JP2001137827A - Method and device for recovering valuable metal from waste metallic composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating means which is applicable even to such powder and granular materials as small as 1 to 2 mm in diameter or below by simple and cost effective means and is therefore adequate for recovering of nonferrous valuable metals, such as copper, from waste metallic composite materials, such as waste electronic substrates. SOLUTION: This method consists in removing ferrous metals from the powder and granular materials of minus sieve of 2 mm mesh obtained by crushing the waste metallic composite materials, such as waste electronic substrates, then classifying the powder and granular materials to coarse grain concentrate (b) containing the nonferrous valuable metals, such as copper, and fine grain tailing (c) mainly composed of nonmetals by an eddy current sorting machine A annexed with a suction device B, and in succession, classifying the powder and granular materials consisting of the fine grain tailing (c) to non-sucked concentrate (d) containing the nonferrous metals, such as copper, and sucked tailing mainly composed of the nonmetals of fine lightweight powder in a suction device B. The suction device B is constituted by enclosing the front space at the end of a rotor section 4 of the eddy current sorting machine A with a partition 7 and arranging a suction nozzle 8 toward the fine grain tailing (c) falling from a conveyor belt 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention
The present invention relates to a treatment method for efficiently recovering valuable metals, particularly copper, contained in a metal composite waste material such as a waste electronic substrate discharged from a device A and a manufacturing process thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Waste electronic substrates are metal composite waste materials in which non-metals such as glass, thermosetting resin, and thermoplastic resin and metals are mixed in a state in which separation is difficult.
Many non-ferrous metals, particularly conductive materials, contain a copper material. Further, in such a method of recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste materials, a magnetic force separator and an eddy current separator (non-ferrous metal separator) for separating ferrous metal components and non-ferrous metal components from crushed metal composite waste materials are provided. It is heavily used.

[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-19771 discloses a method for treating waste automobiles, waste home appliances, etc., in which these metal composite waste materials are crushed by a shredder, and iron is recovered by a magnetic separator, and then the non-ferrous metal is recovered. The non-ferrous metal is recovered by a sorter or heavy liquid sorter, and further processed by a press crusher such as a rod mill to flatten the metal content and sieved the metal content by a screen. A technique for separating non-ferrous metal particles.
No. 5853 discloses that shredder dust from end-of-life vehicles, home appliances, etc. is separated into metals by a magnetic separator and a non-ferrous metal separator, and then the residue and dust collection dust are incinerated and then processed by a press crusher. There is disclosed a technique in which a metal component is flattened, and the metal component obtained via a wind separator is further separated into iron particles and non-ferrous metal particles by a magnetic separator and a non-ferrous metal separator to be recovered.

In an eddy current sorter, for example, a rotor that rotates with a magnet is slidably mounted on an insulating drum to form a rotor portion, and a rotor is formed between the drum and a driving roller that rotates in pairs. A conveyor belt for transporting the processing material is stretched over the conveyor belt, and the rotor rotates at a high speed to generate a strong alternating magnetic field on the conveyor belt. Therefore, the conductive non-ferrous metal particles conveyed by the conveyor belt are placed in an alternating magnetic field on the rotor portion, and an eddy current is generated on the surface of the non-ferrous metal particles. And instantly repels the non-ferrous metal particles. Such an eddy current sorter not only collects non-ferrous valuable metals from automobile waste and industrial waste as described above, but also recovers aluminum cans from non-combustible waste, non-ferrous valuables from electronic component waste and coal incineration ash. It has been widely used to recover metals and further separate non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper from iron, glass, synthetic resin and the like, such as separation of glass cullet from aluminum and lead. On the other hand, when processing a waste electronic substrate, which is a metal composite waste material, it is necessary to increase the degree of pulverization to make the particles finer in order to increase the singularity in order to recover copper, and at least 1-2 mm.
It was necessary to make the diameter or less.

[0005]

However, in the eddy current sorter, when handling a fine powder material having a diameter of 1 to 2 mm or less, the powder material adheres to a conveyor belt to be conveyed. There are problems such as susceptibility to dust, easy generation of dust, and poor separability between metal and nonmetal.
For such fine granular materials, there are also electrostatic sorters and sorting means such as a rocking table. However, in the case of the electrostatic sorter, the processing amount is limited and the equipment cost is high. ,Also,
There is a problem that operation management is difficult, and in the case of a swinging table, there is a problem that there are many disadvantages in equipment such as a wastewater treatment facility and a drying treatment.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has been applied to a fine powder material having a diameter of 1 to 2 mm or less by relatively simple means not using an electrostatic separator or a swinging table. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a metal composite waste material that can be applied and is also suitable as a means for recovering heavy metal materials such as copper from a metal composite waste material such as a waste electronic substrate.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies. As a result, the eddy current sorter was used to convert the metal composite waste material into a metal-based coarse concentrate and a non-metal coarse concentrate. After being separated into fine-grained tailings mainly composed of metal, the suction process is performed from the fine-grained tailing side to the falling granular material to effectively suck the non-metals in the fine-grained tailing It was confirmed that it was possible, and as a result, it became possible to increase the metal recovery rate. That is, first, the present invention is characterized in that, by using an eddy current sorter provided with a suction device, a powdery and granular material comprising a metal and a non-metal after the eddy current sorting process is subjected to a suction process to collect a metal part. Secondly, a method for recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste materials is as follows. After removing iron-based metal from undersize sieves obtained by crushing metal composite waste materials containing metals and nonmetals, a suction device is provided. By the eddy current sorter that has been separated into coarse concentrate containing non-ferrous metal and fine-grained tailing mainly containing non-metal, the powdery material comprising the fine-grained tailing is continuously separated by the suction device in the non-ferrous metal. The method for recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste material, characterized in that it is separated into non-sucked concentrates and suction tailings mainly composed of non-metals in the lightweight part, A conveyor belt is hung on a rotor part with a drum and a rotor around a magnet. The suction device has a partition plate disposed in front of the eddy current sorter near the rotor-side end thereof to form a space, and a suction nozzle is provided in the space. The method for recovering valuable metals from metal-composite waste materials according to the first or second aspect, wherein the light-weight portion of the granular material falling from the belt is suctioned. The method for recovering valuable metal from a metal composite waste according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the non-ferrous metal recovered from the metal composite waste is copper. A method for recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, characterized in that: Sixth, an eddy current sorter in which a conveyor belt is wrapped around a rotor section in which a drum is provided around a rotor around which a magnet is provided, and a space surrounding the front of the rotor section side of the eddy current sorter is formed. And a suction device provided in the space and provided with a suction nozzle for sucking a lightweight portion of the powder and granules falling from the conveyor belt, and performing a separation process of the powder and granules by using the metal composite waste material. Seventh, a device for recovering valuable metal from metal composite waste material is characterized in that a conveyor belt is wrapped around a rotor portion comprising a rotor on which magnets are assembled and a drum, and An eddy current sorter for separating coarse-grained concentrates containing non-ferrous metals from the body, and a suction nozzle disposed in an enclosed space in front of a rotor section of the eddy-current sorter for separating the coarse-grained concentrates Lightweight from falling powder A metal composite waste material comprising: a suction device for sucking a metal part to separate a non-sucked concentrate; and a dust collection device interposed in a suction path of the suction device and collecting the non-metal part. Eighthly, the dust collection device comprises a cyclone means and a bag filter means, the valuable metal recovery device from the metal composite waste material according to the seventh feature, Ninthly, the present invention provides an apparatus for recovering valuable metal from metal composite waste material according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects, wherein the metal composite waste material is a waste electronic substrate.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, non-ferrous metals such as copper are recovered from metal composite waste materials composed of non-ferrous metals and non-metals such as waste electronic substrates. The waste electronic substrate and the like are all crushed to a diameter of 2 mm or less, and those obtained by increasing the elemental separation (separation of valuable metals such as copper from other components) are to be selected by the eddy current sorter. If the diameter is 2 mm or more, the metal is often attached to the substrate, and the metal is hardly separated. As described above, this eddy current sorter is of a belt type, also known as a non-ferrous metal sorter, and utilizes the separating action of non-ferrous metal by magnetic repulsion on a rotor that generates an alternating magnetic field.

In the present invention, a partition plate is provided in front of the rotor side of the eddy current sorter as a suction device, and a suction nozzle is arranged in a space defined by the partition plate. That is, in cooperation with the eddy current selection device, the fine particles after the eddy current selection process are further separated from the metal components by sucking the non-metal components having a small mass or density in the fine particle system by the air suction means. Separation is intended to improve the recovery rate of the metal. The partition plate enhances the suction efficiency of the suction nozzle and suppresses scattering of the powder. Single volume density of the separated metal parts in the case of copper, there 4-5 g / cm ^3, a glass-plastics are reversed, the suction force at 1 to 2 g / cm ³ has a repulsive force by which the eddy current It is preferable to determine by adjustment. When the inside of the suction device is entirely enclosed, this partition plate can be omitted. The operating conditions of the eddy current sorter are selected based on a combination of a belt speed, an eddy current generating rotor rotation speed, and the like corresponding to a processing material. In addition, the position of the partition plate is also considered in addition to these conditions. .

The fine-grained system separated from the coarse-grained system containing metal in the eddy current screening is a mixture of fine glass, synthetic resin, plastic and metal in the case of a waste electronic substrate. Among them, metals have relatively large particles compared to others. This may be due to the nature of the metal. Therefore, high-density, high-mass metal is difficult to be sucked, and low-density, low-mass glass, synthetic resin, plastic, and the like are easily sucked, and the metal and other components can be separated by the suction means.

In the process of recovering copper from a waste substrate, it is necessary to increase the quality and recovery rate of copper, thereby increasing the degree of separation of copper and other components from each other. Inevitably, the eddy current separator was too fine, and the adhesion of the belt, the generation of dust, and the lowering of the separability were problematic. However, as in the present invention, the suction device was installed in the space divided by the partition plate of the eddy current separator. By providing, it became possible to separate fine-grained copper from other substances, which was conventionally difficult to separate. In addition, the generation of dust and the attachment of the belt can be prevented. As a device, a suction nozzle is provided in the space divided by the partition plate, and only suction is performed by a suction blower via a cyclone or the like.
Equipment costs can be minimized. In addition, the suctioned material can be collected by a cyclone or the like, and there is also a use for recycling.

A sorting device provided with the suction device of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. A pair of rotors 1 and a driving roller 2 are rotatably mounted on a pair of mounts (not shown). The rotor 1 has a plurality of magnets 1a and 1b arranged on its outer periphery so that the polarities alternately change. The drum 3 is slidably contacted around the outer circumference,
The rotor unit 4 is configured. A conveyor belt 5 is wound around the drive roller 2 and the drum 3 endlessly, and the conveyor belt 5 rotates around the drive roller 2 by a motor (not shown). Then, the rotor 1 is connected to the drum 3 by a separate drive motor.
Therefore, the conveyor belt 5 can be rotated in the opposite direction so as to constitute an eddy current sorter A.

That is, in the eddy current sorter A, the rotor 1 is rotated in the direction opposite to the conveyor belt 5 so that an alternating magnetic field is formed on the conveyor belt 5. On the second side, a powder-to-be-processed a containing a conductive metal powder is supplied. The powder-to-be-processed a is conveyed by the conveyor belt 5, reaches the rotor unit 4, and cuts off the magnetic field, thereby generating an eddy current on the surface of the metal-powder in the powder-to-be-processed a. Since the magnetic field generated by the eddy current always has the same polarity as the alternating magnetic field of the rotor 1, the metal powder is instantaneously transferred to the conveyor belt 5.
Will be repelled. Therefore, it is separated from a non-conductive material such as a synthetic resin which does not generate an eddy current due to the alternating magnetic field. If an iron-based magnetic material is mixed in the powder a to be processed, the iron-based metal magnetic material stays in the rotor portion 4 and generates heat due to eddy current, thereby damaging the conveyor belt 5 and the rotor 1. It is necessary to remove the iron-based metal magnetic material from the powdery material a to be processed in advance.

According to the present invention, a suction device B for a granular material is provided at a lower front portion of the rotor section 4 of the eddy current sorter A. That is, the partition plate 7 is provided along the outer side of the metal powder (coarse concentrate b) which falls in front of the rotor portion 4, and
A suction nozzle 8 is provided along the inner side of the flowing granular material (fine-grained tailings c), that is, at a slightly lower front part of the rotor portion 4 to suck the granular material. As shown in FIG. 2, the suction nozzle 8 of the suction device B has a rectangular opening, and the opening is fixed to the falling powder flow side, that is, toward the front. The width of the belt is slightly larger than the width of the conveyor belt 5, and suction is performed on a rectangular surface having a reduced vertical width. In the suction device B, suction is performed by a suction blower (not shown), and a cyclone 9 is interposed in the suction path,
Metals can be further recovered from the sucked powder. Further, an intermediate partition plate 12 is provided between the falling coarse concentrate b and the fine tail c to separate them. Although the height of the intermediate partition plate 12 is variable,
It is preferable that the suction nozzle 8 is located below the suction port of the suction nozzle 8 because the suction effect on the coarse concentrate b increases.

According to the sorting process by the eddy current sorter A provided with the suction device B, the powder particles a to be processed supplied by the feeder 6 are conveyed by the conveyor belt 5 and reach the rotor unit 4. Then, the metal powder containing the eddy current effect on the rotor portion 4 is blown forward and falls along the partition plate 7 inside. Non-metallic components are also included in the powders and granules falling along the partition plate 7, but they contain a relatively large amount of metals and a relatively large amount of coarse particles. The coarse particles are stored in the collected hopper 10.

The non-conductive powder and granular material which is not affected by the alternating magnetic field by the rotor 1 falls inward along a normal falling trajectory as fine-grained tailings c, but falls on the rotor portion 4 side. c is still entrained with a relatively fine metal component, and the suction nozzle 8 separates the relatively non-metallic powder material, which is relatively lightweight and has a slow falling speed, to be separated.
It is possible to obtain a non-sucking powder which falls as it is in a form in which the metal is concentrated, and the non-suction powder is stored as a non-sucking concentrate d in a fine-grain recovery hopper 11 provided below.
The non-suction concentrate d is subjected to a metal recovery treatment together with the coarse concentrate b. The light-weight suction granules sucked by the suction nozzle 8 are further collected by the cyclone 9,
It is separated from those collected by a bag filter (not shown) via the cyclone 9. What is collected by the cyclone 9 still contains some fine metal components, so that it is collected as a resource and separately processed. Most of the powder collected by the bag filter is a non-metal such as glass powder.

The suction by the suction nozzle 8 is suction from the rotor portion 4 side, which has a relatively large amount of fine particles such as fine particles such as glass and plastic, that is, a small amount of metal, and the glass / plastics and metal Efficient separation from the kind is possible. Further, according to the eddy current sorter A provided with the suction device B, even if the powdery material a to be supplied is pulverized, the powder is conveyed to the conveyor belt 5 as in the related art. Hinders the separation of metal particles while remaining attached to
In addition, the problem that the non-conductive powder, which is lightweight together with the metal powder, rises to the dust state and the mutual separation property is deteriorated is eliminated.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a method for recovering copper from waste electronic substrates according to the present invention to which an eddy current sorter A provided with the suction device B is applied will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The waste electronic substrate is passed through a vertical pulverizer manufactured by Orient with a 2 mm mesh sieve.
Crush to less than mm diameter. If there is any foreign matter of 2 mm or more that is difficult to crush, remove it from the system. The 2 mm undersize powder from the pulverizer is subjected to a magnetic separator, and a magnetically adhered substance made of an iron-based metal is collected and used as a recycled resource. However, in this embodiment, since the waste electronic substrate to be processed was a non-mounted waste substrate having a low iron content, the powder was granulated with a diameter of 2 mm or less by the crusher, and the magnetic separation step was omitted. I am directly using an eddy current sorter. This eddy current sorter is an eddy current sorter A provided with a suction device B shown in FIGS.
0 mm, the effective width of the rotor 1 is 300 mm, the width of the conveyor belt 5 is 400 mm, and the belt speed is 40 m / min.
The number of revolutions of the rotor 1 was adjusted to 2400 revolutions / minute. The suction nozzle 8 of the suction device B had an opening of 35 × 450 mm, and the upper edge position was 40 mm below the horizontal extension and 10 mm away from the rotor unit 4. The suction speed of the suction nozzle 8 was set to 25 m / sec.

By the eddy current sorter A, coarse particles containing a large amount of copper that have fallen away from the rotor portion 4 fall along or near the inner side of the partition plate 7 to form coarse concentrate b. The coarse particles were collected in the collection hopper 10. The fine granular material on the rotor portion side separated from the coarse concentrate b fell as fine-grain tail c according to a normal falling trajectory, and was continuously applied to the suction device B during the fall. At this time,
Of the fine-grained tailings c, the granules containing a relatively large amount of copper and the relatively heavy granules avoid the suction of the suction nozzle 8,
Drops as non-sucked concentrate d, fine hopper 1
Stored in 1. This non-suction concentrate d is the coarse concentrate b
And supplied to the copper recovery step.

The fine particles aspirated by the suction nozzle 8 at the time of dropping contain a large amount of non-metallic particles such as light resin, and are collected as suction tailings via the cyclone 9 by the cyclone 9. The copper-containing powder and the cyclone 9 escaped and were separated into non-metallic powder collected by a bag filter. Since the copper-containing powder still contains a small amount of copper, for recovery,
Provided separately for processing.

FIG. 4 shows the balance between the amount of the waste electronic substrate to be processed and the amount of the recovered material by the above-described processing. In the sorting process by the eddy current sorter, 84.2% of the copper contained in the waste electronic substrate to be processed is recovered as coarse sediment at a high grade of 48.9% from the powdered material by the waste electronic substrate to be processed. Was done. 40. Fine-grained tailings containing the remainder of copper are further subjected to a suction-sorting process to obtain a copper grade of 40.
10% of the unconcentrated concentrate was recovered. That is, by the suction sorting process, one of the coppers contained in the waste electronic substrate to be processed is removed.
0.4% could be recovered.

Table 1 shows that the recovered material, ie, concentrate (combined coarse concentrate and non-sucked concentrate) and tailings (suction tailings) when the suction sorting process is incorporated after the eddy current sorting process. Table 2 shows the collected contents of the concentrate (coarse concentrate) and the tailings (fine tailings) in the case where only the eddy current sorting process and the suction sorting process are not adopted. This Table 1
As can be seen from the comparison between Table 2 and Table 2, the copper recovery rate when the suction sorting process was not performed was 84.2%. The copper was recovered and could be put into the copper refining process as it was. The recovery rate of copper from the waste electronic substrate to be treated is 9
It has reached 4.6%.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[0024]

[Table 2]

[0025]

According to the eddy current sorter provided with a simple suction device in which a space partitioned by a partition plate is provided in front of the eddy current sorter and a suction nozzle is provided in this space, the metal composite waste material can be reduced to 1 to 3 cm. Separation of metal from fine powder particles crushed to a diameter of 2 mm or less can be proceeded without any problem. The effect of improving the recovery rate of non-ferrous valuable metals is obtained. In addition, the method of the present invention has an effect that it can be effectively applied particularly to the recovery of copper from a waste electronic substrate, which has conventionally been considered difficult to refine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an eddy current sorting device provided with a suction device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the eddy current sorter of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of processing a waste electronic substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the balance of the amount of the waste electronic substrate and the collected material processed according to the flowchart of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Eddy current sorter B Suction device 1 Rotor 2 Drive roller 3 Drum 4 Rotor unit 5 Conveyor belt 6 Feeder 7 Partition plate 8 Suction nozzle 9 Cyclone 10 Coarse particle collection hopper 11 Fine particle collection hopper 12 Medium partition plate a Body b Coarse concentrate c Fine tailings d Non-sucked concentrate

Claims (9)

[Claims] An eddy current sorter provided with a suction device suction-treats a powder and a granular material comprising a metal and a non-metal after an eddy current sort process to recover a metal part. Recovery method of valuable metals. 2. After removing the ferrous metal from the undersize sieve obtained by crushing a metal composite waste material containing a metal and a nonmetal, a coarse material containing the nonferrous metal is removed by an eddy current separator equipped with a suction device. The fine concentrate is separated into fine concentrate and fine-grained tailings mainly composed of non-metals. A method for recovering valuable metals from waste metal composites, wherein the method is separated into suction tailings mainly composed of waste. 3. The eddy current sorter has a conveyor belt wrapped around a rotor around which a drum is provided around a rotor around which a magnet is provided, and the suction device is provided at an end of the eddy current sorter on the rotor side. 2. A space is formed by disposing a partition plate in front of and adjacent to the space, a suction nozzle is provided in the space, and a light weight portion of the granular material falling from the conveyor belt is sucked. Or the method for recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste materials according to 2. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal composite waste material is a waste electronic substrate. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the non-ferrous metal recovered from the metal composite member is copper. 6. An eddy current sorter in which a conveyor belt is wrapped around a rotor section provided with a drum around a rotor provided with magnets, and a space surrounding the front of the eddy current sorter on the rotor section side. It comprises a partition plate to be constituted, and a suction device provided in the space and provided with a suction nozzle for sucking a lightweight portion of the powder and granules falling from the conveyor belt, and performs a separation process of the powder and granules by the metal composite waste material. An apparatus for recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste materials, characterized in that: 7. A conveyer belt is wound around a rotor having a magnet and a rotor provided with a drum provided around the rotor.
An eddy current separator for separating coarse-grained concentrates containing non-ferrous metals from the granular material of the metal composite waste material, and a suction nozzle disposed in an enclosed space in front of a rotor part of the eddy current separator, A suction device for separating the non-sucked concentrate by sucking a light non-metal portion from the granular material that separates and falls the granulated concentrate; and a suction device interposed in a suction path of the suction device, An apparatus for recovering valuable metals from metal composite waste material, comprising a dust collector for recovering. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said dust collecting device comprises a cyclone means and a bag filter means. 9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said metal composite waste material is a waste electronic board.