JP2012132109A - Method for knitting three-dimensional fabric, three-dimensional fabric and pipe cover made of the fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-dimensional fabric which can easily cover a pipe and the like and which eliminates the needs for cutting off a plate to form a tape and sewing a side portion of the tape.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional fabric including an obverse knitted fabric, a reverse knitted fabric and a connecting thread for connecting the obverse knitted fabric and the reverse knitted fabric is knitted by a flat-knitting machine. The obverse knitted fabric and the reverse knitted fabric are unsymmetrically knitted with respect to front and back sides so that the reverse knitted fabric appears on the inside and the obverse knitted fabric appears on the outside and the three-dimensional fabric is curved in a C-shape along a width direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional knitted fabric bent in a tubular shape, a knitting method thereof, and a pipe cover using the three-dimensional knitted fabric.

  Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-107800) discloses a three-dimensional knitted fabric in which front and back knitted fabrics are connected by connecting yarns. The three-dimensional knitted fabric to be knitted is flat, and when covering an object such as a pipe, the solid knitted fabric is cut into a tape shape, and the side portions are sewn to prevent the three-dimensional knitted fabric from being unwound. Wrap a three-dimensional knitted fabric around the object. However, in this case, cutting and sewing are necessary, and it is necessary to wrap the tape around the object. Furthermore, it is difficult to wind the tape if the object is bent, the diameter of the object is changed, or the like.

JP2004-107800

  An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional knitted fabric and a pipe cover that do not require cutting and sewing into a tape and can be easily put on an object, and a knitting method thereof.

The knitting method of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention is a method of knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric composed of a front knitted fabric and a back knitted fabric, and a connecting yarn that connects the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric with a flat knitting machine. ,
The front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric are knitted asymmetrically so that the back knitted fabric appears on the inside and the front knitted fabric appears on the outside, and the three-dimensional knitted fabric bends in a C shape along the width direction of the knitted fabric.

  If the front and back knitted fabrics are knitted asymmetrically, the back knitted fabric will appear on the inside and the front knitted fabric will appear on the outside, and the 3D knitted fabric bent in a C shape along the needle bed of the flat knitting machine. Can be organized. The knitting method for bending a three-dimensional knitted fabric into a C-shape includes a stitch in the width direction of the front knitted fabric, in addition to the combination of smooth knitting and tack described later, and knitting the back knitted fabric with heat shrink yarn and heat shrinking after knitting. The number of stitches is larger than the number of stitches in the back knitted fabric, and the stitch size of the front knitted fabric is made larger than the stitch size of the back knitted fabric. The width direction is a direction parallel to the needle bed of the flat knitting machine during knitting.

  A solid knitted fabric bent in a C shape can be directly covered on a cylindrical or columnar object such as a pipe, in particular a cylindrical or columnar object, and there is no need to cut and sew the tape or wrap it around the object. . Further, the knitting width, knitting length, etc. of the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be changed according to the object, and a variety of small-sized three-dimensional knitted fabrics can be produced according to the object.

  Preferably, at least a part of each of the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric is subjected to a knitting course for knitting stitches at a predetermined number of stitches by repeating the knitting course a plurality of times while shifting the position of the knitting stitches. Knitted by smooth knitting to knitting a course row for one course along the floor. The back knitted fabric is fixed to the stitch row formed in the second knitting course of smooth knitting, and the front knitted fabric is smooth knitted. The solid knitted fabric is bent by fixing the connecting yarn to the stitch row formed in the first knitting course. When shrinking the heat-shrinkable yarn or making the number of stitches or stitch size of the front knitted fabric larger than the back knitted fabric, the three-dimensional knitted fabric bends along both the width direction and the length direction, for example, the cross section is C-shaped and the outer shape May be arcuate. On the other hand, in the combination of smooth knitting and tack, a three-dimensional knitted fabric that is bent only along the width direction of the knitted fabric can be obtained.

  Preferably, the back knitting is performed so that the knitting length of the knitted fabric increases or decreases depending on the position in the knitting width direction, thereby knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric that is also bent along the C-shaped axis. In this way, a three-dimensional knitted fabric that fits a bent pipe or the like can be knitted.

  Preferably, the knitting width of the solid knitted fabric along the direction parallel to the needle bed of the flat knitting machine is inclined with respect to the C-shaped axis by performing an increase at one end and a decrease at the other end. A location is provided in the C-shaped opening. If it does in this way, a solid knitted fabric will become difficult to remove from a pipe etc. carelessly.

This invention comprises a connecting yarn that is knitted by a flat knitting machine and connects the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric, and the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric, and is parallel to the needle bed when knitted by the flat knitting machine. A three-dimensional knitted fabric that is bent in a C shape so that the back knitted fabric appears on the inside and the front knitted fabric appears on the outside along the stitch row, and a pipe cover made of the three-dimensional knitted fabric. This three-dimensional knitted fabric can be easily put on a pipe or the like, and cutting and sewing from a flat plate and winding work around the pipe are unnecessary. In addition, the description regarding the knitting method of the three-dimensional knitted fabric in this specification also applies to the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself and the pipe cover. In addition to the pipe, the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be used for furniture, a cover for a pillar, a human body supporter, and the like.

Plan view of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the embodiment Side view of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of FIG. The top view of the modification which added the solid molding to the solid knitted fabric of an Example Top view of flat knitting machine The figure which shows the knitting method of the solid knitted fabric of FIG. 1, FIG. The figure which shows the mechanism in which a solid knitted fabric deform | transforms into C shape in an Example. The figure which shows the arrangement | positioning of the knitted fabric in the solid knitted fabric of FIG. 3, and a deformation | transformation to C shape. The figure which shows the arrangement | positioning of the knitted fabric in the solid knitted fabric provided with the spiral, and the deformation | transformation to C shape in an Example. The figure which shows the solid knitted fabric for covering a T-shaped pipe The figure which shows the solid knitted fabric for covering piping

  In the following, an optimum embodiment for carrying out the invention will be shown. The scope of the present invention should be construed in consideration of the possibility of modification by well-known techniques in the description of the scope of claims.

  1 to 10 show an embodiment and its modifications. 1 to 3 show a three-dimensional knitted fabric of the embodiment, knitted using a flat knitting machine, the three-dimensional knitted fabric bends along the width direction of the knitted fabric, and its axis is parallel to the length direction of the knitted fabric. . For this reason, the flat knitting machine can knit a three-dimensional knitted fabric that is long in the axial direction without any limitation on the knitting width. 1 and 2 show a basic three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the three-dimensional knitted fabric is bent in a C-shape, and is suitable for covering an object such as a pipe. In FIG. 3, the direction of the axis | shaft of a three-dimensional knitted fabric is bent in the middle by adding the solid molding by turn knitting to the three-dimensional knitted fabric of FIG. 1, FIG. The three-dimensional knitted fabric of FIG. 3 is suitable for protecting a portion where a protection object such as a pipe is curved. Note that the vertical direction in FIG. 1 is the length direction and is the direction perpendicular to the needle bed when knitting with a flat knitting machine. 1 is the width direction, which is a direction parallel to the needle bed when knitting with a flat knitting machine, and is also referred to as a course direction.

  Each of the three-dimensional knitted fabrics shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a front knitted fabric appearing on the outside, a back knitted fabric appearing on the inside, and a connecting yarn that connects the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric. The portion knitted with colored yarn is a discarded knitting portion that is knitted at the beginning of knitting, and is a portion that is later removed from the three-dimensional knitted fabric. In FIG. 2, the front knitted fabric, the back knitted fabric, and the connecting yarn are visible between the front and back discarded knitted portions.

  Each of the three-dimensional knitted fabrics shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is suitable for, for example, heat insulation or protection of a pipe, and is used for covering or covering a cylindrical or columnar object. 1 and 2, the C-shaped opening is wide, but it is preferable to close the opening with a staple, etc. after covering the pipe. When a three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as the heat insulating cover, the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself is required to have heat resistance. For example, heat-resistant yarn includes aramid. On the other hand, when three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as an elastic material to protect an object, heat resistance of the yarn is not required. Instead, wooly nylon (multi-filament nylon) is used as the connecting yarn to increase the amount of connecting yarn and soft connection. Use yarn to give cushioning.

  FIG. 4 shows a flat knitting machine 2 used in each embodiment. Reference numerals 4 and 6 denote a pair of front and rear needle beds, which may be provided with a total of four needle beds in the front and rear directions. A carriage 8 reciprocates on the needle beds 4 and 6 and operates the needles on the needle beds 4 and 6 to knit the three-dimensional knitted fabric. A racking motor 9 relatively moves the needle beds 4 and 6 in the horizontal direction in FIG. Instead of the carriage 8, a group of linear motors may be provided on the needle beds 4 and 6, and the needles may be advanced and retracted by the linear motors. When changing the size of the stitches between the knitted fabrics on the front and back sides, the pull-in amount of the needles 4 and 6 is changed by the mountain cam of the carriage 8. Yarn is supplied from a yarn feeder (not shown), and yarns of different materials can be used for the front knitted fabric, the back knitted fabric, and the connecting yarn.For example, only the back knitted fabric is knitted with heat shrink yarn, the front knitted fabric is backed It is also possible to knit with a yarn having lower heat resistance than the knitted fabric and the connecting yarn.

FIG. 5 shows a knitting method of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of FIGS. 1 and 2, and Steps 1 to 5 are smooth knitting of the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric in the preparation stage before tapping the connecting yarn. Organize. In smooth knitting, for example, stitches are formed every other needle, and for example, a step of forming stitches with even-numbered needles and a step of forming stitches with odd-numbered needles are alternately performed. The V symbol in the figure represents the tack. Symbols such as ▽ and ▼ represent yarn feeders, and three yarn feeders are used in FIG. Furthermore, ○ indicates the stitch knitted in the previous course, ● indicates the newly formed stitch, FB indicates the front needle bed, and BB indicates the rear needle bed. In FIG.
1) Back knitted fabric 1/2 course, 2) Front knitted fabric 1/2 course, 3) Back knitted fabric 1/2 course,
4) The front knitted fabric is knitted in the order of 1/2 course. 1) Back knitted fabric 1/2 course, 2) Back knitted fabric 1/2 course, 3) Front knitted fabric 1/2 course 4) The knitted fabric may be knitted in the order of 1/2 course, etc. In addition, the stitch row for one course is knitted with two knitting courses for every other stitch, but may be divided into three knitting courses for every two stitches, or may be divided into more knitting courses. good. One knitting course means knitting by one movement of the carriage. When the stitch row is formed twice in the width direction, one stitch is formed with each needle, and one course is knitted as the knitted fabric.

  Steps 6 to 11 are the main parts of the knitting of the three-dimensional knitted fabric. Smooth knitting and tucking of the connecting yarn are performed, and Steps 6 to 11 are repeated a plurality of cycles. At step 6 and step 7, the connecting yarn is tucked. The front needle bed is tacked to the stitch formed in the previous step 5, and the rear needle bed is tacked to the stitch formed in the previous step 2. Please be careful. After tucking in step 6 and step 7, smooth knitting is performed in step 8 to step 11, and the stitch to be tucked next is knitted. Note that the stitches of the connecting yarn may be formed at the tack position instead of the tack in FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows a mechanism for bending the knitted fabric by the knitting method of FIG. 5 into a C-shape. Reference numeral 12 denotes a back knitted fabric, reference numeral 14 denotes a front knitted fabric, and the knitted fabrics 12 and 14 may be knitted on either the front or back needle bed. 17 and 19 are inner layer stitches, and 18 and 20 are outer layer stitches. The outer layer stitches 18 and 20 are formed in Step 2, Step 3, Step 8 and Step 9, and the inner layer stitches 17 and 19 are formed in Step 4, Step 5, Step 10 and Step 11. The inner layer stitches 17 and 19 are stitches formed after the outer layer stitches 18 and 20, and the transition yarn between the inner layer stitches causes the outer layer stitches 18 and 20 formed before that to form the three-dimensional knitted fabric. Since it extrudes to the surface side, an inner layer and an outer layer arise. Here, the connecting yarn 16 connects the outer layer stitch 18 and the inner layer stitch 19. The inner layer stitch 19 is pulled toward the front knitted fabric 14 by the connecting yarn 16, and as a result, it is deformed as shown in the lower part of FIG. 6 to form a C-shaped three-dimensional knitted fabric. The surface side of the three-dimensional knitted fabric means the side of the surface opposite to the area between the needle beds of the flat knitting machine.

  Here, a combination of smooth knitting and tack to the inner and outer layer stitches was used. For example, the number of stitches on the front knitted fabric side is larger than that of the back knitted fabric, or the size of the stitches is increased. With this, a C-shaped solid knitted fabric can be knitted.

  FIG. 7 shows a knitting method of a three-dimensional knitted fabric that is also bent along the C-shaped axis, and the three-dimensional molding is performed by turn knitting. 30 is a three-dimensional knitted fabric, 32 is a back knitted fabric, and 34 is a front knitted fabric. Reference numerals 35 and 36 denote return areas, and 37 and 37 are boundary lines, which are ends in the width direction of the knitted fabric, and are lines facing each other as in the lower part of FIG. Reference numeral 38 denotes a center line of the knitted fabric. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when smooth knitting and tack are combined, or the number of stitches on the front knitted fabric 34 is increased with respect to the back knitted fabric 32, the size of the stitches is increased, the boundary lines 37, The knitted fabric bends in a C shape so that 37 faces each other. If the turn-back areas 35 and 36 are added here, the length of the knitted fabric in the portion along the center line 38 is longer than that in the portion along the boundary line 37, so that it is deformed as shown in the lower part of FIG. Reverse knitting is a method of knitting an area of a knitted fabric using only a part of a plurality of needles that lock the stitches, and holding the other stitches on the needles. This is a method of knitting with a needle. By knitting in turn, a knitted fabric having an area protruding from the rectangle can be knitted. Although the boundary line 37 is provided at the shortest length of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 30 here, it can be provided at an arbitrary position along the width direction in parallel with the height direction. For example, even if the boundary line is moved to the position of the center line 38 in FIG.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which a spiral is added to the three-dimensional knitted fabric of FIGS. A, B, and C are knitted fabric areas, 42 is a back knitted fabric, and 44 is a back knitted fabric. For example, knitting is started from the area A side, and in the area B, the knitted fabric is moved to the left as a whole while increasing on the left side of the drawing and decreasing on the right side. In area C, the knitted fabric is knitted without moving the stitches without increasing or decreasing the stitches. Then, the three-dimensional knitted fabric 40 of FIG. 8 is obtained. The other points are the same as those of the embodiment of FIGS. In FIG. 8, the C-shaped opening is oblique to the C-shaped axis only in area B, but it may be oblique over the entire opening, and the knitted fabric
The C-shaped opening may be waved by moving in the order of 1) left movement, 2) right movement, or 1) right movement, 2) left movement.

  FIG. 9 shows a three-dimensional knitted fabric 50 suitable for covering a T-shaped branch portion of a pipe, 52 is a back knitted fabric, 54 is a front knitted fabric, area D has a constant knitting width, and area E has a constant knitting width. An area 60 is provided by increasing and decreasing stitches, and the knitting width is made larger than areas D and F. In addition, in the molding line 56, the increase is made after the reduction, and a semicircular hole is provided. In area F, the knitting width is constant. When the upper three-dimensional knitted fabric 50 in FIG. 9 is knitted, the back knitted fabric 52 is bent so as to be hidden inside due to pulling by the tack shown in FIG. 58 is a hole through which one T-shaped piece is passed, and 59 is a C-shaped opening. Further, the horizontal direction in FIG. 9 is the width direction (course direction) of the knitted fabric, and the vertical direction is the length direction. Knitting can be performed by combining the increase and decrease eyes with the embodiment of FIGS. The three-dimensional knitted fabric 50 is covered with, for example, a T-shaped portion of the pipe, and the piece of pipe protruding from the hole 58 is covered with the three-dimensional knitted fabric of FIG. 1 or FIG. The opening 59 can be closed with a staple needle or the like.

FIG. 10 shows a pipe cover 70 in which the knitting of FIG. 7 is combined twice, and the cover 70 is composed of a connecting yarn that connects the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric and the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric. The cover 70 has turn-back portions 72 and 74. The turn-back portion 72 knits the left and right sides of the knitting width, and the center portion does not perform knitting while holding the stitches on the needles. The part is knitted and the knitting is not performed while the stitches are held on the needles on both the left and right sides. A boundary line 76 is a line facing each other as shown on the left side of FIG. The other points are the same as those of the embodiment of FIGS.

2 Flat knitting machines 4 and 6 Needle bed 8 Carriage 9 Racking motors 10 and 20 Solid knitted fabrics 12 and 22 Back knitted fabrics 14 and 24 Front knitted fabric 16 Connecting yarn 23 Set-up line 27 Knitting end lines 25 and 26 Turn-back areas 12 and 32 Back knitted fabrics 14 and 34 Front knitted fabric 16 Connecting yarns 17 and 19 Inner layer stitches 18 and 20 Outer layer stitches 30 and 40 Solid knitted fabrics 35 and 36 Return area 37 Boundary line 38 Center line 42 Back knitted fabric 44 Front knitted fabric 50 Three-dimensional knitted fabric 52 Back knitted fabric 54 Front knitted fabric 56 Molding line 58 Hole 59 C-shaped opening 60 Area 70 Three-dimensional knitted fabric 72, 74 Turning-back portion 76 Boundary line

A, B, C area D, E, F area

Claims (6)

A method of knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric comprising a front knitted fabric and a back knitted fabric, and a connecting yarn connecting the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric with a flat knitting machine,
A solid that knits the front and back knitted fabrics asymmetrically so that the back knitted fabric appears on the inside and the front knitted fabric appears on the outside and the solid knitted fabric bends in a C shape along the width direction of the knitted fabric Knitting method of knitted fabric.   By repeating the knitting course of knitting the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric at a predetermined number of stitches at a predetermined number of stitches a plurality of times while shifting the position of the knitting stitch, along the needle bed Knitting by smooth knitting for knitting a course of one course, connecting yarn is fixed to the knitting line formed in the knitting course of the second half of smooth knitting on the back knitted fabric, and the first knitting of smooth knitting on the front knitted fabric The method for knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional knitted fabric is bent by fixing a connecting yarn to a stitch row formed by a course.   The three-dimensional knitted fabric that is bent even along the C-shaped axis is knitted by performing back knitting so that the knitting length of the knitted fabric increases or decreases depending on the position in the knitting width direction. A method for knitting a two-dimensional knitted fabric.   By performing an increase at one end of the knitting width of the three-dimensional knitted fabric along the direction parallel to the needle bed of the flat knitting machine and a decrease at the other end, the portion that is inclined with respect to the C-shaped axis is C-shaped. The method for knitting a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the knitted fabric is provided in the opening.   Consisting of stitches knitted by a flat knitting machine and connected to the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric, and the front knitted fabric and the back knitted fabric, and parallel to the needle bed when knitted by the flat knitting machine A solid knitted fabric that is bent in a C shape so that the back knitted fabric appears on the inside and the front knitted fabric appears on the outside. A pipe cover comprising the solid knitted fabric according to claim 5.