JP2012228818A - Method for sorting and removing rubber and urethanes from crushed matter - Google Patents

Method for sorting and removing rubber and urethanes from crushed matter Download PDF

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JP2012228818A
JP2012228818A JP2011098328A JP2011098328A JP2012228818A JP 2012228818 A JP2012228818 A JP 2012228818A JP 2011098328 A JP2011098328 A JP 2011098328A JP 2011098328 A JP2011098328 A JP 2011098328A JP 2012228818 A JP2012228818 A JP 2012228818A
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crushed material
rubber
vibrating screen
urethane
added
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JP5782289B2 (en
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Yoshihiro Watanabe
吉博 渡辺
Hirotaka Tagami
博貴 田上
Tomohiro Samukawa
智洋 寒川
Yuya Nishikawa
裕矢 西川
Hiroyuki Shima
洋幸 嶋
Mamoru Shirase
守 白瀬
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ACT-B RECYCLING CO Ltd
Dowa Eco Systems Co Ltd
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ACT-B RECYCLING CO Ltd
Dowa Eco Systems Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that so far a method for extremely efficiently separating and removing the impurities such as the rubber and the urethane from the plastic and metal in the crushed matter which is the demolished waste of refrigerators and air conditioners etc. has not been obtained.SOLUTION: In the method for sorting and removing the rubber from the crushed matter includes steps of: sifting the crushed matter through a first vibrating screen; sifting the crushed matter that has passed through a network of the first vibrating screen, through a second vibrating screen which has finer sieves than the first vibrating screen; separating and removing the rubber and urethanes by applying the crushed matter that has not passed through the network of this screen to a first shape selector; then, separating the crushed matter into heavy specific gravity matter and light specific gravity matter by a specific gravity selector; applying the light specific gravity matter to a high density magnetic separator and absorbing and separating the iron contents; then separating the non-magnetic material by applying the crushed matter to an eddy current sorter; and processing the crushed matter in the plastic crushing part after separating the rubber system materials by applying the crushed matter to a second shape selector.

Description

本発明は破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for selecting and removing rubber and urethane from crushed material.

冷蔵庫、エアコン等の廃棄物を解体処理した破砕物には多くのプラスチック類が含まれるが、リサイクル対象となる回収プラスチックの選別では不純物であるゴム・ウレタン類の含有比率が高く、リサイクルに支障が出てしまうため廃棄物とされることがあった。   The crushed material from dismantling of waste such as refrigerators and air conditioners contains many plastics, but the content of rubber and urethane, which are impurities, is high in the selection of recovered plastics to be recycled, which hinders recycling. It was sometimes discarded because it was released.

このため、ゴム・ウレタン類とその他（プラスチック、金属等）を極めて効率的に分離、除去する方法が切望されている。   For this reason, a method for separating and removing rubber / urethanes and others (plastics, metals, etc.) extremely efficiently is desired.

特許文献１では、水分などの液体成分や非プラスチック成分を含むプラスチック混合物から、プラスチック成分を効率よく高収率で分別処理できるシステムとして、気流を用いることが提案されている。   In Patent Document 1, it is proposed to use an air flow as a system capable of efficiently separating a plastic component at a high yield from a plastic mixture containing a liquid component such as moisture and a non-plastic component.

特開２００５−６６９５２号公報JP 2005-66952 A

しかし、特許文献１に記載の技術では、プラスチック成分には依然として比重の近いゴム・ウレタン類が含まれてしまうという問題があった。   However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has a problem in that the plastic component still contains rubber / urethane having a similar specific gravity.

本発明の目的は破砕物中のプラスチックや金属からゴム・ウレタン類を効率よく選別，除去する方法を得ることにある。   An object of the present invention is to obtain a method for efficiently selecting and removing rubbers and urethanes from plastics and metals in crushed materials.

本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法は、破砕物を第１の振動ふるいに加え、この第１の振動ふるいの網目を通過した破砕物を上記第１の振動ふるいより目の細かい第２の振動ふるいに加え、このふるいの網目を通過しない破砕物を第１の形状選別機に加えてゴム・ウレタン類を分離，除去し、次いで比重選別機によって重比重物と軽比重物に分離し、この軽比重物を高密度磁選機に加えてこれから鉄分を吸着，分離し、次いで破砕物を渦電流選別機に加えてこれから非磁性体を分離し、更にこの破砕物を第２の形状選別機に加えてこれからゴム系材料を分離せしめた後、プラスチック破砕部で処理せしめることを特徴とする。   According to the method for selecting and removing rubber / urethane from the crushed material of the present invention, the crushed material is added to the first vibrating screen, and the crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the first vibrating screen is removed from the first vibrating screen. In addition to the fine second vibration sieve, the crushed material that does not pass through the sieve mesh is added to the first shape sorter to separate and remove rubber and urethane, and then the specific gravity sorter separates the heavy specific gravity and light weight. This is separated into specific gravity, and this light specific gravity is added to a high-density magnetic separator to adsorb and separate iron, and then the crushed material is added to an eddy current sorter to separate non-magnetic material from it. In addition to the second shape sorter, the rubber-based material is separated therefrom and then processed in a plastic crushing section.

また、本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法においては、上記第１の振動ふるいの網目を通過しない破砕物を高密度マグネットプーリーに通して破砕物から鉄分を吸着，分離し、次いで破砕物を風選ブロアに通してこれからゴム・ウレタン類を分離，回収し、その後上記破砕物をプラスチック破砕部で処理せしめることを特徴とする。   In the method for selecting and removing rubber and urethane from the crushed material of the present invention, the crushed material that does not pass through the mesh of the first vibrating screen is passed through a high-density magnet pulley to adsorb and separate iron from the crushed material. Then, the crushed material is passed through a wind-selective blower, rubber and urethane are separated and recovered therefrom, and then the crushed material is processed in a plastic crushing section.

また、本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法においては、上記第２の振動ふるいの網目を通過した破砕物を上記第２の振動ふるいより目の細かい第３の振動ふるいに加えてコイルアンダと細粒プラスチックに分離せしめることを特徴とする。   In the method for selecting and removing rubber / urethane from the crushed material according to the present invention, the crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the second vibrating screen is passed through the third vibrating screen that is finer than the second vibrating screen. In addition to the above, it is characterized by being separated into a coil under and fine-grained plastic.

また、本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法においては、上記を第２の振動ふるいの網目を通過した破砕物を風選機に加えて破砕物から機械室ダストを分離した後上記第１の形状選別機に加えることを特徴とする。   In the method for separating and removing rubber and urethane from the crushed material of the present invention, the above-mentioned crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the second vibration sieve is added to the wind separator to separate the machine room dust from the crushed material. After that, it is added to the first shape sorter.

本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法によれば、解体処理された破砕物中のプラスチックや金属からゴム・ウレタン類を極めて効率的に分離，除去できるようになる。   According to the method for selecting and removing rubber / urethane from the crushed material of the present invention, it becomes possible to very efficiently separate and remove rubber / urethane from the plastic or metal in the crushed material that has been disassembled.

本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法を示すフロー図である。It is a flowchart which shows the selection and removal method of rubber | gum and urethane from the crushed material of this invention. 第１の形状選別機の平面図である。It is a top view of the 1st shape sorter. 第１の形状選別機の正面図である。It is a front view of the 1st shape sorter.

以下図面によって本発明の実施例を説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

本発明においては図１に示すように破砕用機械室１からの破砕物を例えば３５ｍｍメッシュの第１の振動ふるい２に加え、このふるい２の網目を通過しない破砕物を高密度マグネットプーリー３に通して破砕物から鉄分４を吸着，分離し、次いで破砕物を風選ブロア５に通してこれからゴム・ウレタン類６を分離，回収し、その後破砕物を取り出し（ピッキング）、プラスチック破砕部７で処理せしめる。   In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the crushed material from the crushing machine room 1 is added to the first vibrating screen 2 of, for example, 35 mm mesh, and the crushed material that does not pass through the mesh of the sieve 2 is added to the high-density magnet pulley 3. Then, the iron 4 is adsorbed and separated from the crushed material, and then the crushed material is passed through a wind-selective blower 5 to separate and recover the rubber / urethane 6 from the crushed material. Thereafter, the crushed material is taken out (picking). Let it be processed.

一方上記第１の振動ふるい２の網目を通過した破砕物を例えば５ｍｍメッシュの第２の振動ふるい８に加え、このふるい８の網目を通過した破砕物を例えば１．５ｍｍメッシュの第３の振動ふるい９に加えてこれをコイルアンダ１０と細粒プラスチック１１に分離せしめる。   On the other hand, the crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the first vibrating screen 2 is added to the second vibrating screen 8 of, for example, 5 mm mesh, and the crushed material that has passed through the mesh of this screen 8 is, for example, the third vibration of 1.5 mm mesh. In addition to the sieve 9, it is separated into a coil under 10 and a fine plastic 11.

また５ｍｍメッシュの第２の振動ふるい８を通過しない破砕物は風選機１２に加えて破砕物から機械室ダスト１３を分離した後第１の形状選別機１４に加えてゴム・ウレタン類１５を分離，除去し、次いで破砕物を比重選別機１６によって重比重物１７と軽比重物に分離し、この軽比重物を高密度磁選機１８に加えてこれから鉄分１９を吸着，分離し、次いで破砕物を渦電流選別機２０に加えてこれから非磁性体２１を分離し、更にこの破砕物を第２の形状選別機２２に加えてこれからゴム系材料２３を分離せしめた後取り出し（ピッキング）、プラスチック破砕部７で処理せしめる。   The crushed material that does not pass through the 5 mm mesh second vibrating screen 8 is separated from the crushed material by the machine sorter 12 after the pulverized material is separated from the crushed material, and then the rubber / urethanes 15 are added to the first shape sorter 14. Separation and removal, and then the crushed material is separated into a heavy specific gravity material 17 and a light specific gravity material by a specific gravity sorter 16, and the light specific gravity material is added to a high-density magnetic separator 18 to adsorb and separate iron 19 and then crush. The material is added to the eddy current sorter 20 to separate the non-magnetic material 21 therefrom, and the crushed material is further added to the second shape sorter 22 to separate the rubber-based material 23 therefrom, and then taken out (picking). It is made to process in the crushing part 7.

本発明の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法においては、形状選別機１４を用いており、ゴム・ウレタン類を効率的に除去できるようになる。また、第２の振動ふるい８の網目を通った破砕物中から品質の良いプラスチックを取り出し得るようになる。   In the method for selecting and removing rubber / urethane from the crushed material of the present invention, the shape sorter 14 is used, and the rubber / urethane can be efficiently removed. In addition, it is possible to take out a high-quality plastic from the crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the second vibrating screen 8.

なお、上記形状選別機１４は、図２及び図３に示すように２０°に傾斜せしめた傾斜方向下端側から上端側に向って移動走行するコンベアベルト２４と、このコンベアベルト２４の傾斜方向下端側に配置したゴム・ウレタン類受け部２５と、上記コンベアベルト２４の上端側両側から下端側中心部に向かう空気流発生源２６と、振動付与部２７により構成し、破砕物内のゴム・ウレタン類がゴム・ウレタン類受け部２５内に自然落下して収納され、鉄分を含む重量が大きいプラスチックがコンベアベルト２４上に着座し、上記上端側から上記比重選別機１６に送られるようにする。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shape sorter 14 includes a conveyor belt 24 that travels from the lower end side in the tilt direction inclined to 20 ° toward the upper end side, and the lower end in the tilt direction of the conveyor belt 24. The rubber / urethane receiving part 25 arranged on the side, the air flow generation source 26 from the both sides of the upper end side of the conveyor belt 24 toward the center part on the lower end side, and the vibration applying part 27, the rubber / urethane in the crushed material The plastics are naturally dropped and stored in the rubber / urethane receiving part 25, and a plastic having a large weight including iron is seated on the conveyor belt 24 and is sent to the specific gravity sorter 16 from the upper end side.

コンベアベルト２４の傾斜は、例えば１０°〜３０°とするのがよい。１０°より緩斜面とすると空気流でゴム・ウレタン類が転がらず受け部２５まで到達しないことがあり、３０°より急斜面とするとプラスチック類までが転がり落ちて受け部２５まで運ばれてしまうことがある。   The inclination of the conveyor belt 24 is preferably 10 ° to 30 °, for example. If the slope is gentler than 10 °, the rubber and urethane may not roll due to the air flow and may not reach the receiving part 25. If the slope is steeper than 30 °, the plastics may roll down and be carried to the receiving part 25. is there.

また、コンベアベルト２４の速度は０．１〜０．５ｍ／ｓ程度がよい。空気流発生源２６からのエア吹出は、５〜２５ｍ／ｓ程度がよい。エアの吹出方向はコンベアベルト進行方向に対して±０°超６０°以下の角度でベルト両端側から吹出されることがよい。ベルト水平面に対して１０°〜４５°の角度を付けてもよい。   The speed of the conveyor belt 24 is preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 m / s. The air blowing from the air flow generation source 26 is preferably about 5 to 25 m / s. The blowing direction of the air is preferably blown from both ends of the belt at an angle of more than ± 0 ° and not more than 60 ° with respect to the traveling direction of the conveyor belt. You may make the angle of 10 degrees-45 degrees with respect to a belt horizontal surface.

更に、振動付与部２７がコンベアベルト２４に与える振動は、例えば、周波数が５〜１００Ｈｚ、振幅が１〜１５ｍｍであることが好ましい。   Furthermore, it is preferable that the vibration which the vibration provision part 27 gives to the conveyor belt 24 is a frequency of 5-100 Hz and an amplitude of 1-15 mm, for example.

１ 破砕用機械室
２ 第１の振動ふるい
３ マグネットプーリー
４ 鉄分
５ 風選ブロア
６ ゴム・ウレタン類
７ プラスチック破砕部
８ 第２の振動ふるい
９ 第３の振動ふるい
１０ コイルアンダ
１１ プラスチック
１２ 風選機
１３ 機械室ダスト
１４ 第１の形状選別機
１５ ゴム・ウレタン類
１６ 比重選別機
１７ 重比重物
１８ 高密度磁選機
１９ 鉄分
２０ 渦電流選別機
２１ 非磁性体
２２ 第２の形状選別機
２３ ゴム系材料
２４ コンベアベルト
２５ ゴム・ウレタン類受け部
２６ 空気流発生源
２７ 振動付与部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing machine room 2 1st vibration sieve 3 Magnet pulley 4 Iron 5 Wind selection blower 6 Rubber and urethane 7 Plastic crushing part 8 2nd vibration sieve 9 3rd vibration sieve 10 Coil under 11 Plastic 12 Wind selection machine 13 Machine room dust 14 First shape sorter 15 Rubber / urethanes 16 Specific gravity sorter 17 Heavy specific gravity 18 High density magnetic sorter 19 Iron 20 Eddy current sorter 21 Non-magnetic material 22 Second shape sorter 23 Rubber material 24 Conveyor Belt 25 Rubber / Urethane Receiving Portion 26 Air Flow Source 27 Vibration Applying Portion

Claims (4)

破砕物を第１の振動ふるいに加え、この第１の振動ふるいの網目を通過した破砕物を上記第１の振動ふるいより目の細かい第２の振動ふるいに加え、このふるいの網目を通過しない破砕物を第１の形状選別機に加えてゴム・ウレタン類を分離，除去し、次いで比重選別機によって重比重物と軽比重物に分離し、この軽比重物を高密度磁選機に加えてこれから鉄分を吸着，分離し、次いで破砕物を渦電流選別機に加えてこれから非磁性体を分離し、更にこの破砕物を第２の形状選別機に加えてこれからゴム系材料を分離せしめた後、プラスチック破砕部で処理せしめることを特徴とする破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法。   The crushed material is added to the first vibrating screen, and the crushed material that has passed through the first vibrating screen is added to the second vibrating screen, which is finer than the first vibrating screen, and does not pass through the screen. The crushed material is added to the first shape sorter to separate and remove rubber and urethane, then separated into heavy specific gravity and light specific gravity by the specific gravity sorter, and this light specific gravity is added to the high density magnetic separator. After the iron content is adsorbed and separated, the crushed material is added to an eddy current sorter to separate non-magnetic material, and the crushed material is added to a second shape sorter to separate the rubber-based material therefrom. A method for selecting and removing rubber and urethane from crushed material, characterized by being treated in a plastic crushing section. 上記第１の振動ふるいの網目を通過しない破砕物を高密度マグネットプーリーに通して破砕物から鉄分を吸着，分離し、次いで破砕物を風選ブロアに通してこれからゴム・ウレタン類を分離，回収し、その後上記破砕物をプラスチック破砕部で処理せしめることを特徴とする請求項１記載の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法。   The crushed material that does not pass through the mesh of the first vibrating screen is passed through a high-density magnet pulley to adsorb and separate iron from the crushed material, and then the crushed material is passed through a wind-selective blower to separate and collect rubber and urethane. Then, the crushed material is processed in a plastic crushing section, and the method for selecting and removing rubber / urethane from the crushed material according to claim 1. 上記第２の振動ふるいの網目を通過した破砕物を上記第２の振動ふるいより目の細かい第３の振動ふるいに加えてコイルアンダと細粒プラスチックに分離せしめることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法。   The crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the second vibrating screen is separated into a coil under and fine plastic in addition to a third vibrating screen that is finer than the second vibrating screen. Methods for selecting and removing rubber and urethane from the crushed material described. 上記を第２の振動ふるいの網目を通過した破砕物を風選機に加えて破砕物から機械室ダストを分離した後上記第１の形状選別機に加えることを特徴とする請求項１、２または３記載の破砕物からのゴム・ウレタン類の選別，除去方法。   The crushed material that has passed through the mesh of the second vibration sieve is added to a wind separator to separate machine room dust from the crushed material, and then added to the first shape sorter. Or the method for selecting and removing rubber and urethane from the crushed material described in 3.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN110258156A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-20 广州励美环保科技有限公司 The sorting of paper and reproducible in house refuse
CN110465399A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-19 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of preparation method and separation equipment of low clay content raw limestone
CN113858569A (en) * 2021-12-03 2021-12-31 新乡学院 Vibrating screen for screening plastic particles

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CN103770245A (en) * 2014-01-25 2014-05-07 温州市华邦橡胶有限公司 Method and device for recycling rubber from waste radial tire
CN103861863A (en) * 2014-03-21 2014-06-18 广州保绿环保科技有限公司 Urban domestic garbage comprehensive utilization treatment method
CN107877815A (en) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-06 天津金恩斯科技有限公司 A kind of TPU extruders feeding mechanism
CN107877815B (en) * 2016-09-29 2019-10-25 天津金恩斯科技有限公司 A kind of TPU extruder feeding mechanism
CN110258156A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-20 广州励美环保科技有限公司 The sorting of paper and reproducible in house refuse
CN110465399A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-11-19 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of preparation method and separation equipment of low clay content raw limestone
CN110465399B (en) * 2019-07-29 2023-06-30 西安建筑科技大学 Preparation method and separation equipment of low-mud-content limestone raw material
CN113858569A (en) * 2021-12-03 2021-12-31 新乡学院 Vibrating screen for screening plastic particles

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