vibration feeder 112, and rotate inward so as to push the sandwiched shredder dust 101 out of the gap. However, you may arrange | position so that the elastic roller 121 and the uneven | corrugated roller 122 may mutually contact.
For example, the elastic roller 121 located on the left side rotates clockwise, and the uneven roller 122 located on the right side rotates counterclockwise. That is, the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 rotate in opposite directions.

The plastic piece 102 contained in the shredder dust 101 passes between the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 and falls.
This is because the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121 is recessed according to the shape and size of the plastic piece 102, and a gap (clearance) is allowed to pass through the plastic piece 102.
Further, the plastic piece 102 has little elasticity and adhesiveness, and therefore does not adhere to the metal mesh 122b.
However, when the plastic piece 102 is in a low-humidity environment, static electricity is charged by contact with the elastic roller 121 and may adhere to the elastic roller 121.

The foreign matter 103 contained in the shredder dust 101 is sandwiched between two rollers when passing between the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 and adheres to the metal mesh 122b of the uneven roller 122.
At this time, since the foreign matter 103 such as rubber or hot melt is softer than the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121, the elastic body 121b is not deformed. Therefore, the foreign material 103 is pressed against the metal mesh 122b of the uneven roller 122 by the elastic body 121b and adheres to the metal mesh 122b by elasticity or adhesiveness.
For example, rubber having elasticity fits into the mesh of the metal mesh 122b, and hot melt having adhesiveness adheres to the mesh of the metal mesh 122b.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the sorting unit 120 of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the first embodiment. The cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 represents the AA ′ cross section of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the elastic body 121b is depressed in the portion through which the plastic piece 102 passes, and the elastic body 121b is not depressed in the portion through which the foreign material 103 passes. For this reason, the foreign material 103 is pressed against the metal mesh 122b by the elastic body 121b and adheres to the metal mesh 122b.
In addition, the portion of the elastic body 121b through which the plastic piece 102 passes is locally recessed, and the recessed portion returns to the state before being recessed by elasticity, so that the foreign matter 103 is prevented from passing between the rollers together with the plastic piece 102. Can do.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the description of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 will be continued.

The sorting unit 120 further includes a scraper 123 and a scraper 124.
The scraper 123 is installed at a position where the tip contacts the metal mesh 122b of the concavo-convex roller 122, and peels off the foreign matter 103 attached to the metal mesh 122b.
The scraper 124 is installed at a position where the tip contacts the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121, and peels off the plastic piece 102 attached to the elastic body 121b by static electricity.
For example, the scraper 123 and the scraper 124 are hard spatula-like members.
A vibration device that vibrates the scrapers 123 and 124 may be provided.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the scraper 123 of the sorting unit 120 in the first embodiment.
The shape of the scraper 123 in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4 (1), the tip of the scraper 123 may be sharpened so that the tip of the scraper 123 enters the gap between the metal mesh 122b of the uneven roller 122 and the foreign matter 103 attached to the metal mesh 122b. .
As shown in FIG. 4 (2), a brush may be provided at the tip of the scraper 123, and the foreign matter 103 may be peeled off with the tip of the brush.
However, the shape of the scraper 123 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG.
The scraper 124 may have a shape shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
The scraper 124 may not be in contact with the elastic body 121b, and may be separated to such an extent that the plastic piece 102 cannot pass between the elastic body 121b and the scraper 124.
However, the shape of the scraper 124 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG.

  In addition to this, the sorting unit 120 includes a “roller control device” (not shown) that rotates the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 and controls the rotation speed. For example, the roller control device performs inverter control of a motor that rotates the drive shaft of each roller.

  The collection unit 130 includes a plastic collection container 131, a partition plate 132, and a foreign material collection container 133.

The plastic collection container 131 is provided below the gap between the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 and accumulates the plastic pieces 102 that pass between the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 and fall.
In the plastic collection container 131, “mixed plastic” (or a single type of plastic) including different types of plastic pieces 102 is collected.

  The partition plate 132 is provided below a portion where the uneven roller 122 and the scraper 123 are in contact with each other, and collects the foreign matter 103 peeled off from the metal mesh 122b by the scraper 123 into the foreign matter collection container 133.

  The foreign matter collection container 133 is provided below the tip of the partition plate 132 and accumulates the foreign matter 103 that has fallen along the partition plate 132.

  Next, the flow of the shredder dust 101 processed by the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 will be described.

The shredder dust 101 is input from the input hopper 111 to the vibration feeder 112 and is conveyed by the vibration feeder 112. The conveyed shredder dust 101 falls to a gap (or contact portion) between the elastic roller 121 and the concavo-convex roller 122 that rotate downward, and is caught in the rotation of the roller.
The plastic piece 102 contained in the shredder dust 101 is stored in a hollow portion generated in the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121, falls between the rollers, and is collected in the plastic collection container 131. Alternatively, it adheres to the elastic body 121b due to static electricity, is transported by the rotation of the elastic roller 121, is scraped off by the scraper 124, and is collected in the plastic collection container 131.
The foreign matter 103 contained in the shredder dust 101 is pressed against the metal mesh 122b of the uneven roller 122 by the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121 and adheres to the metal mesh 122b. The foreign matter 103 adhering to the metal mesh 122b is transported by the rotation of the uneven roller 122, scraped off by the scraper 123, falls onto the partition plate 132, and is collected in the foreign matter collection container 133.

  In the first embodiment, for example, the following mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 has been described.

The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a material supply unit (supply unit 110), a first rotating body (elastic roller 121), a second rotating body (uneven roller 122), and a scraping mechanism (scraper 123, scraper). 124), a first container (plastic collection container 131), and a second container (foreign substance collection container 133).
The material supply unit throws in mixed plastic (shredder dust 101) containing foreign matter.
The first rotating body has an elastic body on the surface.
The second rotating body has a metal mesh on the surface, and forms a pressure contact portion with the first rotating body in parallel with the first rotating body.
The scraping mechanism scrapes off the plastic piece attached to the first rotating body having the elastic body and the foreign matter attached to the second rotating body having the metal mesh.
The first container collects the mixed plastic from which foreign substances have been removed.
The second container collects the foreign matter selected at the press contact portion.

With this configuration, the elastic body elastically deforms only the volume fraction of plastic, which is a hard substance, locally creates the clearance necessary for the plastic to pass between the rotating bodies, and the plastic passes between the rotating bodies. be able to.
Therefore, the clearance between the rotating bodies is kept constant except for the portion through which the plastic passes. As a result, the foreign matter passing between the rotating bodies simultaneously with the plastic can be pressed against the second rotating body having irregularities with a constant load.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
A mode in which the metal mesh 122b is not used will be described.
Hereinafter, items different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. Matters whose description is omitted are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the sorting unit 120 of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the second embodiment. The cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 represents the BB ′ cross section of FIG.
A configuration of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 110, a sorting unit 120, and a collecting unit 130. The sorting unit 120 includes an elastic roller 121, an uneven roller 122, a scraper 123, and a scraper 124 (see FIG. 5).

  The uneven roller 122 is made of a hard material (for example, metal).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the surface of the uneven roller 122 is processed to provide a plurality of unevenness on the surface of the uneven roller 122. Hereinafter, the uneven portion of the uneven roller 122 is referred to as an “uneven portion 122 c”.

The size of the concave portion of the uneven portion 122c is desirably smaller than the size of the smallest foreign material 103 assumed as the foreign material 103 supplied from the supply unit 110, similarly to the metal mesh 122b of the first embodiment.
Further, the shape of the concave portion of the concavo-convex portion 122c may be a quadrangle, a triangle, a circle, or other shapes, similar to the metal mesh 122b of the first embodiment. The uneven portion 122 c may be a groove provided along the circumference of the uneven roller 122.

The uneven portion 122c of the uneven roller 122 functions in the same manner as the metal mesh 122b of the first embodiment.
In other words, the foreign matter 103 contained in the shredder dust 101 is pressed against the uneven portion 122c of the uneven roller 122 by the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121 and adheres to the uneven portion 122c. The foreign matter 103 attached to the concavo-convex portion 122 c is transported by the rotation of the concavo-convex roller 122, scraped off by the scraper 123, dropped onto the partition plate 132, and collected in the foreign matter collection container 133.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing the scraper 123 of the sorting unit 120 in the second embodiment.
The shape of the scraper 123 in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Concavities and convexities that fit into the concavities and convexities of the concavity and convexity portion 122c are provided at the tip of the scraper 123, so that the foreign matter 103 can be peeled off more reliably.
However, the shape of the scraper 123 in the second embodiment is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 7, and may be the shape shown in FIGS. 4 (1) and 4 (2).

By providing the uneven portion 122c instead of the metal mesh 122b (see Embodiment 1), the following effects can be obtained.
When the plastic piece 102 having a size close to the thickness of the elastic body 121 b of the elastic roller 121 is included in the shredder dust 101, the elastic body 121 b is greatly recessed according to the size of the plastic piece 102. At this time, the larger the dent, the greater the repulsive force of the elastic body 121b trying to return to the original state.
For this reason, when the metal mesh 122b is attached to the uneven roller 122, the plastic piece 102 is strongly pressed against the metal mesh 122b by the repulsive force of the elastic body 121b, and the metal mesh 122b may be damaged.
On the other hand, by processing the surface of the concavo-convex roller 122 to provide the concavo-convex portion 122c, it is possible to increase the resistance of the concavo-convex portion 122c and suppress damage to the concavo-convex portion 122c.

In the second embodiment, for example, the following mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 has been described.
The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a metal rotating body (concave / convex roller 122) whose surface has a concavo-convex shape instead of a rotating body having a metal mesh.
Since the rotating body made of metal has higher strength than the metal mesh, the rotating body is not easily damaged even when the repulsive force of the elastic body is large, and the plastic selection and recovery should be continued stably. Can do.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
The three-dimensional shape of the concave portion of the uneven portion 122c will be described.
Hereinafter, items different from the second embodiment will be mainly described. Matters whose description is omitted are the same as those in the second embodiment.

  The configuration of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 is the same as that of the second embodiment (see FIG. 5).

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the sorting unit 120 of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the third embodiment. The cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 represents the BB ′ cross section of FIG.
A three-dimensional shape of the concave portion 122d of the concave-convex portion 122c in the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The concave portion 122d of the concave and convex portion 122c has a V-shaped cross section.
For example, the recess 122d has a mortar shape that is recessed from the opening to the bottom. That is, the recess 122d has a wide opening and a narrow bottom. However, the recess 122d may be a groove provided along the circumference of the uneven roller 122.
Moreover, the convex part 122e comprises the taper shape tapered from the bottom part to the front-end | tip part. That is, the convex part 122e has a small tip and a large bottom. However, the protrusion 122e may be a groove provided along the circumference of the uneven roller 122.

By forming the concave portion 122d of the concavo-convex portion 122c into a V-shaped cross section, the foreign matter 103 is prevented from being tightly fitted into the concave portion 122d, the recovery rate of the foreign matter 103 is increased, and the plastic piece 102 can be recovered with high purity.
Also, the plastic piece 102 can be prevented from being caught in the recess 122d, and the recovery rate of the plastic piece 102 can be increased.
For example, when the concave portion 122d has a square cross-sectional shape (see FIG. 5), the foreign matter 103 having a size similar to the size of the concave portion 122d is tightly fitted into the concave portion 122d, and is scraped by the scraper 123 from the concave portion 122d. There is a possibility that the foreign matter 103 cannot be peeled off. In this case, the uneven portion 122c is clogged by the foreign matter 103 that could not be peeled off, and the foreign matter 103 supplied thereafter does not adhere to the uneven portion 122c and is collected in the plastic collection container 131 together with the plastic piece 102. End up.
In addition, there is a possibility that a plastic piece having a thickness similar to the size of the concave portion 122d is caught in the concave portion 122d, scraped off by the scraper 123, and collected in the foreign matter collecting container 133. In this case, the recovery rate of the plastic piece is reduced.
On the other hand, the concave portion 122d having a V-shaped cross section can prevent the foreign matter 103 from being tightly fitted into the concave portion 122d. For this reason, the foreign material 103 is peeled off by the scraper 123, and the uneven portion 122c is not clogged. Therefore, the plastic piece 102 and the foreign material 103 can be separately collected with high purity.
Moreover, also in the plastic piece 102, it can prevent that the plastic piece 102 is pinched | interposed into a recessed part by making the recessed part 122d into a V-shaped cross section. For this reason, the plastic piece 102 can be efficiently collected.

  Similarly to the concavo-convex portion 122c, the concave portion of the metal mesh 122b of Embodiment 1 may have a V-shaped cross section.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
The form which provides an elastic body in the uneven roller 122 is demonstrated.
Hereinafter, items different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. Matters whose description is omitted are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the sorting unit 120 of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the fourth embodiment. The cross-sectional view of FIG. 10 represents the CC ′ cross-section of FIG.
The configuration of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 110, a sorting unit 120, and a collecting unit 130. The sorting unit 120 includes an elastic roller 121, an uneven roller 122, a scraper 123, and a scraper 124 (see FIG. 9).

  The uneven roller 122 includes an elastic body 122f between the drive shaft 122a and the metal mesh 122b (see FIG. 9).

Similar to the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121, the elastic body 122f of the uneven roller 122 is harder than the foreign matter 103 and softer than the plastic piece 102.
For example, rubber such as urethane of Shore A50 or higher in JIS standard may be used as the elastic body 122f.
The elastic body 122f of the uneven roller 122 and the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121 may be the same material or different materials.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 sandwich the plastic piece 102, the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121 is elastically deformed and the elastic body 122f of the uneven roller 122 is elastically deformed.
Further, the metal mesh 122b is deformed along with the elastic deformation of the elastic body 122f.

By providing the elastic body 122f between the drive shaft 122a of the uneven roller 122 and the metal mesh 122b, the following effects can be obtained.
When the plastic piece 102 having a size close to the thickness of the elastic body 121 b of the elastic roller 121 is included in the shredder dust 101, the elastic body 121 b is greatly recessed according to the size of the plastic piece 102. At this time, the larger the dent, the greater the repulsive force of the elastic body 121b trying to return to the original state.
For this reason, when the elastic body 122f is not provided between the drive shaft 122a of the uneven roller 122 and the metal mesh 122b, the plastic piece 102 is strongly pressed against the metal mesh 122b by the repulsive force of the elastic body 121b. Possible damage.
On the other hand, by providing the elastic body 122f between the drive shaft 122a of the uneven roller 122 and the metal mesh 122b, the elastic body 122f is recessed behind the metal mesh 122b where the plastic piece 102 is pressed, and the metal mesh 122b. Can be reduced, and damage to the metal mesh 122b can be suppressed.
Further, since the elastic body 122f is locally depressed, it is possible to prevent the foreign matter 103 from dropping together with the plastic piece 102 between the elastic roller 121 and the uneven roller 122 and being collected in the plastic collection container 131.

In the fourth embodiment, for example, the following mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 has been described.
The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a rotating body (uneven roller 122) provided with an elastic body between a shaft and a metal mesh.
With this configuration, since the rotating bodies on both sides have elasticity, it is possible to throw in a larger plastic than the configuration in which the elastic body is provided only on the rotating body (elastic roller 121) on one side.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
A mode in which the foreign matter 103 is more reliably removed by softening the foreign matter 103 will be described.
Hereinafter, items different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. Matters whose description is omitted are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the fifth embodiment.
The configuration of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 110, a sorting unit 120, and a collecting unit 130 as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1).
However, the supply unit 110 includes a heating device 113 in addition to the charging hopper 111 and the vibration feeder 112.

  The heating device 113 is provided around (for example, the upper part) of the vibration feeder 112 and heats the shredder dust 101 (plastic piece 102, foreign matter 103) conveyed by the vibration feeder 112.

The heating temperature of the heating device 113 is a temperature at which the foreign matter 103 is softened and does not melt.
For example, the temperature at which the hot melt having the lowest melting point among the hot melts (an example of the foreign matter 103) contained in the shredder dust 101 is set as the heating temperature of the heating device 113.

The foreign matter 103 contained in the shredder dust 101 is softened by heating and easily adheres to the metal mesh 122b.
Further, by adjusting the heating temperature, it is possible to prevent the foreign matter 103 from melting and adhering to the plastic piece 102.

By providing the heating device 113 and heating the foreign matter 103, the following effects can be obtained.
The hard foreign material 103 is difficult to adhere to the metal mesh 122b.
Therefore, when the foreign material 103 (for example, hot melt) harder than expected is contained in the shredder dust 101, the foreign material 103 does not adhere to the metal mesh 122b and is collected in the plastic collection container 131 together with the plastic piece 102. There is a possibility.
On the other hand, by heating the hard foreign matter 103 with the heating device 113, the hard foreign matter 103 is softened and easily adheres to the metal mesh 122b. Further, since the temperature (softening point) at which the plastic piece 102 is softened is higher than that of the foreign matter 103, the plastic piece 102 is not softened and attached to the metal mesh 122b. For this reason, the plastic piece 102 and the foreign material 103 can be separately collected with high purity.

In the fifth embodiment, the heating function of the heating device 113 may be provided in the charging hopper 111 and the vibration feeder 112.
Further, after the shredder dust 101 is heated by the heating device 113, the shredder dust 101 may be thrown into the charging hopper 111, or the shredder dust 101 may be charged into the vibration feeder 112.

Embodiment 5 may have the characteristics of other embodiments.
For example, as in the second embodiment, the uneven roller 122 may be provided on the uneven roller 122 instead of the metal mesh 122b.
Further, similarly to the third embodiment, the shape of the recess of the uneven roller 122 may be V-shaped in cross section.
Further, similarly to the fourth embodiment, an elastic body 122f may be provided between the drive shaft 122a of the uneven roller 122 and the metal mesh 122b.

In the fifth embodiment, for example, the following mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 has been described.
The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a device that heats the mixed plastic (shredder dust 101) before being put between rotating bodies (rollers).
With this configuration, a foreign substance that is hard at room temperature (for example, hot melt) is softened by heating, and easily enters and adheres to the mesh of the metal mesh. That is, it becomes possible to improve the foreign matter selection accuracy.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
A mode in which the plastic piece 102 attached to the uneven roller 122 due to static electricity is efficiently collected in the plastic collection container 131 will be described.
Hereinafter, items different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. Matters whose description is omitted are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 according to the sixth embodiment.
The configuration of the mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 in the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a supply unit 110, a sorting unit 120, and a collecting unit 130 as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1).
However, the sorting unit 120 includes a sorting brush 125 in addition to the elastic roller 121, the uneven roller 122, the scraper 123, and the scraper 124.

  The sorting brush 125 is provided in a section (for example, the lower part) where the foreign matter 103 adheres to the uneven roller 122, and is provided at a position where the tip contacts the uneven roller 122, and scrapes off the plastic piece 102 attached to the uneven roller 122.

The sorting brush 125 is made of a thin wire diameter or a soft material capable of scraping the plastic piece 102 and allowing the foreign matter 103 to pass therethrough.
For example, a chemical fiber such as nylon or acrylic having a wire diameter of about 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm may be used as the sorting brush 125.
Further, a static eliminating brush may be used as the sorting brush 125 in order to eliminate static electricity charged in the plastic piece 102 when it is peeled off from the uneven roller 122.
However, the material of the sorting brush is not limited to the above material.

By providing the sorting brush 125 in the sorting unit 120, the following effects can be obtained.
When the plastic piece 102 is in contact with the elastic body 121b of the elastic roller 121 in a low humidity environment, static electricity is charged. Therefore, most of the plastic pieces 102 charged with static electricity adhere to the elastic body 121 b as they are, but also partially adhere to the uneven roller 122. Therefore, the plastic piece 102 adhering to the uneven roller 122 is collected in the foreign material collection container 133 together with the foreign material 103, and the recovery rate of the plastic piece 102 is reduced.
On the other hand, by providing the sorting brush 125, the plastic piece 102 attached to the uneven roller 122 cannot pass through the sorting brush 125, or is scraped and dropped by the elasticity of the sorting brush 125 when passing, and the plastic collection container 131 is dropped. To be recovered. For this reason, the plastic piece 102 can be efficiently collected.

Embodiment 6 may have the characteristics of other embodiments.
For example, as in the second embodiment, the uneven roller 122 may be provided on the uneven roller 122 instead of the metal mesh 122b.
Further, similarly to the third embodiment, the shape of the recess of the uneven roller 122 may be V-shaped in cross section.
Further, similarly to the fourth embodiment, an elastic body 122f may be provided between the drive shaft 122a of the uneven roller 122 and the metal mesh 122b.
Further, similarly to the fifth embodiment, the heating device 113 may be provided in the supply unit 110.

In the sixth embodiment, for example, the following mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 has been described.
The mixed plastic sorting and collecting apparatus 100 includes a brush that sorts the mixed plastic (shredder dust 101) attached to one rotating body (uneven roller 122).
With this configuration, the plastic piece collected in the container for collecting foreign matter (for example, hot melt) can be collected in the plastic collection container. That is, the recovery rate of the plastic piece is improved.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Mixed plastics sort collection | recovery apparatus, 101 Shredder dust, 102 Plastic piece, 103 Foreign material, 110 Supply part, 111 Loading hopper, 112 Vibrating feeder, 113 Heating device, 120 Sorting part, 121 Elastic roller, 121a Drive shaft, 121b Elastic body 122 Concavity and convexity roller, 122a Drive shaft, 122b Metal mesh, 122c Concavity and convexity, 122d Concavity, 122e Convex, 122f Elastic body, 123 Scraper, 124 Scraper, 125 Sorting brush, 130 Collection part, 131 Plastic collection container, 132 Partition plate, 133 Foreign matter collection container.

Claims (9)

A mixture supply unit for supplying a mixture including a plurality of plastic pieces and a plurality of non-plastic pieces made of a material other than plastic;
The pair of opposed portions sandwiching the mixture supplied from the mixture supply portion has a pair of opposed portions provided with an elastic material on one side and an uneven portion having a plurality of irregularities on the other side, and the mixture is opposed to the pair of opposed portions. A non-plastic piece removing unit that attaches a plurality of non-plastic pieces contained in the mixture to the concavo-convex part by sandwiching between the parts,
A plastic sorting apparatus comprising: a plastic piece collecting unit that collects a plurality of plastic pieces that do not adhere to the uneven portion of the non-plastic piece removing unit. The mixture supply unit drops the mixture from above the pair of opposed portions of the non-plastic piece removing unit,
The non-plastic piece removing portion includes a first roller provided with the elastic material and a second roller provided with the concavo-convex portion as the pair of opposed portions, and the first roller and the second roller The elastic material of the first roller is rotated according to the size of a plurality of plastic pieces by rotating the roller in a specific direction and sandwiching the mixture dropped from above with the first roller and the second roller. A plurality of non-plastic pieces are attached to the concave and convex portions of the second roller, and a plurality of plastic pieces are dropped from between the first roller and the second roller,
The plastic piece collection part is disposed below the pair of opposed parts of the non-plastic piece removal part, and collects a plurality of plastic pieces dropped from between the first roller and the second roller. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 1.   3. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an elastic material is provided between the second roller and the uneven portion.   4. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the uneven portion is a mesh material that is uneven in a mesh shape.   5. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the concavo-convex portion has a concave portion having a V-shaped cross section.   6. The plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixture supply unit includes a heating unit that heats the mixture. The said non-plastic piece removal part has a front-end | tip part fitted to the unevenness | corrugation of the said uneven | corrugated | grooved part, and has a scraper which peels a non-plastic piece from the uneven | corrugated | grooved part by the said front-end | tip part. 6. The plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of 6.   The plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the non-plastic piece removing unit includes a brush that scrapes off the plastic piece attached to the second roller by static electricity from the second roller. Sorting device. The mixture supply unit supplies a mixture including a plurality of plastic pieces and a plurality of non-plastic pieces made of a material other than plastic;
The non-plastic piece removing portion has a pair of facing portions provided with an elastic material on one side and a concavo-convex portion having a plurality of unevenness on the other side as a pair of facing portions sandwiching the mixture supplied from the mixture supply portion, A plurality of non-plastic pieces included in the mixture are attached to the uneven portion by sandwiching the mixture between the pair of opposed portions,
A plastic sorting method, wherein the plastic piece collection unit collects a plurality of plastic pieces that do not adhere to the uneven portion of the non-plastic piece removal unit.

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