JP2012510342A - カチオン性澱粉を含有する器物洗浄システム - Google Patents
カチオン性澱粉を含有する器物洗浄システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012510342A JP2012510342A JP2011539622A JP2011539622A JP2012510342A JP 2012510342 A JP2012510342 A JP 2012510342A JP 2011539622 A JP2011539622 A JP 2011539622A JP 2011539622 A JP2011539622 A JP 2011539622A JP 2012510342 A JP2012510342 A JP 2012510342A
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- Prior art keywords
- cationic starch
- detergent
- cationic
- drying
- cleaning
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
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- CSPHGSFZFWKVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)CCl CSPHGSFZFWKVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940024999 proteolytic enzymes for treatment of wounds and ulcers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940045872 sodium percarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)CS([O-])(=O)=O SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZKWDCFPLNQTHSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribromoisocyanuric acid Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)N(Br)C(=O)N(Br)C1=O ZKWDCFPLNQTHSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071104 xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/382—Vegetable products, e.g. soya meal, wood flour, sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/44—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
-
- C11D2111/14—
-
- C11D2111/18—
-
- C11D2111/44—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/228—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with phosphorus- or sulfur-containing groups
Abstract
Description
特に、この方法は
器物を洗浄工程において、大部分の水性希釈剤及び各100万部の水性希釈剤当たり約200〜5000重量部の器物洗浄用洗剤を含む水性洗浄組成物と、器物洗浄機中で接触させることと、
2つのプラスチック(「Nytralon 6E」(Quadrant Engineering Plastic Products);ナチュラル) 試験片(97×97×3mm)
2つのステンレス鋼カップ(110×65×32mm)、モデル:Le Chef、供給元:Elektroblok BV。
カチオン性澱粉を含む洗剤を用いた場合の乾燥時間/カチオン性澱粉を含まない洗剤を用いた場合の乾燥時間
及び/又は
カチオン性澱粉を含む洗剤を用いた場合の5分後の水滴数/カチオン性澱粉を含まない洗剤を用いた場合の5分後の水滴数
− 試験しようとするカチオン性澱粉が洗剤中に存在するか又は存在しないかを除いて同一の条件下で測定される場合、最大で0.9、好ましくは最大で0.8、より好ましくは最大で0.7、さらにより好ましくは最大で0.6、さらにより好ましくは最大で0.5、さらにより好ましくは最大で0.4、最も好ましくは最大で0.3である、乾燥時間に基づく平均乾燥係数。この比の下限は典型的には約0.1であってもよい。及び/又は
本明細書で定義される場合、カチオン性澱粉はカチオン性基を含有する澱粉である。カチオン性澱粉上のカチオン性電荷は、アンモニウム基、第4級アンモニウム基、グアニジウム基、スルホニウム基、ホスホニウム基、結合した遷移金属及び他の正電荷を持つ官能基に由来してもよい。
カチオン性澱粉の澱粉成分は、コメ、タピオカ、コムギ、トウモロコシ又はジャガイモなどの天然源に由来する澱粉であってもよい。これは、液体洗剤組成物において有利な場合がある、部分的に加水分解された澱粉であってもよい。これはさらに置換基を含んでいてもよく及び/又は疎水的に修飾されてもよい。
本明細書において上記に記載したカチオン性澱粉に加えて、洗剤組成物は、好ましくはアルカリ源、ビルダー(すなわちキレート剤/金属イオン封鎖剤の部類を含めた洗浄ビルダー)、漂白系、抗スケール剤、腐食防止剤、界面活性剤、泡立ち防止剤及び/又は酵素から選択される従来の成分を含んでいてもよい。適切な腐食剤としては、アルカリ金属水酸化物、例えば水酸化ナトリウム又は水酸化カリウム及びアルカリ金属ケイ酸塩、例えばメタケイ酸ナトリウムが上げられる。特に効果的なのは、SiO2:Na2Oのモル比が約1.0〜約3.3であるケイ酸ナトリウムである。洗剤組成物のpHは典型的にはアルカリ領域であり、好ましくは≧9、より好ましくは≧10である。
適切なビルダー物質(リン酸塩及び非リン酸塩ビルダー物質)は当技術分野で周知であり、多くの種類の有機及び無機化合物が文献中に記載されている。それらは通常、アルカリ度及び緩衝能を与え、凝集を防ぎ、イオン強度を維持し、汚れから金属を抽出し及び/又は洗浄溶液からアルカリ土類金属イオンを除去するために、あらゆる種類の洗浄組成物中に使用されている。
食器及び機械部品上のスケール形成は重大な問題となり得る。これはいくつかの発生源から生じ得るが、主としてこれは、アルカリ土類金属炭酸塩、リン酸塩又はケイ酸塩の析出に起因する。炭酸カルシウム及びリン酸カルシウムは、最も重大な問題である。この問題を軽減するために、スケール形成を最小限にする成分を組成物中に組み込むことができる。これらとしては、1,000〜400,000の分子量のポリアクリレート(その例はRohm&Haas、BASF及びAlco Corp.により供給される)及び他の部分と組み合わせたアクリル酸に基づくポリマーが挙げられる。これらとしては、マレイン酸と組み合わせたアクリル酸(BASFにより供給されるSokalan CP5及びCP7、又はRohm&Haasにより供給されるAcusol 479Nなど);メタクリル酸と組み合わせたもの(Rhone−Poulencにより供給されるColloid 226/35など);ホスホネートと組み合わせたもの(Buckman Laboratoriesにより供給されるCasi 773など);マレイン酸及び酢酸ビニルと組み合わせたもの(Hulsにより供給されるポリマーなど);アクリルアミドと組み合わせたもの;スルホフェノールメタリルエーテルと組み合わせたもの(Alcoにより供給されるAquatreat AR 540など);2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸と組み合わせたもの(Rohm&Haasにより供給されるAcumer 3100など、又はGoodrichにより供給されるK−775など);2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸及びスチレンスルホン酸ナトリウムと組み合わせたもの(Goodrichにより供給されるK−798など);メチルメタクリレート、メタリルスルホン酸ナトリウム及びスルホフェノールメタリルエーテルと組み合わせたもの(Alcoにより供給されるAlcosperse 240など);ポリメタクリレート(FMCにより供給されるBelclene 200など);ポリメタクリレート(Rohm&Haas製Tamol 850など);ポリアスパルテート;エチレンジアミンジスクシネート;有機ポリホスホン酸及びそれらの塩(アミノトリ(メチレンホスホン酸)及びエタン1−ヒドロキシ−1,1−ジホスホン酸のナトリウム塩など)が挙げられる。抗スケール剤は、存在する場合、組成物中に約0.05重量%〜約10重量%、好ましくは0.1重量%〜約5重量%、最も好ましくは約0.2重量%〜約5重量%含まれる。
界面活性剤及び特に非イオン性物質は、洗浄を増進するため及び/又は消泡剤として作用するために存在してもよい。典型的に使用される非イオン性物質は、アルキレンオキシド基を、本質的に脂肪族又はアルキル芳香族であってもよい有機疎水性物質と縮合させることによって得られる(例えば、EO、PO、BO及びPEO部分を有するC2〜C18アルコールアルコキシレートからなる群から選択される、又はポリアルキレンオキシドブロックコポリマー)。
本発明による系での使用に適した漂白剤は、ハロゲン系漂白剤又は酸素系漂白剤であってもよい。2種類以上の漂白剤を使用してもよい。
粉末、顆粒状粉末、タブレット、ブリケット又は固体ブロックの形態の固体洗剤であれば、固体消泡剤の使用が好ましいことがある。適切な固体消泡剤の例は:SILFOAM(登録商標)SP 150(Wacker Chemie AG製;シリコーン泡立ち防止粉末)又はDC2−4248S(Dow Coming製;粉末状泡立ち防止剤)である。
澱粉分解酵素及び/又はタンパク質分解酵素は通常、酵素成分として使用されるであろう。本明細書において使用可能な酵素は、バクテリア又は菌類に由来するものであってもよい。
型:Hobart AUX70E
洗浄浴容量:50L
すすぎ容量:4L
洗浄時間:65秒
すすぎ時間:8秒
洗浄温度:45℃
すすぎ温度:80℃
水:軟水(水硬度:<1DH)。
洗浄浴が軟水で満たされ加熱されると、洗浄プログラムが開始する。洗浄水は内部洗浄ポンプ及び食卓用器物の上の洗浄アームによって機械の中を循環することになる。洗浄時間が終了すると、洗浄ポンプが停止し、洗浄水が基材の下の貯水槽中にとどまることになる。次いで4Lの洗浄浴から自動的にポンプによって排水口へ排水されることになる。次いですすぎプログラムが開始することになる。ボイラー(軟水の貯水槽に接続している)からの新しい温水によりすすぎアームによって食卓用器物の上にすすぎがなされることになる。すすぎ時間が終了すると機械が開く。
これらの洗剤の乾燥挙動を乾燥係数によって定量化することもできる。これは乾燥時間及び5分後の残留水滴数の両方について計算することができ、以下の比に対応する:
添加した成分を含む洗剤を用いた場合の乾燥時間/添加した成分を含まない洗剤を用いた場合の乾燥時間(参照試験1)
及び/又は
添加した成分を含む洗剤を用いた場合の5分後の水滴数/添加した成分を含まない洗剤を用いた場合の5分後の水滴数
より良好な乾燥挙動はより低い乾燥係数に対応する。
− Hi Cat CWS 42(試験4B)、Roquette製、2−ヒドロキシ−3−(トリメチルアンモニオ)プロピルエーテル澱粉クロリド(CAS番号56780−58−6);
− PT.Starch Solution Internasional製の6種の異なるカチオン性タピオカ澱粉誘導体を試験した(試験4C〜4H)。CAS番号はすべて56780−58−6である。これらの物質は異なるカチオン置換度(DS)及びpH値を有する。これらを以下の概要に示す。
− National Starch&Chemical Limited製の3種の異なるカチオン性タピオカ澱粉を試験した。これらは以下のような異なるカチオン性度の度合いを有する。
Cato 304(試験4I)−第4級アミン(0.25%N)
Cato 306(試験4J)−第4級アミン(0.30%N)
Cato 308(試験4K)−第4級アミン(0.35%N)
− MERMAID M−350B(試験4L)、SHIKISHIMA STARCH CO.LTD製、α−カチオン性澱粉(CAS:9063−45−0)。
− EXCELL DH(試験4M)、NIPPON STARCH CHEMICAL CO.LTD製、水素化加水分解澱粉−O−C3H5(OH)−N+(CH3)3CL−(CAS 56780−58−6)。
− EXCELL NL(試験4N)、NIPPON STARCH CHEMICAL CO.LTD製、水素化加水分解澱粉シロップ−O−C3H5(OH)−N+(CH3)3CL−(CAS 56780−58−6);活量60%(及び40%の水)。
− Hi Cat CWS 42、Roquette製、2−ヒドロキシ−3−(トリメチルアンモニオ)プロピルエーテル澱粉クロリド(CAS番号 56780−58−6);
− EXCELL NL、NIPPON STARCH CHEMICAL CO.LTD製、水素化加水分解澱粉シロップ−O−C3H5(OH)−N+(CH3)3CL−(CAS 56780−58−6);活量60%(及び40%の水)。
− 非イオン性界面活性剤の存在は、洗浄プロセスの間に発泡における悪影響を与える恐れがある。これは粉末ベース洗剤の場合である。カチオン性澱粉を含む粉末は発泡を引き起こさないが、一方でカチオン性澱粉及び非イオン性物質を含む粉末は著しい発泡を引き起こす。
− 非イオン性界面活性剤の存在は、洗浄性能に負の影響を与える。澱粉タイプの汚れの除去は、洗浄プロセスにおいて非イオン性物質が存在する場合に低下する。
− 粉末ベース洗剤中の非イオン性界面活性剤の存在は、これらの洗剤の流動特性に負の影響を与え、DFR値の低下又はあらゆる自由流動特性の消失を引き起こす。
− 液体ベース洗剤中の非イオン性界面活性剤の存在は、これらの洗剤の物理的安定性に負の影響を与え、相分離を引き起こす。
Claims (14)
- (a)器物を洗浄工程において、大部分の水性希釈剤及び各100万部の水性希釈剤当たり約200〜5000重量部の器物洗浄用洗剤を含む水性洗浄組成物と、器物洗浄機中で接触させることと、
(b)洗浄した器物をすすぎ工程において、意図的に添加されるすすぎ剤を実質的に含まない水性すすぎ剤と接触させることとを含む、器物を洗浄する方法であって、水性すすぎ剤工程においてシート状に広がる作用を与えるように器物上に多糖の層を提供するために、器物洗浄用洗剤が十分量のカチオン性澱粉を含有すること、及び器物洗浄用洗剤が非イオン性界面活性剤を含有する場合、非イオン性界面活性剤対カチオン性澱粉界面活性剤の重量比が最大で1/1であること及び/又は水性洗浄組成物中の非イオン性界面活性剤の濃度が最大で20ppmであることを特徴とする器物を洗浄する方法。 - カチオン性澱粉が、アンモニウム基、第4級アンモニウム基、グアニジウム基、スルホニウム基及び/又はホスホニウム基に由来するカチオン性基を含有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- カチオン性澱粉が、(3−クロロ−2−ヒドロキシプロピル)トリメチルアンモニウムクロリドで修飾された澱粉である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- カチオン性澱粉が、
カチオン性澱粉を含む洗剤を用いた場合の乾燥時間/カチオン性澱粉を含まない洗剤を用いた場合の乾燥時間
の比に相当し、最大で0.9である平均乾燥係数及び/又は
カチオン性澱粉を含む洗剤を用いた場合の5分後の水滴数/カチオン性澱粉を含まない洗剤を用いた場合の5分後の水滴数
の比に相当し、最大で0.5である平均乾燥係数を実現する、請求項1に記載の方法。 - カチオン性澱粉が、洗剤の0.01%〜50%(w/w)、好ましくは0.1%〜20%(w/w)、より好ましくは0.2〜10%(w/w)、さらにより好ましくは0.5%〜5%(w/w)、最も好ましくは1〜5%(w/w)を占める、請求項1に記載の方法。
- カチオン性澱粉が、水性洗浄組成物中に1〜100ppm、好ましくは2〜50ppm、より好ましくは5〜50ppmの量で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水性洗浄組成物が非イオン性界面活性剤を含有しない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 器物洗浄機が自動の家庭用機械である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 器物洗浄機が自動の業務用機械である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 洗浄工程が、濃縮バージョンの洗剤を添加すること及びその後水性希釈剤により前記洗剤を希釈することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 洗剤及びカチオン性澱粉が個別の製品として洗浄工程に添加される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 器物洗浄用洗剤が、粉末、顆粒状粉末、タブレット、固体ブロックの形態であるか、又は小袋中の粉末及びタブレットの組合せである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 器物洗浄用洗剤が、液体、構造化液体又はゲルの形態である、請求項1に記載の方法。
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