JP2012172299A - Undercover structure of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an undercover structure of a construction machine capable of reducing burdens on an operator by eliminating the need of fastening and unfastening a bolt when attaching and detaching an undercover, and further preventing troubles such as losing the bolt.SOLUTION: Four support brackets 15 each having a hooking part 15b are provided on an opening 10a of an engine compartment 10, and support holes 17 each comprising an insertion/removal part 17a to/from which the hooking part 15b can be inserted and removed and a regulation part 17b for regulating detachment of the hooking part 15b are formed respectively at four corners of an undercover 13a. After inserting the hooking part 15b of the support bracket 15 to the insertion/removal part 17a of each support hole 17, the undercover 13a is slid to the right to move each hooking part 15b to the side of the regulation part 17b and temporarily support the undercover 13a, and first and second metal fittings 19 and 20 are hooked in the state.

Description

  The present invention relates to an undercover structure of a construction machine, and more specifically, a machine room is provided in a travelable machine body to accommodate auxiliary machines such as an engine and a hydraulic pump, and a maintenance opening is formed on the lower surface of the machine room. The present invention relates to an undercover structure for a construction machine that is formed and closed with a removable undercover.

This type of construction machine accommodates auxiliary machinery such as an engine and a hydraulic pump in a machine room provided in the machine body. For example, in a hydraulic excavator, the machine is mounted on an upper swing body that is turnably disposed on a lower traveling body. A room is provided to accommodate auxiliary equipment. Since the upper swinging body is located at a height as high as a person's height, the opening for maintaining accessories may be formed not only on the side of the machine room but also on the lower surface. In order to prevent a situation in which an auxiliary machine in the machine room is damaged by being pushed up by an object, the opening is closed by a removable under cover.
The undercover is made of a sufficiently thick steel plate or the like so that it can withstand the pushing up of the obstacle, and inevitably has a considerable weight. For this reason, when the under cover is removed, it is necessary to continue to support the heavy under cover in an unstable upward posture until the completion of the work, and there is a problem that a heavy burden is imposed on the operator.

Various countermeasures have been proposed in order to eliminate such problems when the undercover is attached and detached (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the under cover structure described in Patent Document 1, engagement grooves are formed in both end edges of the under cover that face away from each other, and are respectively formed on the peripheral edge of the opening on the machine chamber side so as to correspond to these engagement grooves. Bolts are screwed together.
For example, when the under cover is attached, each bolt is fastened after being fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt corresponding to the engagement groove on the one end side and the engagement groove on the other end side. The under cover is temporarily supported by the head portion of the bolt when it is fitted to the screw portion of the bolt, thereby eliminating the need for support from the operator and reducing the burden.

JP 2003-144509 A

However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, although the burden on the operator is reduced by temporarily supporting the under cover using a bolt, it is necessary to fasten or release the bolt when the under cover is removed. There is still a heavy burden on the workers who perform this work in an upward posture. Also, when removing the under cover, it is not necessary to completely release the bolts. However, when releasing the fastening, the bolts may be loosened and fall off, causing trouble such as loss of the bolts. There was also a problem.
The present invention has been made to solve such problems. The object of the present invention is to enable the operator to perform the detaching operation without continuing to support the under cover, and to tighten and tighten the bolts at that time. It is an object of the present invention to provide an undercover structure for a construction machine that can reduce the burden on an operator by eliminating the need for release, and can prevent troubles such as lost bolts.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is provided with a machine room provided in a travelable machine body to accommodate auxiliary machines, and an opening for maintaining the auxiliary machines is formed on the lower surface of the machine room. In the undercover structure of a construction machine in which the opening is closed with a detachable undercover, the latching portion is provided at a plurality of locations on the periphery of the opening of the machine room and supports the undercover disposed in the opening A plurality of support brackets that are formed on the under cover so as to correspond to the support brackets, and can be inserted into and removed from the hooks of the support brackets. Provided in the under cover, a plurality of support holes made of a restricting portion capable of supporting the under cover by restricting the upward release of the latching portion, a first locking means provided at the periphery of the opening of the machine room Each branch When the latching portion of the bracket is made to correspond to the restricting portion of each support hole, it can be locked with respect to the first locking means, and by the locking, the support bracket is inserted into and removed from the support hole side. And second locking means for restricting movement.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the first locking means is provided in the latching portion of each support bracket, and the second locking means corresponds to the first locking means, respectively. The support bracket and the under cover are coupled to each other by locking with the first locking means, and are respectively provided on the surfaces of the support brackets that are in contact with the under cover. An elastic member is attached.

As described above, according to the under cover structure for a construction machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, the plurality of support brackets having the latching portions are provided on the periphery of the opening portion of the machine room, while the under cover disposed in the opening portion. A plurality of support holes, each of which includes an insertion / removal portion capable of inserting / removing the latching portion of the support bracket, and a regulating portion for continuously restricting the latching portion from being detached from the insertion / removal portion. When the latching portion of the bracket is made to correspond to the restriction portion of each support hole, the first locking means and the second locking means can be locked, and the movement of the support bracket to the insertion / removal portion side is restricted. I tried to do it.
For this reason, an under cover is provided in the opening of the machine room, the latching part of the support bracket is inserted into the insertion / removal part of each support hole, and each latching part corresponds to the regulating part when the undercover is slid. Thus, upward disengagement is prevented, and the under cover is supported by each support bracket. Then, by locking the first and second locking means, the movement of the latching portion to the insertion / removal portion side in each support hole is restricted, and the attachment of the under cover is completed. Further, even if the locking of the first and second locking means is released from this state, the under cover continues to be supported, and when the under cover is slid, the latching portions of the respective support brackets come from the insertion / removal portions of the support holes. It can be detached, and the removal is completed by moving the under cover downward.

In this way, since the under cover during the detaching operation is supported by the support bracket, it is not necessary for the operator to continue to support the heavy under cover in an unstable upward posture until the operation is completed, and the first and second locking means Since the under cover can be easily attached / detached by simply locking / releasing the bolt, it is necessary to fasten / release the bolt when the under cover is attached / removed compared to the prior art (Patent Document 1). The burden can be reduced, and troubles such as lost bolts can be prevented.
According to an undercover structure for a construction machine according to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, the first locking means is provided at the latching portion of each support bracket, and the elastic member is provided on the contact surface to the undercover. And a second locking means for coupling the support bracket and the under cover by locking with the first locking means. Therefore, when the first and second locking means are locked and the latching portion of the support bracket and the under cover are coupled, the elastic member is sandwiched between the two members, and abnormal noise caused by vibration during work is generated. Occurrence can be prevented.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a hydraulic excavator to which an under cover structure of the present invention is applied. It is a see-through | perspective perspective view which shows the upper revolving body of a hydraulic shovel. It is a bottom view which shows the opening part of the engine chamber of a hydraulic shovel. It is a bottom view which shows an undercover with the attitude | position corresponding to FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 3 showing an opening of the engine compartment before the cover is attached. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 3, similarly showing the opening of the engine compartment before the cover is attached. It is a bottom view which shows the opening part of the engine compartment after cover attachment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7, similarly showing the opening of the engine chamber after the cover is attached. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale which show the detail of a fastening metal fitting. It is the elements on larger scale corresponding to FIG. 7 which shows the support bracket and support hole of another example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in an undercover structure of a hydraulic excavator will be described.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a hydraulic excavator to which the under cover structure of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an upper swing body of the hydraulic excavator.
An upper swing body 3 (machine body) is turnably provided on the lower traveling body 2 provided with the crawler 1, and a work machine 4 is provided at a front portion of the upper swing body 3. The work machine 4 includes a boom 5, an arm 6, an excavation bucket 7, and the like, and is operated by hydraulic cylinders 5a, 6a, and 7a, respectively. The upper swing body 3 includes a driver's cab 9 on the frame 8, an engine compartment 10 (machine compartment) containing auxiliary equipment such as an engine and a hydraulic pump (not shown), a fuel tank 11 and a counterweight 12. It is provided and configured. Using the hydraulic pressure supplied from the engine-driven hydraulic pump, the operation of the working machine 4 and the traveling of the lower traveling body 2 are performed by the hydraulic cylinders 5a, 6a, and 7a according to the operation of the operator.

A plurality of openings are formed on the lower surface of the frame 8 of the upper swing body 3 so as to correspond to the driver's cab 9 and the engine compartment 10 and the like, and maintenance of auxiliary equipment and the like accommodated therein through these openings. For example, the engine room 10 can be maintained for an engine, a hydraulic pump, and the like. Each opening is closed by a detachable under cover 13, and these under covers 13 are made of a sufficiently thick steel plate or the like, and prevent damage to auxiliary equipment due to an obstacle being pushed up during construction work. It is like that.
By the way, as described in [Problems to be Solved by the Invention], in the technique of Patent Document 1, which is the prior art, the support of the operator is not required when the under cover is removed, but the fastening is performed by using the bolt. In addition, it is necessary to release the fastening, and there is a problem that trouble such as loss of the bolt occurs.
As a countermeasure, in the present embodiment, an under cover structure that does not use bolts is applied. Hereinafter, the under cover structure will be described taking the under cover 13a of the engine compartment 10 as an example. In the present embodiment, the other under cover 13 has the same mounting structure, but the present invention is not limited to this, and another mounting structure may be applied to the other under cover 13.

First, the configuration on the opening side of the engine compartment 10 will be described.
3 is a bottom view showing the opening of the engine chamber 10 of the excavator, FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing the under cover 13a in a posture corresponding to FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 shows the opening of the engine chamber 10 before the cover is attached. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.
A pair of members 8a shown in FIG. 3 constitute part of the frame 8 described above, and extend in the front-rear direction at positions spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction of the vehicle. The space between the members 8a corresponds to the opening 10a of the engine chamber 10, and the auxiliary machines in the engine chamber 10 can be maintained from below through the opening 10a. In FIG. 3, which is a bottom view, the left-right direction is shown reversed from that of the actual vehicle. However, in the following description, the left-right direction is expressed according to FIG. 3, and the front-rear direction matches the vehicle. Express as follows.
Support brackets 15 made of steel plates are respectively disposed at the four corners of the opening 10a. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the leg portions 15a of each support bracket 15 form a square plate shape facing in the front-rear direction, The one side edge is welded to the side surface of the member 8a.

The leg 15a of each support bracket 15 extends downward from the opening 10a, and the lower end thereof is bent at a substantially right angle to form a latching portion 15b. Each latching portion 15b is formed in a square plate shape that faces in the vertical direction, and a rubber plate 16 (elastic member) is attached to the upper surface. The upper surface of the rubber plate 16 is a predetermined distance (under cover 13a) with respect to the lower surface of the member 8a. It is slightly larger than the plate thickness). In the present embodiment, the pair of front latching portions 15b are bent rearward and the pair of rear latching portions 15b are bent forward. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The bending direction of 15b may be arbitrarily changed.
Next, the configuration on the under cover 13a side will be described.
7 is a bottom view showing the opening 10a of the engine compartment 10 after the cover is attached, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7 showing the opening 10a of the engine compartment 10 after the cover is attached, and FIG. It is the IX-IX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 7 which shows the opening part 10a of the engine compartment 10 after cover attachment.

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the under cover 13a has a square plate shape. When the under cover 13a is disposed in the opening 10a of the engine compartment 10, the opening 10a is closed and its left and right ends are left and right members. It overlaps with the lower surface of 8a. Support holes 17 are respectively formed at the four corners of the under cover 13a so as to correspond to the latching portions 15b of the support bracket 15, and each support hole 17 includes an insertion / removal portion 17a and a restriction portion 17b. Each insertion / removal portion 17a has a slightly larger square shape than the latching portion 15b of the support bracket 15, and each latching portion 15b can be inserted and removed.
Each regulation part 17b has comprised the slit shape which continues toward the left from the insertion / removal part 17a as a whole. The front-rear width of each restricting portion 17b is set slightly larger than the front-rear dimension (plate thickness) of the leg portion 15a of the support bracket 15, and the left-right length of each restricting portion 17b is set slightly larger than the left-right dimension of the leg portion 15a. ing. Further, the front and rear positions of the restricting portions 17b correspond to the leg portions 15a of the support bracket 15, the pair of front restricting portions 17b at the foremost portion of the insertion / removal portion 17a, and the pair of restricting portions 17b at the rear side as the insertion / removal portions It is located at the end of 17a.

For this reason, in the state which inserted the latching part 15b of the support bracket 15 in the insertion / removal part 17a of the support hole 17 of the under cover 13a, as shown to FIGS. It can be moved to the side to correspond to the restricting portion 17b. At this time, the rubber plate 16 on the latching portion 15b is in contact with the lower surface of the under cover 13a, and the detachment on the latching portion 15b from the inside of the regulating portion 17b to the upper side is regulated. The four corners of the under cover 13a are supported by the latching portion 15b.
On the other hand, each support bracket 15 and the under cover 13a are provided with a fastener 18, and FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing details of the fastener 18.
As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 10, the fastening bracket 18 includes a first bracket 19 on the support bracket 15 side (first locking means) and a second bracket 20 on the under cover 13a side (second locking means). The first metal fitting 19 is fixed to the lower surface of the latching portion 15b of each support bracket 15 respectively. In particular, as shown in FIG. 10, the first metal fitting 19 is provided with a locking groove 19a that opens to the side, and the pair of front first metal fittings 19 has the locking groove 19a forward and the rear metal fitting 19a. The pair of first metal fittings 19 are arranged so that the locking grooves 19a are directed rearward.

A second metal fitting 20 is fixed to the undercover 13a so as to correspond to each first metal fitting 19, and as shown in FIG. 10, the second metal fitting 20 has an operation lever 20b that rotates in the direction of the arrow about one side, And a locking bar 20a that is connected to the operation lever 20b and can be locked in the locking groove 19a of the first metal fitting 19. For this reason, the pair of second metal fittings 20 on the front side faces the front of the locking bar 20a and the pair of second metal fittings 20 on the rear side correspond to the opening direction of the locking grooves 19a of the first metal fittings 19. The locking bar 20a is disposed so as to face backward.
Further, the position of each second metal fitting 20 with respect to the under cover 13a is such that when the latching portion 15b of each support bracket 15 is made to correspond to the restriction portion 17b of each support hole 17 as shown in FIG. The locking bar 20a is set so as to be locked in the locking groove 19a. 7 and 9, in the state where the locking bar 20a of each second metal fitting 20 is engaged with the locking groove 19a of the first metal fitting 19, the under cover 13a is interposed via the fastening metal fitting 18, respectively. Coupled with each support bracket 15, the movement of the latching portion 15 b of the support bracket 15 toward the insertion / removal portion 17 a is restricted.

Next, the operation of the under cover structure of the hydraulic excavator configured as described above will be described.
During a normal time such as during operation of the hydraulic excavator, the opening 10a of the engine compartment 10 is closed by an under cover 13a to protect internal auxiliary equipment. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the latching portions 15 b of the support brackets 15 correspond to the restricting portions 17 b of the support holes 17, respectively, and the locking bars 20 a of the second metal fittings 20 are the first metal fittings 19. The locking grooves 19a are respectively locked. This locking restricts the movement of the latching portion 15b of the support bracket 15 toward the insertion / removal portion 17a, and each latching portion 15b abuts the lower surface of the under cover 13a with the rubber plate 16 sandwiched therebetween, thereby The under cover 13a is supported by support brackets 15 at four corners.
In this way, the rubber plate 16 prevents direct contact between the latching portion 15b of the support bracket 15 made of a steel plate and the under cover 13a, and as shown in FIGS. Since the gap S is always formed between the upper surface of the cover 13a, direct contact is prevented, thereby preventing generation of abnormal noise due to vibration during operation.

Maintenance of the auxiliary machinery in the engine compartment 10 is performed by removing the under cover 13a. First, the operation lever 20b of the second metal fitting 20 of each fastening metal 18 is rotated (counterclockwise in FIG. 10) to release the engagement of the engagement bar 20a with the engagement groove 19a of the first metal fitting 19. To do. At this time, since the positional relationship between each support hole 17 and the support bracket 15 does not change, the under cover 13a continues to be supported by each support bracket 15 (hereinafter, this state is referred to as temporary support).
Next, when the under cover 13a is slid to the left (counter arrow A direction in FIG. 7), the support bracket 15 moves from the restricting portion 17b to the insertion / removal portion 17a in each support hole 17, and the respective latches. The part 15b can be detached upward from the insertion / removal part 17a. Then, when the under cover 13a is moved downward, the removal is completed, and maintenance of the auxiliary machinery in the engine compartment 10 can be performed through the opened opening 10a.

When attaching the under cover 13a after the maintenance is completed, first, the under cover 13a is disposed in the opening 10a of the engine compartment 10, and the hooking portion 15b of the support bracket 15 is attached to the insertion / removal portion 17a of each support hole 17. Insert from above. When the under cover 13a is slid to the right (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 7), each support bracket 15 moves from the insertion / removal portion 17a to the restriction portion 17b, and the latching portion 15b corresponds to the restriction portion 17b. Therefore, the under cover 13a is temporarily supported by the support brackets 15 because the upward detachment is prevented.
In this state, the second metal fitting 20 of each fastening metal fitting 18 corresponds to the first metal fitting 19, and the operation lever 20b of the second metal fitting 20 is rotated (clockwise in FIG. 10) to lock the locking bar 20a. The first fitting 19 is locked in the locking groove 19a. Thereby, the movement of the latching portion 15b toward the insertion / removal portion 17a is restricted, and the attachment of the under cover 13a is completed.

As described above, since the under cover 13a being removed and attached is temporarily supported by the support bracket 15, it is not necessary for the operator to continue to support the heavy under cover 13a in an unstable upward posture until the work is completed, and the burden is reduced. be able to. Moreover, in the technique of Patent Document 1 described as the prior art, the under cover is temporarily supported in a cantilever manner by the head of the bolt on one end side, whereas in the present embodiment, the under cover 13a is provided by the four support brackets 15. Since the four corners are temporarily supported, there is an advantage that the under cover 13a can be temporarily supported more stably.
And in order to make the undercover 13a temporarily supported into a regular fixed state, since the fastener 18 is used in this embodiment, the following advantages compared with the technique of Patent Document 1 using bolts. Have

In both of the present embodiment and the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, the operation of properly fixing the temporarily supported under cover 13a or the operation of temporarily supporting the normally fixed under cover 13a is performed in an upward posture. Therefore, it is desired to complete as easily and as quickly as possible. As these operations, in the technique of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to fasten or unfasten the bolt, whereas in the fastening bracket 18 of the present embodiment, the operation is completed only by rotating the operation lever 20b of the second bracket 20. This will greatly reduce the labor and time required. Therefore, according to this embodiment, combined with the above-described effect of temporary support of the under cover 13a, it is possible to further reduce the burden on the operator when the under cover 13a is attached and detached.
Further, in the technique of Patent Document 1, the bolt 1 may be loosened and dropped off when the bolt is released, whereas the first bracket 19 of the fastening bracket 18 of the present embodiment is fixed to the support bracket 15. Since the second metal fitting 20 is fixed to the under cover 13a, there is no possibility of dropping. Therefore, the effect of preventing troubles such as lost bolts can also be obtained.

This is the end of the description of the embodiment, but the aspect of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, a hydraulic excavator is used as a construction machine, but the invention is not limited to this as long as the opening on the lower surface of the machine room is closed with a removable undercover. For example, a crane or a road machine You may apply to.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, while providing the four support brackets 15 provided with the square-shaped latching | locking part 15b in the opening part 10a of the engine compartment 10, from the square-shaped insertion / removal part 17a and the slit-shaped control part 17b. The support holes 17 formed at the four corners of the under cover 13a are not limited to these configurations. For example, the number of support brackets 15 may be increased or decreased, or the shapes of the support brackets 15 and the support holes 17 may be changed.

Hereinafter, another example in which the shapes of the support bracket and the support hole are changed will be described with reference to FIG.
The leg portion 31a of the support bracket 31 has a cylindrical shape, and a disk-shaped latching portion 31b is integrally formed at the lower end thereof. The insertion / removal portion 32a of the support hole 32 of the under cover 13a has a circular shape so as to correspond to the latching portion 31b of the support bracket 31, and the restriction portion 32b has a slit shape continuous from the insertion / removal portion 32a. Is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the leg portion 31 a of the support bracket 31. In addition, although the illustration of the fastening bracket 18 is omitted in the figure, it is actually provided in the same manner as in the embodiment. Since the operation at the time of attaching and detaching the under cover 13a is not different from that of the above-described embodiment, it will not be redundantly described, but the same effect can be obtained even if configured in this way.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, the 1st metal fitting 19 provided with the locking groove 19a is used as a 1st locking means, and the 2nd metal fitting 20 provided with the locking bar 20a is used as a 2nd locking means, and the locking groove 19a is used. The support bracket 15 and the under cover 13a are coupled by hooking the locking bar 20a to the above, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, instead of changing the shape and number of the first and second metal fittings 19, 20, or connecting the support bracket 15 and the undercover 13 a, the insertion / removal portion 17 a side of the support bracket 15 in the support hole 17 is performed. The movement may be restricted.

3 Upper swing body (airframe)
10 Engine room (machine room)
15,31 Support bracket 15b, 31b Hook 16 Rubber plate (elastic member)
17, 32 Support hole 17a, 32a Insertion / removal part 17b, 32b Restriction part 19 1st metal fitting (1st latching means)
20 Second metal fitting (second locking means)

Claims (2)

A machine room is provided in the machine body that can travel to accommodate auxiliary machines, and an opening is formed on the lower surface of the machine room to maintain the auxiliary machines, and the opening is closed with a removable under cover. In the construction machine under cover structure,
A plurality of support brackets provided at a plurality of locations on the periphery of the opening of the machine room, and having a latching portion for supporting the undercover disposed in the opening;
Each of the support brackets is formed on the under cover so as to correspond to each of the support brackets, and an insertion / removal portion in which the latching portion of the support bracket can be inserted / removed. A plurality of support holes made of a restricting portion capable of supporting the under cover by restricting detachment upward;
First locking means provided at the periphery of the opening of the machine room;
Provided on the under cover, when the latching portion of each support bracket is made to correspond to the restriction portion of each support hole, it can be locked to the first locking means. An undercover structure for a construction machine, comprising: a second locking means for restricting movement of the support bracket toward the insertion / removal portion in a hole. The first locking means is provided at a latching portion of each support bracket,
The second locking means is provided on the under cover so as to correspond to each of the first locking means, and the support bracket and the under cover are locked by the locking with the first locking means. And
2. The undercover structure for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein an elastic member is attached to a surface of the latching portion of each support bracket that contacts the undercover.

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