JP2012110933A - Shearing device and shearing method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shearing device with which shearing work performed without requiring a special additional equipment, with a simple constitution, without generating burrs and the control of which is easy and which is excellent in the stability of working and mass-productivity.SOLUTION: The device includes (a) a half-shearing part which has: a lower die on which a workpiece is placed; a lower punch to be projected to the upside of the lower die; an upper die which is arranged oppositely on both sides of the workpiece above the lower die; and a molding recessed part which is formed into a similar shape, smaller than the external shape oppositely in the position of the lower punch on the underside of the upper die and (b) a push-back recovery part which has: a die on which the workpiece worked in the half shearing portion is transferred; a recovery hole which is larger than the external shape of the lower punch part of the half shearing portion arranged on the upside of the die; a flat plate tool which is arranged oppositely on both sides of the workpiece above the die; an ejecting pin which is held freely slidably with the flat plate tool in accordance with the position of the recovery hole; and an energizing means which energizes the ejecting pin always so that the tip part of the ejecting pin may be projected from the underside of the flat plate tool.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shearing process of a plate material such as a metal or a hard plastic, and a shearing apparatus capable of separating and collecting a desired shape without generating burrs in a progressive process by a general-purpose press machine and the same This invention relates to a shearing method using

Conventionally, in a shearing process of a plate material such as a metal, a vertical punching method and a flat pressing method are known as methods for performing shearing without generating burrs (Non-Patent Document 1).
Regarding the upper and lower punching method, (Patent Document 1) states that “a punching hole discharge hole is formed in the vicinity of a die having an upper punch and a lower punch, and the lower punch is incorporated, A punch press characterized in that a punching pusher is provided on the opposite side is disclosed.
Further, regarding the flat pushing method, (Patent Document 2) states that “a predetermined portion of the workpiece is pressed from one surface side of the plate-like workpiece and the predetermined portion protrudes to the other surface side facing the one surface side. A half-punch step for forming a protruding portion, a flat pushing step for forming a restoring portion by pushing back the protruding portion from the other side, and a step of removing the restoring portion from the other side. , A punching process for forming a punching site, wherein the workpiece is made of spring steel, and the plate thickness of the workpiece is 100%, and the half punching punch and the half punching die used in the half punching process The press punching method characterized in that the clearance is set to -10% or more and -3% or less. "

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-300646 JP 2007-75888 A

Edited by Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity, Shearing, (1992), p. 96-98 (Corona)

However, the above conventional technique has the following problems.
(1) In the upper and lower punching method, the sheet is sheared upward to the middle of the plate thickness by the lower punch and the upper die and then separated by being sheared in the opposite direction by the upper punch and the lower die. However, since the product is sandwiched between the upper and lower punches, it is necessary to devise product recovery. In this regard, in (Patent Document 1), after the workpiece is retracted after machining, the lower punch is protruded above the lower die, and the product remaining on the punch is laterally projected with a bar-shaped tool (extracting cup pusher). Although recovered, additional equipment is required, the structure is complicated, the process is complicated, and productivity is sacrificed.
(2) Also, with the top and bottom punching method, it is difficult to manage the clearance between the upper punch and the lower die, and burrs are likely to occur on the side surface (circumferential surface) of the product due to rubbing during separation by the upper punch and the lower die. However, deburring work is required in the subsequent process, and there is a problem that high quality and productivity are lacking.
(3) In the flat pressing method, after shearing halfway in the half-punching process, the same deformation as in the top-bottom punching method is realized by pushing back the protruding part between the flat plates in the flat-pressing process, and the product (restoration part) in two steps Can be separated from the workpiece, but the product is pushed back into the workpiece, so a removal process for removing the restoration site from the other side is required, which increases the number of processes and increases the productivity. Had the problem of decreasing.
(4) In (Patent Document 2), as a method of recovering the product, the workpiece is transported to the next step having the recovery hole and the punch while maintaining the state, and the product portion is recovered by the punch in the dropping step. At this time, the clearance between the half punching punch and the half punching die is set to be negative to prevent burrs from being generated on the side surface (circumferential surface) of the product due to rubbing. However, the product holding force in the pushed-back state is weak, and there is a risk that the product may fall off during work transfer, leading to poor feeding, and there is a problem of lack of product transportability and product recovery reliability. It was.
(5) As described above, the top and bottom punching method and the flat pressing method are widely used in the industry because the process becomes complicated and problems remain in processing stability when trying to be realized in a general-purpose pressing process. There has been a strong demand for the development of a shearing technique that does not generate burrs that can be stably applied even in a general-purpose progressive press process.
In addition, both (Patent Document 1) and (Patent Document 2) are simple processing by simply punching a workpiece in a predetermined shape, and it is not assumed that an annular part or the like such as a donut shape is processed. Freedom of processing shape and lack of versatility. Shearing device and shearing process with excellent shape flexibility, productivity, and high quality that can accurately process complex shapes by simply feeding workpieces forward. Realization of the method was desired.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, does not require any special additional equipment, can perform shearing without a burr with a simple configuration, easy tool operation control, and stability of processing. Providing a shearing device with excellent mass productivity, simplifying the process and shortening the processing time, can be applied stably even in a general-purpose progressive press process, ensuring product transport and recovery The purpose is to provide a shearing method with excellent properties, stability, processing reliability, and mass productivity.

In order to solve the above conventional problems, a shearing apparatus and a shearing method using the same according to the present invention have the following configurations.
The shearing device according to claim 1 of the present invention includes: (a) a lower die on which a workpiece to be machined is placed; and a lower portion protruding on the upper surface of the lower die at a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece. A punch portion, an upper die disposed above the lower die with the workpiece sandwiched therebetween, and a lower surface of the upper die corresponding to the position of the lower punch portion and having a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch portion A semi-shearing portion having a formed concave portion, (b) a die on which the workpiece processed by the semi-shearing portion is transferred, and the semi-shearing portion on the upper surface of the die. A recovery hole formed larger than the outer shape of the lower punch portion, a flat plate tool arranged opposite to the workpiece above the die, and slidable on the flat plate tool corresponding to the position of the recovery hole The eject pin that is held and the tip of the eject pin Has a biasing means for biasing at all times the eject pin so as to protrude from the lower surface of the plate tool downward, the push-back recovery unit having a configuration comprising a.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the semi-sheared part, the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch part protruding from the upper surface of the lower die is a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece, and the molding concave part is smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch part. By being formed (having a negative clearance), when a plate-shaped workpiece is pressed from above and below by a pair of upper and lower lower dies and an upper die, a lower punch portion and a molding concave portion, A convex portion can be formed on the upper surface and a concave portion can be formed on the lower surface, so that the workpiece and the convex portion are not broken, and the reliability of the semi-shearing process is excellent.
(2) Since the pushback recovery unit has a die on which the workpiece processed by the semi-shear processing unit is transferred and a flat plate tool that is placed opposite to the workpiece above the die, appropriate half-shear processing conditions By pressing the convex part formed by the semi-sheared part back with a flat tool, the convex part can be easily and reliably separated from the workpiece while suppressing the occurrence of burrs. There is no need to work, and the reliability of separation work and the stability of quality are excellent.
(3) The pushback recovery part is slidably held by the flat plate tool corresponding to the position of the recovery hole formed on the upper surface of the die and larger than the outer shape of the lower punch part of the semi-sheared part. Since there is a biasing means that constantly biases the eject pin downward so that the tip of the eject pin protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool, the workpiece is removed after the convex portion is pushed back with the flat tool. Without moving (moving) the projecting part can be continuously pulled out from the workpiece with the eject pin (pushing down) on the spot, and it can be reliably recovered through the recovery hole, the structure is simple, and the processing time It is possible to shorten the length of the projection, and it is excellent in the reliability of recovering the convex portion and mass productivity.
(4) The pushback recovery unit has a biasing means that always biases the eject pin downward so that the tip of the eject pin protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool, thereby pushing the convex portion back with the flat tool. Even if elastic holding force remains when separated from the ejector, the eject pin automatically moves downward (protrusions), and the convex part can be removed (protruded) from the workpiece. Therefore, it is not necessary to control and operate the eject pin, the process can be simplified, and the tool operation controllability and the operation stability are excellent.

Here, the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch portion of the semi-sheared portion is set to be equal to or less than the workpiece thickness, and the molding recess is formed in a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch portion. When the semi-shearing process is performed in the semi-shearing part, the gap between the convex part and the workpiece (connection part) does not break, and when the convex part is pushed back to the work side in the push-back recovery part, the convex part is removed from the work. In order to allow separation, the material can be appropriately selected according to the material of the workpiece, the plate thickness, the processing shape, and the like.
The lower punch part only needs to protrude a predetermined amount from the upper surface of the lower die when the semi-shearing process is performed by the semi-shearing part. Therefore, the lower punch portion may be fixed to the lower die in a state of protruding in advance, or may be arranged to move up and down with respect to the lower die and moved upward during processing. Further, the lower punch portion and the lower die may be formed integrally from the beginning, or may be formed separately and fitted and fixed by welding or screwing. When the lower punch part is fixed to the lower die so that the position can be adjusted in the vertical direction, the protrusion amount of the lower punch part (depending on the workpiece material, plate thickness, machining dimension, machining shape, etc.) (Cutting amount) can be selected (adjusted), and it is excellent in versatility and processing flexibility. When implemented with a general-purpose mechanical press, the lower punch is fixed in advance to the lower die and the upper die is a medium (spring, synthetic rubber, By pressurizing with a press ram via a gas cushion, etc., the stop error at the bottom dead center of the press ram is absorbed to avoid excessive load on the mold, and a semi-shear cut depth is given reliably. can do.

  The outer shape of the lower punch portion and the inner shape of the molding recess can be appropriately selected according to the processed shape. In this shearing apparatus, the convex portion removed from the workpiece can be used as a product, and the remainder of the workpiece after the convex portion is removed can be used as a product. Therefore, products having various sizes and shapes can be formed by selecting and combining the shape, number, and arrangement of the lower punch portion and the molding recess.

The recovery hole of the push-back recovery part is formed larger than the outer shape of the lower punch part of the semi-sheared part. When the convex part is pulled out from the workpiece with the eject pin (pushing down), the convex part becomes the inner periphery of the recovery hole. It is only necessary that the recovery hole can be smoothly passed without being caught on the surface, and the shape does not necessarily have to be similar to the outer shape of the convex portion, and can be appropriately selected.
If the outer shape of the eject pin is smaller than the outer shape of the convex portion, the convex portion can be surely removed (projected) from the workpiece without interfering with the workpiece, so it is not necessarily similar to the outer shape of the convex portion. It is not necessary and can be selected as appropriate.
The biasing means may be any means that can always bias the eject pin downward so that the tip of the eject pin protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool and can adjust the force. In addition, those energized by gas pressure or hydraulic pressure can also be used. In particular, when an elastic body such as a spring is used, it is inexpensive, and the operating force can be adjusted by giving and fixing the initial displacement, which eliminates the need for a power source and is excellent in energy saving, and also simplifies the structure. It is excellent in space saving and productivity.

  When the convex part is pushed back by the flat tool of the push-back collecting part and separated from the work, it is elastically held in the work and is then pulled out (pushed out) from the work by the eject pin. The ejecting force should be stronger than the holding force in the workpiece. If the ejecting force of the eject pin is too strong, or if the difference between the outer diameter of the eject pin and the recovery hole diameter is too large, before the convex part is separated from the work, Part) is bent, and warping and dents of the product are generated. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately select the ejection force, the ejection pin, and the size of the recovery hole according to the material of the workpiece, the shape of the convex portion, and the like.

Invention of Claim 2 is a shearing device of Claim 1, Comprising: The said lower punch part of the said semi-shear processing part has the structure which can be moved up and down with respect to the said lower die. Yes.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the first aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the lower punch part of the semi-shearing part is movable up and down with respect to the lower die, after the work is sandwiched between the lower die and the upper die, only the lower punch part is moved upward and half-sheared. When machining is performed, it is possible to prevent the tilt of the workpiece and the position shift of the machining location, and the machining reliability and machining dimension stability are excellent.
(2) Since the lower punch part of the semi-shearing part is movable up and down with respect to the lower die, the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch part in advance according to the workpiece material, plate thickness, machining shape, etc. ) Can be selected (adjusted) and is excellent in versatility, processing flexibility, and product design flexibility.

  Here, as the lower punch portion, one that can be driven up and down by hydraulic pressure or the like, or one that can adjust the mounting position by screwing or pin fitting is preferably used.

A third aspect of the present invention is the shearing device according to the first aspect, wherein the lower die of the semi-shearing portion is disposed on a lower holder and an upper portion of the lower holder so as to be movable up and down. A movable punchper, a lower punch insertion hole formed in the movable stripper, and movable stripper biasing means disposed in the lower holder and constantly biasing the movable stripper upward. The tip of the lower punch portion that protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper is inserted into the lower punch insertion hole of the movable stripper, and the tip of the lower punch portion does not normally protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper. When the upper die is lowered and semi-shearing is performed, the tip end portion of the lower punch portion protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the first aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) The lower die of the semi-sheared portion is disposed on the lower holder, a movable stripper disposed on the upper portion of the lower holder so as to be movable up and down, a lower punch insertion hole formed in the movable stripper, and the lower holder. Movable stripper urging means that constantly urges the movable stripper upward, and the tip of the lower punch portion protruding from the upper surface of the lower holder is inserted into the lower punch insertion hole of the movable stripper, Normally, the tip of the lower punch does not protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper, and when the upper die is lowered and half-shearing is performed, the tip of the lower punch protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper. Prior to shearing, the workpiece can be placed on the upper surface of the movable stripper and supported horizontally, and when the upper die is lowered during half-shearing, the workpiece is reliably placed between the movable stripper and the upper die. Sandwiched between While, while forming the recess gradually protrude lower punch portion from the upper surface of the movable stripper on the lower surface of the workpiece, it is possible to form a convex portion on the upper surface, the reliability of the semi-shearing process, excellent stability.
(2) The lower die has a movable stripper disposed on the upper part of the lower holder so as to be movable up and down, and movable stripper urging means disposed on the lower holder and constantly urging the movable stripper upward. When the upper die is lifted after semi-shearing, the workpiece is lifted together with the movable stripper biased by the movable stripper biasing means, and the tip of the lower punch portion is accommodated in the lower punch insertion hole of the movable stripper and is movable. Since it returns to the normal state where it does not protrude from the upper surface of the stripper, even if the work is slid, it does not get caught in the lower punch part, and the work can be transferred smoothly and reliably onto the die of the pushback recovery part. Excellent reliability and labor saving of transfer work.

Here, the movable stripper urging means can normally urge the movable stripper upward as long as the tip of the lower punch portion does not protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper, and is pressed downward by the upper die through the workpiece. When this is done, the movable stripper may move downward, and the tip of the lower punch portion may protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper by a predetermined amount. In addition to an elastic body such as a spring or a synthetic rubber, a member that is urged by gas pressure or hydraulic pressure can be used. In particular, when an elastic body such as a spring is used, it is inexpensive, does not require a power source and is excellent in energy saving, can be simplified in structure, and is excellent in space saving and productivity.
During normal operation, the movable stripper biasing means is applied so that the upper surface of the movable stripper is substantially flush with the upper surface of the tip of the lower punch, or the upper surface of the lower punch is slightly lower than the upper surface of the movable stripper. By setting the force (elasticity), the work can be reliably supported on the upper surface of the movable stripper, and the transfer operation can be performed without hooking the work on the lower punch portion. At this time, the stroke of the movable stripper urging means (the amount of movement of the movable stripper) and the protruding amount of the lower punch portion during the semi-shearing process are substantially the same, and are appropriately selected according to the thickness of the workpiece. be able to.

The invention according to claim 4 is the shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein (a) the half-shear is added to the half-shearing part and the pushback recovery part. A lower die for outer shape processing on which a workpiece processed by the processing portion and the pushback recovery portion is placed, and an outer lower portion for outer shape processing that protrudes on the upper surface of the lower die for outer shape processing at a height equal to or less than the thickness of the workpiece Corresponding to the position of the punching portion, the upper die for outer shape processing disposed opposite to the lower die for outer shape processing across the workpiece, and the position of the lower punch portion for outer shape processing on the lower surface of the upper die for outer shape processing An outer shape semi-shearing portion having an outer shape processing concave portion formed in a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the outer shape processing lower punch portion, and (b) the workpiece processed by the outer shape half-shearing portion. A flat die to be transferred, and the warp die above the flat die. A flat punching tool that is disposed oppositely across the workpiece, (c) an outer punching die on which the workpiece processed by the flat punching tool is transferred, and an outer punch die A product recovery hole larger than the outer shape of the lower punching portion for outer shape processing of the outer shape semi-shearing portion formed on the upper surface, and a dropping tool disposed opposite to the workpiece above the outer shape punching die, And a drop-off recovery unit having a configuration.
With this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 3, the following action is obtained.
(1) In addition to the semi-shearing part and the push-back collecting part, the outer half-shearing part, the flat punching part, and the drop-off collecting part are provided. A semi-shearing process is performed on the workpiece on which the hole is formed, and then a flat punching process and a dropping process are performed to accurately manufacture an annular part (product) such as a donut shape having a hole. It can be used and has excellent flexibility in machining shape.
(2) In the outer half-shearing portion, the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punching portion that protrudes from the upper surface of the lower die for outer shape processing is a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece, By forming a similar shape (having a negative clearance) smaller than the outer shape of the lower punching portion for outer shape processing, a pair of upper and lower lower die for outer shape processing, an upper die for outer shape processing, and a lower punch portion for outer shape processing When the plate-shaped workpiece having the hole is pressed from above and below by the molding recess for outer shape processing, the outer shape convex portion having the hole is formed on the upper surface of the plate-shaped workpiece, and the outer shape recess is formed on the lower surface. The workpiece and the outer shape convex part are not broken, and the outer half-shearing process is highly reliable.
(3) Since the flat punching portion has a flat punching die on which the workpiece processed in the external half-shearing processing portion is transferred, and a flat punching tool that is disposed opposite to the flat punching die with the workpiece sandwiched therebetween, When the outer shape convex part with holes is flattened with a flat tool and separated from the workpiece, it is possible to prevent warpage and burrs from occurring on the outer periphery of the outer shape convex part (connecting part with the workpiece). Excellent shape and dimensional accuracy reliability.
(4) The punching and collecting part is an outer punching die on which a workpiece processed in the flat punching part is transferred, and a lower punching part for outer cutting of an outer half-shearing part formed on the upper surface of the outer punching die. Has a product recovery hole that is larger than the outer shape of the workpiece, and a punching tool that is placed facing the workpiece above the outer punching die, so that the outer shape of the workpiece held in the hole portion of the workpiece transferred from the flat punched portion Since parts can be removed with a tool and removed with a tool, it can be reliably recovered through the product recovery hole, so that all processes can be automated with forward feed to process complicated parts such as rings in a short time. It is excellent in labor saving and mass productivity.

Here, the lower punch portion for outer shape processing and the molding concave portion for outer shape processing of the outer shape semi-shear processing portion are configured in the same manner as the lower punch portion and the molding concave portion of the semi-shear processing portion, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. However, the shapes of the lower punching portion for outer shape processing and the molding concave portion for outer shape processing can be appropriately selected according to the outer shape (processing shape) of the product.
The product recovery hole of the drop-off collection part is a smooth product recovery hole that does not get caught on the inner peripheral surface of the product recovery hole when the external convex part (product) separated from the workpiece is pulled out The shape is not necessarily similar to the outer shape of the outer convex portion, and can be selected as appropriate.
The tool to remove the external convex part (product) without interfering with the hole part of the external convex part (product) processed by the semi-sheared part or the hole part of the workpiece where the external convex part (product) is held. What is necessary is just to be able to pull out (push down) from the workpiece. Therefore, it is only necessary to have a protrusion that comes into contact with the surface of the outer convex portion (product), but the outer shape is preferably larger than the hole portion of the outer convex portion (product) and smaller than the hole portion of the workpiece. It is done.

The invention according to claim 5 is the shearing device according to claim 4, wherein the outer shape processing lower punch portion of the outer shape semi-shearing portion is movable up and down with respect to the outer shape processing lower die. It has the composition which is.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the fourth aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) After the workpiece is sandwiched between the lower die for outer shape processing and the upper die for outer shape processing, because the lower punch portion for outer shape processing of the outer shape semi-shearing portion is movable up and down with respect to the lower die for outer shape processing. When only the lower punching part for outer shape processing is moved upward to perform semi-shearing of the outer shape, it is possible to prevent workpiece tilt and misalignment of the processing location, and ensure processing reliability and stability of processing dimensions. Excellent.
(2) The outer punching portion of the outer shape semi-shearing portion is movable up and down with respect to the lower die for outer shape processing, so that the outer shape processing is performed in advance according to the workpiece material, plate thickness, processing shape, etc. The projecting amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch part can be selected (adjusted), and it is excellent in versatility, processing flexibility, and product design flexibility.
Here, the lower punching part for outer shape processing is the same as the lower punching part, so that the description thereof is omitted.

The invention according to claim 6 is the shearing device according to claim 4, wherein the lower die for outer shape processing of the outer half-sheared portion is a lower holder for outer shape processing and the lower holder for outer shape processing. A contouring movable stripper disposed on the upper part of the contouring processing, a contouring lower punch insertion hole formed in the contouring movable stripper, and the contouring lower holder. A movable stripper biasing means for contouring that always biases the movable stripper for machining upward, and the tip of the lower punching portion for contouring that projects from the upper surface of the lower holder for contouring, It is inserted into the outer shape machining lower punch insertion hole of the outer shape machining movable stripper, and the tip end portion of the outer shape machining lower punch portion normally does not protrude from the upper surface of the outer shape machining movable stripper, and the outer shape And lowering the on-die factory when performing outer half shearing, the leading end portion of the lower for the outer shape processing punch section has a structure that protrudes from the upper surface of the outer shape movable stripper.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the fourth aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) The lower die for outer shape processing of the outer half-sheared portion is a lower holder for outer shape processing, a movable stripper for outer shape processing that is disposed on the upper portion of the lower holder for outer shape processing, and a movable for outer shape processing. A lower punch insertion hole for outer shape machining formed in the stripper, and a movable stripper urging means for outer shape machining which is arranged in the lower holder for outer shape machining and constantly urges the movable stripper for outer shape machining upward, The tip of the lower punching part for contouring projecting from the upper surface of the lower holder for contouring is inserted into the lower punching hole for contouring of the movable stripper for contouring. The tip of the lower punching part for contouring does not protrude from the top surface of the contouring movable stripper, and the top part of the contouring lower punch is the top surface of the contouring movable stripper Therefore, the workpiece can be placed on the upper surface of the movable stripper for outline machining and supported horizontally before the outline half-shearing process is performed. In addition, while securely holding the workpiece between the outer shape machining movable stripper and the outer shape machining upper die, the outer shape machining lower punch portion is gradually protruded from the upper surface of the outer shape machining movable stripper to form a recess on the lower surface of the workpiece. The outer shape convex portion can be formed on the upper surface while molding the material, and the reliability and stability of the outer shape semi-shearing process are excellent.
(2) The lower die for outer shape processing has a movable stripper for outer shape processing disposed on the upper portion of the lower holder for outer shape processing, and a movable stripper for outer shape processing disposed in the lower holder for outer shape processing. A movable stripper biasing means for contouring that biases the outer shape, so that when the upper die for contouring is raised after the half-shearing of the contour, the contouring is biased by the movable stripper biasing means for contouring The workpiece ascends together with the movable stripper, and the tip of the lower punching part for outer shape processing is accommodated in the lower punch insertion hole of the outer shape processing movable stripper and returns to the normal state in which it does not protrude from the upper surface of the outer shape processing movable stripper. Therefore, even if the workpiece is slid, it is not caught by the lower punching part for external machining, and the workpiece is smoothly and reliably transferred onto the flat die of the flat machining part. It is possible to, the reliability of the transfer work of work, excellent labor-saving properties.

Here, the lower holder for outer shape processing, the movable stripper for outer shape processing, the lower punch insertion hole for outer shape processing, and the movable stripper for outer shape processing in the outer half-shear processing portion are the lower die for the outer shape processing. Since it is configured in the same manner as the lower holder, the movable stripper, the lower punch insertion hole, and the movable stripper urging means, description thereof will be omitted.
In addition, the flat punching die and the outer diameter punching die are connected to the outer stripping movable stripper so that the heights of the upper surfaces of the outer punching die, the flat punching die, and the outer diameter punching die (product recovery hole) are aligned. It is preferable that the flat die and the outer diameter removing die move integrally (moves up and down) in synchronism with the machining stripper. As a result, even if the workpiece is slid after the half-shearing of the outer shape, the workpiece will not be caught by the lower punching portion for outer shape processing, and the workpiece can be transferred smoothly and reliably onto the flat die of the flat-worked portion. It is excellent in the reliability and labor saving of the work transfer work. In addition, when transferring the workpiece onto the outer shape die after flattening, the workpiece and the annular part such as a donut shape having a hole are separated, and the holding force between the two members is unstable. In the method of lifting and transferring such a workpiece, the annular part may drop off, but in the present invention, the annular part can be slid and transferred on the same surface while the annular part remains in the workpiece. It does not fall off and excels in certainty of workpiece transfer work.

A shearing method according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is a shearing method using the shearing device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the lower punch of the semi-shearing portion is provided. Forming a concave portion on the lower surface of the workpiece at the portion and forming a convex portion on the upper surface of the workpiece at the molding concave portion, and the workpiece half-sheared in the semi-shear step of the push-back recovery portion. The protrusion is transferred onto the die, the protrusion is pushed back downward with the flat tool and the eject pin, the peripheral edge of the protrusion is sheared along the contour, and the protrusion separated from the workpiece is ejected. And a separation / recovery step in which the pin is punched from the workpiece and dropped into the recovery hole for recovery.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A semi-shearing process in which a concave part is formed on the lower surface of the work at the lower punching part of the semi-shearing part and a convex part is formed on the upper surface of the work in the forming concave part. Transfer onto the die of the return collection unit, push the convex part downward with a flat plate tool and eject pin, shear the peripheral part of the convex part along the contour, and remove the convex part separated from the work with the eject pin. By having a separation / recovery process that punches and drops into a recovery hole for recovery, the convex part does not fall off from the workpiece between the half-shear process and the separation / recovery process, and the convex part is reliably recovered at the recovery hole. And the reliability of the recovery of the convex portion is excellent.
(2) Pushing back the convex part of the work on the die downward with a flat tool and an eject pin, shearing the peripheral edge of the convex part along the contour, and punching out the convex part separated from the work from the work with the eject pin Since it has a separation / recovery process that drops it into a hole and collects it, it is possible to perform separation and recovery of the convex part continuously as one process at one place while suppressing the generation of burrs. Excellent operation reliability, quality stability, ease of tool operation control, and mass productivity.
(3) In the separation and recovery process, by separating and recovering the protrusions at once (continuously), a high-quality product can be manufactured in a short time without increasing the number of processes, and the productivity is excellent. .
(4) The recovery hole shape is slightly larger than the convex shape to be separated, and the eject pin shape is slightly smaller than the convex shape, so that the eject pin is separated without rubbing the workpiece. Smooth and reliable separation can be achieved without the convex portion being caught by the inner peripheral surface of the recovery hole. Further, this dimensional difference also plays a role of absorbing the error when an error occurs in the feed pitch in the process of transferring the workpiece, and can contribute to the stability of processing comprehensively.

A shearing method according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is a shearing method using the shearing device according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, wherein the lower punch of the semi-sheared portion is used. Forming a concave portion on the lower surface of the workpiece at the portion and forming a convex portion on the upper surface of the workpiece at the molding concave portion, and the workpiece half-sheared in the semi-shear step of the push-back recovery portion. The projecting part separated from the workpiece by transferring onto the die, pushing the projecting part downward with the flat tool and the eject pin, shearing the peripheral part of the projecting part along the contour, and A separation and recovery step of punching out the workpiece with an eject pin and dropping it into the recovery hole for recovery, and the workpiece formed with the hole in the separation and recovery step on the lower die for outer shape processing of the outer shape semi-shearing portion Transferred to An outer shape semi-shearing step in which an outer shape concave portion is formed on the lower surface of the workpiece by the lower punch portion and an outer shape convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the workpiece by the molding recess, and the outer shape semi-shearing process is performed in the outer shape semi-shearing step. From the workpiece, the workpiece is transferred onto the flat die of the flat punching portion, the external convex portion is flat hit with the flat punch tool, and the peripheral edge of the external convex portion is sheared along the contour. A flat punching process for holding the separated outer convex part on the workpiece, and transferring the outer convex part separated in the flat punching process together with the workpiece onto the outer punching die of the drop-off collecting part, And a drop-out recovery step in which the outer shape convex portion is dropped from the work with the drop-out tool and dropped into the product recovery hole for recovery.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A semi-shearing process in which a concave part is formed on the lower surface of the work at the lower punching part of the semi-shearing part and a convex part is formed on the upper surface of the work in the forming concave part. Transfer onto the die of the return collection unit, push the convex part downward with a flat plate tool and eject pin, shear the peripheral part of the convex part along the contour, and remove the convex part separated from the work with the eject pin. By having a separation and recovery step of punching and dropping and recovering the recovery hole, the hole can be reliably formed at a desired position of the workpiece in two steps, and the productivity is excellent.
(2) Pushing back the convex part of the work on the die downward with a flat tool and an eject pin, shearing the peripheral edge of the convex part along the contour, and punching out the convex part separated from the work from the work with the eject pin Since it has a separation / recovery process that drops it into a hole and collects it, it is possible to perform separation and recovery of the convex part continuously as one process at one place while suppressing the generation of burrs. Excellent operation reliability, quality stability, ease of tool operation control, and mass productivity.
(3) In the separation and recovery process, by separating and recovering the protrusions at once (continuously), high-quality hole processing can be performed in a short time without increasing the number of processes, and the productivity is excellent. .
(4) Since the shape of the recovery hole is slightly larger than the separated convex shape, and the eject pin shape is slightly smaller than the convex shape, the eject pin does not rub the workpiece and the separated convex portion. Can be separated smoothly and reliably without being caught on the inner peripheral surface of the recovery hole. Further, this dimensional difference also plays a role of absorbing the error when an error occurs in the feed pitch in the process of transferring the workpiece, and can contribute to the stability of processing comprehensively.
(5) An outer shape semi-shearing step in which an outer shape concave portion is formed on the lower surface of the workpiece at the lower punch portion for outer shape machining of the outer shape semi-shearing portion, and an outer shape convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the workpiece in the molding recess. The workpiece that has been semi-sheared on the outer shape is transferred onto the flat punching die of the flat punching part, the outer convex part is flattened with a flat tool, and the peripheral edge of the outer convex part is sheared along the contour from the workpiece. Since it has a flat punching process to hold the separated outer shape convex part to the workpiece, it can be reliably separated from the work without generating burrs on the outer periphery of the outer shape convex part (product) with holes, and the shape stability of the product Excellent.
(6) Remove the outer convex part separated in the flat punching process together with the workpiece and transfer it onto the outer die of the recovery part, remove the outer convex part from the work with a tool and drop it into the product recovery hole. By having a drop-off recovery step to collect, the outer shape convex part (product) can be easily and reliably transferred to the drop-off recovery part while being held in the hole of the workpiece, and can be recovered in the product recovery hole. There is no risk of losing the product, and it is excellent in labor saving and certainty of product transportation and collection.

As described above, according to the shearing device of the present invention and the shearing method using the same, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) After the semi-sheared convex part is pushed back with a flat tool and separated from the work, the work is not continuously transported (moved), but continuously pulled out (ejected) by the eject pin on the spot and collected. The hole can be reliably recovered, and it is not necessary to control and operate the eject pin with a special device. The structure and process can be simplified and the machining time can be shortened. It is possible to provide a shearing device that is excellent in the stability of the projection, is reliable in recovering the convex portion, and is excellent in mass productivity.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect described in claim 1, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) By selecting (adjusting) the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch part in advance according to the workpiece material, plate thickness, machining shape, etc., versatility, machining flexibility, product design flexibility Especially, when the workpiece is sandwiched between the lower die and the upper die and then only the lower punch part is moved upward to perform semi-shearing, it prevents the workpiece from being tilted or the position of the machined part from being displaced. Therefore, it is possible to provide a shearing device excellent in processing reliability and processing dimension stability.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect described in claim 1, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) After the semi-shearing process, the workpiece can be slid and transferred smoothly and surely onto the die of the push-back recovery unit, and a shearing device excellent in the reliability and labor saving of the work transfer operation Can be provided.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) For workpieces with holes formed in the semi-shearing section and the push-back collection section, a product is obtained by semi-shearing the periphery of the hole and then performing a flat punching process and a dropping process. Prevents the occurrence of warpage and burrs on the outer periphery of the outer convex part (connection part with the workpiece), and can accurately manufacture annular parts (products) such as donuts with holes, and the machining shape is flexible. It is possible to provide a shearing device excellent in reliability, reliability of product shape and dimensional accuracy.

According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the effect described in claim 4, the following advantageous effect can be obtained.
(1) Generality, flexibility of processing, product design by selecting (adjusting) the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punching part for outline machining in advance according to the workpiece material, plate thickness, machining shape, etc. In particular, when the workpiece is sandwiched between the lower die for outer shape processing and the upper die for outer shape processing, and then only the lower punch portion for outer shape processing is moved upward to perform the outer shape semi-shear processing, It is possible to provide a shearing device that can prevent the tilting of the workpiece, the position shift of the machining location, and the like, and is excellent in machining reliability and machining dimension stability.

According to the invention described in claim 6, in addition to the effect described in claim 4, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) After the outer half-shearing process, the workpiece can be slid and transferred smoothly and reliably onto the flat die of the flat-worked part. A processing apparatus can be provided.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) While suppressing the generation of burrs, separation and recovery of convex portions can be carried out continuously in one place as one process, separation of convex portions, reliability of recovery operation, stability of quality, tool It is possible to provide a shearing apparatus that is excellent in operation control and mass productivity.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
(1) It is possible to automate the manufacture of annular parts (products) such as donuts with holes in a progressive press process, and prevent burrs and warpage from occurring on the outer periphery of the product. A shearing device excellent in flexibility, product shape stability, and mass productivity can be provided.

Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing the configuration of the shearing apparatus in the first embodiment Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing a semi-shearing step of a shearing method using the shearing device according to Embodiment 1. Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing the separation and recovery step of the shearing method using the shearing device in the first embodiment. Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing the configuration of the shearing apparatus according to Embodiment 2. Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing the outer half-shearing step of the shearing method using the shearing device according to the second embodiment. Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing a flattening process of a shearing method using the shearing apparatus according to Embodiment 2. Cross-sectional schematic diagram of relevant parts showing a drop-out recovery step of a shearing method using the shearing apparatus in Embodiment 2.

Hereinafter, a shearing apparatus and a shearing method using the same according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a configuration of a shearing apparatus in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a shearing device according to the first embodiment including a semi-shearing unit 2 and a pushback recovery unit 3, and 4 is a semi-shearing unit 2 on which a workpiece such as a metal plate material to be processed is placed. The lower die 4a is a lower holder of the lower die 4, 4b is a biasing means accommodating recess formed in the lower holder 4a, and 4c is a movable stripper biasing using a coil spring disposed in the biasing means accommodating recess 4b. Means 4d is disposed on the lower holder 4a and is always movable upwardly by the movable stripper urging means 4c. The movable die stripper 4e is vertically movable and 4e is formed in the movable stripper 4d. The lower punch insertion hole 5 through which the tip of the punch portion 5 is inserted normally does not protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper 4d, and the movable stripper 4d is moved when the upper die 6 described later is lowered to perform semi-shearing. of A lower punch portion projecting from the surface of the semi-shearing portion 2, 6 is an upper die of the semi-shearing portion 2 disposed opposite to the lower die 4 with a workpiece interposed therebetween, and 7 is a lower punch portion on the lower surface of the upper die 6. The molding recess of the semi-shearing part 2 formed in a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch part 5 corresponding to the position of 5, 8 is a push-back to which the workpiece processed in the semi-shearing part 2 is transferred The collecting part 3 dies 9 are formed on the upper surface of the die 8 larger than the outer shape of the lower punching part 5 of the semi-shearing part 2. The flat plate tool 10a of the push-back collecting unit 3 that is opposed to the plate 10a has an eject pin receiving recess 10b formed in the flat tool 10 corresponding to the position of the recovery hole 9, and 10b covers the opening of the eject pin receiving recess 10a. The provided covering portion 11 is slidable in the eject pin accommodating recess 10a. The eject pin 11 of the push-back recovery unit 3 held, 11a is the tip of the eject pin 11 protruding from the lower surface of the flat tool 10, 11b is the base of the eject pin 11, 12 is the base 11b of the covering portion 10b and the eject pin 11. Is a biasing means of the push-back recovery unit 3 using a coil spring that constantly biases the eject pin 11 downward so that the tip 11a of the eject pin 11 protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool 10.

A shearing method using the shearing apparatus in Embodiment 1 configured as described above will be described.
First, the semi-shearing process of the shearing method will be described.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a semi-shearing step of the shearing method using the shearing device according to the first embodiment.
In FIG. 2, 20 is a workpiece such as a metal plate or a hard plastic plate, 20a is a recess formed on the lower surface of the workpiece 20, 20b is a projection formed on the upper surface of the workpiece, and 20c is a peripheral edge of the projection 20b. It is a connection part which connects the convex part 20b.
In the semi-shearing step, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the upper die 6 of the semi-shearing portion 2 is lowered to compress the movable stripper urging means 4c, the movable stripper 4d is lowered, and the lower punch portion 5 protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper 4d at a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece 20. Thereby, the concave portion 20 a is molded on the lower surface of the workpiece 20, and the convex portion 20 b is molded on the upper surface of the workpiece 20 by the molding concave portion 7.
When the upper die 6 is raised, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the movable stripper urging means 4c is restored, the work 20 is raised to the original position together with the movable stripper 4d, and the half-shearing process is completed.
In the present embodiment, the upper surface of the tip of the lower punch portion 5 is slightly lower than the upper surface of the movable stripper 4d in the normal state, but it may be substantially flush.

Next, the separation and recovery process of the shearing method will be described.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relevant part showing the separation and recovery step of the shearing method using the shearing apparatus in the first embodiment.
In FIGS. 3B and 3C, 20 d is a hole formed in the workpiece 20.
First, the workpiece 20 that has been half-sheared in the half-shearing process is transferred onto the die 8 of the pushback recovery unit 3. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the lower punch portion 5 does not protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper 4d of the lower die 4, and the upper surface of the movable stripper 4d and the upper surface of the die 8 of the pushback recovery portion 3 Therefore, the workpiece 20 can be easily transferred by sliding it.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3A, the flat tool 10 of the pushback recovery unit 3 is lowered and the convex portion 20b is pressed downward. At this time, since the rigidity of the connecting portion 20c is high and overcomes the ejecting force of the ejecting pin 11 (the biasing force of the biasing means 12), the ejecting pin 11 is retracted into the ejecting pin accommodating recess 10a, and the flat tool 10 and the ejecting pin The convex part 20b can be pushed back by the surface of the 11 front-end | tip part 11a.
As a result, the connecting portion 20c at the peripheral edge of the convex portion 20b is sheared along the contour, and the convex portion 20b is separated from the workpiece 20, and is elastic in the hole portion 20d of the workpiece 20 as shown in FIG. Retained.
By separating the convex portion 20b from the workpiece 20, the ejecting force of the ejecting pin 11 (the biasing force of the biasing means 12) overcomes the holding force in the workpiece 20, and as shown in FIG. 11 protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool 10, and the convex portion 20 b is pulled out (projected) from the workpiece 20 and dropped into the collection hole 9 and collected.
In addition, in this shearing apparatus 1, the convex part 20b extracted from the workpiece | work 20 can also be used as a product, and the remainder of the workpiece | work 20 which has the hole 20d after extracting the convex part 20b is used as a product. You can also Therefore, by selecting and combining the shape, number, arrangement, and the like of the lower punch portion 5 and the molding recess 7, products having various dimensional shapes can be formed.

The protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch portion 5 was set to be equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece 20 to be processed, and the molding concave portion 7 was formed in a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch portion 5. These dimensions are such that when the semi-shearing process is performed in the semi-shearing portion 2, the connecting portion 20 c between the convex portion 20 b and the workpiece 20 is not broken, and the convex portion 20 b is replaced by the workpiece 20 in the pushback recovery portion 3. It was selected according to the material, plate thickness, processing shape, etc. of the workpiece 20 so that the convex portion 20b can be separated from the workpiece 20 when pushed back to the side.
The lower punch portion 5 only needs to protrude a predetermined amount from the upper surface of the lower die 4 when the semi-shearing portion 2 performs the semi-shearing process. In the present embodiment, the movable stripper 4d is moved up and down and the lower punch portion 5 is fixed. However, the lower punch portion 5 is arranged to move up and down and is moved upward by hydraulic pressure or the like during processing. You can also.

The lower punch portion 5 may be fixed separately from the lower holder 4a of the lower die 4 as in the present embodiment, or may be integrally formed from the beginning. The lower punch portion 5 is fixed to the lower die 4 by screwing or pin fitting so that the position can be adjusted in the vertical direction, the spring force of the movable stripper urging means 4c, the thickness of the movable stripper 4d, the lower punch portion By selecting and exchanging the length of 5 or the like, the protrusion amount (cutting amount) of the lower punch portion 5 is selected according to the material, thickness, processing dimension, processing shape, etc. of the workpiece 20 to be processed (Adjustment), excellent versatility and processing flexibility.
In addition, the external shape of the lower punch part 5 and the internal shape of the molding recessed part 7 can be suitably selected according to a process shape.

The recovery hole 9 of the push-back recovery part 3 is smoothly recovered without the convex part 20b being caught by the inner peripheral surface of the recovery hole 9 when the convex part 20b is pulled out from the work 20 by the eject pin 11 (pushing down). Is formed larger than the outer shape of the lower punch portion 5 of the semi-sheared portion 2. The shape of the recovery hole 9 is not necessarily similar to the outer shape of the convex portion 20b, and can be selected as appropriate.
The outer shape of the tip portion 11a of the eject pin 11 is formed smaller than the outer shape of the convex portion 20b so that the convex portion 20b can be surely pulled out (projected) from the workpiece 20 without interfering with the workpiece 20. . Note that the outer shape of the distal end portion 11a of the eject pin 11 is not necessarily similar to the outer shape of the convex portion 20b, and can be selected as appropriate.
Further, providing a dimensional difference between the shape of the recovery hole 9 and the outer shape of the tip portion 11a of the eject pin 11 and the outer shape of the convex portion 20b prevents the tool 20 from contacting the workpiece 20 during recovery as described above. In addition to this, it also has an effect of absorbing a feed pitch error generated in the transfer process.
In the present embodiment, the coil spring is used as the urging means 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the eject pin 11 is always moved downward so that the tip 11 a of the eject pin 11 protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool 10. What is necessary is just to be able to urge and adjust its force. An elastic body such as a synthetic rubber may be used, or one that is biased by gas pressure or hydraulic pressure may be used. Note that when an elastic body such as a coil spring is used as in the present embodiment, the driving force is unnecessary and the energy saving is excellent, the structure can be simplified, and the space saving and productivity are excellent.

Since the shearing apparatus of Embodiment 1 is configured as described above, it has the following actions.
(1) In the semi-sheared portion, the protrusion amount (cut amount) of the lower punch portion protruding from the upper surface of the movable stripper of the lower die is a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece, and the molding recess is smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch portion. By forming a similar shape (having a negative clearance), when the plate-shaped workpiece is pressed from above and below by a pair of upper and lower dies, an upper die, a lower punch portion, and a molding recess, the plate A convex portion can be formed on the upper surface of the workpiece, and a concave portion can be formed on the lower surface. The workpiece and the convex portion are not broken, and the reliability of the semi-shearing process is excellent.
(2) The lower die of the semi-sheared portion is disposed on the lower holder, a movable stripper disposed on the upper portion of the lower holder so as to be movable up and down, a lower punch insertion hole formed in the movable stripper, and the lower holder. Movable stripper urging means that constantly urges the movable stripper upward, and the tip of the lower punch portion protruding from the upper surface of the lower holder is inserted into the lower punch insertion hole of the movable stripper, Normally, the tip of the lower punch does not protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper, and when the upper die is lowered and half-shearing is performed, the tip of the lower punch protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper. Prior to shearing, the workpiece can be placed on the upper surface of the movable stripper and supported horizontally, and when the upper die is lowered during half-shearing, the workpiece is reliably placed between the movable stripper and the upper die. Sandwiched between While, while forming the recess gradually protrude lower punch portion from the upper surface of the movable stripper on the lower surface of the workpiece, it is possible to form a convex portion on the upper surface, the reliability of the semi-shearing process, excellent stability.
(3) The lower die has a movable stripper disposed on the upper part of the lower holder so as to be movable up and down, and movable stripper biasing means disposed on the lower holder and constantly biasing the movable stripper upward. When the upper die is lifted after semi-shearing, the workpiece is lifted together with the movable stripper biased by the movable stripper biasing means, and the tip of the lower punch portion is accommodated in the lower punch insertion hole of the movable stripper and is movable. Since it returns to the normal state where it does not protrude from the upper surface of the stripper, even if the work is slid, it does not get caught in the lower punch part, and the work can be transferred smoothly and reliably onto the die of the pushback recovery part. Excellent reliability and labor saving of transfer work.
(4) Since the pushback recovery unit has a die on which the workpiece processed by the semi-shear processing unit is transferred and a flat plate tool that is disposed oppositely across the workpiece above the die, appropriate half-shear processing conditions By pressing the convex part formed by the semi-sheared part back with a flat tool, the convex part can be easily and reliably separated from the workpiece while suppressing the occurrence of burrs. There is no need to work, and the reliability of separation work and the stability of quality are excellent.
(5) The pushback recovery part is slidably held by the flat tool corresponding to the position of the recovery hole formed on the upper surface of the die and larger than the outer shape of the lower punch part of the semi-sheared part. Since there is a biasing means that constantly biases the eject pin downward so that the tip of the eject pin protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool, the workpiece is removed after the convex portion is pushed back with the flat tool. Without moving (moving) the projecting part can be continuously pulled out from the workpiece with the eject pin (pushing down) on the spot, and it can be reliably recovered through the recovery hole, the structure is simple, and the processing time It is possible to shorten the length of the projection, and it is excellent in the reliability of recovering the convex portion and mass productivity.
(6) The pushback recovery unit has a biasing means that always biases the eject pin downward so that the tip of the eject pin protrudes from the lower surface of the flat tool, thereby pushing the convex portion back with the flat tool. Even if elastic holding force remains when separated from the ejector, the eject pin automatically moves downward (protrusions), and the convex part can be removed (protruded) from the workpiece. Therefore, it is not necessary to operate the eject pin independently, the process can be simplified, and the controllability of the tool operation and the stability of the operation are excellent.

Since the shearing method using the shearing apparatus of Embodiment 1 is configured as described above, it has the following operations.
(1) A semi-shearing process in which a concave part is formed on the lower surface of the work at the lower punching part of the semi-shearing part and a convex part is formed on the upper surface of the work in the forming concave part. Transfer onto the die of the return collection unit, push the convex part downward with a flat plate tool and eject pin, shear the peripheral part of the convex part along the contour, and remove the convex part separated from the work with the eject pin. By having a separation / recovery process that punches and drops into a recovery hole for recovery, the convex part does not fall off from the workpiece between the half-shear process and the separation / recovery process, and the convex part is reliably recovered at the recovery hole. And the reliability of the recovery of the convex portion is excellent.
(2) Pushing back the convex part of the work on the die downward with a flat tool and an eject pin, shearing the peripheral edge of the convex part along the contour, and punching out the convex part separated from the work from the work with the eject pin Since it has a separation / recovery process that drops it into a hole and collects it, it is possible to perform separation and recovery of the convex part continuously as one process at one place while suppressing the generation of burrs. Excellent operation reliability, quality stability, ease of tool operation control, and mass productivity.
(3) In the separation and recovery process, by separating and recovering the protrusions at once (continuously), a high-quality product can be manufactured in a short time without increasing the number of processes, and the productivity is excellent. .
(4) The recovery hole shape is slightly larger than the convex shape to be separated, and the eject pin shape is slightly smaller than the convex shape, so that the eject pin is separated without rubbing the workpiece. Smooth and reliable separation can be achieved without the convex portion being caught by the inner peripheral surface of the recovery hole. Further, this dimensional difference also plays a role of absorbing the error when an error occurs in the feed pitch in the process of transferring the workpiece, and can contribute to the stability of processing comprehensively.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relevant part showing the configuration of the shearing apparatus according to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing similar to Embodiment 1, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
In FIG. 4, the shearing device 1A in the second embodiment differs from the shearing device 1 in the first embodiment in addition to the half-shearing unit 2 and the pushback recovery unit 3, and the outer half-shearing unit 2A, It is a point provided with 3A of punching process parts and the withdrawal collection | recovery part 3B.
First, the outer half-shearing portion 2A will be described.
In FIG. 4, reference numeral 4A denotes a lower die for outer shape processing of the outer half-shearing portion 2A on which a workpiece processed by the push-back collecting portion 3 is transferred, and 5a is a movable stripper 14d for outer shape processing whose tip is normally described later. A lower punch portion for outer shape processing of the outer shape semi-shearing portion 2A that protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper 14d for outer shape processing when lowering the upper die 6 for outer shape processing described below without lowering from the upper surface of the outer shape. 6a is an upper die for outer shape processing of the outer half-shearing portion 2A disposed opposite to the lower die 4A for outer shape processing with a workpiece interposed therebetween, and 7a is a lower punch portion 5a for outer shape processing on the lower surface of the upper die 6a for outer shape processing. Corresponding to the position of the outer shape processing lower punch portion 5a, and the outer shape semi-shearing portion 2A of the outer shape semi-shearing portion 2A is formed in a similar shape, and 14a is the outer shape processing lower die 4A. Holder, 14b Contouring biasing means receiving recess 14c formed in the contouring lower holder 14a, 14c is a movable stripper biasing means for contouring using a coil spring disposed in the contouring biasing means receiving recess 14b, 14d Is a movable stripper for outer shape processing that is movable up and down of the lower die 4A for outer shape processing that is arranged on the upper part of the lower holder for outer shape processing 14a and is always urged upward by the movable stripper urging means 14c for outer shape processing. This is a lower punching hole for outer shape processing that is formed in the movable stripper for processing 14d and through which the tip of the lower punching portion 5a for outer shape processing is inserted.

Next, the flat punching portion 3A will be described.
In FIG. 4, 8a is a flat punching die of the flat punching portion 3A having a flat placement surface on which the workpiece processed by the external half-shear processing portion 2A is transferred, and 8b is a workpiece above the flat punching die 8a. This is a flat punching tool for a flat punching portion 3A having flat pressing surfaces that are opposed to each other.

Next, the withdrawal collection unit 3B will be described.
In FIG. 4, 15 is an outline punching die of the drop collection unit 3 </ b> B on which a workpiece processed by the flat punching part 3 </ b> A is transferred, and 16 is for the external machining of the external semi-shearing part 2 </ b> A on the upper surface of the external punching die 15. A product recovery hole formed larger than the outer shape of the lower punch portion 5 a, 17 is a dropping tool that is disposed to face the workpiece above the outer punching die 15, and 17 a is formed on the surface of the dropping tool 17. It is a protrusion.

A shearing method using the shearing apparatus in Embodiment 2 configured as described above will be described.
In the shearing device 1A in the second embodiment, the semi-shearing unit 2 and the push-back collecting unit 3 perform the semi-shearing step and the separation / recovering step. The shearing device 1 in the first embodiment is used for these. Since it is the same as the half-shearing step and separation / recovery step of the shearing method, description thereof is omitted (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
First, the outer half-shearing step of the shearing method will be described.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relevant part showing the outer half-shearing step of the shearing method using the shearing device according to the second embodiment.
5 (b) and 5 (c), 21a is an outer shape concave portion formed on the lower surface of the workpiece 20, 21b is an outer shape convex portion formed on the upper surface of the work, and 21c is an outer periphery of the outer shape convex portion 21b. It is a connection part which connects the convex part 21b.
First, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the outer shape processing of the outer half-shearing portion 2A of the workpiece 20 (see FIG. 3 (c)) in which the hole 20d is formed in the separation and recovery step in the pushback recovery portion 3 is performed. It is transferred onto the movable stripper 14d for outer shape processing in the lower die 4A.

As shown in FIG. 5B, by lowering the upper die 6a for outer shape machining of the outer half-shearing portion 2A, the outer shape machining movable stripper urging means 14c is compressed, and the outer shape machining movable stripper 14d is lowered. The tip of the lower punching portion 5a for outer shape processing protrudes from the upper surface of the movable stripper 14d for outer shape processing at a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece 20. As a result, the outer shape concave portion 21a is molded on the lower surface of the workpiece 20, and the outer shape convex portion 21b having the hole portion 20d on the upper surface of the workpiece 20 is molded by the outer shape processing molding concave portion 7a.
When the upper die 6a for contouring is raised, as shown in FIG. 5C, the contouring movable stripper urging means 14c is restored, and the workpiece 20 is raised to the original position together with the contouring movable stripper 14d. This completes the outer half-shearing process.

Next, the flattening process of the shearing method will be described.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relevant part showing a flat-working process of the shearing method using the shearing apparatus according to the second embodiment.
In FIG. 6, 21 d is a hole formed in the workpiece 20.
In the flat punching process, the workpiece 20 (see FIG. 5C) subjected to the external half-shearing process in the external half-shearing part 2A is transferred onto the flat die 8a of the flat punching part 3A. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, by lowering the flat tool 8 b, the outer shape convex portion 21 b can be pushed back by the surface (pressing surface) of the flat tool 8 b.
As a result, the connection portion 21c at the periphery of the outer shape convex portion 21b is sheared along the contour, the outer shape convex portion 21b having the hole portion 20d is separated from the workpiece 20, and the outer shape convex portion is formed in the hole portion 21d of the workpiece 20. It is elastically held at the outer periphery of 21b.

Next, the drop-off recovery process of the shearing method will be described.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relevant part showing a drop-out recovery step of the shearing method using the shearing apparatus in the second embodiment.
In the drop-out recovery step, the outer shape convex portion 21b separated in the flat-out step 3A in the flat-out processing unit 3A is transferred onto the outer shape extraction die 15 of the drop-out recovery unit 3B together with the workpiece 20 and then shown in FIG. As described above, by lowering the removal tool 17, the outer shape convex portion 21 b can be removed from the workpiece 20 by the projection 17 a and dropped into the product collection hole 16.
As a result, the outer shape convex part 21b having the hole part 20d can be recovered as an annular part (product).
In addition, the shape and size of the hole 20d and the outer shape convex portion 21b can be appropriately selected and combined, and an annular part having various dimensions and shapes can be formed as a product.

  In the normal state (after completion of the outer half-shearing step), the upper surface of the movable stripper 14d for outer shape machining of the outer half-shearing portion 2A, the flat punching die 8a of the flat punching portion 3A, and the outer punching die 15 of the drop-off collecting portion 3B. By forming the upper surface of the two substantially flush with each other, the workpiece 20 can be slid between the respective parts and transferred easily. At this time, by connecting the movable stripper 14d for outer shape processing, the flat die 8a, and the outer shape die 15, the workpiece 20 can be transferred smoothly and reliably, and the stability of the transfer operation is excellent. Further, the flat die 8a and the outer shape die 15 can be provided with a movable portion (movable stripper) similar to the outer shape processing movable stripper 14d. In particular, these are connected (integrated) to the outer shape processing movable stripper 14d. ), The movement can be synchronized, and the workpiece 20 is not caught at the time of transfer, and the operation reliability is excellent.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
For the shearing device 1 shown in the first embodiment, the diameter of the lower punch portion 5 is 16 mm, the inner diameter of the molding recess 7 is 15.95 mm, the inner diameter of the recovery hole 9 is 18 mm, the diameter of the tip 11 a of the eject pin 11 is 8 mm, and the stroke is 5 mm. Then, an SPCC material (cold rolled steel sheet) having a thickness of 0.5 mm was processed as the workpiece 20.
At this time, the clearance (= radius difference) between the molding concave portion 7 and the lower punch portion 5 is −0.025 mm, and the plate thickness ratio of the workpiece 20 is −5%.
By making the cut amount of the lower punch portion 5 to 65% to 85% of the thickness of the workpiece 20 and the ejecting force of the eject pin 11 to be 90N to 190N, a disc-shaped product (convex portion) is generated without causing burrs. 20b) was separated from the workpiece 20 and could be recovered without being caught in the recovery hole 9, and no warpage or dents of the product occurred.
From the above, according to the shearing device 1 of the present invention and the shearing method using the same, the semi-sheared workpiece 20 can be selected by appropriately selecting the half-shearing conditions and the ejecting force of the eject pin 11. It has been found that the convex portion 20b can be separated and recovered in one continuous process, eliminating the need for deburring work and improving productivity.

(Example 2)
In the shearing device 1A shown in the second embodiment, in processing the hole portion of the annular part, the diameter of the lower punch portion 5 is 46.20 mm, the inner diameter of the molding recess 7 is 46.10 mm, the inner diameter of the recovery hole 9 is 46.70 mm, The diameter of the tip portion 11a of the eject pin 11 is 45.60 mm and the stroke is 5 mm. In processing the outer portion, the lower punch portion 5a for outer shape processing has a diameter of 78.90 mm, the inner diameter of the molding recess 7a for outer shape processing is 78.80 mm. An SPCC material (cold rolled steel plate) having a plate thickness of 1.0 mm was processed as the workpiece 20 with an inner diameter of the recovery hole 16 of 79.80 mm and a diameter of the protrusion 17a of the removal tool 17 of 73.80 mm.
At this time, the clearance (= radius difference) between the molding concave portion 7 and the lower punch portion 5 and the outer shape processing concave portion 7a and the outer shape processing lower punch portion 5a are both -0.05 mm, and the thickness of the workpiece 20 The ratio is -5%.
The cutting amount of the lower punch portion 5 is set to 65% to 85% of the thickness of the workpiece 20 and the ejecting force of the eject pin 11 is set to 90N to 190N. By setting the protruding portion 17a to protrude 2 mm from the tool surface, the outer shape convex portion 21b having the hole portion 20d is separated from the workpiece 20 as an annular part (product) without causing burrs, and is formed in the product collecting hole 16. The product could be recovered without being caught and the product was not warped or dented. Further, after the flat strike, the outer shape convex portion 21b (annular part) having the hole 20d is separated from the work 20 and held in an unstable state in the hole 21d of the work 20, but in the present invention the work 20 Since it is slid without being lifted and transferred from the flat-working portion 3A to the drop-out collecting portion 3B, there is no occurrence of a defect during conveyance.
From the above, according to the shearing apparatus 1A of the present invention and the shearing method using the same, the semi-shearing conditions, the ejecting force of the eject pin 11 and the diameter and the protruding amount of the projecting portion 17a of the removal tool 17 are obtained. By selecting appropriately, it is possible to separate and collect the outer shape convex part 21b (annular part) having the hole 20d from the semi-sheared work 20, thereby eliminating the need for deburring work and improving productivity. I understood that it was planned.

(Comparative Example 1)
For a workpiece having the same material and thickness as in (Example 2), the same size as in (Example 2), using a mold in which the flat punched portion 3A is omitted from the same size as in (Example 2) When the annular part was processed, that is, when both the hole part and the outer shape part of the annular part were processed by the semi-shearing process and the dropping process, burrs were generated in a part of the outer peripheral part of the annular part.
From the comparison between (Example 2) and (Comparative Example 1), it is found that the flat punching process by the flat punching part 3A is effective in suppressing the burr on the outer peripheral part, particularly in the processing of the annular part. It was.

  The present invention does not require any special additional equipment, can perform shearing without a burr with a simple configuration, can easily control tool operation, and has excellent machining stability and mass productivity. And the process cost can be reduced, the processing time can be shortened, and it can be applied stably in the general-purpose progressive press process. By providing a shearing method with excellent reliability, stability, processing reliability, and mass productivity, it is possible to improve the efficiency and cost of shearing work for metal, hard plastic, and other plate materials. It can be suitably used for the production of motor cores, washers, shims and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A Shearing apparatus 2 Semi-shearing part 2A External half-shearing part 3 Pushback collection | recovery part 3A Flat punching part 3B Drop-out collection part 4 Lower die 4A Lower die 4a for outer shape processing Lower holder 4b Energizing means accommodation recessed part 4c Movable stripper urging means 4d Movable stripper 4e Lower punch insertion hole 5 Lower punch part 5a Lower punch part 6 for outer shape processing Upper die 6a Upper die 7 for outer shape processing Molded concave part 7a Molded concave part 8 for outer shape processing Die 8a Flat die 8b Flat tool 9 Collection hole 10 Flat tool 10a Eject pin receiving recess 10b Covering portion 11 Eject pin 11a Tip 11b Base 12 Biasing means 14a Outer shape processing lower holder 14b Outer shape processing biasing means receiving recess 14c Stripper biasing means 14d Movable stripper 14e for outer shape processing Lower punch insertion hole 15 for outer shape processing B 16 product recovery hole 17 vent off tool 17a projections 20 work 20a recess 20b convex portion 20c, 21c connecting portions 20d, 21d hole portion 21a outer recess 21b outer protrusions

Claims (8)

(A) A lower die on which a workpiece to be processed is placed, a lower punch portion projecting at a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece on the upper surface of the lower die, and the workpiece sandwiched above the lower die A semi-sheared portion having an upper die disposed opposite to each other, and a molding recess formed in a lower surface of the upper die in a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the lower punch portion corresponding to the position of the lower punch portion When,
(B) a die on which the workpiece processed in the semi-shearing portion is transferred, a recovery hole formed on the upper surface of the die larger than the outer shape of the lower punch portion of the semi-shearing portion, A flat plate tool disposed above the die across the workpiece, an eject pin held slidably by the flat plate tool corresponding to the position of the recovery hole, and a tip portion of the eject pin is the flat plate tool An urging means for constantly urging the eject pin downward so as to protrude from the lower surface of the push-back recovery unit,
A shearing apparatus characterized by comprising: The shear processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower punch portion of the semi-shear processing portion is movable up and down with respect to the lower die. The lower die of the semi-shearing portion includes a lower holder, a movable stripper disposed on the upper portion of the lower holder so as to freely move up and down, a lower punch insertion hole formed in the movable stripper, and the lower holder Movable stripper urging means that constantly urges the movable stripper upward, and the tip of the lower punch portion protruding from the upper surface of the lower holder has the lower end of the movable stripper The tip of the lower punch portion is inserted into the punch insertion hole, and when the tip portion of the lower punch portion does not protrude from the upper surface of the movable stripper and the upper die is lowered to perform a semi-shear process. The shearing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a portion protrudes from an upper surface of the movable stripper. In addition to the semi-shearing part and the pushback recovery part,
(A) A lower die for outer shape processing on which a workpiece processed by the semi-shearing portion and the pushback recovery portion is placed, and an upper surface of the lower die for outer shape processing at a height equal to or less than the plate thickness of the workpiece A projecting lower punch portion for outer shape processing, an upper die for outer shape processing disposed opposite to the workpiece above the lower die for outer shape processing, and the lower punch for outer shape processing on the lower surface of the upper die for outer shape processing An outer shape semi-sheared portion having an outer shape processing molding recess formed in a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the outer shape processing lower punch portion corresponding to the position of the portion,
(B) A flat die having a flat die on which the workpiece processed by the outer half-shearing section is transferred, and a flat tool placed oppositely across the workpiece above the flat die. Processing part,
(C) An outer shape die on which the workpiece processed by the flat punching portion is transferred, and a shape larger than the outer shape of the lower punch portion for outer shape processing of the outer shape semi-shearing portion on the upper surface of the outer shape die. A drop collection unit having a product collection hole provided, and a drop tool disposed oppositely across the workpiece above the outer die;
The shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shearing device is provided. 5. The shearing device according to claim 4, wherein the outer shape processing lower punch portion of the outer shape half shearing portion is movable up and down with respect to the outer shape processing lower die. The lower die for outer shape processing of the outer half-shear portion is a lower holder for outer shape processing, a movable stripper for outer shape processing disposed on the upper portion of the lower holder for outer shape processing, and the outer shape processing A lower punch insertion hole for outer shape machining formed in the movable stripper, and a movable stripper biasing means for outer shape machining which is disposed in the lower holder for outer shape machining and constantly biases the movable stripper for outer shape machining upward. A leading end of the lower punching part for outer shape processing protruding from the upper surface of the lower holder for outer shape processing is inserted into the lower punch insertion hole for outer shape processing of the movable stripper for outer shape processing. When the outer shape semi-shearing process is performed by lowering the outer shape processing upper die, the tip end portion of the outer shape processing lower punch portion does not protrude from the upper surface of the outer shape processing movable stripper. The tip portion of the lower punch unit, shearing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that projecting from the upper surface of the outer shape movable stripper. A shearing method using the shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A semi-shearing step of forming a concave portion on the lower surface of the workpiece at the lower punch portion of the semi-sheared portion and forming a convex portion on the upper surface of the workpiece at the molding concave portion;
The workpiece that has been semi-sheared in the semi-shearing process is transferred onto the die of the push-back recovery unit, and the convex portion is pushed downward by the flat plate tool and the eject pin, and the peripheral portion of the convex portion. Separating and recovering the projecting portion separated from the workpiece by cutting along the contour and dropping the recovery portion into the recovery hole with the eject pin and recovering the convex portion;
A shearing method characterized by comprising: A shearing method using the shearing device according to any one of claims 4 to 6,
A semi-shearing step of forming a concave portion on the lower surface of the workpiece at the lower punch portion of the semi-sheared portion and forming a convex portion on the upper surface of the workpiece at the molding concave portion;
The workpiece that has been semi-sheared in the semi-shearing process is transferred onto the die of the push-back recovery unit, and the convex portion is pushed downward by the flat plate tool and the eject pin, and the peripheral portion of the convex portion. Separating and recovering the projecting portion separated from the workpiece by cutting along the contour and dropping the recovery portion into the recovery hole with the eject pin and recovering the convex portion;
The workpiece in which the hole has been formed in the separation and recovery step is transferred onto the outer die for lowering of the outer shape semi-shearing portion, and an outer shape recess is formed on the lower surface of the workpiece by the lower punch portion for outer shape processing. And an external half-shearing step of forming an external convex part on the upper surface of the workpiece at the molding concave part,
The workpiece subjected to the outer half-shearing process in the outer half-shearing step is transferred onto the flat die of the flat punching portion, and the outer convex portion is flattened with the flat tool to form the outer convex portion. A flat punching process for holding the outer shape convex portion separated from the work by shearing a peripheral edge along a contour, on the work;
The outer shape convex portion separated in the flat punching process is transferred together with the workpiece onto the outer shape extraction die of the drop-out collecting portion, and the outer shape convex portion is removed from the workpiece with the removal tool. A drop-off recovery process that drops the recovery hole and recovers it,
A shearing method characterized by comprising:

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