JP2012210164A - Normal type combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce biting trouble of harvested stalks in a feeder even by increasing the quantity of the harvested stalks.SOLUTION: A normal type combine harvester includes a harvesting part 4 placed in front of a traveling vehicle, a thresher 6 placed in back of the harvesting part 4, and a feeder 5 to transport the stalk harvested by the harvesting part 4 to the thresher 6. The feeder 5 includes a cylindrical feeder case 50 placed by directing a front end opening to the side of the harvesting part 4 and a rear end opening to the side of the thresher 6, and a conveyor 52 placed in the feeder case 50 and transporting the harvested stalk introduced from the front end opening through a transporting space including a gap S between the feeder and the bottom of the feeder case 50 to the side of the rear end opening. The conveyor is furnished with a gap expansion allowing mechanism K to allow the increase of the height of the gap S according to the biting of the harvested stalk in the gap S at the front end opening.

Description

  The present invention includes a reaping portion provided in front of the traveling machine body, a threshing device disposed on the rear side of the reaping portion, and a feeder that conveys the reaped cereal harvested by the reaping portion to the threshing device. It relates to ordinary combine.

Conventionally, as this type of ordinary combine, there is a feeder having a chain conveyor as an endless rotating conveyor in a cylindrical feeder case (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
The chain conveyor is provided with a pair of front and rear wheels that are rotatable around a horizontal axis, a pair of left and right chains that are stretched around the pair of front and rear wheels, and a number of angle members provided across the pair of left and right chains. By rotating the ring body, the harvested cereals fed into the feeder case are conveyed to the rear while being taken into the gap between the chain conveyor and the bottom surface of the feeder case by the angle material. To do.
Further, in order to maintain a constant clearance between the chain conveyor and the bottom surface portion of the feeder case, the ring body is fixed so that its rotating shaft does not move up and down through both side portions of the feeder case. It was.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-178428 (FIG. 2)

According to the conventional ordinary combine described above, since the height dimension of the gap between the chain conveyor and the bottom surface of the feeder case is kept constant, when the amount of harvested cereals fed from the harvesting part increases, There is a risk that the harvested cereal meal is in the gap and the rotation of the chain conveyor is locked by the wedge action of the harvested grain meal.
Every time the conveyor is locked, it is necessary to stop the combine operation and remove the harvested cereal that has been caught in the gap. It is rare.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an ordinary combine that is difficult to bite into a feeder even if the amount of harvested cereal meal increases.

A first characteristic configuration of the present invention includes a cutting unit provided in front of the traveling aircraft body,
A threshing device disposed on the rear side of the cutting part;
A normal combine comprising a feeder for conveying the harvested cereals harvested by the harvesting unit to the threshing device,
The feeder has a cylindrical feeder case in which a front end opening is disposed on the cutting part side and a rear end opening is disposed on the threshing apparatus side,
The harvested cereal rice cake that is attached in the feeder case and is taken in from the front end opening is provided with a conveyor that conveys the rear case portion opening side with a gap between the feeder case and the bottom surface of the feeder case as a conveying space. And
There is a gap enlargement allowance mechanism that allows the height dimension of the gap to increase with the biting of the harvested cereal meal into the gap at the front end opening.

According to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, since the gap height allowance mechanism can allow the height dimension of the gap between the conveyor and the bottom surface portion of the feeder case to be increased, the amount of the harvested cereal from the cutting part When the bite increases and biting occurs, the gap widening mechanism is used to enlarge the gap, so that the harvested cereal can be prevented from biting, and the accompanying locking of the conveyor can be prevented.
Therefore, as in the prior art, it is possible to save the trouble of stopping the combine operation and removing the harvested cereal meal, and the operation of the combine can be continued efficiently.
By the way, the gap enlargement allowance mechanism is a mechanism in which the gap dimension increases with the biting of the harvested cereal meal, so that either the conveyor or the bottom part of the feeder case can be separated or both can be separated. It only has to be prepared. For example, a mechanism in which the bottom surface portion of the feeder case is separated from the conveyor, a mechanism in which the conveyor is separated from the bottom surface portion of the feeder case, and a configuration including both of these mechanisms are given as examples.

According to a second characteristic configuration of the present invention, the conveyor is constituted by a chain conveyor including a pair of front and rear wheels rotatable around a horizontal axis and a chain spanned between the pair of front and rear wheels. Yes,
The gap enlargement allowing mechanism is a slide mechanism in which the front ring body moves upward with respect to the bottom surface of the feeder case.

According to the second characteristic configuration of the present invention, it is of course possible to reduce the biting phenomenon of the harvested cereal meal by the slide mechanism of the front wheel, but the weight of the conveyor is included in the wheel. Since it is acting, when the amount of harvested cereal grains taken into the feeder is reduced, the weight of the conveyor can be effectively used as a restoring force for reducing the gap size to the initial size. Therefore, even when a special mechanism for applying the return force is omitted or the special mechanism is provided, the return force required for the mechanism can be set small, thereby improving the economy. be able to.
In addition, if a gap enlargement allowance mechanism in which the bottom part of the feeder case moves up and down is given as a comparative example, in this comparative example, so that the harvested cereal rice cake does not leak from the joint part between the bottom part and the side part. However, according to the second characteristic configuration of the present invention, it is not necessary to incorporate a complicated structure into the feeder case, so that a sufficient sealing performance can be obtained with a feeder case with a simple structure. Therefore, the economic efficiency can be further improved.

  A third characteristic configuration of the present invention is that an urging mechanism for urging the front wheel body toward the bottom surface of the feeder case is provided.

According to the third characteristic configuration of the present invention, after a large amount of the harvested cereal meal is taken into the feeder and the gap between the conveyor and the bottom surface portion of the feeder case is expanded, the amount of the harvested grain meal decreases. The gap dimension can be returned to the initial value by the action of the urging force of the urging mechanism.
The gap dimension is initially set to a dimension that can be effectively carried by a conveyor. Therefore, if the gap is still widened, an extra space is left and the conveyance efficiency is likely to decrease. .
Therefore, since the proper gap size can be secured by the urging mechanism, the best transport efficiency can be maintained.

According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the support portion that rotatably supports the front wheel is provided with a shaft portion that penetrates both side portions of the feeder case,
The slide mechanism is configured by providing holes on both side surfaces of the feeder case where the inserted shaft portion can move up and down,
The urging mechanism is configured by a spring member attached in a state in which an urging force is applied to the shaft portion protruding outward from the hole portion.

According to the fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the configuration of the slide mechanism itself is a hole formed in both side portions of the feeder case, and the configuration of the biasing mechanism itself is a spring member. It can be formed by a simple mechanism, and the vertical movement and downward biasing action of the shaft can be realized more economically.
Furthermore, since the urging mechanism is provided outside the feeder case, the inside of the feeder case can be used more widely, and the harvested cereal can be transported smoothly and efficiently.
Further, since the slide mechanism and the urging mechanism face the outside of the feeder case, it is possible to easily carry out maintenance work of each mechanism without opening the feeder case. .

  According to a fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention, a reinforcing material is provided on at least an extension line of the movement locus of the shaft portion by the slide mechanism in the edge portion of the hole portion.

As the shaft portion slides in the radial direction along the radial direction of the hole portion, the peripheral portion of the shaft portion comes into contact with the edge portion of the hole portion at both ends of the movement locus.
According to the fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention, since the reinforcing material is provided at least at the edge of the hole portion where the stress from the shaft portion acts, the portion is strengthened, for example, around the hole portion. It is possible to prevent deformation and cracks from occurring in the part.
As a result, the shaft portion can be supported by receiving the slide of the shaft portion in a stable state at both ends of the movement locus.

Combine left side view Top view of the combine Cross section of feeder Feeder vertical side view Cutaway plan view of the main part showing the mounting condition of the front wheel Side view of the main part showing the mounting condition of the front wheel Side view of the main part showing the mounting condition of the front wheel Side view showing the locking mechanism Cross-sectional plan view showing the locking mechanism Side view showing work light

  Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is applied to an ordinary (all-fired) combine will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Overall structure of the combine]
The combine according to the present invention harvests rice, wheat and the like, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a body frame 1 that is a skeleton of the body and a pair of left and right crawler type traveling devices that support the body. 2, a feeder 5 supported on the front part of the machine body frame 1 so as to be swingable up and down, a cutting part 4 connected to the front end of the feeder 5, and a threshing device 6 disposed on the left side of the machine body frame 1, A sacking tank 7 disposed on the right side of the threshing device 6, and an operation unit 8 disposed on the right side of the feeder 5 and the threshing device 6 and on the front side of the bagging tank 7 are provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutting unit 4 is disposed across a pair of left and right dividers 16, a platform 14, a rotating reel 3 as a scraping unit, and left and right dividers 16 at the front end of the platform 14. And a clipper-type cutting device 17 and an auger 15 which is disposed on the platform 14 and rotates about an axis in the left-right direction.

  A hydraulic cylinder 58 is disposed between the machine frame 1 and the feeder 5 so that the feeder 5 can swing up and down with respect to the threshing device 6 about the axis X in the left-right direction (FIG. 1). reference). When the feeder 5 is swung, the cutting unit 4 changes the posture between a working state in which the platform 14 is lowered near the ground and a non-working state in which the platform 14 is raised from the ground.

  The rotary reel 3 is rotatably supported by a reel support portion 12 supported so as to be swingable up and down around the swing axis P with respect to the cutting portion 4. The rotary reel 3 includes a rotary frame 10 supported by the reel support portion 12 and a plurality of tines 11 supported by the rotary frame 10 so as to face downward at all times and scraping the planted culm to be cut. Yes.

  When the harvesting unit 4 is lowered to a working state and the combine is run, the planted cereal is divided into a harvesting target and a non-reaching target by the divider 16, and the planted grain to be harvested is driven by the rotation of the rotary reel 3. The scissors are clipped by the cutting device 17 while being scraped into the platform 14. The harvested cereal rice cake that has been scraped into the platform 14 is laterally fed forward of the feeder 5 by the auger 15 and further scraped into the feeder 5. The harvested cereal meal is conveyed backward by the feeder 5, and the whole of the harvested grain meal from the head to the tip of the harvested grain meal is put into the threshing device 6.

  The threshing device 6 performs threshing processing by the handling barrel 40 that rotates the harvested cereal meal that has been input. The cerealized unigrained grains are sent to the bagging tank 7 and temporarily stored, and discharged from the lower part of the bagging tank 7 to the grain bags. On the right side of the machine body frame 1, there are a work deck 7A for carrying out bagging work from the bagging tank 7 (see FIG. 2) and a frame 7B serving as a handrail for workers on the work deck 7A in the front-rear direction. It is arranged so as to be swingable around the axis of the orientation. When the bagging operation is not performed, the work deck 7A and the frame 7B are stood vertically and stored.

〔Ogre〕
As shown in FIG. 3, the auger 15 includes a first spiral 15 a and a second spiral 15 b that are two spirals on the right side of the feeder 5, and a single third spiral 15 c on the left side of the feeder 5. 5 is provided with a plurality of scraping rods 15d protruding in the radial direction. The first spira 15a, the second spira 15b, and the third spirer 15c are used to feed the harvested cereal potatoes to the front of the feeder 5, and the spires 15d are raked into the feeder 5.

〔feeder〕
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the feeder 5 includes a rectangular cylindrical feeder case 50 and a conveyor 52 built in the feeder case 50.
The conveyor 52 is wound around a front ring body 52a and a rear ring body 52b supported by the feeder case 50 so as to be rotatable about an axis in the left-right direction, and a front ring body 52a and a rear ring body 52b. A pair of left and right chains 52c and a channel-shaped left-right direction transport member 52d disposed across the left and right chains 52c are provided.
Further, a driven pulley 53 is provided on the outside of the feeder case 50 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the rear ring body 52b on the same axis as the rotation axis of the rear ring body 52b. The driving force of the engine is transmitted from the belt to the driven pulley 53 via a driving force transmission system (not shown) to drive the feeder 5.

The harvested pestle scraped into the front end portion of the feeder case 50 by the scraping rod 15d of the auger 15 is conveyed rearward through a gap S between the bottom surface portion 50A of the feeder case 50 and the conveyor 52 while being hooked on the conveying member 52d. Is done.
When a large amount of the harvested cereal rice cake is concentrated and taken into the gap S, there is a risk that the rotation of the conveyor 52 is locked by the biting, and the feeder 5 of the present embodiment has a risk of biting the harvested cereal rice cake. Accordingly, a clearance enlargement allowing mechanism K that allows the height of the clearance S to be increased is provided to prevent the conveyor 52 from being locked.
An urging mechanism F that urges the front ring body 52a toward the bottom surface 50A side of the feeder case 50 is also provided to return the height of the increased gap to the original state.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the gap enlargement allowing mechanism K is configured by a slide mechanism U in which the front ring body 52 a moves upward with respect to the bottom surface portion 50 </ b> A of the feeder case 50 in the present embodiment. Yes.

The front ring body 52a includes a rotation shaft 54 and a drum portion 55 formed around the rotation shaft 54.
Both end portions of the rotating shaft 54 are respectively supported by a pair of support portions 56 (described later) via bearings 56a. In addition, a pair of left and right first flange portions 55a that prevent lateral shift of the chain 52c and a second flange portion 55b that is a central portion in the longitudinal direction are integrally formed on the outer peripheral portion of the drum portion 55.

The support portion 56 includes a support main body 56A formed of channel steel, a shaft portion 56B attached to the support main body 56A, and a pivot shaft 56C that attaches the support main body 56A to the feeder case 50 in a vertically swingable manner. It is attached to the feeder case 50 so as to be swingable up and down around the pivot shaft 56C.
The support main body 56A is disposed along the inside of both side surface portions 50B of the feeder case 50, and the shaft portion 56B and the pivot shaft 56C are respectively provided on both side surface portions 50B of the feeder case 50 as shown in FIG. It is provided in a state of penetrating through and the end portion protruding outward.
As shown in FIG. 5, the support body 56A and the pivot shaft 56C have a horizontal boss 56D fixed to the rear portion of the support body 56A, and the pivot shaft 56C has a boss at the end. It is provided in a state of penetrating the inner space of the portion 56D. Since the pivot shaft 56C and the boss portion 56D are fitted so as to be relatively rotatable around the pivot shaft core, the support body 56A swings smoothly around the pivot shaft 56C via the boss portion 56D. can do.

The first hole H1 of the feeder case 50 through which the pivot shaft 56C passes is formed as a long hole along the longitudinal direction of the feeder 5 (see FIG. 6). By moving the fixed position of the pivot shaft 56C along this elongated hole, the distance of the front ring body 52a with respect to the rear ring body 52b can be adjusted back and forth, and as a result, the slack adjustment of the chain 52c can be performed. .
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the front-rear adjusting mechanism 57 for the fixed position of the pivot shaft 56 </ b> C includes a bracket 57 a provided on the side surface portion 50 </ b> B of the feeder case 50, a head having an L-shaped cross section, An adjustment bolt 57b for inserting the bracket 57a and a pair of adjustment nuts 57c screwed to the adjustment bolt 57b with the bracket 57a interposed therebetween are provided on the head of the L-shaped cross section of the adjustment bolt 57b. With the pivot shaft 56C screwed, the mounting position of the pivot shaft 56C can be adjusted back and forth by adjusting the screwing position of the adjustment nut 57c to the adjustment bolt 57b back and forth.
When the support body 56A swings up and down around the pivot shaft 56C, the pivot shaft 56C comes into contact with the edge of the first hole H1 and cannot move up or down, or the pivot shaft Since 56C is in a state in which it cannot move up and down with respect to the first hole H1 by the tightening force of the bolt, it is possible to prevent an excessive force in the vertical direction from acting on the front-rear adjustment mechanism 57.

The second hole portion (corresponding to the hole portion according to the present invention) H2 of the feeder case 50 through which the shaft portion 56B passes is formed as a long hole along the longitudinal direction of the feeder 5 like the first hole portion H1. In addition, the front and rear slide of the shaft portion 56B in the second hole H2 is allowed, so that the front and rear adjustment of the pivot shaft 56C is not hindered. In addition, the vertical dimension (short dimension) of the second hole H2 is set to a value with a margin so that the shaft part 56B can move up and down within the hole (see FIG. 6). Accordingly, the shaft portion 56B is allowed to move up and down within the minor diameter range of the second hole H2, and the support body 56A to which the shaft portion 56B is attached swings up and down around the pivot shaft 56C. Can do. Along with this, the front ring body 52a supported by the support body 56A can also move up and down. The slide mechanism U is constituted by the second hole H2.
In addition, a coil spring 59 (corresponding to a spring member) 59 is attached to the protruding tip end portion of the shaft portion 56B penetrating the second hole H2 so as to extend to the lower end protruding portion 50a of the side surface portion 50B of the feeder case 50. Due to the tensile force of the coil spring 5, the shaft portion 56B is urged so as to contact the lower edge portion of the second hole portion H2. This state becomes the swing lower limit position of the support body 56A.
Therefore, in a normal state, as shown in FIG. 6, the support body 56A is held at the swing lower limit position.

Further, when the amount of the harvested cereal meal fed from the auger 15 temporarily increases, as shown in FIG. 7, the harvested grain meal is bitten into the gap S and the front wheel 52a is moved. It works to push up. When the rotational moment around the pivot shaft 56C due to the pushing force exceeds the rotational moment due to the tensile force of the coil spring 59, the coil spring 59 is stretched and the support body 56A swings upward around the pivot shaft 56C. . Along with this, an increase in the gap S is allowed, and clogging of the harvested cereal meal into the gap S can be mitigated.
If the amount of the harvested cereal meal is reduced, the support main body 56a is returned to the swinging lower limit position by the biasing force in the pulling direction by the coil spring 59, and the dimension of the gap S also returns to the original minimum. .
The biasing mechanism F is constituted by the coil spring 59.

  Incidentally, a reinforcing material 50b having an L-shaped cross section is fixed to the upper edge and the lower edge of the edge of the second hole H2 by welding. Since the periphery of the hole is reinforced by the reinforcing member 50b, even if the shaft portion 56B strongly contacts the edge of the second hole portion H2, it can be received in a stable state.

On the other hand, a work lamp 60 that irradiates light to the front portion including the cutting portion 4 is attached to the front end portion of the upper surface portion 50C of the feeder case 50 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
As shown in FIG. 10, the working lamp 60 includes a stay portion 60A having a lower end portion attached to the feeder case 50, and an irradiation portion 60B attached to the upper end of the stay portion 60A so that the irradiation direction can be changed in the vertical direction. And is configured.
Since the irradiation unit 60B can swing up and down, for example, light can be applied to a portion between the auger 15 and the front ring body 52a, light can be applied to the front, and switching can be freely performed. .

As shown in FIG. 4, a frame 50 </ b> D is provided along the outer peripheral surface of the feeder case 50 at the front and rear central portions of the feeder 5, and the hydraulic pressure extends across the frame 50 </ b> D provided on the bottom surface portion 50 </ b> A and the body frame 1. A cylinder 58 is attached.
When the hydraulic cylinder 58 is extended, the platform 14 is in a non-working state in which the platform 14 is lifted from the ground. However, a lock mechanism R is provided for maintaining the extended state.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lock mechanism R includes a channel member 61 that is attached to the frame 50 </ b> D so as to be swingable up and down.
The channel member 61 is attached to the frame 50D with a cylinder pin 62 that attaches the hydraulic cylinder 58 to the frame 50D as a pivot shaft.
When the channel member 61 is swung downward, the channel member 61 is fitted into the cylinder rod portion 58A of the extended hydraulic cylinder 58, and the lower end portion of the channel member 61 abuts against the upper end surface portion of the cylinder portion 58B. Become. Accordingly, the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 58 can be prevented by the channel member 61.
Incidentally, as described above, the channel member 61 is pivotally supported by the cylinder pin 62, but the pivoted portion is connected to the pair of mounting plate portions 61a extending from the main body of the channel member 61 to one end side. The pin 62 is penetrated. Further, a retaining bolt 64 for preventing the cylinder pin 62 from being detached is detachably attached to the one mounting plate 62a. Specifically, the cylinder pin 62 is prevented from coming off by the hook-like portion 64 a at the head of the retaining bolt 64 being located at the position where it covers the enlarged diameter head 62 a of the cylinder pin 62.

Further, in order to bring the platform 14 into a working state in which the platform 14 is lowered to the ground, it is necessary to contract the hydraulic cylinder 58. At this time, the channel member 61 is swung upward to cause the bottom surface of the feeder 5 to move. The retracted posture is taken along the part 50A.
When the channel member 61 is in the retracted position, a downwardly-extending head pin 63 is inserted between the frame 50D and the channel member 61 so that the snap-off snap pin 63a can be attached to the distal end portion to prevent downward swinging. Thus, the retracted posture can be maintained.
Further, when the snap pin 63a is attached to the tip of the head diameter expanding pin 63, the retracted posture can be more reliably maintained.

[Another embodiment]
<1> In the previous embodiment, the clearance enlargement allowing mechanism K has been described with respect to the mechanism in which the front ring body 52a rises with respect to the bottom surface part 50A, but instead of this embodiment, for example, the front ring body It may be configured such that the bottom surface portion 50A is lowered with respect to 52a, or may be provided with both the raising mechanism of the front ring body 52a and the lowering mechanism of the bottom surface portion 50A.
(2) In the previous embodiment, the urging mechanism F has been described using the coil spring 59 that urges the shaft portion 56B downward as an example. However, the urging mechanism F may be configured by an elastic member other than the coil spring 59, or It may be configured by dropping a weight on the shaft portion 56B.
Further, when the weight of the conveyor 52 itself can be set large, it is not always necessary to provide an urging mechanism. That is, the gap S is returned to the initial value by the weight of the conveyor 52.

  The present invention can be applied to an ordinary combine combiner having a mechanism for feeding a harvested cereal to a feeder by a drive.

4 Cutting part 5 Feeder 6 Threshing device 50 Feeder case 50A Bottom face part 50B Side face part 50b Reinforcement material 52 Conveyor 52a Front ring body (equivalent to a ring body)
52b Rear wheel (corresponds to a wheel)
52c chain 56 support part 56B shaft part 59 coil spring (equivalent to a spring member)
F urging mechanism H2 2nd hole (corresponding to hole)
K gap widening allowance mechanism S gap U slide mechanism

Claims (5)

A cutting part provided in front of the traveling aircraft,
A threshing device disposed on the rear side of the cutting part;
A normal combine comprising a feeder for conveying the harvested cereals harvested by the harvesting unit to the threshing device,
The feeder has a cylindrical feeder case in which a front end opening is disposed on the cutting part side and a rear end opening is disposed on the threshing apparatus side,
The harvested cereal rice cake that is attached in the feeder case and is taken in from the front end opening is provided with a conveyor that conveys the rear case portion opening side with a gap between the feeder case and the bottom surface of the feeder case as a conveying space. And
The normal combine which is provided with the clearance expansion allowance mechanism which permits the height dimension of the clearance to increase with the biting of the harvested cereal meal into the clearance at the front end opening. The conveyor is composed of a chain conveyor including a pair of front and rear wheel bodies rotatable around a horizontal axis, and a chain wound around the pair of front and rear wheel bodies,
2. The ordinary combine according to claim 1, wherein the gap enlargement allowance mechanism is configured by a slide mechanism in which the front wheel body moves upward with respect to a bottom surface portion of the feeder case.   The ordinary combine according to claim 2, further comprising an urging mechanism for urging the front wheel body toward the bottom surface of the feeder case. The support portion that rotatably supports the front-side ring body is provided with shaft portions that penetrate both side surface portions of the feeder case,
The slide mechanism is configured by providing holes on both side surfaces of the feeder case where the inserted shaft portion can move up and down,
4. The ordinary combine according to claim 3, wherein the urging mechanism is configured by a spring member attached in a state in which an urging force is applied to the shaft portion protruding outward from the hole portion.   The ordinary combine according to claim 4, wherein a reinforcing material is provided on at least an extension line of a movement locus of the shaft portion by the slide mechanism in an edge portion of the hole portion.

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