JP2012177229A - Construction method of wall by spraying - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for constructing a wall by spraying mortar in a plurality of times after arranging wall reinforcements which can prevent formation of a gap due to settlement of mortar after the end of mortar's spraying and which enables filling the gap later when the settlement occurs.SOLUTION: A sheathing board 6 for blocking an opening 2 is arranged in a portion of the thickness direction of a wall 1 in the opening 2 in which the wall 1 is constructed while a wall reinforcement 7 having a vertical reinforcement 7a and a lateral reinforcement 7b is arranged on the side of wall 1's construction with respect to the sheathing board 6, and wire materials 8a,8b at least in two directions are arranged in the crossing state on the side opposite to the sheathing board 6 across the wall reinforcement 7. The interval between the wire materials 8a,8a (8b,8b) is smaller than the interval between the vertical reinforcements 7a,7a and the lateral reinforcements 7b,7b of the wall reinforcement 7, and after a net member 8 which can be a sheathing board of the wall 1 to be constructed is arranged in parallel with the sheathing board 6, in a construction area divided into plural stages in the height direction of the wall 1, mortar 9 is sprayed and cured per divided section unit repeatedly so as to construct the wall 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing a wall by spraying, in which a wall such as a seismic wall is constructed by spraying a plurality of mortars after the placement of wall reinforcing bars.

  For example, a new wall such as a partition wall or a seismic wall is built in the opening surrounded by a frame consisting of pillars and beams in an existing structure, or it is overlaid on the existing wall and added to the new wall. When using the mortar spraying method for finishing, in order to keep the sprayed mortar from adhering to the wall rebar and prevent dripping, multiple layers of mortar walls in the thickness direction are used. It is divided into a plurality of times and sprayed with mortar divided into a plurality of times (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The mortar adheres as it is sprayed from the nozzle at the tip of the spray gun using compressed air by spraying on the barrier plate or wall rebar to be sprayed, and hardens as time passes. A wall body is formed by growing while laminating in the vertical direction.

  The mortar used in the spraying method is adjusted (prepared) from the viewpoint of spraying workability by spraying. From the relationship of the water / powder ratio, if the spraying thickness is about 10 mm or less, the mortar can be applied to the barrier plate or the wall reinforcing bar. The adhesion state after spraying can be maintained, and it has a viscosity that does not peel off from the adhesion state. For this reason, it is sprayed at a thickness of about 6 to 10 mm per one time (one layer), and a wall having a thickness of about 30 mm is obtained by repeating the spraying operation for forming a layer of this thickness several times in the wall thickness direction. Is constructed (see Patent Document 1).

  In this way, the mortar used in the spraying method can maintain its adhesion state with its own viscosity before curing, so the application target of the mortar spraying method is conventionally about several tens of millimeters in wall thickness. It is limited to the partition wall, and is not suitable for construction of earthquake resistant walls (bearing walls) with a thickness exceeding 100 mm.

  In the case of a seismic wall (bearing wall) with a thickness exceeding 100 mm, for example, a reinforcing bar (wall reinforcing bar) is placed inside a hardened mortar frame (structure), spraying per one time that can maintain the adhesion state Due to the limitation of thickness (layer thickness), the number of times of spraying increases and the construction period becomes longer. Therefore, the construction method by spraying is not a rational method and is not adopted for a seismic wall. If you try to increase the spraying thickness per time, the wall of the mortar's mass (self-weight) will not be able to maintain the viscosity of the mortar itself, and it will be easy to peel off. I can't.

  The interval (pitch) between the vertical and horizontal bars of the wall reinforcing bar placed inside the earthquake-resistant wall is about 150 to 200 mm. From the relationship between the rectangular opening area surrounded by the vertical and horizontal bars and the surface tension of the mortar In addition, it is difficult to maintain the state where the sprayed mortar has a thickness and is attached to the reinforcing bars in each direction, so that the interval between the wall reinforcing bars is not useful for preventing the collapse of the mortar.

  Because of the above circumstances, the wall rebar to which the sprayed mortar adheres may be placed parallel to the in-plane direction of the wall, and the direction of growth by stacking the mortar is the same as the thickness direction of the wall Therefore, the construction of the wall by spraying the mortar is performed by a method in which the spraying operation is divided for each spray region of the mortar divided into a plurality of layers in the thickness direction.

  There is also a method of reducing the fluidity of the mortar by mixing short fibers in the mortar, ensuring the ease of attachment to the wall rebar, and preventing dripping after spraying (see Patent Document 3). The division of spraying is divided in the wall thickness direction as in Patent Documents 1 and 2.

JP-A-8-49329 (Claim 3, paragraphs 0008, 0018 to 0020, FIG. 1) JP-A-10-152927 (paragraphs 0003 to 0004, 0012 to 0014, FIGS. 2, 4, and 5) JP 2000-336945 A (Claim 1, paragraphs 0020 to 0021, FIG. 2)

  In the method of dividing the mortar spraying work section in the wall thickness direction as described above, spraying is performed from the lower end of the opening to the upper end in units of one layer, and this spraying work for each layer is performed for a plurality of layers corresponding to the wall thickness. This will complete the wall construction. Because of this relationship, once the construction section is over the entire wall (total height), the mortar that has been sprayed first settles (falls) gradually before curing, and the top of the spray layer and the top of the opening (of the structure) An air gap may occur between the lower end and the lower end. In particular, once the height of the construction section extends over the entire height of the wall, vertical shrinkage tends to occur, and the top of each layer settles unevenly for each sectioned layer, so that the top of the wall where construction has been completed Prone to unevenness.

  Also, by spraying from the bottom to the top of the opening in one construction section, when the final layer on the mortar spraying side is completed, the gap between the top of the final layer and the bottom of the opening If there is an unbalanced settling in the layer on the shore side (dam plate side) from the final layer, it is also possible to check the section where the settling occurs. It will be impossible to repair.

  As described above, in the method of dividing the mortar spraying work section in the thickness direction of the wall, as a result of the sedimentation at the top of the wall, the integrity of the constructed wall and the existing frame is impaired, and the stress transmission between them is sufficient. There is a problem that it becomes difficult to process when sedimentation occurs, such as a defect part that is not performed, and the wall construction method by spraying mortar is limited to a wall with a wall thickness of about 100 mm, for example, about 300 mm It is not applied to thick walls.

Furthermore, as long as there is no adhesion target of mortar such as wall rebar at the mortar spray end position in each layer unit in the wall thickness direction that is a mortar spraying section, it tries to cause dripping due to gravity immediately after spraying, Since it is necessary to arrange wall reinforcement for each layer or reticulated surface material for mortar adhesion, or to prevent dripping such as pressing with a trowel every time it is sprayed, the construction period can be prolonged. Absent.

  From the above background, the present invention avoids the generation of voids due to mortar settling after the mortar spraying is completed, and enables post-packing when settling occurs. We propose a method of building walls by spraying that makes it possible.

The method of building a wall by spraying according to the invention of claim 1
In a state where a barrier plate that closes the opening portion is disposed in a part of the wall thickness direction in the opening portion where the wall is to be constructed, a wall reinforcing bar having a vertical bar and a horizontal bar is provided on the wall building side of the barrier plate. In addition to the bar arrangement, on the opposite side of the barrier plate sandwiching the wall reinforcing bars, at least two directions of wire rods are arranged so as to cross each other, and the interval between the wire rods in each direction is larger than the interval between the vertical bars and the horizontal bars of the wall reinforcing bars. After arranging a small mesh member parallel to the dam plate, which can be a dam plate of the wall to be constructed,
The construction area of the wall sandwiched between the weir plate and the mesh member is divided into a plurality of stages in the height direction, and the weir is directed from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening in the divided section unit. After spraying mortar in the space between the plate and the net member, and securing a certain curing time every time when the spraying for one stage of the section unit is completed, spray the mortar by the section unit on the upper stage. A construction requirement is that the wall is constructed by repeating the work for securing the curing time for the plurality of stages.

  A wall rebar has "longitudinal and transverse bars" means that the wall rebar is composed of two reinforcing bars, vertical and horizontal bars, and in addition to these two reinforcing bars, a resistance element against the oblique tension generated inside the wall When the diagonal reinforcing bars are arranged, or when the grid reinforcing bars consisting of vertical and horizontal bars are arranged in two stages in the wall thickness direction, reinforcing bars that connect the two grid reinforcing bars are arranged. It means that it may be streaked.

  The “dam plate 6” which is disposed in a part of the thickness direction of the wall 1 to be constructed in the opening 2 and closes the opening 2 is the thickness of the wall 1 as shown in FIGS. 7- (a) and (c). There is a case where it is arranged on one side in the vertical direction and a case where it is arranged in the middle part in the thickness direction as shown in FIG. When the dam plate 6 is arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the wall 1, the mortar 9 is sprayed toward the intermediate portion side in the thickness direction of the wall 1 as shown in FIGS. 7-(a) and (c). Is disposed in the middle portion of the wall 1 in the thickness direction, the mortar 9 is sprayed on both sides of the barrier plate 6 as shown in FIG. When the dam plate 6 is arranged on one side in the thickness direction of the wall 1, it is arranged within the range of the width of the beam 4 constituting the opening 2 as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. And as shown in (c), it may be arranged outside the range of the beam 4 width.

  In either case, the net member 8 plays a role of blocking the mortar 9 sprayed in a pair with the barrier plate 6 together with the wall rebar 7 as will be described later, and therefore sandwiches the spray layer of the mortar 9 that becomes the wall 1. It is arranged on the side facing the weir plate 6. 7- (a) and (c), the net member 8 is arranged on the other side which is one side of the barrier plate 6, and in the case of (b), it is arranged on both sides of the barrier plate 6.

  As shown in FIG. 8- (a), the “dam plate 6” is not temporarily disposed with respect to the opening 2 when the wall 1 is newly constructed later, as in the case where the structure is an existing structure. ), As shown in (b), it is an existing wall when a wall such as a partition wall exists on one side in the thickness direction (out-of-plane direction) of the opening 2 (the existing wall also serves as a dam plate) is there. The opening 2 may be composed of adjacent columns and upper and lower beams (including the foundation), or may be composed of columns and upper and lower slabs, or may be composed of adjacent walls and upper and lower beams, or slabs.

  If the existing wall also serves as a dam plate and is left as it is, is the existing wall integrated with a newly-added casing made of wall rebar 7 and mortar 9 as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and (b)? Regardless of whether or not, as a part of the wall 1 that is basically completed, proof stress and rigidity are exhibited. FIG. 8- (a) shows a case where integrity with the housing is ensured, and FIG. 8- (b) shows a case where integrity is not ensured.

  The dam plate "closes the opening" means to close the opening as a dam plate for blocking the mortar sprayed against the dam plate, and there is no hole or opening in the dam plate itself is not. Therefore, since the barrier plate only needs to function substantially as a barrier plate, it may be a blind plate or a mesh-shaped perforated plate. May be taken in as part (discarded formwork). The wall includes a partition wall, a seismic wall (bearing wall), a sleeve wall, a drooping wall, a waist wall, etc., depending on the construction object (part of the opening).

  The term “at least two directions of wire rods” of the net member means “two directions of wire rods” means that the grid members intersect in two directions of horizontal and vertical directions, or at least in the horizontal and vertical directions. It means to intersect two directions inclined in either direction. Since it is “at least”, the wire may cross in more than three directions. The shape of the mesh (opening) formed by the wire in the two directions is determined according to the intersecting state of the wires in the two directions. If the wire rod is added, the mesh has a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a hexagonal shape, or the like.

  “The spacing between the wires is smaller than the spacing between the vertical and horizontal bars of the wall reinforcement” means that the spacing between adjacent wires is larger than the spacing (pitch) between the vertical bars that make up the wall reinforcement and the spacing between the horizontal bars (pitch). (Pitch) is small, for example, the interval (pitch) between vertical bars and horizontal bars of a general wall reinforcing bar is 150 to 200 mm, whereas the interval (pitch) between wire members of a net member is 50 to Saying that it is about 75 mm. Since the interval (pitch) of about 50 to 75 mm between the wire rods is about the interval of the welded wire mesh (wire mesh), the use of a welded wire mesh is assumed as the mesh member. The interval (pitch) is not questioned.

  “The interval between the wire rods is smaller than the interval between the vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars of the wall rebar” means that the mesh of the mesh member is finer than the mesh of the wall reinforcing bar. More specifically, the wall rebar has adhesion effects when spraying mortar, and the mortar spreads freely in the space between the weir plate and the net member through the space between the vertical and horizontal bars (mesh). However, it is stated that the mortar adheres to the wire material of the mesh member when sprayed, and the mesh material has such fineness that the effect of covering the mesh formed by the wire material is expected. Furthermore, it describes that the mortar adheres to the wire due to viscosity when sprayed, and has a fineness of the mesh that can exert the function of covering the mesh formed by the wire by surface tension.

  As the thickness (diameter) of the wire constituting the net member is larger (thicker), the surface area per wire is larger. Therefore, it is advantageous to increase the thickness of the wire in terms of adhesion of mortar and prevention of dripping due to adhesion. It can be said that. However, if the thickness of the wire is increased, the ratio of the area of the mesh opening to the interval (pitch) between the wires is reduced, and spraying is applied to the mesh member having a certain interval (pitch) as described later. Since it becomes difficult to insert the nozzle at the tip of the gun into the inside of the mesh member (the dam plate side with respect to the mesh member), the thickness of the wire is determined by the balance between the spraying workability by inserting the nozzle and the adhesion effect of the mortar. The fact that the greater the thickness of the wire is, the higher the effect of adhesion of the mortar applies to the wall rebar as follows.

  The vertical and horizontal bars that make up the wall reinforcement placed inside the wall are thicker than the wire that makes up the above-mentioned mesh member, especially if it is a deformed reinforcement, the surface area may be larger than that of round steel, and adhesion of mortar The effect (attachment amount) is overwhelmingly larger than the wire of the net member. As described above, the interval (pitch) between the vertical and horizontal bars constituting the wall reinforcing bar is larger than the interval (pitch) between the wire members in each direction of the mesh member, and the area of the opening defined by the adjacent vertical and horizontal bars. Is larger than the area of the opening of the mesh member, but because of the high adhesion effect of the mortar due to the surface area of the reinforcing bars (longitudinal and transverse bars) itself, the wall reinforcement is similar to that of the mesh member. Also exerts a blocking effect.

  Due to the adhesion effect of the vertical and horizontal bars themselves, the wall reinforcing bars arranged on the mortar spray side (mesh member side) in the thickness direction of the wall are moved to the mortar mesh member side sprayed toward the dam plate side. In order to suppress leakage (damming), it should be arranged in pairs (pairs) so as to overlap the mesh member on the mortar spray side in the wall thickness direction or close to the mesh member Thus, the sprayed mortar is double-dammed by the wall rebar and the net member on the spray side.

  Therefore, the net member alone does not dam the mortar that tries to flow out to the net member side, but it is only necessary to dam the part that the wall rebars paired with the net member could not be dammed. Therefore, the pressure from the mortar that is received is smaller than that in the case where the wall reinforcing bars are not paired, and the mortar is easily dammed on the blowing side (net member side). The relationship between the pressure that the mesh member receives from the mortar and the amount of mortar will be described later.

  As the sprayed mortar is double-dammed by the wall rebar and the mesh member, the mortar is the same as the dam plate arranged on the side facing the mesh member on the mesh member side which is the spraying side of the mortar. There is no need to arrange a special dam for the dam. Further, the work such as pressing with a trowel before the mortar curing, which has been conventionally required, becomes unnecessary, and the work period can be shortened as compared with the conventional method because the measures for preventing the sagging are unnecessary.

  In the present invention, when the wall thickness to be constructed is large, the mortar spraying section may be divided into a plurality of layers in the wall thickness direction as shown in FIG. Correspondingly, the spraying section is divided corresponding to the position of the wall reinforcement that is arranged in multiple steps in the wall thickness direction, so that the wall reinforcement in each section (each layer) is also used for mortar adhesion. Therefore, there is no need to add wall reinforcing bars or face materials only for the purpose of preventing mortar dripping.

  It is sprayed between the dam plate 6 and the mesh member 8 and adheres to the wall rebar 7 or the mesh member 8 of the mortar 9 which is about to be dammed by the wall rebar 7 and the mesh member 8 while being filled between the two. The portion that could not be removed hangs down from the wall rebar 7 or the net member 8 and tries to flow (fall) to the surface side. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, if the horizontal bar 7b of the wall reinforcing bar 7 is located on the net member 8 side (the surface side of the wall 1) from the vertical bar 7a (Claim 3), the horizontal bar 7b is directed to the horizontal direction. Due to the adhesion effect of the mortar, it is expected that the mortar 9 is prevented from falling more than the case where the vertical bars 7a are located on the net member 8 side.

  The mortar 9 is sprayed from the surface side of the mesh member 8 or from the position where it enters the back side of the mesh member 8 (the weir plate 6 side) from the mesh of the mesh member 8 to the weir plate 6 side. However, since the flow of the mortar 9 is blocked on the side of the barrier plate 6, the mortar 9 is a mesh member in the in-plane direction of the wall 1 and in the wall thickness direction as shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b). Try to flow to the 8th side.

  At this time, the mortar 9 adheres to the wall rebar 7 and the mesh member 8 from the side of the dam plate 6 to be dammed, but the inner surface (dam plate 6 side) of the wall rebar 7 or the inside of the mesh member 8 (weir) When the mortar 9 adhering to the surface of the plate 6 side leaks to the outside (spraying side) in the wall thickness direction and tries to exceed the wall rebar 7 or the wire 8a, 8b of the net member 8, for example in the horizontal direction It is assumed that it is about to drip vertically downward from the facing wire 8b with its own weight.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal stripes 7 b facing in the horizontal direction are relatively outside the region between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8 (on the surface side of the wall 1) relative to the vertical stripes 7 a pointing in the vertical direction. If it is located, the mortar 9 about to hang out from the opening (mesh) formed by the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b in the two directions tends to adhere to the horizontal bars 7b facing in the horizontal direction. This contributes to preventing the mortar 9 from dropping due to the adhesive force. This is based on the fact that the adhesion maintaining effect of the mortar 9 having fluidity on the horizontal stripes 7b oriented in the horizontal direction is higher than the adhesion maintenance effect on the vertical stripes 7a oriented in the vertical direction that are easily affected by gravity.

  Therefore, in a state where the horizontal bars 7b facing the horizontal direction are arranged outside the wall 1 (on the opposite side of the barrier plate 6) with respect to the vertical bars 7a, the vertical bars 7a located on the barrier plate 6 side are integrated by welding, binding, or the like. When the wall reinforcing bar 7 is used, the horizontal bar 7b functions to prevent the mortar 9 that is about to drop from the opening (mesh) immediately before the horizontal bar 7b. The position will have meaning.

  The fact that the effect of maintaining the adhesion of the mortar 9 to the horizontal bars 7b is higher than the effect of maintaining the adhesion to the vertical bars 7a can also be said to the wires 8a and 8b arranged in at least two directions constituting the net member 8. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the net member 8 is composed of, for example, two-direction wire rods 8a and 8b facing the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the wire rod 8b facing the horizontal direction becomes the wire rod 8a facing the vertical direction. On the other hand, if it is located relatively outside the region (on the surface side of the wall 1), the mortar 9 that attempts to droop from the opening (mesh) formed by the two-direction wire rods 8a and 8b faces the horizontal direction. In order to adhere to the wire 8b, it is expected that the horizontal wire 8b is prevented from dropping the mortar 9 which is about to sag due to the adhesion force.

  Therefore, when the horizontal bar 7b of the wall reinforcing bar 7 is located closer to the net member 8 than the vertical bar 7a, if the wire 8b facing the horizontal direction is located closer to the surface side of the wall 1 than the wire 8a facing the vertical direction, In addition to the fact that the wire 8b facing in the horizontal direction is located outside the wall 1, the effect of preventing the mortar 9 from dripping to the spraying side can be obtained twice, and the dripping suppression effect of the mortar 9 is further improved.

  In claim 1, the net member “can be a dam plate of the wall to be constructed” means that the mortar sprayed toward the region (space) sandwiched between the dam plate and the net member is in two or more directions of the net member It means that the net member can exhibit the function of maintaining the state of being held by the net member without substantially leaking out from the net (opening) of the minimum unit square or triangle surrounded by the wire. The mortar in the liquid state exerts surface tension due to viscosity in the mesh of the mesh member and tries to maintain the state of adhering to the wire by surface tension within the range of the mesh size that can close the mesh. The net member is dammed and held like a dam plate.

  The ability to maintain the mortar attached to the wire basically means that the viscosity determined by the water / powder ratio of the mortar itself and the spacing (pitch) between the wires in the two directions, that is, the mesh formed by the wires in the two directions ( The distance between the wires (pitch) or the mesh (opening) is small and the thickness of the wire is large. Better.

  However, if the spacing between the wires or the mesh is too small, the nozzle at the tip of the spray gun that sprays mortar as described above from the outside of the area (space) sandwiched between the weir plate and the mesh member, the inside of the mesh member (with respect to the mesh member) When trying to insert into the dam plate side), it becomes difficult to insert the nozzle between the wire rods or into the opening and to freely change the inclination angle of the nozzle, which may cause trouble in the spraying workability. . From this relationship, the size of the mesh (opening) (interval between wires) is determined by the balance between the viscosity of the mortar and the spraying workability including the position of the nozzle.

  The mortar is sprayed in a pressurized state with compressed air from the lower layer side of the opening to the upper layer side sequentially in the divided section unit to the wall construction area divided into multiple stages in the height direction Thus, the gap is filled between the barrier plate and the net member. Mortar swells from the lower layer side to the upper layer side by spraying in sections divided into multiple stages, but at the time of spraying, the wall is located in the space between the dam plate and the net member from the direction of spray gun direction Since it grows (bulges) in the thickness direction, it also spreads in the wall thickness direction.

  The mortar having fluidity tends to spread in the thickness direction of the wall, but on the mesh member side, it adheres to the wall rebar and the wire member of the mesh member due to viscosity and tends to be dammed. The sprayed mortar is finally, that is, when the mortar is about to harden, the mortar depends on its own viscosity, and the ratio of height to width in the wall thickness direction in a construction section is within a certain range. Try to balance so that it stays at the size of.

  The mortar 9 is sprayed over the entire thickness of the wall 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the mortar 9 is sprayed over at least a part of the total thickness of the wall 1 as shown in FIG. There is. 1 and 2 has a width of the distance between the weir plate 6 and the net member 8 in the wall thickness direction, and the height of the divided section (one step) in the height direction. It becomes an area with. When the spraying section is divided into a plurality of layers (two or more layers) in the wall thickness direction as shown in FIG. 6, the divided section is divided into a plurality of stages in the height direction of the wall 1. The construction section is a region having a width of one layer in the thickness direction of the wall 1 and a height of one step in the height direction.

  When one construction section is also divided in the wall thickness direction, the net member 8 is arranged on the spraying side of the mortar 9 in each layer unit in the wall thickness direction as shown in FIG. The mesh member 8 is disposed at the boundary between the layers to be separated, and the layers adjacent in the wall thickness direction are partitioned by the mesh member 8.

  The mortar 9 having fluidity before starting to cure tends to spread in the horizontal direction, that is, the thickness direction of the wall 1 (wall thickness direction) and the in-plane direction. At this time, of the both sides in the wall thickness direction, the barrier plate 6 side is completely blocked by the barrier plate 6 as shown in FIG. 11- (a). As long as the mesh of the mesh member 8 can be maintained, the wall rebar 7 and the mesh member 8 are dammed up.

  As shown in FIGS. 11- (a) and (b), the mortar 9 having fluidity in a lump state has a mass (wall thickness × spraying height (spraying) according to the amount forming the lump. A pressure P related (proportional) to (quantity) × specific gravity) and viscosity is applied to the weir plate 6 and the net member 8 in the wall thickness direction. Since the flow of the mortar 9 is not restricted in the in-plane direction of the wall 1 and there is no partner that exerts the pressure P, the mortar 9 tends to flow freely. The weir plate 6 and the net member 8 exert reaction forces P ′ and P ″ (<P ′) on the mortar 9 in the lump state, but the state in which the reaction force P ″ from the net member 8 is generated is The member 8 also functions as a barrier plate.

  The mortar 9 receives pressures P ′ and P ″ in the wall thickness direction, so that it flows in the in-plane direction of the wall 1 in the orthogonal direction and equilibrates when it spreads over a certain area. It is thought that the spraying height of the mortar 9 is determined according to the above.Therefore, the spraying height determined according to the conditions such as the wall thickness, the spraying amount (volume), the viscosity of the mortar 9, etc. is used as a guide, and is divided into the above-mentioned multiple stages. If it is set to the height of one spraying section (one stage) that is one section, and the spraying (injection) amount of the mortar 9 is limited so as not to exceed the set height, from the net member 8 It is possible to reliably prevent dripping (leakage).

  For the reasons as described above, the work area per time is divided into a vertical plane having a thickness of several to several tens of millimeters by adhesion of the mortar to the wall rebar by spraying, and the spray layer is arranged in the wall thickness direction. Unlike the conventional method of constructing the wall to be laminated, the method of spreading the mortar 9 after spraying in the wall thickness direction within the thickness range of the wall 1 to be constructed and limiting the spraying (filling) section in the height direction is It can be said that this is a very effective technique for filling the mortar 9 having fluidity densely from the lower layer side to the upper layer side.

  By adhering the mortar 9 to the wall rebar 7 and the net member 8 due to its viscosity and surface tension and damming it, the mortar 9 diffuses in the direction of one surface of the wall and equilibrates with a certain extent, Although it is a construction method of the wall 1 by the spraying method, it is possible to suppress dripping from the net member 8.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the mortar 9 is sprayed in units of sections (A to D) divided into a plurality in the height direction of the wall 1, and a certain curing period is ensured every time the spraying operation to one section is completed. Thus, since the mortar 9 to be settled in each layer unit settles during the curing period and completes, generation of voids due to insufficient sedimentation in each layer is avoided. In addition, since the mortar 9 in the plurality of sections (A to D) divided in the height direction is accumulated from the section on the lower layer side toward the upper layer side, there is a gap between the sections adjacent in the height direction. Is also avoided.

  By avoiding the generation of voids between the layers divided in the height direction, even when existing walls such as existing walls exist adjacent to the spraying area of the mortar 9, the integrity with the existing chassis is ensured. Therefore, stress transmission between the casing of the sprayed portion of the mortar 9 and the existing casing is also ensured. Therefore, as in the conventional method of dividing the mortar spraying work section in the wall thickness direction, there is no occurrence of a situation where the integrity of the existing wall or the like with the existing wall is lost due to the mortar settling after the spraying, Stress transmission between the mortar sprayed portion and the existing housing is not insufficient.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the mortar 9 is jetted from the nozzle 10 a while being pressurized with compressed air, so that it faces the barrier plate 6 and is disposed on the opposite side of the barrier plate 6 with the wall rebar 7 interposed therebetween. Even when sprayed from the surface side (outside) of the mesh member 8, the mortar 9 is not necessarily connected to the weir plate 6 in order to be injected and filled into the region (space) between the weir plate 6 and the mesh member 8. It is not necessary to inject from the area | region inside the wall 1 pinched | interposed with the net | network member 8. FIG. However, if the mortar 9 is sprayed directly from the inner region of the wall 1 (Claim 2), the mortar 9 spreads from the inner side of the wall 1 to the outer side in the thickness direction, and the surface of the mesh member 8 on the side of the barrier plate 6 By reaching the (inner side surface), it becomes easy to maintain the state of adhesion to the net member 8. Therefore, in contrast to the case of spraying from the outer surface of the net member 8, the effect of suppressing dripping from the net member 8. Will be improved.

  “Directly sprayed” means that the mortar 9 is sprayed directly toward the space on the back side of the net member 8 which is the inner side of the wall 1, not the outer surface of the net member 8 with respect to the wall 1. To do. “The mortar is sprayed directly from inside the area (space) sandwiched between the weir plate and the net member (Claim 2)” means that the nozzle 10a of the spray gun 10 for spraying the mortar 9 is connected to the weir plate 6 and the net. It means that the mortar 9 is sprayed in a state where it is inserted to the region sandwiched between the members 8 or in a state close to (approaching).

  If the discharge position of the mortar 9 ejected from the nozzle 10a is on the wall 1 side with respect to the mesh member 8, this corresponds to "a state where the nozzle is inserted up to a region sandwiched between the weir plate and the mesh member". In the second aspect, the mortar 9 is sprayed (injected) from the region inside the wall 1, so that the sprayed mortar 9 spreads upward while facing the mutually facing surfaces of the weir plate 6 and the net member 8. Then, the gap is filled between the weir plate 6 and the net member 8.

  In this case, since the mortar 9 tends to adhere not from the outside of the mesh member 8 (wall) but from the inner surface of the dam plate 6 side, the mortar 9 overflows to the outside of the dam plate 6 and the mesh member 8. It becomes difficult to become. When the mortar 9 sprayed from the wall 1 side with respect to the mesh member 8 adheres to the mesh member 8 from the wall 1 side, the mortar 9 and the mesh member 8 are each an air film as shown in FIG. 11- (a). Close to the relationship between the membrane material of the structure (membrane roof) and the cable that prevents the membrane material from bulging to the outside, the net member 8 existing on the outflow side of the mortar 9 comes into contact with the mortar 9 from the outflow side. As a result, the outflow of the mortar 9 to the outside of the net member 8 is prevented. In this sense, the net member 8 has an opening (hole) and is a plate different from the blind plate, but can perform the same function as the weir plate 6 depending on the viscosity of the mortar 9.

  For example, in a state where the nozzle 10a of the spray gun 10 is disposed outside the region between the weir plate 6 and the net member 8, the mortar 9 is sprayed from the position at a distance from the net member 8 toward the inside of the wall 1 in particular. Is performed, it is considered that a part of the mortar 9 directly reaches the region between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8, but many mortars 9 are transferred from the outer surface of the net member 8 to the net member 8. Since it adheres and tries to grow toward the outside of the net member 8 in the thickness direction, it is difficult to go around the inside of the net member 8. Therefore, if there is no plate for blocking the mortar 9 to be grown in the thickness direction on the opposite side of the weir plate 6 (outside the mesh member 8) with respect to the mesh member 8, the mortar 9 adheres to the mesh member 8. The state cannot be maintained, and there is a possibility that the net member 8 tends to sag (leak) to the surface side (outside).

  On the other hand, in claim 2, the mortar 9 is directly blown toward the inside of the region between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8, so that the mortar 9 is filled from the inside of the region in the wall 1. It adheres to the member 8 from the inside and tries to grow toward the barrier plate 6 in the thickness direction. Therefore, in comparison with the case where the spray is applied from the outside of the net member 8, it is possible to obtain a state in which the net member 8 is unlikely to sag to the opposite side of the weir plate 6 (outside the net member 8).

  In addition, since the meshes (openings) of the mesh member are finer than the meshes (pitch) of the wall rebar, the mortar is more likely to adhere to the mesh member and stay than it tends to sag outside the mesh member. In the case of, for example, a welded wire mesh that can be used as a mesh member, the interval (pitch) between the wire rods is about 50 mm. Therefore, in claim 2, the mortar adheres to the mesh member from the inside. The net member is placed in a state where it tends to stay inside the member, and the net member can exert the function of the weir plate with respect to the mortar.

  In the region between the dam plate 6 and the net member 8, the wall reinforcing bars 7 composed of the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b, which are reinforcing bars of the wall 1, are arranged. Since the interval (pitch) between the bars 7a, 7a and the interval (pitch) between the horizontal bars 7b, 7b are about 150 mm, the mortar 9 attached to the wall reinforcing bar 7 is the wall reinforcing bar in the wall reinforcing bar 7 as described above. 7 can be maintained, but there is no room for exerting surface tension sufficient to close the opening surrounded by the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b.

  Accordingly, in the region sandwiched between the dam plate 6 and the net member 8, the wall rebar 7 remains in a state where the sprayed mortar 9 is adhered, but does not reach the dam, so FIG. 11- (a) As shown, the mortar 9 filled in the region between the dam plate 6 and the net member 8 tries to spread in the horizontal direction by a distance separated between the dam plate 6 and the net member 8 and sprayed mortar. It does not grow so as to be laminated in the thickness direction of the wall 1 in a state where the surface 9 is a vertical surface. The mortar 9 which tries to spread in the horizontal direction between the dam plate 6 and the mesh member 8 is dammed by the dam plate 6 on the dam plate 6 side, and the dam plate on the mesh member 8 side from the direction of adhesion of pitch and mortar. 6 will be dammed up by the net member 8 that can perform the same function as 6.

  Although the mortar 9 filled in the space (region) between the weir plate 6 and the net member 8 tends to spread in the wall thickness direction and the in-plane direction of the wall 1, it is located on both sides in the wall thickness direction as described above. By being dammed by the dam plate 6 and the net member 8, the bulge (filling) is assumed to rise in the height direction after the point of damming. Further, the mortar 9 having fluidity is filled in the height direction up to an amount in which the tendency to sag (leak) to the outside of the net member 8 and the tendency to be filled in the height direction are balanced. Try this. As a result, the mortar 9 is divided in the height direction. For example, the mortar 9 is filled from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening portion 2 in the entire height of the opening portion 2 (wall) composed of the pillar 3 and the beam 4. It will be done.

  The mortar filled in the height direction in the space between the weir plate and the net member by filling the mortar from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening in one construction section unit is time As time passes, it tries to sink. However, in claims 1 and 2, every time the mortar is filled in each section divided in the height direction, a certain curing period is secured, so that even if there is sedimentation until the mortar hardens, sedimentation occurs. Therefore, since the mortar is consolidated vertically downward, the generation of voids due to sedimentation at least between adjacent sections is avoided.

  In addition, in claims 1 and 2, since the mortar spraying (filling) is performed on the adjacent section after the sedimentation is completed, the voids due to the sedimentation are always concentrated on the layer immediately after the spraying is finished. It will be done. Therefore, even if the generation of voids due to sedimentation occurs, the final voids are concentrated between the top end of the uppermost layer, which is the final section, and the beam or the like of the opening existing thereon.

  Therefore, if the aggregated voids are sprayed (injected) with a mortar 91 for final finishing as shown in FIG. 2- (b) (Claim 4), the voids in the event of occurrence are completely removed. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of void generation.

  In Claim 4, as shown in FIGS. 2- (a) and (b), among the construction regions (A to D) of the wall 1 divided into a plurality of stages, the uppermost construction region D and the upper structure ( The finishing gap 9a is left between the lower surface of the beam 4 or the slab 5), and the finishing mortar 91 is sprayed into the finishing gap 9a later to complete the wall 1. Finally, the finishing mortar 91 is sprayed into the finishing gap 9a formed between the uppermost layer D in the construction region of the wall 1 and the upper structures 4 and 5, so that the uppermost layer D is filled. Even if the mortar 9 settles with hardening, it is possible to replenish the settled portion with the finishing mortar 91, and finally avoid the generation of voids.

  In particular, when the finishing gap 9a formed between the construction region D of the uppermost layer and the lower surfaces of the structures 4 and 5 thereon is viewed in the vertical cross section of the wall 1, If the cross-sectional shape is small and the height of the mesh member 8 side which is the spraying side of the mortar 9 is large (Claim 5), the mortar 9 (finishing) is confirmed while visually confirming the filling state from the spraying side of the mortar 9. It is possible to fill mortar 91). In addition, since the finishing gap 9a has a cross-sectional shape in which the handle of the spray gun 10 and the nozzle 10a are accommodated, it is possible to reliably fill up to the side of the spraying side (the side of the weir plate 6).

  The construction area of the wall sandwiched between the weir plate and the mesh member is divided into multiple stages in the height direction, and the mortar is placed in the construction area of the wall from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening in this divided section unit. In order to repeat the work of securing the curing time every time the spraying is completed, the mortar is attached to the wire of the net member by its viscosity and surface tension, and the mortar spray amount (volume) with respect to the wall thickness in a state where it is dammed The height of spraying determined according to conditions such as the viscosity of the mortar can be secured, and the ratio of the height to the width in the wall thickness direction can be maintained within a certain range.

  With the mortar sprayed attached to the wire rod of the mesh member, the ratio of the height to the width in the wall thickness direction can be balanced with a certain range of size in the dammed state, so that the method of building the wall by the spraying method Nevertheless, dripping from the net member can be suppressed.

  Also, the mortar is sprayed in units of sections divided in the height direction of the wall, and every time the spraying work to one section is completed, a certain curing period is ensured, while the mortar sinks in units of each layer, Since accumulation is performed from the lower layer side section toward the upper layer, generation of voids due to sedimentation can be avoided.

When building a new wall in the opening, with the weir plate placed on one side of the wall to be built and the wall reinforcement and mesh members placed on the wall side, the highest section of the section divided in the height direction It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed a mode that the mortar was sprayed on the lower stage. (A) is a longitudinal section showing the state when the mortar spraying is finished up to the uppermost section (fourth stage) in the case of FIG. 1 and a finishing gap is left between the upper structure and the upper structure. FIG. 5B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state when the final finishing mortar is sprayed on the finishing gap left in FIG. (A) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the bar arrangement state before spraying the mortar in the case of FIG. 1, (b) is an elevation view when it sees from the net | network member side of the wall thickness direction of (a). is there. (A) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a bar arrangement when an existing wall is present on one side of a wall to be constructed and the existing wall is used as a barrier plate and the wall thickness of the existing wall is increased. b) is an elevational view when viewed from the mesh member side in the wall thickness direction of (a). (A)-(e) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the construction procedure of the example shown in FIG. (A)-(e) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the construction procedure at the time of dividing the spraying of mortar into two layers in the wall thickness direction in the example shown in FIG. (A)-(c) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the structural example of the wall in the case of constructing a wall newly with respect to an opening part. (A)-(b) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the structural example of the wall in the case of adding a wall to one side of the existing wall which exists in an opening part. It is the graph which showed the relationship between water / powder ratio and intensity | strength when the mortar of the mixing | blending which made water / powder ratio different was filled in the mold. It is the graph which showed the relationship between water / powder ratio and intensity | strength when the mortar of the mixing | blending which made water / powder ratio different was cored. (A) is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the pressure and reaction force applied to the weir plate and the net member when the mortar having fluidity is in a lump state and is sprayed between the weir plate and the net member; (B) is an elevational view of (a).

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a dam plate in a state in which a dam plate 6 that closes the opening portion 2 is arranged in a part of the wall 1 in the thickness direction of the opening portion 2 in which the wall 1 is to be constructed. After arranging the wall reinforcing bars 7 having the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b on the wall 1 construction side of the wall 6 and arranging the net member 8 in parallel to the barrier plate 6 on the opposite side of the barrier plate 6 with the wall reinforcing bars 7 interposed therebetween The vertical section which showed the point of the method of building the wall 1 by repeating spraying and curing of the mortar 9 in the divided section unit in the construction region of the wall 1 divided into a plurality of stages in the height direction is shown.

  The opening 2 is, for example, surrounded or surrounded by a pillar 3, 3 in the horizontal direction, or a structure such as the pillar 3 and the wall, and the upper and lower floor beams 4, 4, or the slabs 5, 5. In the case where the construction target of the wall 1 is an existing structure, there is an existing wall in the opening 2 as shown in FIG. 8 and a case where it is not present as shown in FIG. There is. When the existing wall exists in the opening part 2, unless the existing wall is removed, the wall 1 is comprised with the wall reinforcement 7 and the mortar 9 as well as the dam plate 6 for receiving the mortar 9.

  When there is no existing wall in the opening 2 or when the existing wall is removed or when a structure is newly constructed, the dam plate 6 is disposed on one side or the middle of the opening 2. However, in the case where the barrier plate 6 is a temporary plate that is repeatedly used, the barrier plate 6 is recovered after the mortar 9 is sprayed, so that the wall 1 is composed of the wall rebar 7 and the mortar 9. . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, when the existing wall existing in the opening 2 is left, the existing wall is used as the barrier plate 6, so that the existing wall is also a component of the wall 1.

  Similarly, when the barrier plate 6 is not for temporary installation, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7- (b) and (c), it is completely embedded (filled) in the wall 1 or when it is a precast concrete plate. The barrier plate 6 also becomes a component of the wall 1 when used as a discarded formwork. Further, when, for example, a welded wire mesh is used as the mesh member 8, the welded wire mesh is embedded in the mortar 9, thereby becoming a resistance element against tensile force and having the same function as the wall reinforcing bar 7. 8 is also a component of the wall 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the section (A to D) unit of the construction region of the wall 1 divided into a plurality of stages in the height direction, the mortar 9 is directed from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening 2, It is sprayed on the space sandwiched between the net members 8. In FIG. 2A, the construction area of the wall 1 is divided into four sections A to D, but the number of divisions is arbitrary. After each stage A to D unit of spraying, which is the construction area of the wall 1, is completed, a certain curing time is ensured, and then the mortar 6 is sprayed on a section basis and a certain curing time is secured on the upper stage. The wall 1 is constructed by repeating the above steps for a plurality of stages. The mortar 6 is sprayed mainly in the thickness direction of the wall 1 because the spray gun 10 is sprayed in a state where the spray gun 10 faces from the mesh member 8 side to the barrier plate 6 side. It can be swung left and right.

  In the drawing, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a new wall 1 is constructed in the opening 2 where no existing wall in the existing structure is present, or existing in the opening 2 as shown in FIG. An example in which a new wall 1 is constructed (renovated) by increasing the number of wall structures (frames) is shown. The present invention is implemented (constructed) in the same manner as in FIGS. 1 to 3 even when the wall 1 is newly constructed in a new structure.

  The net member 8 is formed by arranging at least two-direction wire rods 8a and 8b intersecting each other and connected to each other by welding, fusing, adhesion, or the like, and is a wall to be constructed by pairing with the above-described barrier plate 6 The distance between the wires 8a, 8a (8b, 8b) in each direction is smaller than the distance between the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b of the wall reinforcing bars 7 so that the function as a single dam plate can be achieved. The mesh (opening area) formed by is smaller than the mesh (opening area) of the wall rebar 7. In the drawing, the wire rods 8a and 8b in two directions are arranged in parallel with the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b of the wall reinforcing bars 7, respectively, but the directions of the wire rods 8a and 8b are not limited. In the drawing, wires in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are indicated by 8a and 8b, respectively.

  The degree of “the mesh of the mesh member 8 is finer than the mesh of the wall reinforcing bars 7” is such that the mortar 9 passes through the space between the longitudinal bars 7a and the transverse bars 7b and freely enters the space between the barrier plate 6 and the mesh member 8. It is fine enough that the mortar 9 adheres to the wires 8a and 8b due to viscosity and covers the mesh formed by the wires 8a and 8b due to the viscosity with respect to the wall rebar 7 expected to spread.

  Regardless of the form and material of the weir plate 6, a retinal (mesh) plate is used in addition to a blind plate plate that completely dams the mortar 9 sprayed from the construction side of the wall 1 including moisture. Is done. On the other hand, since the mortar 9 is sprayed from the surface side to the net member 8, a non-blind net-like plate is provided so that the mortar 9 can enter the back side of the net member 8 (dam plate 6 side). used. Further, a mesh member having a coarseness that allows the nozzle 10a of the spray gun 10 for spraying to enter the back side of the mesh member 8 is used.

  In the drawing, a welding wire mesh having a pitch of about 30 to 75 mm having openings with a size allowing the adjustment of the angle with respect to the horizontal and vertical of the nozzle 10a in a state where the nozzle 10a is inserted from the mesh of the mesh member 8 is used. Yes. If the net member 8 is self-supported with the mortar 9 attached, for example, by being bound to the wall rebar 7 or the like at a necessary position, and has a rigidity that does not cause the protrusion of the wall 1 to be constructed. The material is not questioned, and the roughness of the eyes (size of the pitch) is basically not questioned.

  In FIG. 1, a dam plate 6 is arranged on one side of a wall 1 to be constructed, and wall rebars 7, 7 are arranged in two steps in the thickness direction of the wall 1 on the mesh member 8 side of the dam plate 6 inside the wall 1. The situation is shown in the case where the mortar 9 is sprayed into the space between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8 in a state where the net member 8 is arranged on the outside with respect to the wall 1. The mortar 9 is sprayed in a state where the tip side of the nozzle 10a is inclined downward by several degrees to several tens of degrees with respect to the horizontal as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1, or while being swung around the horizontal axis. The spray gun 10 is moved from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening 2 as described above, but is moved in the horizontal direction in the plane of the wall 1 at the same level.

  The mortar 9 is prepared at the site and is conveyed from a mixer stored in a kneaded state to a spray gun 10 through a hose through a conveyance pump. Compressed air is sent from the air compressor to the spray gun 10, and the mortar 9 reaching the spray gun 10 is jetted from the nozzle 10a with the pressure of the compressed air.

  In FIG. 1, in order to ensure the integrity of at least the upper and lower slabs 5, 5, which are structures (casings) constituting the opening 2, and the wall 1, the anchor 11 is attached from the slabs 5, 5 to the construction side of the wall 1. It is protruding. The anchor 11 may be protruded from the pillars 3 and 3 on both sides in the horizontal direction constituting the opening 2. The anchor 11 is embedded in the structure (frame) in the manner of the post-installation anchor for the existing structure, and between the wall 1 at the time of construction of the structure (frame) for the new structure. The anchor 11 is not limited to the form of the anchor 11 itself, and an anchor bolt, a stud, a gibber, a cotter or the like is used for the anchor 11.

  1, 3, and 4, the mortar 9 when the wall rebar 7 bears a tensile force while maintaining the state where the sprayed mortar 9 adheres to the wall rebar 7 at the upper end and the lower end of the wall 1. For example, a spiral splitting prevention muscle 12 is arranged to prevent the splitting fracture. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the weir plate 6 and the net member 8 are connected by a separator 13 in which a foam tie is integrated (connected) to maintain a distance therebetween. There is also.

  In the drawing, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the horizontal bars 7b of the wall reinforcing bars 7 are arranged on the mesh member 8 side of the longitudinal bars 7a, and the wire 8b facing the horizontal direction of the mesh member 8 is mortar with respect to the wire 8a facing the vertical direction. 9 when the sprayed mortar 9 is about to droop to the spraying side from the opening formed of the vertical bars 7a and the horizontal bars 7b and the opening formed of the wire rods 8a and 8b in at least two directions. The effect of blocking the horizontal streaks 7b or the wire 8b facing the horizontal direction by adhesion is expected.

  2 (a) and 2 (b), spraying a plurality of stages of mortar 9 in the arrangement state of the dam plate 6 and the two-stage wall reinforcing bars 7 and 7 and the net member 8 shown in FIG. The final mortar 91 spraying procedure for the final filling between the uppermost layer (the uppermost layer) and the structure (beam 5, slab 5, etc.) immediately above it and for finishing the spraying surface of the wall 1 is shown. . In FIG. 2, the construction section (construction area) in the height direction of the wall 1 is divided into four parts A to D, and a finishing gap 9a as a final filling (post-packing) section is placed on the uppermost section (uppermost stage) D. However, since the division | segmentation number of a construction area is decided according to the thickness and height of the wall 1, it is arbitrary.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the mortar 9 to the uppermost layer (uppermost stage) D of the section divided into a plurality of stages is the mortar 9 in each stage (section) A to C sprayed in advance. Finishing between the uppermost construction area (uppermost section) D and the lower surface of the upper structure (beam 5, slab 5, etc.) so that the sediment can be filled later after waiting for the sedimentation and consolidation to finish. The air gap 9a is sprayed to leave.

  On the vertical cross section of the wall 1 (FIG. 2- (a)), the finishing gap 9a can be further sprayed (filled) from the spraying side of the mortar 9 to the depth of the gap, that is, the nozzle 10a can be inserted. The cross-sectional shape is not limited as long as it has an opening, but when viewed in the vertical cross section of the wall 1 as shown in FIG. A cross-sectional shape having a large height on the side has a merit that it can be filled densely to the back of the finishing gap 9a because it is a shape that follows the elevational shape of the spray gun 10 including the nozzle 10a.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B show the relationship between the vertical section and the elevation when the wall 1 is constructed in the manner shown in FIG. 3- (a), the broken line on the spraying side (right side in the figure) of the mortar 9 indicates the position of the surface of the wall 1 to be constructed, and (b) indicates the elevation surface of the mortar 9 spraying side. . Here, the wall reinforcing bars 7 and 7 and the net member 8 arranged in parallel in the wall thickness direction are held on the barrier plate 6 using a separator 13 with a foam tie that connects the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8.

  4 (a) and 4 (b), when an existing wall is present in the opening 2, the existing wall is used as a barrier plate 6 and a housing (mortar 9) is added to one side of the existing wall. Thus, the relationship between the existing wall (dam plate 6), the wall reinforcement 7 and the net member 8 in the case of constructing a new wall 1 is shown. 4 differs from the example of FIG. 3 in that the weir plate 6 is an existing wall, but two-stage wall rebars 7 and 7 are juxtaposed in the wall thickness direction, and a mesh member 8 is disposed on the mortar 9 spraying side. This is the same as the example of FIG.

  既存, the existing wall is already fixed (fixed) to the structure around the opening 2 when the mortar 9 is sprayed. Therefore, when the thickness of the completed wall 1 is about the same as the example of FIG. From the comparison between 4- (a) and FIG. 3- (a), the spraying thickness of the mortar 9 corresponding to the additional striking of the housing is smaller than the example of FIG. Accordingly, since it is not necessary to arrange a large number of anchors 11 for fixing the wall 1 to the structure around the opening 2 as in the case where the entire thickness of the wall 1 is newly constructed, the wall in FIG. While two-stage anchors 11 and 11 are arranged in the thickness direction, in FIG. 4- (a), only one-stage anchor 11 is used in the wall thickness direction.

  In FIG. 4, since the spraying thickness of the mortar 9 is smaller than that of the example of FIG. 3, the distance between the parallel wall reinforcing bars 7 and 7 is smaller than that of the example of FIG. The diameter of 7b may be smaller than the example of FIG. In FIG. 4, since the barrier plate 6 is an existing wall, the anchor 11 is used as the separator 13 in the example of FIG. 3 by driving the anchor 11 against the existing wall in the wall thickness direction.

  5- (a) to (e) set the width in the wall thickness direction of the construction sections A to D divided in the height direction to the total thickness of the wall 1, and set each construction section to the full thickness of the wall 1. The example of a construction procedure in the case of spraying the mortar 9 with a wide width is shown. In this case, the wall 1 can be completed with the number of times of construction (spraying) for the number of construction sections divided in the height direction, except for the above-described spraying (E) of the finishing mortar 91.

  6 (a) to 6 (e), on the other hand, are divided into two or more layers in the thickness direction of the wall 1, and each construction section is a width corresponding to a part of the total thickness of the wall 1. The example of a construction procedure in the case of spraying the mortar 9 is shown. In this case, the wall 1 is completed by repeating the construction (spraying) for the number of construction sections A and B (C, D) divided in the height direction by the number of layers divided by the wall thickness. In FIG. 6, as the layer thickness of the mortar 9 in the wall thickness direction is about half that of the example of FIG. 5, the spraying height per construction section in the height direction is set to about twice that of the example of FIG. In addition, the number of sprayed mortars 9 on the entire wall 1 is set to the same four times as in the example of FIG.

  5 and FIG. 6, when spraying the uppermost section (D in FIG. 5, B in FIG. 6) among the sections divided in the height direction, the mortar 9 of the uppermost layer is sprayed. The mortar 9 is sprayed so as to leave a finishing gap 9a between the beam 4 and the lower surface of the slab 5, which are upper structures, so that the gap generated by the sedimentation of the slab can be filled later (FIG. 5). -(D), Fig. 6- (b), (d)). In the case of FIG. 6 in which the construction section is divided into a plurality of layers in the wall thickness direction, a finishing gap 9a is secured in each layer unit when the mortar 9 is sprayed onto the uppermost section (B, D).

  As shown in FIGS. 5- (e), 6- (d), and (e), the finishing mortar 91 indicated by E is sprayed on the finishing gap 9a to complete the wall 1. The finishing gap 9a includes a handle so that the tip of the nozzle 10a of the spray gun 10 can be inserted or approached inside the space (region) sandwiched between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8 as described above. Corresponding to the shape of the playgun 10, when viewed in the vertical cross section of the wall 1, it is secured in a triangular or trapezoidal shape with a cross-sectional shape having a small height on the barrier plate 6 side and a large height on the mesh member 8 side. The

  It is basically constructed whether one construction section is set to the total thickness of the wall 1 as shown in FIG. 5 or to a part of the total thickness of the wall 1 as shown in FIG. It depends on the thickness of the wall 1 to be changed, and also varies depending on the viscosity (water / powder ratio) of the prepared mortar 9 and the size of the mesh (opening area) of the mesh member 8.

  The thickness of wall 1 depends on the type of wall such as partition wall or seismic wall, as well as the horizontal force when the seismic wall is formed by reinforcement of an existing wall, newly constructed, or a seismic wall. It varies depending on the function, such as the degree of burden, and is set in the range of several tens to several hundreds of millimeters. As a guideline, in the range of several 10 to 300 mm, it is possible to set one construction section to the total thickness of the wall 1, and in the case of a thickness exceeding about 300 mm, there is a plurality of construction sections in the wall thickness direction. It is desirable to be divided into layers.

9 and 10 show the relationship between the water / powder ratio and compressive strength of the mortar 9 prepared in a range suitable for the earthquake resistant wall when the wall 1 completed by spraying the mortar 9 is used as the earthquake resistant wall. The fluidity (viscosity) suitable for spraying the mortar 9 when the wall 1 consisting of the wall rebar 7 and the mortar 9 is a seismic wall or when the mortar 9 is struck for additional seismic reinforcement of the existing wall is water. / Powder ratio is optimal from 12.0 to 14.0%. The 4-week compressive strength of the mortar at this time is 18N, which is the lower limit of the concrete strength indicated in the Architectural Institute of Japan reinforced concrete structure calculation criteria and explanation / Mm ² or more is secured.

FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the water / powder ratio and strength when mortar 9 having a different water / powder ratio is packed in a mold, and FIG. 10 shows the composition of a different water / powder ratio. The relationship between the water / powder ratio and strength when the core is removed after spraying the mortar 9 against the barrier plate 6 is shown. If the water / powder ratio is in the range of about 14.0% or less for both the molded specimen and the core, it is the lower limit of the concrete strength shown in the Architectural Institute of Japan reinforced concrete structure calculation criteria and explanation It can be seen that 18 N / mm ² or more is satisfied. Moreover, when the spray gun 10 is used for spraying workability and fluidity, the adhesion to the net member 8 and the surface tension capable of closing the openings made of the wire materials 8a and 8b in two or more directions in the attached state are exhibited. Considering this aspect, it is considered appropriate to use mortar 9 prepared with a water / powder ratio in the range of about 12.0 to 14.0%. In addition, short fibers may be mixed in the mortar 9 for the purpose of reducing the fluidity of the mortar 9 before curing and increasing the tensile strength after curing.

  FIG. 5 shows a construction procedure of the example shown in FIGS. Prior to spraying the mortar 9, a dam plate 6 is disposed on one side of the wall thickness direction or a part of the opening 2 such as an intermediate portion and fixed to a surrounding structure. The net members 8 are arranged and each is stabilized. The stability (self-supporting property) of the wall rebar 7 and the net member 8 is ensured by, for example, installing the separator 13 with foam ties between the barrier plate 6 and connecting it to the separator 13 as described above. At this time, an anchor 11 for ensuring the integrity of the wall 1 and the surrounding structure is also embedded in the structure. The stability of the net member 8 is also ensured by binding to the wall rebar 7 in addition to or instead of the separator 13.

  After the arrangement of the wall rebar 7 and the net member 8, the mortar 9 is sprayed from the lower layer side (lower side) to the upper layer side (upper side) of the opening 2 in divided sections (A to D). . The mortar 9 moves the spray gun 10 in the in-plane horizontal direction of the wall 1 and moves upward while reciprocating between both ends in the width direction (in-plane horizontal direction) of the wall 1. It is poured into one construction section sandwiched between the net members 8.

  The spraying of the mortar 9 makes it easy to maintain the state of adhesion to the mesh member 8, and in order to suppress dripping from the mesh member 8, the spray gun is applied to the inside of the space (region) sandwiched between the barrier plate 6 and the mesh member 8. It is appropriate that the tip of the ten nozzles 10a is inserted or brought close to the nozzle 10a and is directly performed toward the space between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8. The mortar 9 is directly blown toward the inside of the space (region) between the barrier plate 6 and the net member 8, so that the wall 1 is filled from the inside to the outside in the thickness direction, and the net member 8 is filled. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a state in which the net member 8 is unlikely to sag to the opposite side of the barrier plate 6 (outside the net member 8).

  The spraying of the mortar 9 in each construction section is intended to prevent dripping from the surface of the net member 8 in the wall thickness direction, and at least two directions of the net member 8 as shown in FIGS. The mortar 9 closes the opening made of the wire rods 8a and 8b, and is stopped at a position where the mortar 9 can be maintained on the surface of the opening due to viscosity and surface tension. As a result, at the end of spraying of the mortar 9 in each construction section, the surface of the mesh member 8 is raised from the surface of the mortar 9 on which the irregularities are sprayed.

  The spraying of the mortar 9 can be stopped to the extent that the mesh member 8 is not completely covered. As shown in FIG. 5- (e), the finishing mortar 91 is filled between the uppermost layer section D and the structure thereon. There is also a meaning for finishing spraying E. The unevenness of the mortar 9 corresponding to the uneven shape of the surface of the mesh member 8 made of the wire 8a, 8b is raised on the surface of the mesh member 8. The adhesion effect of the finishing mortar 91 on the surface of the mesh member 8 There is a meaning to raise.

  In the case of FIG. 5 in which one construction section is set to the total thickness of the wall 1, a constant curing time each time spraying of the mortar 9 to each construction section (A to D) is completed in (a) to (c). The mortar 9 is sprayed up to the construction section D of the uppermost layer while securing the mortar 9, and the spraying of the mortar 9 is finished in the uppermost section D as shown in FIG. Be made. Thereafter, after a certain curing time is secured, the finishing mortar 91 is sprayed on the surface of the net member 8 and the finishing gap 9a from the lower layer side to the upper layer side over the entire height of the wall 1. When the spraying of the finishing mortar 91 is finished, the construction of the wall 1 is finished.

  In the case of FIG. 6 in which one construction section is set to a part of the total thickness of the wall 1, the construction section is divided into the height direction of the opening 2 and the thickness direction of the wall 1. 5, one construction section is an area divided into a plurality of layers in the thickness direction of the wall 1. In this case, as shown in (b) and (d), in each layer unit divided in the thickness direction, the net member 8 is arranged on the surface side which is the spraying side of the mortar 9, and the section of the uppermost layer in each layer unit In B and D, the spraying of the mortar 9 is finished leaving the finishing gap 9a as described above.

  FIGS. 7A to 7C show an example of a method of forming the wall 1 when the wall 1 is newly constructed in the opening 2. (A) is the same as the example of FIG. 1 etc., when the dam plate 6 is disposed on one side in the wall thickness direction of the opening 2 and the wall 1 is completed by spraying mortar 9 from the other surface side, ) Is a case where the barrier plate 6 is disposed in the middle portion of the opening 2 in the wall thickness direction, and the mortar 9 is sprayed from both sides to complete the wall 1. In the case of (b), the mortar 9 may complete the wall 1 by spraying the mortar 9 only on one surface of the barrier plate 6. In (b), the dam plate 6 is embedded in the wall 1 and thus becomes a part of the wall 1.

  In the example of FIG. 7- (a), the dam plate 6 can be taken into a part of the wall 1 as a part of the wall 1 (discarded formwork) or removed because it is repeatedly used (reused). However, in order to positively use the barrier plate 6 as a part of the wall 1, a precast concrete plate may be used for the barrier plate 6. In this case, for example, a part of a reinforcing bar or the like is projected on one side of the precast concrete plate in order to ensure the integrity by adhesion to the mortar 9.

  In FIG. 7- (c), the dam plate 6 is disposed so as to abut against the outside of the opening 2, that is, the side surface of the beam 4 outside the width of the beam 4, and the mortar 9 is disposed on the surface on the opening 2 side. The example in the case of building the wall 1 by spraying is shown. The surface of the barrier plate 6 on the wall 1 construction side may be within the range of the beam 4 width as shown in the figure, or may be located outside the range.

  FIGS. 8A and 8B show an example of a method of forming the wall 1 when an existing wall is used as the barrier plate 6. In both (a) and (b), the wall rebar 7 and the net member 8 are arranged on one side of the existing wall as the dam plate 6 and then the mortar 9 is sprayed to formally increase the wall thickness of the existing wall. Existing walls will be reinforced. In this case, if the contact surface between the existing wall and the mortar 9 is attached as shown in (a), the existing wall as the barrier plate 6 and the mortar 9 behave as an integrated wall (synthetic wall) 1. Thus, as shown in (b), if the two contact surfaces are not adhered, the existing wall and the mortar 9 behave independently and resist the horizontal force independently.

  As shown in FIG. 8- (a), if the contact surface between the weir plate 6 and the mortar 9 including the existing wall is adhered, for example, does any uneven surface be formed on the surface of the weir plate 6 on the mortar 9 side? It is ensured by forming protrusions such as reinforcing bars protruding from the surface to the mortar 9 side. As shown in FIG. 8B, including the existing wall, the adhesion between the dam plate 6 and the mortar 9 is cut (not adhered) by applying an insulating material such as grease to the mortar 9 side surface of the dam plate 6. Obtained by coating.

1 ... wall, 2 ... opening, 3 ... column, 4 ... beam, 5 ... slab,
6 ...
7 …… Wall reinforcement, 7a …… Vertical reinforcement, 7b …… Horizontal reinforcement,
8 ... Net members, 8a ... Wires, 8b ... Wires,
9 ... Mortar, 91 ... Finishing mortar, 9a ... Finishing gap,
10 ... spray gun, 10a ... nozzle,
11 …… Anchor, 12 …… Anti-split muscle,
13 …… Separator.

Claims (5)

In a state where a barrier plate that closes the opening portion is disposed in a part of the wall thickness direction in the opening portion where the wall is to be constructed, a wall reinforcing bar having a vertical bar and a horizontal bar is provided on the wall building side of the barrier plate. In addition to the bar arrangement, on the opposite side of the barrier plate sandwiching the wall reinforcing bars, at least two directions of wire rods are arranged so as to cross each other, and the interval between the wire rods in each direction is larger than the interval between the vertical bars and the horizontal bars of the wall reinforcing bars. After arranging a small mesh member parallel to the dam plate, which can be a dam plate of the wall to be constructed,
The construction area of the wall sandwiched between the weir plate and the mesh member is divided into a plurality of stages in the height direction, and the weir is directed from the lower layer side to the upper layer side of the opening in the divided section unit. After spraying mortar in the space between the plate and the net member, and securing a certain curing time every time when the spraying for one stage of the section unit is completed, spray the mortar by the section unit on the upper stage. A method for constructing a wall by spraying, characterized in that the wall is constructed by repeating the work of securing a curing time for the plurality of stages.   The method for constructing a wall by spraying according to claim 1, wherein the mortar is sprayed directly from the inside of a space sandwiched between the barrier plate and the mesh member.   The method for constructing a wall by spraying according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal bars of the wall reinforcing bars are located closer to the mesh member than the vertical bars.   Among the construction areas of the wall divided into the plurality of steps, a finishing gap is left between the uppermost construction area and the lower surface of the upper structure, and mortar is sprayed later into the finishing gap. The method for constructing a wall by spraying according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall is completed. The spraying according to claim 4, wherein the finishing gap has a cross-sectional shape having a small height on the barrier plate side and a large height on the mesh member side when viewed in a vertical cross section of a wall. How to build a wall.

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