JP2012250159A - Waste water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste water treatment apparatus that can effectively prevent granules from flowing out from a reactor.SOLUTION: The waste water treatment apparatus includes: a reactor main unit 21 that has an introduction opening in the bottom thereof; waste water supply means 2, 3 and L1 that supply waste water into the reactor main unit through the introduction opening to form a rising flow of the waste water in the reactor main unit; a granule unit 22 that feeds anaerobic microorganisms into the water in the reactor main unit and precipitate the anaerobic microorganisms to form a fluidized bed of granules comprising anaerobic microorganisms staying in the lower part of the reactor main unit; a carrier part 25 that is disposed above the granule part in the reactor body and has a carrier capable of supporting anaerobic microbes; treated water discharge means 27, L2 that discharge treated water to above the carrier part; and gas-solid-liquid separation parts 10, 10A-10F, 11, 11A, 12, 16, 20, 50 and 51 that separate the granules, suspended substances and gas sticking thereupon.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus using an anaerobic reactor that purifies organic wastewater such as sewage, rural village wastewater, and factory wastewater with anaerobic microorganisms.

  For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have proposed wastewater treatment apparatuses that use anaerobic microorganisms as means for purifying sewage. As shown in FIG. 8, in the conventional waste water treatment apparatus using anaerobic microorganisms, the waste water from the raw water supply source 1 is introduced into the bottom of the anaerobic reactor 121 through the water piping line L 1 by driving the pump 2. . The pumped wastewater is charged into the anaerobic reactor 121 and comes into contact with anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic microorganism granule 122 that settles and stays in the lower part of the reactor. Organic pollutants are decomposed. As described in paragraph [0044] of Patent Document 1, this decomposition reaction is carried out by converting organic organic pollutants into acid-fermenting bacteria in anaerobic microorganisms according to the following formula (1), such as fatty acids and amino acids. Is broken down into Furthermore, fatty acids, amino acids and the like are decomposed to acetic acid according to the following formula (2) by acid-fermenting bacteria. Moreover, acetic acid is decomposed into methane and carbon dioxide according to the following formula (3) by methane fermentation bacteria in anaerobic microorganisms.

Organic pollutants (polymeric carbohydrates, fats, proteins) * [acid-fermenting bacteria]
→ Fatty acid, amino acid (R-COOH, RCHNH ₂ COOH) (1)
Fatty acid * [acid-fermenting bacteria] → acetic acid (CH ₃ COOH) (2)
Acetic acid * [methane-fermenting bacteria] → methane (CH ₄ ) + carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) (3)
Furthermore, the decomposed water moves up the first supernatant 123 and comes into contact with the anaerobic microorganism carrier 125, which is a string-like contact material having a core at the center. In this carrier part 125, the granule of the anaerobic microorganism granule part 122 is broken or a minute granule is generated, and these parts rise and come into contact with each other. It is attached and fixed to the surface. The anaerobic microorganisms fixed to the carrier 125 and the organic pollutant remaining in the water come into contact again, whereby the remaining organic pollutant is decomposed and further purified. The water subjected to the anaerobic microorganism treatment is sequentially discharged from the anaerobic reactor 121 through the overflow section 127 and the water pipe L2 to the treatment apparatus 4 in the next step.

JP 2009-028720 A, paragraph 0044 JP 2008-029993 A

  However, the conventional apparatus of Patent Document 1 has the following disadvantages.

  (i) Gas adheres to suspended solids derived from granule or raw water, and the specific gravity is reduced, so that granules and suspended solids are likely to flow out of the reactor system (deteriorating treated water quality).

  The anaerobic microorganism granule part 122 has a sedimentation velocity of 1 to 20 m / hour or more because the granule (particle diameter 1 to 10 mm) has an upward flow velocity equal to or lower than the sedimentation rate. It does not float upward from 122. In addition, even if the granule is broken to become minute granules (particle diameter: 0.1 to 1 mm), it becomes smaller than the sedimentation speed, but the anaerobic microorganism carrier part 125 disposed above the anaerobic reactor 121. Since it is adhered and fixed to the surface of the carrier, the amount that normally passes through the carrier part 125 and flows further upward is small.

  However, when the reaction of the above formulas (1) to (3) is promoted in the anaerobic microorganism granule portion 22, a large amount of methane gas and CO2 gas is generated, and these gases are converted into anaerobic microorganism granules and A large amount adheres to the surface of the SS derived from raw water remaining undecomposed at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor. Further, a large amount of the same gas is generated in the fine granules adhered and fixed to the surface of the anaerobic microorganism carrier portion 25, and this gas adheres to the surface of the fine granules.

  Due to the large amount of gas adhering to these granule, fine granule, and floating water derived from raw water, they have a low specific gravity, so they have buoyancy, the sedimentation rate decreases, and the ascending linear velocity is 0.01 It becomes very large as ˜1 m / sec (36 to 3600 m / h). In this way, when the rising linear velocity increases, it is not attached and fixed to the anaerobic microorganism carrier part 25 but flows out above the anaerobic reactor 21 and eventually flows out in the anaerobic reactor treated water 3. FIG. 9 schematically shows these actions. The suspended particles 30 derived from normal granules and raw water come into contact with and fixed to the surface of the carrier string portion 125c having the carrier core 125b. On the other hand, the gas adhering granules and adhering suspended solids 32 adhering a large amount of methane gas have a high ascending linear velocity as described above and come into contact with the surface of the carrier string portion 125c, but rise due to gas buoyancy. Due to the high linear velocity, it was not attached and fixed to the surface, but passed and further raised and flowed out.

  Therefore, as described above, the gas adhesion granules and the suspended substances 32 flow out of the reactor system, causing the following problems.

  (A) By reducing the amount of the anaerobic microorganism granule part 22 in the anaerobic reactor 21, the amount of acid-fermenting bacteria and methane-fermenting bacteria is reduced, the reaction of the above formula (1) is suppressed, and such organic pollution Substance purification treatment also deteriorates, and the quality of the anaerobic reactor treated water deteriorates.

  (B) The floating organic pollutant derived from the raw water flows out before being decomposed (solubilized) by the hydrolysis reaction process of the formula (1), so that it flows out untreated, and the anaerobic reactor treated water. The quality of treated water deteriorates.

  In the conventional apparatus of Patent Document 2, a gas-solid liquid separation zone is formed at the center of the reactor, and a circulation line is provided for returning the waste water in the reactor above the gas-solid liquid separation zone to the lower part of the reactor together with the granule. To prevent the outflow of the system outside the system. However, it is difficult to catch methane gas adhering granules and gas adhering suspended solids having a high ascending linear velocity by such a circulation line, and the circulation line of this conventional apparatus alone sufficiently prevents the outflow of granules and suspended substances. I can't do it.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus that can effectively prevent granules and suspended substances from flowing out of the system.

  A waste water treatment apparatus according to the present invention supplies a reactor main body having an inlet at the bottom, and waste water to be treated into the reactor main body through the inlet, and the upward flow of the waste water is supplied in the reactor main body. An anaerobic microorganism is charged into the reactor main body to be formed and agglomerated and settled, so that granules comprising the anaerobic microorganism aggregates stay in the lower part of the reactor main body and flow. A granule part forming a floor, a carrier part disposed above the granule part in the reactor main body and having a carrier capable of supporting the anaerobic microorganisms, and discharged treated water above the carrier part Treated water discharge means, gas adhesion granules to which gas generated under anaerobic conditions in the reactor main body is adhered, and the gas floats in the waste water. When the gas-adhered floating substance adhering to the substance moves in the reactor body along with the upward flow of the waste water, the gas-adhered granules and the gas-adhered floating substance do not come into contact with the carrier. In this way, the reactor body is partitioned from the carrier part, the gas adhering granules and the gas adhering suspended solids are guided above the carrier part, and floated on the water surface in the reactor body, And a gas-solid-liquid separation unit that separates the adhering gas from the granule and separates the adhering gas from the suspended substance.

  Terms used in the present specification are defined as follows.

  “Granule” refers to a bacterial aggregate in which anaerobic filamentous methane bacteria are intertwined into a granular shape with a diameter of several millimeters. The granule forms a fluidized bed that stays in the lower part of the wastewater treatment device, decomposes soluble organic substances contained in the wastewater, and generates methane gas as a main by-product.

  According to the waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention, even when gas adheres to the granule and floats to the upper part, the anaerobic microorganism granule part in the anaerobic reactor is allowed to flow out of the reactor system without causing the granule to flow out of the reactor system. And anaerobic microorganisms such as acid-fermenting bacteria and methane-fermenting bacteria attached to the surface of the anaerobic microorganism carrier part can be maintained at a high concentration.

  Further, by preventing the floating water derived from the raw water from flowing out, the water can be accumulated in the anaerobic reactor for a long time and decomposed by the anaerobic microorganisms, thereby enabling stable water treatment operation without deteriorating the treated water.

The block diagram which shows the waste water treatment equipment which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram for demonstrating the motion of the granule in this invention apparatus. The block diagram which shows the waste water treatment equipment which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the waste water treatment equipment which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the waste water treatment equipment which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the waste water treatment equipment which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the waste water treatment equipment which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the conventional waste water treatment equipment. The schematic diagram for demonstrating the motion of the granule in a conventional apparatus.

  Preferred modes for carrying out the present invention will be described below.

  (1) The waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention supplies a reactor main body having an inlet at the bottom, and waste water to be treated into the reactor main body through the inlet, and the waste water rises in the reactor main body. Waste water supply means for forming a flow and anaerobic microorganisms are put into the reactor body, aggregated, and settled, so that granules composed of aggregates of the anaerobic microorganisms stay in the lower part of the reactor body. A granule part that forms a fluidized bed, a carrier part that is disposed above the granule part in the reactor main body and has a carrier capable of supporting the anaerobic microorganisms, and treated water above the carrier part. Treated water discharge means, gas adhesion granules to which gas generated under anaerobic conditions in the reactor main body, and the gas in the waste water When the gas adhering floating substance adhering to the play substance moves in the reactor body along with the upward flow of the waste water, the gas adhering granules and the gas adhering floating substance come into contact with the carrier. So as not to be separated from the carrier part in the reactor body, to guide the gas adhering granules and the gas adhering suspended matter above the carrier part, and float on the water surface in the reactor body, A gas-solid-liquid separation unit that separates the adhering gas from the granule and separates the adhering gas from the suspended substance.

  In the apparatus of the present invention, the gas and solid-liquid separation part separates the moving path of the granules and suspended solids (SS) from the carrier part, so that the gas adhesion granules and the gas adhesion SS do not come into contact with the carrier, Along with the upward flow, it floats up to the liquid surface portion and is stirred at the liquid surface portion without overflowing, and the adhered gas is separated from the granules and SS. The gas detachment granules and the gas detachment SS return to the original specific gravity larger than the specific gravity of water, and therefore settle to the lower part of the reactor main body (FIG. 2). In this sedimentation process, the gas separation granules and SS settle to the granule portion through the sedimentation path without coming into contact with the carrier, so that the carrier portion is not clogged. In this way, granule outflow from the reactor body is effectively prevented.

  (2) In the above (1), it is preferable that the gas-solid-liquid separation part is disposed below the carrier part. Most of the gas adhering granules and gas adhering suspended substances are first recovered in the gas-solid-liquid separation part in the process of rising in the reactor body, and the adhering gas is released from the granules. Although only a small part rises from the measurement on the outside of the lower conical part 11, the amount is small compared to the case where no gas-solid-liquid separation part is installed, and is captured by the effect of the carrier installation. Therefore, most of the outflow of granules and suspended solids from the reactor main body can be prevented.

  (3) In any one of the above (1) or (2), the gas-solid separation unit is arranged in parallel to the side of the carrier part, and the gas-adhesive granules and gas-adherent suspended solids pass through so as not to contact the carrier Surrounding the path forming members 12 and 20 that form a flowing path and the water surface that is disposed above the carrier part and that floats the gas adhering granules and the gas adhering suspended substances that have passed through the path member from the surroundings. The liquid surface enclosing member 16 (external cylindrical tube) prevents the gas adhering granule and the gas adhering floating substance from flowing out of the reactor main body and promotes the separation of the adhering gas from the granule and the floating substance. It is preferable that the upper portion of the substrate is at a position higher than the water surface) (FIGS. 1, 3 to 7). Since the path formed by the path forming member is separated from the carrier part, the gas adhering granules and suspended substances do not come into contact with the carrier of the carrier part and are not trapped, but rise (floating) and descend (sink). As a result, the outflow of granules and suspended solids from the reactor body is effectively prevented. In addition, the liquid surface enclosing member isolates the gas adhering granules and the floating water surface of the suspended solids from the surrounding liquid surface, so that the floating granules and suspended solids will not overflow and flow out at the liquid surface. Stirring promotes the separation of granules and the attached gas.

  (4) In the above (3), the path forming member includes an inner cylinder 20 that forms a settling path for returning the gas detachment granules from which the attached gas has separated and the gas detachment suspended substances to the granule portion, and the inner cylinder. It is preferable to have an outer cylinder 12 that forms an ascending path for raising gas adhering granules and gas adhering suspended substances between the inner cylinder and the surrounding cylinder, and the liquid level enclosing member 16 is an outer cylinder 12 It is preferable that the liquid is continuously disposed on the top of the reactor body and surrounds a part of the liquid surface portion 15 in the reactor main body (FIGS. 3 to 7). By using a double tube structure that combines the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 16, the gas adhering granules and suspended solids rise and rise to the liquid surface, and the gas release granules and suspended solids settle. Thus, the sedimentation path that settles down to the granule part is made a separate path, and the sedimentation speed of the gas separation granules and suspended solids can be increased.

  (5) In any one of the above (1) to (4), the gas-solid-liquid separator preferably has an outflow prevention structure projecting from the inner peripheral surface of the reactor body toward the center (FIGS. 4 to 5). 6). Due to the first outflow prevention structure, the upward flow and downward flow of the granules in the central portion of the reactor main body do not interfere with contact with the carrier portion. Further, the second and third outflow prevention structures 50 and 51 prevent the granule upward flow from entering the carrier portion through a slight gap at the inner peripheral edge of the reactor body.

  (6) In any one of the above (3) to (5), it is preferable that the gas-solid-liquid separation unit is arranged at the upper part of the carrier part (FIG. 7), or arranged at the upper part and lower part of the carrier part It is preferable (combination of FIGS. 7 and 8). When treating sewage containing a large amount of suspended solids (SS), SS has a very low specific gravity, so a part of it is formed by the lower end of the outflow prevention structure 11 arranged at the lower part of the carrier part and the inner peripheral wall of the reactor body 21a. Ascends as it passes through the gap and floats up to the uppermost liquid surface part 15 or reaches the liquid surface part 15 as a gas adhesion SS with methane gas adhered at the granule part 22 or the carrier part 14. To do. These floating SSs may be discharged out of the system together with the anaerobic reactor treated water through the liquid surface part 15, the overflow part 27, and the water piping line L2. Thus, when wastewater such as sewage containing a large amount of SS is treated, the outflow prevention structure 11A is further prevented by disposing the outflow prevention structure 11A above the carrier portion.

  (7) In any one of the above (1) to (6), it is desirable to further include an aerobic reactor that receives treated water discharged from the reactor main body by the treated water discharge means and treats it with aerobic microorganisms ( FIG. 6). First, wastewater is anaerobically treated with anaerobic microorganism granules in an anaerobic reactor, followed by anaerobic treatment of anaerobic treated water with anaerobic microorganisms in an aerobic reactor, thereby efficiently purifying organic wastewater such as sewage at low cost. It can be treated and can easily meet the wastewater standards regulated by law.

  Hereinafter, various embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The wastewater treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a raw water supply source 2, a pump 3, an anaerobic reactor 21, and an anaerobic treated water receiving unit 4. The raw water supply source 2 is a facility for temporarily storing the inflowing wastewater as organic wastewater such as sewage flows from a wastewater generation source (not shown). The outlet of the raw water supply source 2 and the inlet of the bottom of the anaerobic reactor 21 are connected via a piping line L1, and the drainage is introduced from the raw water supply source 2 through the line L1 to the bottom of the anaerobic reactor 21 by driving the pump 3. It has come to be. Further, the upper outlet of the anaerobic reactor 21 and the anaerobic treated water receiving unit 4 are connected via the piping line L2, and the anaerobic treated water overflowing into the overflow section 27 passes from the anaerobic reactor 21 through the line L2 to the next step. The anaerobic treated water receiving unit 4 is supplied to the upper part. Further, the uppermost discharge port of the anaerobic reactor 21 is connected to a methane gas processing device or a methane gas recovery and utilization device (not shown) via a piping line L3, and methane gas is fed from the gas phase portion 28 of the anaerobic reactor 21 by driving a pump (not shown). It is discharged to the methane gas processing device or the methane gas recovery and utilization device through the line L3.

  The anaerobic reactor 21 has a reactor main body 21a having a conical lower portion and a cylindrical main body. The above-described drainage introduction port is provided at the lowermost part of the conical lower portion of the reactor main body 21a. The upper part of the reactor main body 21a is closed and the inside is sealed.

  An overflow section 27 is provided in the upper part of the reactor main body 21a so that treated water exceeding the water level of the liquid surface section 15 overflows from the overflow section 27 and flows into the anaerobic treated water receiving section 4 through the discharge line L2. It has become. The anaerobic treated water receiving unit 4 corresponds to a part of equipment for performing the process of the next process, and is an aerobic reactor having aerobic microorganisms, for example.

  A carrier part 14 is provided on the upper part of the reactor main body 21a. The carrier part 14 has a large number of string-like contact members 13 that are suspended and supported at intervals from each other by a carrier support part 24 arranged immediately below the overflow part 27. These string-like contact materials 13 are provided with a large number of carriers 25 carrying predetermined anaerobic microorganisms.

  The lower part of the reactor main body 21a is filled with about 1/4 (about 25%) of the anaerobic microorganism effective volume (water volume at the time of full water) of the anaerobic reactor granule, Is formed. The anaerobic microorganism granule unit 22 is a unit in which a predetermined anaerobic microorganism is introduced into the reactor main body 21a, precipitated, and agglomerated to produce a desired fluidized bed of granules 30. Further, when water containing floating pollutant substances such as sewage is used as raw water, suspended substances (SS) flowing into the granule portion 21 through the pipe L1 also accumulate in this portion. The anaerobic microbial granules 30 in the granule part 22 and the suspended solids having a large specific gravity are larger in the specific gravity than water, so that they stay in the waste water at the bottom of the reactor main body 21a to form a fluidized bed. When methane gas or carbon dioxide gas generated according to the above formula (3) adheres to the surface when the components are decomposed by methane fermentation bacteria, it becomes gas adhesion granules and gas adhesion suspended solids 32, and the specific gravity is smaller than water, It floats on the rising flow of the internal wastewater and easily flows out of the reactor system. However, since the apparatus of the present invention has a gas-solid-liquid separation unit (see FIG. 2) described later, the attached gas 31 can be efficiently separated and the outflow of granules and suspended solids into the treated water can be prevented.

  The reactor main body 21a is provided with an outflow prevention structure 10 as a gas-solid-liquid separation unit. The outflow prevention structure 10 is disposed so as to be positioned above the granule portion 22 in the reactor main body 21a, and prevents the outflow of granules and suspended substances 30 out of the reactor system. The outflow prevention structure 10 includes a lower conical part 11, an upper cylindrical part 12, and a liquid level enclosing member 16 disposed at the lower part of the carrier part 14. The lower conical portion 11 has a conical shape that expands in the downward direction, and is located immediately above the granule portion 22 and directly below the carrier portion 14. That is, the lower cone portion 11 is disposed in a space sandwiched between the granule portion 22 and the carrier portion 14. The large diameter portion of the lower conical portion 11 is a cylindrical portion of the reactor main body 21a in order to reduce the gap between the lower conical portion 11 and the reactor main body 21a and prevent gas adhering granules and suspended substances 32 from entering the carrier portion 14. Slightly smaller than the inner diameter of

  The upper cylindrical portion 12 has a lower end opening that communicates with the central portion of the lower conical portion 11, passes through the central portion of the carrier portion 14, and reaches the upper liquid surface portion 15. Furthermore, the upper end portion of the upper cylindrical portion 12 is continuous with the liquid level enclosing member 16. The liquid level enclosing member 16 is provided so as to protrude upward from the liquid level part 15, and the upper end thereof is positioned higher than the height level of the liquid level part 15. The upper cylindrical portion 12 forms a granule and floating substance movement path that doubles as a path 17 through which the gas adhering granules and suspended substances 32 ascend and a path 19 through which the gas separation granules and suspended substances 30 settle. Further, the liquid surface surrounding member 16 forms a path 18 (see FIG. 2) through which the adhering gas 31 is separated from the granules and the suspended substance 30 by the stirring action.

  A gas phase portion 28 having a predetermined space is formed at the top of the anaerobic reactor 21. The gas phase portion 28 and the liquid surface portion 15 immediately below the gas phase portion 28 are continuous, and methane gas bubbles floating on the liquid surface portion 15 are opened to the gas phase portion 28. Further, the gas phase section 28 communicates with a methane gas processing device (not shown) or a methane gas recovery device (not shown) via the uppermost outlet of the anaerobic reactor 21 and the gas discharge line L3.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in the drawing, the inner diameter of the liquid level enclosing member 16 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper cylindrical portion 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the inner diameter of the liquid level enclosing member 16 is The inner diameter of the upper cylindrical portion 12 can be made larger. As a result, the area of the liquid surface portion 15 surrounded by the liquid surface enclosing member 16 increases, so that the adhering gas 31 is detached from the gas adhering granules and floating substances 32 floating on the liquid surface portion 15 as shown in FIG. There is a merit that it becomes easy to do.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  The sewage is introduced into the bottom of the anaerobic reactor main body 21 a from the raw water supply source 2 through the drainage supply line L 1 by driving the pump 3, and anaerobic in the anaerobic microorganism granule unit 22 that is put into the anaerobic reactor 21. The organic pollutant in the sewage is decomposed by the microorganism granules 30 according to the reactions of the above formulas (1) to (3), and the waste water is purified.

  As shown in FIG. 2, after the decomposition / purification treatment, a part of the granules 30 in the anaerobic microorganism granule portion 22 is formed with a large amount of bubbled methane gas 31 adhering to the surface thereof and the gas adhesion granules 32. Become. When water containing floating contaminants such as sewage is used as raw water, suspended solids (SS) flowing in through the pipe L1 are also accumulated in the granule part 21, and some of them are gas-adhered floating substances. Become. Further, since the specific gravity of the gas adhering granule and the suspended solid 32 is lower than that of water, the rising linear velocity is very high, and the gas adhering granule and the suspended solid 32 are collected in the upper cylindrical portion 12 via the lower conical portion 11 and are collected. It reaches the liquid level part 15 at the upper part of the anaerobic reactor 21 through the rising path 17 in the part 12 and floats on the liquid level. In the liquid surface portion 15, the gas adhering granules and the suspended substance 32 are agitated by the stirring reaction in the liquid surface portion 15, and the gas and liquid with the atmosphere of the gas phase portion 28 in the liquid surface portion 15 or the path 18 immediately below the liquid surface. Contact occurs, and the attached methane gas 31 is detached from the granules and suspended solids 30. By the separation of the adhering gas 31, the gas separation granule and the suspended solid 30 return to the original specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of water 1.0. The methane gas 31 separated from the granules and the suspended solids 30 is temporarily stored in the gas phase portion 28, and the gas phase portion 28 is opened by opening a valve (not shown) of the line L3 periodically or as necessary. Is discharged to the above-described methane gas processing device or methane gas recovery and utilization device and detoxified by the methane gas processing device, or used as an electrical energy source or thermal energy source by the methane gas recovery and utilization device.

  Next, the gas separation granules and the suspended solids 30 that have returned to their original specific gravity settle through the sedimentation path 19 at the original sedimentation speed, and settle on the granule section 22 below the anaerobic reactor.

  On the other hand, the purified treated water passes through the gap between the lowermost end of the lower conical part 11 of the outflow prevention structure 10 and the inside of the side surface of the anaerobic reactor 21, and then enters the side part of the outflow prevention structure 10. It floats and moves in the arranged anaerobic microorganism carrier part 14, and further passes through the liquid level part 15, the overflow part 27, and the discharge line L2 in order, and is discharged from the anaerobic reactor 21 as anaerobic reactor treated water. 4 (eg aerobic reactor).

  In addition, the granules and the suspended solids 30 that have risen from the outside of the gas-solid-liquid separation unit without passing through the gas-solid-liquid separation unit pass through the gap in the anaerobic microorganism carrier unit 25, and thus the anaerobic microorganism carrier unit. It contacts with the string-like contact material 13 in 14. As a result, the granules and suspended substances 30 are trapped on the surface of the string-like contact material 13, and the granules 30 remain inside the anaerobic reactor 21 without being accompanied by the treated water and flowing out of the reactor system.

  The effects of this embodiment are listed below.

  (1) Installation and maintenance are easy with the adoption of a simple structure for preventing outflow.

  Since the outflow prevention structure 10 is composed of a single plate in which the lower conical part 11 and the upper cylindrical part 12 are integrated, there is an advantage that a simple structure such as hanging from the upper part may be used. In addition, by adopting such a hanging structure spill prevention structure 10, when the spill prevention structure 10 is damaged or the inside of the reactor body becomes dirty, maintenance or cleaning becomes necessary. Even in such a case, by opening the lid on the top of the reactor 21, the outflow prevention structure 10 can be pulled out from the inside of the reactor, and work such as cleaning outside the reactor can be facilitated.

  (2) Use of a string-like contact material for the anaerobic microorganism carrier part makes installation and maintenance easy.

  Similarly to the effect (1), the anaerobic microorganism carrier portion 14 has a structure in which the string-like contact material 13 is suspended from the upper portion, so that installation and maintenance are facilitated. Moreover, since the said string-like contact material 13 is easy to capture | acquire the granule 30 by the string-like structure, it can further promote the outflow prevention of the granule 30 out of the reactor system.

  Note that the carrier is not limited to a string shape, and an upper portion and a lower portion of the anaerobic microorganism carrier portion are separated by a mesh, and a plastic carrier having a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, a square shape, or the like spread between them is used. May be.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, description of the part which this embodiment is in common with said embodiment is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 </ b> A of this embodiment, the outflow prevention structure 10 </ b> A includes an outer cylinder 12 and an inner cylinder 20 having a double pipe structure. The inner cylinder 20 is inserted into the outer cylinder 12, the upper end opens to the liquid surface portion 15, the lower end opens to the space immediately above the granule portion 22, and the settling path 41d in which the gas release granule 30 settles. It is the path | route formation member which forms. The inner cylinder 20 is connected to and integrated with the outflow prevention structure 10A by a connecting member (not shown).

  The outer cylinder 12 is a path forming member that surrounds the periphery of the inner cylinder 20 and forms an ascending path 41 b in which the gas adhesion granules and the suspended solids 32 ascend with the inner cylinder 20. The upper end portion of the outer cylinder 12 is continuous with the liquid surface enclosing member 16 having substantially the same diameter.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  The methane gas adhering granules and suspended substances 32 are collected by the buoyancy of the adhering methane gas 31 to the lower conical part 11 of the outflow prevention structure 10A, and pass from the path 41a through the path 41b of the outer cylinder 12 to the uppermost liquid surface part 15. Reach up to. In the liquid surface portion 15 surrounded by the liquid surface surrounding member 16, the gas adhering granules and suspended substances 32 (black circles in the figure) that have reached the liquid surface portion 15 through the ascending path 41b are stirred in the stirring path 41c. As a result, the adhering gas is released from the granule, flows into the inner cylinder 20 as a gas separation granule and suspended matter 30 (white circle in the figure), settles through the sedimentation path 41d, and enters the granule portion 22 at the lower part of the reactor. Precipitate.

  The effect of this embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, by adopting a double tube structure composed of the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 20, the upward flow of the methane gas adhering granules and the suspended matter 32, and the downward flow of the methane gas separation granules and the suspended matter 107, It is possible to divide the gas into separate channels, promote the gas-liquid separation reaction between the granule and methane gas, and reduce methane gas adhering granules and suspended solids. By fixing to the microbial granule 22 and the suspended solids staying in the anaerobic reactor for a long time, the degradation by the anaerobic microorganisms progresses gradually, preventing deterioration of the treated water and decomposing suspended matter (methane gasification). There is a merit that it is promoted.

  Further, by connecting and integrating the inner cylinder 20 with the outflow prevention structure 10A, there is a merit that installation and maintenance are facilitated as a suspended structure from above.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, description of the part which this embodiment is in common with said embodiment is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the waste water treatment apparatus 1B of the present embodiment, a second outflow prevention structure 50 is separately provided below the outflow prevention structure 10B. The second outflow prevention structure 50 is formed of an annular member having a triangular cross section protruding from the inner peripheral wall of the reactor main body 21a, and a slight gap between the lower cone portion 11 of the outflow prevention structure 10B and the reactor main body 21a. This prevents gas adhering granules and suspended substances 32 from entering the carrier portion 14 through the gap.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the gas adhesion granules and suspended substances 32 that are about to enter the carrier portion 14 through the path 41f between the lower cone portion 11 of the outflow prevention structure 10B and the reactor main body 21a are secondly prevented from flowing out. The structure 50 can prevent the gas adhesion granules and the floating substance 32 from flowing out more effectively.

  The effect of this embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, since the path 41f is inhibited by the second outflow prevention structure 50, the granules and the suspended solids 32 present at the peripheral edge of the anaerobic microorganism granule portion 22 rise as they are and flow out. It is possible to prevent outflow to the outside of the prevention structure 10A, and it is possible to prevent a small amount of granules and suspended substances from flowing out, and anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic microorganism granule portion 22 more than the above. While maintaining the concentration high, there is a merit that the deterioration of the treated water quality due to the outflow of suspended solids can be prevented.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, description of the part which this embodiment is in common with said embodiment is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 </ b> C of the present embodiment, a third outflow prevention structure 51 is further arranged in parallel with the lower cone 11 below the lower cone 11 of the outflow prevention structure 10 </ b> C. ing.

  The effect of this embodiment will be described.

  In the absence of the third outflow prevention structure 51, the flow of the descending path 41e and the flow of the ascending path 41g collide as shown in FIG. 4, so that the upward flow like the path 41h shown in FIG. May be bent. When the bent path 41h is generated, there is a possibility that a part of the granule and the suspended substance flows out of the outflow prevention structure 10C through the path 41h. However, in the apparatus 1C of the present embodiment, the third outflow prevention structure 51 is arranged, so that the path 41h is blocked by the third outflow prevention structure 51 and becomes the flow of the path 41a. To move on. Therefore, it is possible to further prevent the outflow of granules and suspended solids.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, description of the part which this embodiment is in common with said embodiment is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 </ b> D of the present embodiment, an aerobic reactor 60 is disposed at the subsequent stage of the anaerobic reactor 21. The upper part of the aerobic reactor 60 is connected to the discharge port of the anaerobic reactor 21 through a line L2 using anaerobic reactor treated water as raw water. A carrier support 61 is provided on the aerobic reactor 60. An aerobic microorganism carrier 62 that is a string-like contact material is suspended from the carrier support 61. A lower gap 63 is disposed below the carrier 62, and an aerobic reactor treated water tank 64 is connected to the side surface via a water piping line L4.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  The anaerobic reactor 21 purifies organic pollutants in the sewage 1 in the anaerobic microorganism granule unit 22 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 and adheres and bonds methane gas to these granules and suspended substances. Even when it rises due to buoyancy, the outflow prevention structure 10D prevents the outflow of granules and suspended matter, and the purification process is performed by the anaerobic microorganism carrier part 14. This anaerobic reactor treated water is supplied from the anaerobic reactor 21 through the line L4 to the upper carrier support 61 of the aerobic reactor 60 and the aerobic microorganism carrier 62 having a string-like contact material. Due to aerobic microorganisms adhering to the string-like contact material, organic pollutants remaining in the anaerobic reactor treated water and dissolved hydrogen sulfide generated by sulfate-reducing bacteria, which is one of the anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic reactor 21. Is decomposed and purified according to the reactions of the following equations (4) and (5).

Organic pollutant + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water ((CxHyOz) + (x + y / 4-z / 2) O ₂ → xCO ₂ + y / 2 H ₂ O) (4)
Hydrogen sulfide + oxygen → sulfuric acid + hydrogen ion (H ₂ S + 2O ₂ → SO ₄ + 2H ⁺ ) (5)
The effect of this embodiment will be described.

  Since not only the anaerobic reactor 21 but also the aerobic reactor 60 is used to finish the organic pollutant as shown in the above formula (4), aerobic treated water from which the organic pollutant is almost removed can be obtained. It has the merit that it can greatly contribute to water quality conservation of rivers, lakes and sewers. Further, since the aerobic reactor 60 uses a string-like contact material as the aerobic microorganism carrier part 62, an SS component (Suspended Solids, suspended matter) contained in sewage, an anaerobic reactor is formed on the surface of the contact material. Even if microbes or bacterial groups of anaerobic microorganisms in 21 flow out due to a decrease in the growth rate or death due to fluctuations in load or mixing of inhibitors in sewage, this aerobic reactor Since it is bound and captured by the string-like contact material in the 60 aerobic microorganism carrier parts 62, there is also an advantage that the quality of the treated water can be maintained well without flowing into the aerobic reactor treated water.

  In this embodiment, a string-like carrier is used as an example for both the aerobic reactor and the anaerobic reactor. However, this carrier may be any carrier as long as microorganisms are easily attached. In particular, it may be a cylindrical, spherical or square plastic carrier commercially available for water treatment.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, description of the part which this embodiment is in common with said embodiment is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 </ b> E of the present embodiment, an outflow prevention structure 10 </ b> E is provided above the carrier part 14. The anaerobic microbial carrier part 14 is arranged on the upper part of the anaerobic microbial granule part 22 arranged in the lower part of the anaerobic reactor 21, and the lower conical part 101b and the upper cylindrical part 12b are disposed on the upper part of the anaerobic microbial carrier part 104b. An outflow prevention structure 10E is provided. In this outflow prevention structure 10E, the inner cylinder 20 is vertically oriented from the center part of the upper cylindrical part 16 as a liquid level enclosing member to the lower part of the anaerobic microorganism carrier part 14 and the upper part of the anaerobic microorganism granule part 22. It is arranged in. The movement path of the water flow has a path 41j to a path 41m.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described.

  In the same manner as described above, the methane gas adhering granules and the floating particles pass through the anaerobic microorganism granule part 22 by the upward flow of the sewage, and sequentially pass through the path 41i, the anaerobic microorganism carrier part 14, the path 41k or the path 41j. The substance 32 reaches the liquid surface part 15 where the methane gas adhering by gas-liquid separation is released to become the methane gas release granule and the suspended substance 30. The gas detachment granules and suspended substances 30 are further settled through a path 41 m in the inner cylinder 20 and returned to the anaerobic microorganism granule portion 22.

  In the anaerobic microorganism carrier part 14, anaerobic microorganisms attached to the carrier cause a decomposition reaction of organic substances that could not be decomposed by the granule part 22 of the anaerobic reactor. Methane gas is also generated during this decomposition process. In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the gas generated in the carrier portion may cause the granules and suspended substances attached to the carrier to peel off, possibly deteriorating the treated water.

  As an effect of installing the gas-solid-liquid separation unit on the upper part of the carrier, there is an advantage that the suspended matter or granules adhering to the carrier can be prevented from peeling off and flowing out together with the gas.

  As another effect, since the inner pipe 20 is provided, the gas separation granule and the suspended substance 32 can be anaerobic only by the reverse water flow at the top of the inner pipe 20 without using the power of a pump or the like. It becomes possible to return to the sex microorganism granule part 22.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E ... Waste water treatment equipment,
2 ... Raw water supply source, 3 ... Pump, 4 ... Anaerobic treated water receiving part (post-treatment treatment tank),
10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E ... Outflow prevention structure (gas-solid-liquid separation part),
11 ... Lower cone part (first outflow prevention structure, gas-solid-liquid separation part),
11A ... Upper cone part (gas-solid-liquid separation part),
12 ... outer cylinder (ascending path forming member, first outflow prevention structure, gas-solid-liquid separator),
13 ... String-like contact material, 14 ... Carrier part, 15 ... Liquid surface part,
16 ... Liquid level enclosing member (gas-solid-liquid separator),
17 ... Movement path of gas adhesion granules (upward path),
18 ... Movement path of gas separation granule (stirring separation path),
19 ... Movement path (sedimentation path) of gas separation granule,
20 ... Inner cylinder (sedimentation path forming member, first outflow prevention structure, gas-solid-liquid separator),
21 ... Anaerobic reactor, 21a ... Reactor body,
22 ... Granule part,
24 ... carrier support,
25 ... carrier,
27 ... Overflow section,
30 ... Granules and suspended solids (gas release granules and suspended solids),
31 ... Gas (methane gas, carbon dioxide gas),
32 ... Gas adhesion granules and gas adhesion suspended solids,
41a-41e, 41f, 41g, 41h, 41j-41n ... granule and suspended matter transfer path,
50 ... second outflow prevention structure (gas-solid-liquid separation part),
51. Third outflow prevention structure (gas-solid-liquid separator),
60 ... aerobic reactor, 61 ... carrier support, 62 ... aerobic microorganism carrier,
63 ... lower void part, 64 ... aerobic reactor treated water tank.

Claims (7)

A reactor body having an inlet at the bottom;
Waste water supply means for supplying waste water to be treated into the reactor main body through the inlet, and forming an upward flow of the waste water in the reactor main body,
An anaerobic microorganism is introduced into the reactor main body, aggregated, and settled, so that the granule composed of the anaerobic microorganism aggregates stays in the lower part of the reactor main body to form a fluidized bed. When,
A carrier part that is disposed above the granule part in the reactor body and has a carrier capable of supporting the anaerobic microorganisms;
Treated water discharge means for discharging treated water above the carrier part;
Gas adhering granules in which gas generated under anaerobic conditions in the reactor main body and gas adhering floating substances in which the gas adheres to the floating substances in the waste water are accompanied by an upward flow of the waste water in the reactor main body. When moving in the reactor body, the gas adhering granules and the gas adhering suspended solids are partitioned from the carrier part in the reactor main body so that they do not come into contact with the carrier, and the gas adhering granules are separated. And the gas adhering floating substance are guided above the carrier part, floated on the water surface in the reactor body, and the adhering gas is separated from the granule and the adhering gas is separated from the floating substance. A gas-solid-liquid separator,
A wastewater treatment apparatus comprising:   The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas-solid-liquid separation unit is disposed below the carrier unit. The gas-solid-liquid separator is
A path-forming member that is arranged in parallel to the side of the carrier part and forms a path through which the gas-adhered granules and the gas-adhered floating substance flow so as not to contact the carrier;
The gas adhering granule and the gas adhering floating are disposed so as to be isolated from the surroundings so that the gas adhering granule and the gas adhering floating substance that has passed through the path forming member are floated. A liquid level enclosing member that prevents a substance from flowing out of the reactor main body and promotes separation of the attached gas from the granule and the suspended substance;
The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment apparatus is provided. The path forming member is formed between an inner cylinder that forms a settling path for returning the gas separation granule and the gas separation suspended substance separated from the attached gas to the granule portion, and the inner cylinder that surrounds the inner cylinder. And an outer cylinder that forms an ascending path for raising the gas adhesion granules and the gas adhesion suspended solids,
4. The waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the liquid surface enclosing member is continuously disposed on an upper portion of the outer cylinder and surrounds a part of the liquid surface portion in the reactor main body.   The wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas-solid-liquid separation unit includes an outflow prevention structure projecting from the inner peripheral surface of the reactor main body toward the center.   The waste water treatment according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the gas-solid-liquid separation unit is disposed at an upper part of the carrier part or at an upper part and a lower part of the carrier part. apparatus.   The wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an aerobic reactor that receives treated water discharged from the reactor main body by the treated water discharge means and treats the treated water with an aerobic microorganism. .

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