JP2012107743A - Bearing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve rotation followability in a vertical face while effectively supporting a perpendicular downward load by reducing the size, and regulating displacement by supporting a large horizontal load.SOLUTION: The bearing unit has an upper shoe 42, a lower shoe 43, a core material 44 fixed to the lower shoe 43, and a first elastic body 48 and a second elastic body 49 which are arranged between the upper shoe 42 and the lower shoe 43 so as to function as a parallel spring. The first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 are arranged to partly overlap each other in the thickness direction at different levels. The core material 44 can regulate the relative displacement of the upper shoe 42 and the lower shoe 43 within a predetermined limit even if a horizontal shearing force acts. The core material 44 is retained by the support part 53 around the hole part 52 of the upper shoe 42 not to separate the upper shoe 42 from the lower shoe 43 even if a power raising the upper shoe 42 acts.

Description

  The present invention relates to a support device for supporting various structures such as buildings and bridges.

  Originally, bearing devices for structures such as buildings and bridges are roughly divided into horizontal load support functions for supporting horizontal loads, vertical load support functions for supporting vertical loads, and rotational loads in the vertical plane. A vertical rotation support function and the like are required. In particular, since a large earthquake occurred in 1995, a rubber bearing device having rubber as a main component has been required for a bridge bearing device. Among them, a laminated rubber bearing device having a vertical load supporting performance and a high horizontal force dispersion performance is widely used.

  This laminated rubber bearing device is configured, for example, as described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-181129), in which rubber plates and iron plates are alternately laminated, and these are bonded to each other by vulcanization bonding. The upper part is fixed to an upper structure such as a bridge girder of a bridge, and the lower part is fixed and installed to a lower structure such as a bridge pier.

  However, since the laminated rubber bearing device adopts a laminated structure, the required thickness is necessarily increased and bulky, and it is necessary to increase the area to support a high load. For Ohashi, there is a drawback of increasing the size. Therefore, when the size of the support device is increased due to performance requirements, the area of the upper surface of the pier or abutment, which is a substructure, is required to be larger, and the cost of the entire bridge is increased. There is.

  In addition, when a large bearing device is required and it is not newly installed, the size of the bearing device is particularly problematic because the installation space is limited because the existing bearing device is installed. There was a problem that it could not be replaced unless it was a small bearing device with a small area.

  In recent years, with the increase in the size of structures such as buildings and bridges and the expected increase in the scale of earthquakes, the functions and performance required for bearing devices have also become more sophisticated, and we have tried to support them with laminated rubber bearings. In this case, it is inevitable that the size will increase.

  From such a background, for example, Patent Document 2 (Patent No. 4377429) describes an improvement in the problem of the laminated rubber bearing device, which is an increase in size due to the improvement in vertical high load support performance as described above. An elastic bearing device as a function-separated fixed bearing has been proposed.

  This elastic bearing device does not have the horizontal force distribution function that the laminated rubber bearing device has, but this function is provided to another bearing device to enhance the vertical load support function, and an annular groove is formed on the lower surface. The upper plate and the lower plate having an annular groove formed on the upper surface are disposed opposite to each other via an elastic layer that is fixed to the annular groove with no gap therebetween, and is provided at the center of the upper plate and the lower plate. A core-like protrusion that restrains shear deformation is disposed in the through hole.

  The elastic bearing device configured as described above has an elastic layer that is not thick, and there is no steel plate layer that is alternately laminated with the elastic layer. The height is low and it is set to be compact as a whole, and it has been proposed as a solution to the problem of increasing the size of the bearing device.

  Further, the elastic bearing device disclosed in Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-337002) does not have the horizontal force distribution function of the laminated rubber bearing device, but improves the vertical load support function while maintaining the horizontal load support function. In this case, the upper rod and the lower rod each have a convex portion and a concave portion formed of a plurality of concentric cylindrical portions that fit into each other and a columnar portion located at the center. And in the diameter vertical cross-sectional view of the fitted state, these convex portions and concave portions that are fitted to each other have a rectangular cross section, and rubber or the like between the adjacent side surfaces and the bottom surface and the top surface facing each other. The uniform elastic body is filled substantially without any gap, and the continuous rubber layer is sandwiched and joined.

  In the elastic support device as described above configured as above, the horizontal load support portion is configured by the side surfaces of the convex portions adjacent to each other, the side surfaces of the concave portions, and the rubber layer therebetween, and the top surface of the convex portion and the concave portion. A vertical load support portion is constituted by the bottom surface of the rubber and the rubber layer between them.

  Also, the bearing device described in Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-46944) is similar to the elastic bearing device of Patent Document 3, and has a multi-cylindrical configuration in which the upper collar and the lower collar are fitted to each other. The cylindrical part and the columnar part constituting each convex part and concave part in the upper and lower heels are narrowed as the distance between both side surfaces in the vertical cross-sectional shape approaches the top surface forming the end face, The two side surfaces are formed in a trapezoidal cross section and are fitted to each other. And between these recessed parts and convex parts, uniform elastic bodies, such as rubber | gum, are filled up substantially without gap.

  In such an elastic bearing device described in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the bearing device is reduced in size and weight, and the support performance of the vertical load and the horizontal load is improved.

JP 2002-181129 A Japanese Patent No. 4377429 JP 2005-337002 A JP 2009-46944 A

  By the way, in the case of an elastic bearing device using an elastic body such as a rubber including a laminated rubber bearing device, especially in the case of a bridge bearing device, unlike a steel bearing device, the bridge shaft has a vertical flexibility performance. The rotation in the vertical plane in the perpendicular direction is not achieved by the rotational performance, but is achieved by the vertical flexibility, and the rotation in the vertical plane in the bridge axis direction is performed by the compressive deflection in the vertical direction.

  In order to improve the compression deflection performance, that is, the vertical flexibility performance, it is necessary to improve the vertical elasticity, but when trying to improve this, there is a trade-off that the vertical load support performance is lowered. Furthermore, according to the Handbook for Road Bridges, in rubber bearings, shear deformation is allowed, but tensile force is not allowed to act on the component rubber. Therefore, in the laminated rubber bearing device, it has been difficult to provide rotational performance in the vertical plane. However, in the elastic bearing device of Patent Document 2, the thickness of the elastic layer is thin, the vertical flexibility is low, and the compression deflection is hardly taken. None of the vertical rotation performance with respect to can be obtained.

  Further, according to the elastic bearing device described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 described above, the function-separated fixed bearing device is horizontal without increasing the size of the bearing device by increasing the area or increasing the thickness. The load supporting performance in the direction and the vertical direction can be improved.

  However, for example, when the elastic bearing device is disposed between the bridge girder and the pier of the bridge and load transmission or load relaxation between them is performed, when an uplift force or the like acts on the bridge girder, There is a risk that the upper eaves and the lower eaves will be easily separated, and the elastic bearing device itself may be damaged or dropped.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel support device that can support a high load with a small area.

  In addition, the present invention is compact and effectively supports a large vertical downward load, and supports a large horizontal load while limiting displacement and improving the rotation following performance in the vertical plane. An object is to provide a bearing device that can be used.

  The bearing device according to the present invention includes a first elastic body and a second elastic body that are arranged in a stepwise manner with respect to the thickness direction, and the first elastic body and the second elastic body are parallel to each other. It is configured as a spring and has an overlapping portion in the thickness direction view. The support device includes a first rigid body having a first arrangement portion on which the first elastic body is arranged and a second arrangement portion on which the second elastic body is arranged. The second arrangement portion can be provided in the same direction as the first arrangement portion in the thickness direction view. Further, the support device includes a first setting portion on which a surface opposite to a surface on which the first disposition portion of the first elastic body is disposed, and the second disposition of the second elastic body. A second rigid body having a second setting portion on which the opposite surface is set. The second setting portion can be provided in the same direction as the first setting portion in the thickness direction view.

  Here, for example, the second rigid body is provided with a space portion therein, and a hole portion communicating with the space portion is formed on a surface opposite to the support surface through the space portion, The rigid body is integrally formed with a core member into which the tip portion is inserted into the space portion from the hole portion, and is disposed to face the surface of the second rigid body on which the hole portion is formed. The first elastic body is disposed in the first disposition portion between the tip portion of the core member in the space portion and the ceiling surface of the space portion, and around the hole portion of the second rigid body. It is prevented from coming off from the space part by the support part formed in the. The second elastic body is disposed in the second disposition portion between the first rigid body and the second rigid body. And said 1st elastic body and said 2nd elastic body are arrange | positioned so that it may have a site | part which partially overlaps in the thickness direction. Specifically, the front end surface of the core material constituting the first rigid body serves as a first arrangement portion, and is stepped with respect to the front end surface of the core material facing the second rigid body of the first rigid body. The surface set in (2) is the second arrangement portion. Moreover, the ceiling surface of the space part provided in the second rigid body and the space in the vicinity thereof become the first setting part, and the surface of the second rigid body facing the first rigid body becomes the second setting part. .

  The first setting portion of the second rigid body in which the first elastic body is disposed may be a substantially sealed space including a surface that contacts or can contact the first elastic body. . Further, the first elastic body and the second elastic body can be arranged substantially in parallel. Furthermore, in the space portion, the first elastic body can be brought into close contact with the ceiling surface of the second rigid body in whole or in part.

  The second rigid body can be composed of a flange member that houses the first elastic body, and an intermediate member that is abutted against the flange member to form the space portion and the support portion is formed. The first rigid body may be provided with a large-diameter portion to which the first elastic body is attached to the core material of the first rigid body.

  The first elastic body and the second elastic body may be integral or separate.

  In the space portion, a gap portion where the first elastic body is not provided can be provided between the inner surface of the second rigid body and the first elastic body. The void can be filled with a filler. The filler may be the same type or a different type of elastic body from the first elastic body, and may be an incompressible fluid, for example.

  A sliding member can be provided on the lower surface or the upper surface of the first rigid body or the second rigid body.

  In the support device, the first rigid body can be a lower collar fixed to the lower structure, and the second rigid body can be an upper collar fixed to the upper structure. On the contrary, the second rigid body can be a lower collar fixed to the lower structure, and the first rigid body can be an upper collar fixed to the upper structure.

  For example, the upper structure can be a bridge girder and the lower structure can be a pier or an abutment.

  In the support device according to the present invention, the first elastic body and the second elastic body functioning as parallel springs are disposed, the heights thereof are different, and the first elastic body and the second elastic body are at least one in a plan view. Since the parts are arranged in multiple stages so as to overlap each other, it is possible to support a high load with a small bearing area while realizing downsizing as a whole. Further, even if a relative rotational displacement force acts on the first rigid body and the second rigid body due to the swinging of the upper structure, an excellent rotation follow-up performance can be exhibited. Furthermore, since the core material of the first rigid body is inserted into the space from the hole portion of the second rigid body, the first rigid body can be applied even if a horizontal shearing force perpendicular to the axial direction of the core material acts. And the relative displacement of the second rigid body can be limited within a predetermined range. Furthermore, since the core material of the first rigid body is retained by the support portion around the hole of the second rigid body, the second rigidity is supported while supporting a large load and obtaining good rotational followability. It is possible to prevent the first rigid body and the second rigid body from separating even when a force that lifts the body is applied.

  Further, the first elastic body is disposed in a substantially sealed space, so that the first elastic body is in a substantially sealed rubber support state and can support a high load with a small support area.

  Further, when the first elastic body and the second elastic body are integrated, the first elastic body and the second elastic body inserted between the first rigid body and the second rigid body simultaneously. It can also be formed. Further, when there is an input from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the core material of the first rigid body, the portion connecting the first elastic body and the second elastic body, that is, the side portion of the core material is surrounded. Thus, a portion positioned so as to buffer the input in the direction can be buffered.

  Further, in the space portion, when the gap portion where the first elastic body is not provided is provided between the inner surface of the second rigid body and the first elastic body, the first elastic body is deformed by receiving a load. In this case, it is possible to enter the gap, and the allowable deformation amount of the first elastic body can be increased. When this gap is filled with a filler, the spring constant and height of the support device, load support performance, load damping performance, rotation in the vertical plane are set by setting the filling amount, filling position, filling space shape, etc. Various functions and performance such as following performance can be adjusted.

  When the sliding member is fixed to the lower surface or the upper surface of the first rigid body or the second rigid body, the first rigid body or the second rigid body can be slid, and the fixed bearing can be moved to the movable bearing. It becomes possible to use as.

It is a figure of the support apparatus to which this invention was applied, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus to which this invention which has a through-hole with which the bottom part curved was applied. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus with which this invention comprised that a core material is comprised with a shaft body and a nut body. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus with which this invention which has a space | gap part around a core material was applied. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the support apparatus to which this invention which has a space | gap part around a core material was applied. The lower surface of the upper collar is an inclined surface where the thickness of the upper collar decreases from the approximate center outward, and the upper surface of the lower collar is the inclined surface where the thickness of the lower collar decreases from the approximate center outward. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus with which this invention applied was applied. The lower surface of the upper collar is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar increases from the approximate center toward the outside, and the upper surface of the lower collar is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the lower collar increases from the approximate center toward the outside. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus with which this invention applied was applied. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus with which this invention which has a space | gap part in a through-hole was applied. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus with which this invention which has a sliding board on the upper surface of an upper collar was applied. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the support apparatus to which this invention which has a sliding board on the lower surface of a lower rod was applied. It is a figure of the further support apparatus with which this invention was applied, (a) is plane sectional drawing, (b) is BB 'sectional drawing, (b) is vertical surface sectional drawing, (A) of A It is -A 'sectional drawing. The present invention is applied in which the convex portion has an inclined surface facing the upper heel side on a part of the surface, and the wall portion constituting the concave portion has an inclined surface facing the lower heel side on a part of the surface. It is sectional drawing of a support apparatus. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention provided with the several recessed part formed in the upper surface of a convex part, and the several convex part suspended from the ceiling of a recessed part was applied. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention provided with the single recessed part formed in the upper surface of a convex part, and the single convex part suspended from the ceiling of a recessed part was applied. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention to which a rubber layer becomes thick toward the outward from the center was applied. It is sectional drawing of the further bearing apparatus with which this invention to which a rubber layer becomes thin toward the outward from the center was applied. Sectional view of a further bearing device to which the present invention is applied, in which the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion is approximately T-shaped with the top portion enlarged, and the cross-sectional shape of the wall portion is substantially L-shaped or inverted L-shaped with the bottom enlarged It is. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention to which the planar view shape of a lower collar, an upper collar, and a convex part is a rectangle was applied. It is a figure of the further support apparatus to which this invention with which the convex part and the recessed part were provided cyclically | annularly was applied, (a) is a plane sectional view, (b) DD 'sectional drawing, (b) It is a vertical plane sectional view and is a CC ′ sectional view of (a). It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention which has a space | gap part between a lower rod and an upper rod was applied. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention which has the thin part which functions as a weak part in a lower collar is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the modification of the further support apparatus to which this invention which has the thin part which functions as a weak part on the upper collar was applied. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention which has a sliding board on the upper surface of an upper collar was applied. It is sectional drawing of the further support apparatus with which this invention which has a sliding board on the lower surface of a lower rod was applied. It is sectional drawing of the vertical surface of the support apparatus which showed the basic idea of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the vertical surface of the further support apparatus with which this invention was applied. It is sectional drawing of the vertical surface of the support apparatus which has a space | gap part. It is sectional drawing of the vertical surface which flips a support apparatus up and down and uses a lower collar as an upper collar and an upper collar as a lower collar.

  Hereinafter, a support device to which the present invention is applied will be described. A bearing device according to the present invention is a bearing device for bearing a structure such as a building or a bridge, and includes a first elastic body and a second elastic body that are arranged in a stepped manner with respect to the thickness direction. . In this support device, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are configured as parallel springs, and have a portion that overlaps when viewed in the thickness direction. More specifically, the support device includes a first rigid body disposed on one of the two structures positioned with a gap between each other, and the other facing the first rigid body. A second rigid body disposed on the structure side, and the first elastic body and the second elastic body are interposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body.

  Here, for example, one of the above-described structures is a lower structure, and the other structure is an upper structure. The support device of the present invention includes a bridge girder as an upper structure and a pier or abutment as a lower structure. Used in between. In this case, the bearing device supports various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load, and at the same time performs a load transmission while swinging, vibrating, or stressing due to an earthquake or wind, or a dynamic or static traffic load. It is supported while absorbing and dispersing. Hereinafter, the embodiment of the support device of the present invention will be described by using an example in which it is disposed between the upper structure and the lower structure.

  The bearing device of the present invention includes at least a lower arm as a first rigid body fixed directly or indirectly to the lower structure and a second rigid body fixed directly or indirectly to the upper structure. An upper collar and a core material provided integrally with the lower collar are provided. And a 1st elastic body is arrange | positioned between the front-end | tip part of a core material, and the upper collar inner surface, and a 2nd elastic body is arrange | positioned between an upper collar and a lower collar. Therefore, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are configured as parallel springs. Furthermore, a space part is provided in the upper collar, and a hole part communicating with the space part is formed on a surface opposite to the support surface fixed to the upper structure.

  Furthermore, the upper collar has a first setting portion in which the first elastic body is disposed and a second setting portion in which the second elastic body is disposed. The first setting portion on which the first elastic body is disposed is, for example, in the space portion of the upper collar, above the distal end portion of the core member provided in the lower collar inserted into the space portion from the hole portion of the upper collar. This is the ceiling of the space. The second setting portion is, for example, an upper heel side support surface in a space portion between the upper heel support portion and the lower heel.

  The first elastic body is formed at least partially larger than the diameter of the hole, and is prevented from coming off by engaging with a support portion that functions as a lifting prevention means formed around the hole portion of the upper collar. .

  In the lower collar, the core material is integrally provided, the tip portion of the core material is the first arrangement portion where the first elastic body is provided, and the surface facing the support portion of the upper collar is provided with the second elastic body. It becomes a 2nd arrangement | positioning part. Thus, the lower arm becomes a member that receives the entire load via the first elastic body and the second elastic body. The first elastic body and the second elastic body, which are disposed so as to partially overlap in the thickness direction, function as a multistage parallel spring. Specifically, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are arranged so that the inner side surface of the second elastic body is positioned inside the outer side surface of the first elastic body. That is, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are arranged so that at least a part thereof overlaps in plan view. For example, the first setting portion where the first elastic body of the upper collar is disposed and the second setting portion where the second elastic body is disposed are provided in the same direction, and the first placement section of the lower collar And the second arrangement portion are also provided in the same direction. Thereby, for example, the first elastic body and the second elastic body can be disposed substantially in parallel, for example.

  In the bearing device as described above, the first elastic body and the second elastic body are arranged so as to have a part that overlaps in a stepwise manner in the thickness direction, and function as a parallel spring. It is possible to support a high load with a small bearing area. Further, for example, even when a relative rotational displacement force acts on the upper and lower eyelids due to the swinging of the upper structure, excellent rotational follow-up performance can be exhibited, such as attenuation of the rotational force. Further, since the core material provided on the lower collar is inserted into the space from the hole of the upper collar and the first elastic body is disposed at the tip, horizontal shearing perpendicular to the axial direction of the core is performed. Even if a force acts, it is possible to limit the relative displacement between the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid within a predetermined range. Furthermore, the core material of the lower collar is provided with a large-diameter portion that is set to have a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the base end portion and larger than the hole diameter of the hole portion of the upper collar. Since it is prevented from coming off by the support part around the hole part of the heel, the upper heel and the lower heel diverge even when a force that lifts the upper heel acts, while obtaining good rotation followability This can be prevented.

  The upper hook fixing means for the upper structure may be directly fixed to the upper structure using fastening means such as bolts and nuts, or a plate shape having a larger area than the upper hook. The upper collar can be indirectly fixed to the upper structure via an upper fixing means such as an upper plate, or can be fixed by an appropriate method. Further, it is also preferable that a sliding member is disposed on the upper part of the upper collar so that the upper structure and the support device can be fixed relative to each other. As the sliding member, for example, a plate having a low friction coefficient surface such as fluorocarbon resin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is fixed to the upper surface of the upper collar, or the upper structure or the upper structure. It can be configured by being fixed to the lower surface on the side of the attachment means fixed to the body.

  The upper arm is preferably made of steel, such as metal, ceramics, or reinforced resin such as hard resin or FRP, but is not necessarily limited to rigid material. Elastic material, rigid material and elastic material It can comprise by the material comprised by a combination. The upper surface composed of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view. Alternatively, it is advantageous in terms of construction and replacement. In addition, an upper surface can be comprised so that an outer surface may be entirely covered with coating layers, such as an elastic body, and a weather resistance and a rust prevention effect may be acquired.

  In addition, a hole that communicates with a space that accommodates the tip of the core member is formed in the upper collar. The core material is positioned in the space portion above the hole and is fixed to the lower rod so that the first elastic body is positioned in the space portion. The tip of the core material may be a larger diameter portion than the base side so that the first elastic body can be stably disposed. And the core material in which the 1st elastic body was arrange | positioned at the front-end | tip part is prevented by the support part around the hole part of an upper collar. The tip portion or the large-diameter portion of the core material is a first elastic body disposition surface, and serves as a first disposition portion that receives a load via the first elastic body. The size of the large-diameter portion of the first elastic body or the core material is set to be at least partially larger than the hole portion, and the retaining is realized. The shape of the hole may be a cylindrical shape, but may be a polygon or the like. Moreover, a hole is good also as a shape matched with the shape of the large diameter part of a 1st elastic body or a core material. For example, when the shape of the distal end portion of the core material is a curved shape constricted from the first elastic body side, the opening end of the hole portion is preferably a concave receiving surface having a curved surface corresponding thereto.

  Further, the lower surface opposite to the bearing surface of the upper collar is provided with a concave surface provided on the lower surface side and / or a convex surface projecting toward the opposite lower collar, or a rough surface. Or a curved surface, a tapered surface, or a composite surface thereof. Further, the lower surface of the upper collar, that is, the surface facing the upper surface of the lower collar of the support portion is an inclined surface that is set so that the thickness of the upper collar decreases from the approximate center of the lower surface of the upper collar to the outside. Or it can be set as the inclined surface set so that the thickness of the upper collar may become thick from the approximate center toward the outside. For example, while the lower surface of the upper collar is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar becomes thinner from the approximate center to the outside, the upper face of the lower collar is thinned from the approximate center to the outside. When the bearing device is configured in combination with the lower heel having the inclined surface, an expanded space is created between the upper heel and the lower heel so as to be separated radially outward from the center. Therefore, when the second elastic body is disposed so as to fill this space, a support device in which the elastic layer becomes thicker from the center toward the outside can be obtained. On the contrary, while the lower surface of the upper collar is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar increases from the approximate center toward the outside, the upper surface of the lower collar is configured so that the thickness of the lower collar extends outward from the approximate center. When the bearing device is configured in combination with a thicker lower heel, a constricted space is created between the upper heel and the lower heel that approaches from the center toward the outside in the radial direction. Therefore, when the second elastic body is disposed so as to fill this space, it is possible to obtain a support device in which the elastic layer becomes thinner from the center toward the outside.

  For example, the upper rod is a butt member that accommodates the first elastic body and an intermediate member that is formed with a support portion so as to be stacked and bonded to each other, thereby forming a space portion in which the first elastic body is accommodated. Can be configured.

  As for the fixing means of the lower arm to the lower structure, the lower arm may be directly fixed to the lower structure using fastening means such as bolts and nuts, or a plate shape having a larger area than the lower arm. It is also possible to indirectly fix the lower rod to the lower structure through lower fixing means such as a lower plate. Further, it is preferable that a sliding member is disposed at the lower part of the lower rod so that the lower structure and the support device are fixed so as to be relatively displaceable. As the sliding member, for example, a plate having a surface with a low coefficient of friction such as PTFE is fixed to the lower surface of the lower collar, or the upper surface on the attachment means side fixed to the lower structure or the lower structure. It is possible to fix to. The direct or indirect fixing of the upper and lower rods is preferably a detachable method, and fastening with bolts, nuts, etc. is an example.

  The lower arm is preferably made of a steel material such as metal, ceramics, or a reinforced resin such as hard resin or FRP, but is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can be composed of a material composed of a combination of a material and an elastic material. The lower surface composed of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view. Alternatively, it is advantageous in terms of construction and replacement. Of course, the planar shape of the lower eyelid does not necessarily match the upper eyelid, but the size of each part and the shape and position of the protrusions and recesses need to match the settings of the lower eyelid and the upper eyelid. There is. In addition, the lower arm can be constructed so that the outer surface is entirely covered with a coating layer such as an elastic body to obtain weather resistance and rust prevention effect.

  Of course, the upper surface serving as the second disposition portion of the lower arm can be a flat surface, or provided with a concave portion that is recessed from the upper surface side and / or a convex portion that protrudes toward the opposite base, It can be a surface, a curved surface, a tapered surface, or a composite surface thereof. In particular, an inclined surface that is set so that the thickness of the lower eyelid decreases from the approximate center of the upper surface of the lower eyelid outward, or the thickness of the lower eyelid increases from the approximate center outward. It can be set as an inclined surface.

  The core member is a rod-shaped member that is disposed in a space portion in the upper collar where the lower end side is fixed to the lower collar and the tip is continuous with the hole. This core material has a function of suppressing the shear deformation of the elastic body disposed between the upper and lower collars, and the vertical load from the upper structure is elasticized via the first elastic body and the second elastic body. Function to support the upper body, the function to prevent the upper and lower armatures from deviating against the lifting force, and the role of the piston to increase the bearing pressure by restraining the first elastic body in a substantially sealed state. Play any one or more. The core material is preferably made of metal, ceramics, or a steel material such as hard resin or reinforced resin such as FRP. However, the core material is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can comprise by the material comprised by a combination.

  The cross-sectional shape of the core material made of an appropriate material is not particularly limited, but can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape. . Moreover, it is also possible to set the total cross-sectional area of the minimum diameter part of all the core materials to be set to 50% or more of the bearing area on one side of the bearing device. Further, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the core material is not particularly limited, but can be set to a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially trapezoidal shape, or a shape in which at least one of the upper part and the lower part is large and the middle is thin. The core material can be configured so as to obtain weather resistance and rust prevention effect by covering the entire outer surface with a coating layer such as an elastic body.

  The core material may be a large diameter portion whose distal end is set to have a larger diameter than the proximal end portion, and this may be the first disposing portion. In addition, by using a bolt member as a core material, the head of the bolt can be used as the large diameter portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a shaft body having a male threaded portion at the tip, and a nut body having a female threaded portion for screwing into the shaft body and serving as the large-diameter portion. It can also consist of Further, the core material is preferably fixed by screwing the lower end to the lower collar because high bonding strength can be obtained by a simple operation, but is not limited thereto, and is not limited to press-fitting or welding. You may make it fix with respect to a lower eyelid using etc. Or you may form integrally with a lower arm.

  In the space part of the upper collar, the first elastic body uses the tip of the core part of the lower collar or the large diameter part of the core part as the first arrangement part, and the ceiling surface of the space part of the upper collar is set first. A predetermined amount is arranged as a part. In addition, the second elastic body has the upper surface around the core facing the support part of the upper collar of the lower collar as the second arrangement part, and the lower surface around the hole of the upper collar as the second setting part. A fixed amount is arranged. The first elastic body and the second elastic body can adjust the vertical load support performance, the horizontal load support performance, and the vertical rotation performance according to the arrangement site and the arrangement amount. Of course, the load support performance and the rotation follow-up property can be set also by the material employed as the first elastic body or the second elastic body. In particular, when the first elastic body is in a substantially sealed state in the space portion, the first elastic body is in a substantially sealed rubber support state, and a high load can be supported with a small support area. Further, the first elastic body and the second elastic body may be the same material or different materials. The vertical load support performance, the horizontal load support performance, and the vertical rotation performance can also be adjusted by selecting the material of the first elastic body and the second elastic body. Further, the first elastic body and the second elastic body may have the same thickness or different thicknesses. Furthermore, the thickness of each of the first elastic body and the second elastic body is not necessarily uniform.

  Further, the first elastic body and the second elastic body may be separate but may be integrated. Accordingly, it is possible to simultaneously form the first elastic body and the second elastic body that are inserted between the upper collar and the lower collar.

  Natural elastomers, synthetic rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers and thermosetting elastomers can be used as the main constituent material of the first elastic body and the second elastic body. Among these, natural rubber is used as the main component. It is preferable. Specific elastomer components include, for example, natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber ( IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (brominated, chlorinated, etc.), acrylic rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluorinated rubber, polysulfide rubber, hyperon, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene series Elastomer, urethane elastomer, polyolefin elastomer, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), epoxidized natural rubber, trans-polyisoprene, norbornene Ring polymer (polynorbornene), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), high styrene resins, rubber alone such as isoprene rubber, or may be used in combination of two or more.

  In the space portion, at least a part of the first elastic body can be brought into close contact with the inner surface of the space portion between the inner surface of the space portion of the upper collar and the first elastic body. Moreover, the space | gap part in which the 1st elastic body is not provided can also be provided between the inner surface of the space part of an upper collar, and a 1st elastic body. The void portion can be formed by providing the first elastic body slightly smaller than the space portion in the upper collar, and can also be formed by providing notches on the inner surface of the first elastic body and / or the space portion. I can do it. In the case where the first elastic body has a gap between the upper collar and the lower collar, the first elastic body can enter the gap when the first elastic body is deformed by receiving a load. The allowable deformation amount of the elastic body can be increased. That is, the spring constant can be adjusted by providing the gap.

  Furthermore, the gap can be filled with a filler. Various functions such as the spring constant and height of the bearing device, load support performance, load damping performance, rotation follow-up performance in the vertical plane, etc., depending on the setting of the constituent material, filling amount, filling position, filling space shape, etc. And performance can be adjusted.

  The filler is appropriately filled in the above-mentioned void portion, and the filling amount may be a smaller amount, an equal amount or a larger amount than the volume of the void portion. In the case of a small amount, there is room for compression or deformation corresponding to the remaining gap, and the thickness of the bearing device can be set thin, and in the case of equal amounts, there is no remaining volume and the thickness of the bearing device as originally designed is reduced. If it can be realized, and if the amount is large, the volume of the filling space can be increased from the original design value and the thickness of the support device can be set thick. In the support device, the thickness or height of the support device can be adjusted by the filling amount of the filler.

  The filler is preferably a fluid at least during filling. Of course, it may be a fluid after filling. Among the fillers that are fluids at the time of filling, for example, those that are fluids at the time of filling but solidify after an appropriate amount of time can be employed. Moreover, the kind of filler with which one space part is filled may be one kind or plural kinds. For example, the filler may be solidified as an appropriate elastic modulus is obtained by filling an appropriate amount of a two-component curable fluid and curing, and of course, the two components are mixed in advance. Can also be filled. In addition, as a filler, solid or particles are mixed in the fluid to improve the attenuation performance of the external input to the support device, or gas is mixed to improve or adjust the spring constant and elasticity. Also good.

  The filler can be composed of one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid, and gel. When gas is used as the main component of the filler, the gas is unsuitable for high load support due to its large compressibility, but when supporting a relatively low load, it acts like an air spring, for example. It is also possible to fill under pressure. Also, the filler can be cured like a foam by being filled and placed with a fluid containing bubbles like discontinuous bubbles. In addition, for example, when a liquid or a slurry or gel-like non-curable fluid is used as the main component of the filler, it is possible to support the load while freely supporting the deformation of the gap. It is also possible to select an antifreeze fluid that does not freeze even at low temperatures such as in cold regions.

  An incompressible fluid can be used as the filler, and when an incompressible fluid is used as the filler, a high load is supported while freely adapting to deformation of the filling space. It becomes possible.

  It is also possible to use a highly viscous fluid as the filler. When the first elastic body is deformed when it is filled with a liquid or slurry or gel-like non-curable and highly viscous filler. Therefore, it can be expected that the highly viscous filler in the gap part attenuates the deformation energy by viscous resistance. Of course, when a highly viscous fluid having incompressibility is employed, the effect obtained when an incompressible fluid is used as a filler, and the effect obtained when a highly viscous fluid is employed as a filler. Both effects can be obtained.

  Alternatively, as the filler, it is possible to employ an elastic body different from or the same type as the first elastic body or the second elastic body interposed between the upper and lower eyelids. Of course, in order for the filler to become an elastic body, it is necessary to exhibit fluidity at the time of filling. For example, when the elastic body exhibits thermoplasticity, in order to use it as a filler, the elastic body is appropriately heated to a temperature and filled while being allowed to flow. Further, for example, when the elastic body exhibits thermosetting property, it is filled when it is in a flowable state before being cured, and is cured under appropriate conditions.

  The filling of the filler may be performed in advance or may be performed after manufacture. In the case of filling the filler in advance, the filling of the filler is performed in accordance with the design in advance and in accordance with the procedure before the production stage or before shipment, which can increase the production efficiency. I can do it. Further, when filling the filler later, the filling of the filler can be performed after shipment, for example, at the construction site while adjusting according to the size of the construction space or the like. According to this, the problem that the fine adjustment in the conventional construction was difficult can be solved.

  The bearing device of the present invention as described above can be attached to and detached from a bridge girder as an upper structure, a bridge pier as a lower structure, or a receiving structure provided on an abutment, and can be easily replaced. In this case, for example, the upper and lower eyelids and two elastic bodies (first elastic body and second elastic body) are handled as one cartridge. The receiving structure is formed, for example, in a U-shape in which one of the cartridge-type support devices is opened for insertion / removal. For example, the receiving structure can be positioned and held in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by forming an L-shaped cross section. .

  Embodiments of the support device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a first embodiment of the bearing device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  1 is mounted between a bridge girder 16 and a pier or an abutment 17 to support various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load, as well as earthquakes, winds, and dynamics. Alternatively, it is a bridge support device that supports and absorbs and disperses rocking, vibration, and stress due to static traffic loads. FIG. 1A is a plan view of the support device 1. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG.

  The support device 1 includes an upper collar 2 as a second rigid body and a lower collar 3 as a first rigid body, and a rubber layer 4 as a second elastic body composed of an elastic body, specifically rubber or the like. And are fitted so as to allow relative displacement in the vertical direction. For example, a bridge girder 16 as an upper structure is fixed to the upper face 2 via an upper plate 6 indicated by a two-dot chain line. For example, the lower bridge 3 fixes a pier 17 as a lower structure to the lower surface via a lower plate 7 indicated by a two-dot chain line. Of course, the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7 here are not indispensable, and the upper plate 2 and the upper plate 6 are formed integrally, or the lower plate 3 and the lower plate 7 are formed integrally, A configuration and a function corresponding to each of the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 may be provided.

  The upper collar 2 is made of a substantially rectangular plate member in plan view, and the upper plate 6 is fixed to the upper surface. As shown in FIG. 1B in particular, the upper collar 2 is provided with a through hole 2a serving as a hole penetrating the front and back surfaces. The core member 8 is inserted into the through hole 2 a from the lower surface side of the upper collar 2, and the tip portion of the core material 8 is accommodated without protruding from the upper surface of the upper collar 2. That is, the core material 8 passes through the opening end 2b located on the lower surface of the upper collar 2 among the two opening ends of the through hole 2a, and the core is located on the opening end 2c located on the upper surface of the upper collar 2. The material 8 has not passed. In the region extending over the open ends 2b-2c, a filling elastic body 9 which is a first elastic body described later is accommodated. The core material 8 will be described in detail later.

  The shape of the through-hole 2a can be a cylindrical shape, but the tip of the core member 8 in the support device 1 is a large-diameter portion 8a having a larger diameter than other portions of the core member 8. The large-diameter portion 8a adopts a shape in which the opening end 2b through which the core material 8 passes (that is, the opening end 2b located on the lower surface of the upper collar 2) is constricted to prevent the large-diameter portion 8a from coming out of the through hole 2a. . By adopting such a shape that narrows the opening end 2b located on the lower surface of the upper collar 2, the through hole 2a is apparently formed into a bottomed groove shape having a small diameter through hole. The top surface of the bottom 2d of the groove is a flat surface. The periphery of the small-diameter opening end 2b functions as a support portion that prevents the core material from coming off when the opening end 2c has a smaller diameter than the large-diameter portion 8a of the core material 8. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface of the bottom 2d of the groove may be a curved surface that smoothly connects to the side surface of the through hole 2a.

  The lower rod 3 is also a substantially rectangular plate member, and a lower plate 7 is fixed to the lower surface. As shown in FIG. 1, a core material 8 is fixed to the lower collar 3 at the center in a plan view. Note that the lower end of the core material 8 is screwed to the lower collar 3, and thus, the core material 8 can be firmly fixed to the lower collar 3 with a simple operation.

  A rubber layer 4 as a second elastic body is disposed between the lower surface of the upper collar 2 and the upper surface of the lower collar 3. Specifically, the upper surface of the lower rod 3 serves as a second arrangement portion, and the lower surface of the upper rod 2 serves as a second setting portion. The rubber layer 4 as the second elastic body is interposed between the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 and is supported around the core material 8 on the lower surface of the lower collar 3 serving as the second arrangement portion. . The through hole 4a has the same diameter as the through hole 2a of the upper collar 2 and through which the core material 8 passes. The through hole is disposed so as to be coaxial with the through hole 2a of the upper collar 2. . Specifically, the through-hole 4 a of the rubber layer 4 has substantially the same diameter as the small-diameter opening end 2 b in the through-hole 2 a of the upper collar 2 and a smaller diameter than the large-diameter portion 8 a of the core material 8.

  As the material of the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3, an appropriate known material can be adopted, and for example, it can be formed of a known metal plate such as a steel plate, ceramics, plastic including reinforced plastic, or the like. Similarly, the rubber layer 4 can employ a known material such as natural rubber.

  The core member 8 is made of a metallic bolt member having a head portion that becomes the large-diameter portion 8a, and is set to a size that allows the large-diameter portion 8a that is the tip portion to be accommodated inside the through hole 2a of the upper collar 2. ing. The core material 8 is configured to pass through the opening end 2b of the upper collar 2 and reach into the through hole 2a which is a space portion, so that the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 try to move relatively in the horizontal direction. At this time, the movement of the upper collar 2 is restricted by the core member 8 fixed to the lower collar 3. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3 from being relatively displaced in the horizontal direction.

  Moreover, the opening end 2b (opening end 2b through which the core material 8 passes) which is the opening end which the through-hole 2a has and is located in the lower surface of the upper collar 2 has a narrowed shape. The peripheral portion of the open end 2b functions as a support portion that prevents the large-diameter portion 8a of the core member 8 from coming off and is supported by the rubber layer 4 as the second elastic body. By adopting such a configuration, when the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3 try to separate (that is, when the upper rod 2 tries to lift relative to the lower rod 3), the core material 8 The large-diameter portion 8a is locked to the bottom portion 2d (support portion) of the stepped through-hole 2a, and the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 are prevented from separating. That is, in this embodiment, the core material 8 and the through hole 2 a function as the lifting suppression mechanism 10.

  In addition, as shown in FIG.1 (b), the support apparatus 1 totaled the length L1 of the core material 8, and the thickness L2 of the lower collar 3 in the area | region where the said core material 8 is installed seeing from the support direction. The distance coincides with the sum of the thickness L3 of the upper collar 2 and the thickness L4 of the lower collar in a region other than the region where the core member 8 is installed as viewed from the support direction. As a result, the support device 1 is uniform in the thickness of the portion having relatively high rigidity (that is, the thickness of the rigid body), and can exhibit excellent vertical load support characteristics.

  Further, the core material 8 is not constituted by a bolt member, but as shown in FIG. 3, a shaft body 8b having a male thread portion at the tip end and a female screw for screwing the shaft material 8 into the shaft body 8b. It is also possible to configure with a nut body 8c having a portion and a large diameter portion.

  And the support apparatus 1 is provided with the filling elastic body 9 as a 1st elastic body with which it fills and arranges in the through-hole 2a in which the large diameter part 8a of the core material 8 is accommodated. The filling elastic body 9 is provided at the distal end portion of the core material 8 serving as the first arrangement portion, and is disposed in the through hole 2a without a gap. Thereby, the filling elastic body 9 covers the entire tip of the core material 8 and closes the large-diameter open end 2c on the side where the core material 8 does not pass through the open end of the through hole 2a. The filling elastic body 9 covers the entire tip portion of the core material 8 inside the through-hole 2a, so that the entire tip portion of the core material 8 is surrounded by the filling elastic body 9, and the tip portion of the core material 8 is surrounded. Reduces overall rusting. Furthermore, when the filling elastic body 9 closes the open end 2c of the through hole 2a, a substance that causes deterioration of the core material such as moisture enters the through hole 2a from the open end 2c. It is possible to prevent the rusting of the core material 8 more efficiently. Further, since the filling elastic body 9 is filled in the through hole 2a without a gap, even if the substance enters the through hole 2a, the traveling speed is reduced and the core material 8 is reached. Can be delayed.

  The region exposed from the through hole 2 a of the filling elastic body 9 is a flat region that is substantially flush with the surface of the upper collar 2. As a result, the filling elastic body 9 comes into contact with the upper plate 6 together with the surface of the upper collar 2, the pressure receiving area of the load can be increased, and the filling elastic body 9 filled in the through hole 2a Since it is almost in a sealed state, it is in a sealed rubber support state, and it is possible to support a high load with a small support area.

  In the bearing device 1 as described above, the filling elastic body 9 as the first elastic body and the rubber layer 4 as the second elastic body function as a parallel spring, and can support a high load with a small bearing area. It becomes. Further, for example, excellent follow-up performance can be exhibited even if a relative rotational displacement force acts on the upper and lower collars 2 and 3 due to the swinging of the upper structure. Further, the inner side surface of the rubber layer 4 as the second elastic body is located on the inner side from the outer side surface of the filling elastic body 9 as the first elastic body, and here further from the outer side surface of the large-diameter portion 8a of the core member 8. Located inside. In this way, the rubber layer 4 is disposed so as to partially overlap the filling elastic body 9, so that the size of the opposing surface of the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 on which the rubber layer 4 is disposed. The area can be increased to the maximum within the range, and a high load can be supported.

  Furthermore, since the core material 8 is inserted into the space portion on the opening end 2c side from the opening end 2b of the upper collar 2, and the filling elastic body 9 serving as the first elastic body is fixed to the tip portion, the shearing force in the horizontal direction is fixed. It is possible to limit the relative displacement of the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3 within a predetermined range even if acts. Furthermore, since the filling elastic body 9 fixed to the core material 8 is prevented from being detached by the support portion around the opening end 2b of the upper collar 2, it supports a large load and obtains good rotational followability. However, it is possible to prevent the upper heel 2 and the lower heel 3 from separating even when a force that lifts the upper heel 2 is applied.

  Further, in the support device 1, as shown in FIG. 1B, the separation distance L5 from the tip of the core material 8 to the opening end 2c on the side where the core material does not pass is equal to the thickness L6 of the rubber layer 4. . Accordingly, when the filled elastic body 9 is included, the thickness of the elastic body in the bearing direction is made uniform, and excellent vertical load support characteristics can be exhibited.

  Further, in the support device 1, the filling elastic body 9 is integrated with the rubber layer 4 through a gap between the core member 8 and the inner wall surface of the through hole 2 a and is formed of the same material as the rubber layer 4. ing. As a result, the support device 1 can simultaneously form the filling elastic body 9 and the rubber layer 4, and can form the filling elastic body 9 and the rubber layer 4 from a kind of material. It will be excellent in mass productivity.

  In addition, the support apparatus by this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, A various change is possible within the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention. The following modifications will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the above-described embodiment, the filling elastic body 9 is disposed in the through hole 2a without any gap. However, for example, the filling elastic body 9 is disposed only in a part of the through hole 2a, and the remaining portion is the gap portion 9a. It can also be. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the filling elastic body 9 can be disposed only on the upper portion of the core material 8. In this case, it is possible to improve the pressure receiving area while reducing the usage amount of the filling elastic body 9. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the filling elastic body 9 can be disposed only around the core material 8. In this case, rusting of the core material 8 can be suppressed while reducing the amount of the filled elastic body 9 used. In addition, the gap 9a in FIG. 5 enters when the filling elastic body 9 is deformed by receiving a load, so that the allowable deformation amount of the filling elastic body 9 can be increased and the spring constant can be adjusted. It becomes possible.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower surface of the upper collar 2 is formed as an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar 2 becomes thinner from the approximate center to the outside, and the upper surface of the lower collar 3 is removed from the approximate center. It can also be set as the inclined surface where the thickness of the lower collar 3 becomes thin toward the direction. An expanded space is created between the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 so as to be separated radially outward from the center, so that the rubber layer 4 can be thickened outward from the center. The rubber layer 4 has a larger amount of bending as it goes outward, and can improve the rotational performance in the vertical plane.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the support device, the lower surface of the upper rod 2 is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper rod 2 increases from the approximate center to the outside, and the upper surface of the lower rod 3 is It can also be set as the inclined surface where the thickness of the lower collar 3 becomes thicker from the approximate center toward the outside. Between the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3, a contracted space is created that approaches from the center in the radially outward direction, so that the rubber layer 4 can be made thinner from the center toward the outside. The sealing property of the rubber layer 4 can be improved.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 8, the structure which forms the space 11 used as the space | gap part which does not arrange | position the filling elastic body 9 positively inside the through-hole 2a is also employable. And the structure filled with a filler can also be employ | adopted by making this space 11 into a filling space. For example, when pressurized air is filled as the filler, the spring constants of the filling elastic body 9 and the rubber layer 4 can be adjusted by the amount of pressurized air filled.

  As described above, the filler is not limited to pressurized air, but one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid, and gel, an incompressible fluid, a highly viscous fluid, and rubber An elastic body different from or the same kind as the layer 4 can be used, and a non-freezing fluid such as ethylene glycol can also be used.

  Further, when the space 11 is filled with a gas such as air or a fluid such as a filler, it is preferable to seal both ends of the space 11 in a sealed state.

  Further, the filler may be filled before the assembly of the support device 1 or may be filled after the assembly.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, in the support device 1 of the first embodiment, the sliding plate 12 can be fixed as a sliding member on the upper surface of the upper collar 2, and in this case, the fixed support is originally used. The existing support device 1 can be used as a movable support. The sliding plate 12 is made of, for example, PTFE.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a sliding plate 12 can be provided on the lower surface of the lower collar 3 in the support device 1 of the first embodiment. Of course, the setting of the sliding plate 12 is not limited to the support device 1 of the first embodiment, and can be set for a support device having a configuration that does not depart from the gist of the present invention.

  Further, the thickness of the rubber layer 4 is not necessarily constant. For example, an annular recess is formed on the lower surface of the upper collar or the upper surface of the lower collar, and the elastic body is filled with the annular recess. It can also be set.

  Further embodiments of the bearing device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an embodiment of the bearing device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  11 is mounted between a bridge girder 16 and a pier or an abutment 17 to support various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load, as well as earthquakes, winds, and dynamics. Alternatively, it is a bridge support device that supports and absorbs and disperses rocking, vibration, and stress due to static traffic loads. FIG. 11A is a plan sectional view of the support device 21, and is a B-B ′ sectional view of FIG. 11B. Moreover, FIG.11 (b) is a vertical surface sectional drawing, and is A-A 'sectional drawing of Fig.11 (a).

  The support device 21 includes a lower collar 22 as a first rigid body and an upper collar 23 as a second rigid body, which are made of an elastic body, specifically rubber or the like, and are composed of a first elastic body and a second elastic body. It is configured to be fitted so as to allow relative displacement in the vertical direction through a rubber layer 24. The lower surface of the lower rod 22 is fixed to, for example, the pier 17 as a lower structure through a lower plate 25 indicated by a two-dot chain line. The upper surface of the upper bar 23 is fixed to the bridge girder 16 as an upper structure via an upper plate 26 indicated by a two-dot chain line. Of course, the upper plate 25 and the lower plate 26 mentioned here are not essential, and the upper collar 23 and the upper plate 26 are integrally formed, or the lower collar 22 and the lower plate 25 are integrally configured, The upper and lower eyelids 23 and 22 may have corresponding configurations and functions.

  An appropriate known material can be used for the lower collar 22, and it is composed of a substantially circular plate-like member in plan view, for example, composed of a known metal such as a steel plate, ceramics, plastic including reinforced plastic, and the like. A lower plate 25 is fixed to the lower surface. On the upper surface of the lower collar 22, as shown in FIG. 11 (b) in particular, a single convex portion 28 serving as a core material is provided at the center.

  The convex portion 28 has a trapezoidal shape in which the cross-sectional shape gradually increases in width toward the upper end, and as a whole has a substantially inverted conical shape with the top portion cut. As a result of the convex portion 28 having such a shape, the outer side surface 28a having a conical side surface directed toward the lower collar 22 side is provided.

  The upper collar 23 can employ any appropriate known material, and is made of, for example, a known metal such as a steel plate, ceramics, plastic including reinforced plastic, or the like, and has a substantially circular plate-like member in plan view as a whole. The upper plate 26 is fixed to the upper surface. As shown in FIG. 11 (b) in particular, a wall portion 29 disposed in an annular shape so as to surround the convex portion 28 is provided on the lower surface of the upper collar 23. A recess 30 is formed at the center of 23 as a hole that fits with the protrusion 28. The concave portion 30 has a ceiling surface closed, and a part of the first elastic body 24a of the rubber layer 24 disposed inside is in a sealed rubber support state, so that a high load can be supported with a small support area. .

  The wall part 29 which forms such a recessed part 30 has the inner part surface 29a which faces the upper collar 23 side, as shown in FIG.11 (b). The inner surface 29a is disposed opposite to the outer surface 28a of the convex portion 28, and is inclined in parallel to the outer surface 28a and with respect to the support direction. The opening end 30 a of the concave portion 30 constituting the hole is formed smaller than the first elastic body 24 a that is disposed on the top surface or the top surface of the convex portion 28 and is a part of the rubber layer 24. On the other hand, the upper ridge 23 is prevented from lifting. Moreover, the recessed part 30 makes the space part 30b continuous with the opening end 30a larger than the opening of the opening end 30a, and can arrange | position the top part of the convex part 28, and the 1st elastic body 24a inside. As will be described later, the upper collar 23 can be disposed on the lower collar 22 by combining a plurality of divided bodies.

  In the support device 21 of the present embodiment, the convex portion 28 and the wall portion 29 are arranged so that the outer portion surface 28a and the inner portion surface 29a overlap each other when viewed from the support direction (vertical direction in FIG. 11B). And are arranged close to each other.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11B, the upper collar 23 of this embodiment can be divided in a direction different from the bearing direction. That is, the upper collar 23 has two substantially semicircular shapes that are arranged to face each other and are divided in a direction different from the bearing direction as cut in the bearing direction (vertical direction) along a diameter line passing through the center in plan view. It is comprised from the division bodies 23a and 23b. The two divided bodies 23a and 23b are fastened to each other by bolts / nuts 31 while the flange portions 23c protruding outward in the radial direction are brought into contact with the joint portions of the divided bodies 23a and 23b. Thus, a disk-shaped upper collar 23 is formed. In the present embodiment, the bolt / nut 31 is a portion that is damaged first and is a weak portion when a large load is applied to the bearing device 21, and is disposed at a location that is visible from the outside. ing.

  The rubber layer 24 can employ a known material such as natural rubber, is inserted between the lower collar 22 and the upper collar 23, and is also filled between the convex portion 28 and the wall portion 29. . Here, in the rubber layer 24, the top surface portion of the convex portion 28 of the lower collar 22 functions as the first elastic body 24a, and the flat surface around the convex portion 28 functions as the second elastic body 24b, The inclined portion between the first elastic body 24a and the second elastic body 24b functions as an integrated portion 24c that integrates the two.

  In such a support device 21 of the present embodiment, the convex portion 28 provided on the lower collar 22 has an outer surface 28 a facing the lower collar 22 side, and constitutes the concave portion 30 provided on the upper collar 23. The wall portion 29 has an inner surface 29a that faces the upper collar 23 and is disposed to face the outer surface 28a of the convex portion 28. A rubber layer 24 that functions as a first elastic body and a second elastic body is interposed between the lower collar 22 and the upper collar 23. That is, the rubber layer 24 is disposed on the wall surface of the convex portion 28 and the wall surface of the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30. As a result, when viewed in the bearing direction, in the region where the outer side surface 28a of the convex portion 28 facing the lower collar 22 and the inner side surface 29a of the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30 facing the upper collar 23 are present, the outer side surface 28a. And the integrated part 24c of the rubber layer 24 exists along the inner surface 29a, and the first elastic body 24a and the second elastic body 24b are interposed between the lower collar 22 and the upper collar 23.

  That is, the bottom part (ceiling) of the recessed part 30 becomes a first setting part, the top surface of the protruding part 28 becomes a first arranging part, and the first elastic body 24a includes the first arranging part and the first setting part. It is arrange | positioned in the space part between. In addition, the upper surface of the lower collar 22 around the convex portion 28 serves as a second arrangement portion, the lower surface of the upper collar 23 serves as a second setting portion, and the second elastic body 24b includes the second arrangement portion and the second arrangement portion. It arrange | positions in the space part between setting parts. Thus, in the first elastic body 24a, the load is supported by the first arrangement portion on the top surface of the convex portion 28, and the thickness and the like are defined. Further, the second elastic body 24b is supported by the second arrangement portion which is a flat surface of the lower collar 22, and the thickness and the like are defined. Further, the integrated portion 24c is disposed in a disposition portion between the outer portion surface 28a and the inner portion surface 29a with the inner portion surface 29a as a setting portion.

  Therefore, in the bearing device 21, a plurality of rubber layers 24 are apparently disposed. As described above, since a plurality of the rubber layers 24 are arranged in the support direction, the vertical load acts in a distributed manner, and the vertical load support characteristic is improved. Therefore, according to the bearing device 21 of the present embodiment, the vertical load direction support characteristics are particularly excellent, the vibration can be sufficiently absorbed and dispersed following the vertically downward and vertically upward swings, and the rotation tracking performance in the vertical plane. And rotational force dispersion performance can be improved.

  Further, in the support device 21, the first elastic body 24a and the second elastic body 24b of the rubber layer 24 function as a parallel spring, so that a high load can be supported with a small support area. Further, for example, excellent follow-up performance can be exhibited even if a relative rotational displacement force acts on the upper collar 23 and the lower collar 33 due to the swinging of the upper structure.

  Furthermore, the convex part 28 becomes a core material with respect to the upper collar 23, and even if a shearing force in the horizontal direction acts, it is possible to limit the relative displacement of the upper collar 23 and the lower collar 22 within a predetermined range. Further, since the second elastic body 24b of the rubber layer 24 is the innermost part of the rubber layer 24, the second elastic body 24b is in a substantially sealed state and supports a high load with a small bearing area like a sealed rubber bearing. Is possible.

  Further, in the bearing device 21 of the present embodiment, since the outer side surface 28a of the convex portion 28 and the inner side surface 29a of the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30 overlap with each other when viewed in the bearing direction, When the 22 and the upper collar 23 move away from each other, it is possible to prevent the convex portion 28 from being caught by the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30 and the lower collar 22 and the upper collar 23 from being separated. That is, even if an upward lifting force is applied to the support device 21, it is possible to prevent a fallen bridge or the like due to the separation of the lower rod 22 and the upper rod 23.

  Further, in the support device 21 of the present embodiment, the outer side surface 28a of the convex portion 28 and the inner side surface 29a of the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30 are inclined with respect to the support direction. And while supporting the load in the horizontal direction on the inner surface 29a, the relative displacement between the lower rod 22 and the upper rod 23 in the horizontal direction can be restricted, and the horizontal load support characteristic can also be improved.

  Moreover, since the outer side surface 28a of the convex part 28 and the inner side surface 29a of the wall part 29 which comprises the recessed part 30 are made parallel in the support apparatus 21 of a present Example, the outer side surface 28a and an inner side surface The portion of the rubber layer 24 disposed between the upper and lower portions 29a has a uniform thickness, so that the vertical load can be evenly supported when viewed in the bearing direction.

  Further, in the support device 1 of the present embodiment, since the upper collar 23 is configured to be separable, the convex portion 28 and the concave portion 30 can be easily fitted.

  Further, in the support device 21 of the present embodiment, when the upper collar 23 receives a force of a predetermined level or more in the direction away from the lower collar 22, it breaks before the wall portion 29 constituting the convex portion 28 or the concave portion 30. In addition, a bolt / nut 31 for fastening the divided parts of the upper collar 23 is provided as a fragile part in which a change due to damage appears on the outside. The bolt / nut 31 is set to have a smaller shear area than the convex portion 28 and breaks before the convex portion 28 and the like. For this reason, when a large load is applied due to an earthquake or the like, it is possible to prevent damage to the invisible convex portions and the walls constituting the concave portions, and the visible bolt / nut 31 is damaged. Therefore, it is possible to easily grasp the damaged state of the support device.

  In addition, the support apparatus by this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, A various change is possible within the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention. Several modifications will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 12, the convex portion 28 serving as the core member has an inclined surface 28 b facing the upper collar 23 on a part of the surface, and the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30 is the surface thereof. It can also be configured to have an inclined surface 29b that faces the lower eyelid 22 side at a part of it. By adopting such a configuration, a vertical load can be supported on the inclined surfaces 28b and 29b, and the vertical load support characteristics can be improved. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, a concave portion 28c that narrows downward is provided on the upper surface of the convex portion 28 that becomes the core material, and the convex portion that hangs down from the ceiling of the concave portion 30 and narrows downward. By providing the portion 30c, the area of the inclined surfaces 28b and 29b can be substantially increased, and the vertical load support characteristics can be further improved. The number of the concave portions 28c formed on the upper surface of the convex portion 28 and the convex portions 30c suspended from the ceiling of the concave portion 30 may be plural as shown in FIG. 13, but as shown in FIG. It may be.

  Further, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 15, the lower surface of the upper collar 23 is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar 23 becomes thinner from the approximate center to the outside, and the upper surface of the lower collar 22 is approximately the same. It can also be set as the inclined surface where the thickness of the lower collar 22 becomes thin toward the outside from the center. An expanded space is created between the upper collar 23 and the lower collar 22 so as to be separated radially outward from the center, so that the rubber layer 24 can be thickened outward from the center. The rubber layer 24 has a larger amount of bending toward the outer side, and can improve the rotational performance in the vertical plane.

  Further, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 16, the lower surface of the upper collar 23 is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar 23 increases from the approximate center to the outer side, while the upper surface of the lower collar 22 is approximately An inclined surface in which the thickness of the lower collar 22 increases from the center toward the outside can also be used. Between the upper collar 23 and the lower collar 22, a constricted space is created that approaches from the center in the radially outward direction, so that the rubber layer 24 can be made thinner from the center toward the outside. It becomes possible to improve the sealing property of the rubber layer 24. Therefore, in this case, a larger vertical downward load can be supported.

  In addition, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 17, the support device has a cross-sectional shape of the convex portion 28 that has a substantially T shape with an enlarged top portion, and a cross-sectional shape of the wall portion 29 that has a substantially expanded bottom portion. It can also be L-shaped or inverted L-shaped. In this case, the outer side surface 28a and the inner side surface 29a are orthogonal to the support direction.

  Further, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 18, the lower collar 22, the upper collar 23, and the convex portion 28 do not have to be circular in plan view, and may be rectangular.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 19, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the convex portion 28 and the concave portion 30 are provided in an annular shape. In this case, a rubber is provided on the inner portion in the radial direction of the annular convex portion 28 or the concave portion 30. The layer 24 can be held in a substantially sealed state, and a higher load can be supported. The outer side surface 28a of the convex portion 28 and the inner side surface 29a of the wall portion 29 constituting the concave portion 30 do not necessarily need to be provided over the entire circumference. It is possible to finely disperse and to further improve the vertical load support characteristics and the rotation following performance.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, a space 32 can be formed between the lower rod 22 and the upper rod 23 as a void portion where the rubber layer 24 is not disposed. Here, the space 32 is formed by cutting out the first elastic body 24 a of the rubber layer 24, but the space 32 can also be formed by cutting out the ceiling surface of the recess 30. Further, the space 32 may be provided on both the rubber layer 24 and the ceiling surface of the recess 30. The space 32 may be filled with a filler. For example, when the pressurized air is filled as the filler, the spring constant of the rubber layer 24 can be adjusted by the pressurized pressure of the pressurized air.

  As described above, the filler is not limited to pressurized air, but one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid, and gel, an incompressible fluid, a highly viscous fluid, and rubber An elastic body different from or the same kind as the layer 24 can be used, and an antifreeze fluid such as ethylene glycol can also be used. In addition, when filling the space 32 with a gas such as air or a fluid such as a filler, it is preferable to seal both ends of the space 32 in a sealed state, although not shown.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the structure which the volt | bolt / nut 31 functions as a weak part was demonstrated, this invention is not restricted to this, For example, as shown in FIG. 33 may be provided so that the thin portion 33 functions as a fragile portion that is damaged first. In addition, you may provide the thin part 33 in the upper collar 23 as shown in FIG. In addition, when providing the thin part 33 with respect to the lower collar 22 and the upper collar 23 in this way, the thin part 33 of the lower collar 22 and the upper collar 23 is provided so that these thin parts 33 can be visually observed from the outside. It is preferable to provide it so as to reach the side surface.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 23, the support device 21 can fix the sliding plate 34 as a sliding member on the lower surface of the lower rod 22. In this case, the support device 21 can use what was originally a fixed support as a movable support. The sliding plate 34 is made of, for example, PTFE. Further, as shown in FIG. 24, in the support device 21 according to the embodiment of the present invention, a slip plate 34 can be provided on the upper surface of the upper collar 23. Of course, the setting of the sliding plate 24 is not limited to the support device 21 but can be set for a support device having a configuration that does not depart from the gist of the present invention.

  Furthermore, further embodiments of the bearing device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an embodiment of the support device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  25, for example, in a bridge, is mounted between a bridge girder 16 and a pier or an abutment 17 to support various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load, as well as earthquakes, winds, and dynamics. Alternatively, it is a bridge support device that supports and absorbs and disperses rocking, vibration, and stress due to static traffic loads.

  The support device 41 is configured by fitting the upper rod 42 and the lower rod 43 so as to enable relative displacement in the vertical direction via elastic bodies such as rubber arranged in parallel so as to have different heights. Yes. For example, the upper girder 42 fixes the bridge girder 16 as an upper structure to the upper surface via an upper plate 46 indicated by a two-dot chain line. The lower rod 43 fixes, for example, a pier 17 as a lower structure to the lower surface via a lower plate 47 indicated by a two-dot chain line. Of course, the upper plate 46 and the lower plate 47 referred to here are not essential, and the upper collar 42 and the upper plate 46 are configured integrally, or the lower collar 43 and the lower plate 47 are configured integrally, The upper and lower eyelids 42 and 43 may have a configuration and a function corresponding to each.

  The support device 41 includes at least an upper rod 42 which is a second rigid body fixed to the bridge girder 16 via the upper plate 46 and a lower rigid body which is fixed to the bridge pier 17 via the lower plate 47. Two elastic bodies (a first elastic body 48 and a second elastic body) that function as a parallel spring disposed between the collar 43, the core member 44 fixed to the lower collar 43, and the upper collar 42 and the lower collar 43. Body 49). Further, the upper collar 42 is provided with a space portion 51 therein, and a hole portion 52 communicating with the space portion 51 is formed on the surface opposite to the support surface fixed to the bridge girder 16 as the upper structure. .

  The upper collar 42 serving as the second rigid body has a first setting portion 48a where the first elastic body 48 is disposed and a second setting portion 49a where the second elastic body 49 is disposed. The first setting portion 48a in which the first elastic body 48 is disposed is provided, for example, in the lower collar 43 inserted into the space 51 from the hole 52 of the upper collar 42 in the space 51 of the upper collar 42. This is the ceiling surface of the space 51 that faces the tip of the core material 44 formed. The second setting portion 49 a on which the second elastic body 49 is disposed is a lower surface that faces the lower collar 43 of the support portion 53 of the upper collar 42. Further, the first elastic body 48 is formed to be at least partly larger than the diameter of the hole portion 52 and engages with a support portion 53 that functions as a lifting prevention means formed around the hole portion 52 of the upper collar 42. It has been retained by.

  The lower collar 43 serving as the first rigid body is integrally provided with a core material 44, and the distal end portion of the core material 44 serves as a first arrangement portion 48 b on which the first elastic body 48 is disposed. A surface of the 42 facing the support portion 53 is a second arrangement portion 49b where the second elastic body 49 is arranged. The first placement portion 48 b is provided with a first elastic body 48 and supports a load via the first elastic body 48. The second placement portion 49 b is provided with a second elastic body 49 and supports a load via the second elastic body 49.

  The core member 44 of the lower collar 43 is inserted into the space 51 through the hole 52 of the upper collar 42. In the space part 51, the 1st elastic body 48 fixed to the front-end | tip part of the core material 44 is arrange | positioned so that the ceiling surface of the upper collar 42 may be opposed. The core member 44 is formed to be at least partially larger than the size of the hole portion 52 and is prevented from coming off by a support portion 53 that functions as a lifting prevention means formed around the hole portion 52 of the upper collar 42.

  Between the support part 53 (second setting part 49b) around the hole 52 of the upper collar 42 and the circumference (second arrangement part 49a) of the core member 44 of the lower collar 43, the second elastic body 49 is provided. Arranged. That is, the first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 function as multistage parallel springs disposed so as to have portions that partially overlap in the thickness direction. Further, the first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 are arranged so that the inner side surface of the second elastic body 49 is positioned inside the outer side surface of the first elastic body 48. That is, the first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 are arranged so that at least a part thereof is overlapped by making the height different and different in plan view. For example, the first setting portion 48a in which the first elastic body 48 of the upper collar 42 is disposed and the second setting portion 49a in which the second elastic body 49 is disposed are provided in the same direction and face each other. As the orientation, the first placement portion 48b and the second placement portion 49b of the lower rod 43 are provided in the same direction. Thereby, the 1st elastic body 48 and the 2nd elastic body 49 can be arrange | positioned substantially parallel, for example.

  The upper collar 42 may be constituted by one member as shown in FIG. 25, but may be constituted by a plurality of members as shown in FIG. In FIG. 26, two members are used, and the upper collar 42 is formed by butt-bonding so as to stack the collar member 42a that houses the first elastic body 48 and the intermediate member 42b on which the support portion 53 is formed. The space part 51 in which the 1st elastic body 48 is accommodated is comprised. It should be noted that the hook member 42a and the intermediate member 42b can be joined by using bolts / nuts or the like, of course, either the hook member 42a or the intermediate member 42b is provided with a male screw, and the other is provided with a female screw. These may be connected by screw fastening, which is screwed to each other, welding, or a conventionally known coupling method. The eaves member 42 a has a support surface fixed to the upper plate 46, and a rising wall is provided around it to constitute the upper side of the space 51. Further, the intermediate member 42 b has a hole portion 52 on the bottom surface, a support portion 53 is provided around the hole portion 52, and a rising wall is provided from the outer periphery of the support portion 53, so that the lower side of the space portion 51 is provided. Configure. The flange member 42 a and the intermediate member 42 b are assembled by placing the large-diameter portion 44 a of the large-diameter portion of the core member 44 in the space 51 and then butting and joining the rising walls. Thus, in the upper collar 42, a space portion 51 that accommodates the tip end portion of the core material 44 is formed inside, and a hole portion 52 that communicates with the space portion 51 and has a periphery as a support portion 53 is formed. The Here, the hole 52 is formed to have a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the core member 44.

  A core material 44 is fixed to the lower collar 43. The core member 44 is a member set in a bar shape, a column shape, or a shear key shape, the lower end side of which is fixed to the lower rod 43 and the tip portion is disposed in the space portion 51 in the upper rod 42 that is continuous with the hole portion 52. is there. The core member 44 has a function of suppressing shear deformation of the first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 disposed between the upper rod 42 and the lower rod 43, and a vertical from an upper structure such as the bridge girder 16. A function of elastically supporting the load through the first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49, a function of preventing the upper collar 42 and the lower collar 43 from deviating against the upper lifting force, It plays the role of a piston that restrains the elastic body 48 in a substantially sealed state to increase the bearing pressure. The core material 44 is preferably a large diameter portion whose tip is thicker than the root for the purpose of disposing the first elastic body 48 and resisting lifting force. A large diameter portion 44a is provided. The disposition surface on which the first elastic body 48 of the large diameter portion 44a is disposed is the first disposition portion 48b, and has the same width as the horizontal section of the space portion 51. 48 is arranged. Of course, the arrangement surface of the first elastic body and the large-diameter portion 44a may be made slightly smaller than the space portion 51, and this may be used as the gap portion 54 so as to be filled with a filler or the like.

  In the space 51 of the upper collar 42, the first elastic body 48 includes a first arrangement portion 48 b of the large-diameter portion 44 a at the tip of the core member 44 and a first setting portion 48 b of the ceiling surface of the space 51. A predetermined amount is disposed between the two. The second elastic body 49 includes an upper surface (second arrangement portion 49b) of the lower collar 43 and a lower surface of the upper collar 42 (a surface facing the upper surface of the lower collar 43 of the support portion 53, a second setting portion 49a). A predetermined amount is disposed between the two. The first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 can adjust the vertical load support performance, the horizontal load support performance, and the vertical rotation performance according to the arrangement portion and the arrangement amount. In addition, the 1st elastic body 48 will be in a sealing rubber support state by attaching to the large diameter part 44a in the space part 51. FIG.

  In the support device 41 as described above, the upper collar 42 is supported by the first elastic body 48 in the space 51 and supported by the second elastic body 49 at the support portion 53. The support device 41 includes a first elastic body 48 and a second elastic body 49 that function as parallel springs, and the first elastic body 48 and the second elastic body 49 are arranged so that at least a part thereof overlaps in plan view. Since it is installed, it is possible to support a high load with a small support area. In particular, the first elastic body 48 can be in a substantially sealed state by being disposed in the large-diameter portion 44a in the space portion 51. In this case, the first elastic body 48 is in a substantially sealed rubber support state. It is possible to support a high load with a small bearing area. In addition, for example, even if a relative rotational displacement force acts on the upper rod 42 and the lower rod 43 due to the swinging of the bridge girder 16 as the upper structure, excellent rotational follow-up performance such as attenuation of the rotational force is achieved. It can be demonstrated.

  Further, since the core material 44 is inserted into the space 51 through the hole 52 of the upper collar 42, the upper collar 42 and the lower collar are affected even when a horizontal shearing force perpendicular to the axial direction of the core material 44 acts. It is possible to limit the relative displacement of 43 within a predetermined range. Further, since the core member 44 is prevented from coming off by the support portion 53 around the hole portion 52 of the upper collar 42 by the large-diameter portion 44a, a large load is supported and good follow-up performance is obtained. However, it is possible to prevent the upper collar 42 and the lower collar 43 from separating even when a force that lifts the upper collar 42 is applied.

  The bearing device 41 according to the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 27, the ceiling surface of the space 51 of the upper collar 42 is made into a substantially inverted triangular cross section, and the top 51a supports the first elastic body 48 on the large diameter portion 44a from above, It is also possible to provide a gap 54 on the first elastic body 48 and around the vertex 51a. The gap 54 enters when the first elastic body 48 is deformed by receiving a load, so that the allowable deformation amount of the first elastic body 48 can be increased and the spring state can be adjusted.

  Further, the gap portion 54 may be filled with a filler 55. In the case where pressurized air is filled as the filler 55, the spring constant of the first elastic body 48 can be adjusted by the amount of pressurized air filled. As described above, the filler 55 is not limited to pressurized air, but one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid, and gel, an incompressible fluid, a highly viscous fluid, An elastic body different from or the same kind as the rubber layer 4 can be used, and an antifreeze fluid such as ethylene glycol can also be used. In addition, when the gap 54 is filled with a gas such as air or a fluid such as a filler, it is preferable to seal both ends of the gap 54 in a sealed state. Further, the filler 55 may be filled before the assembly of the support device 41 or may be filled after the assembly.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 28, it is also possible to turn the support device upside down and use the upper collar 42 as the lower collar and the lower collar 43 as the upper collar. In this case, the lower rod 43 is disposed on the upper structure such as the bridge girder 16 and the upper rod 42 is disposed on the pier or the abutment 17. Further, the concept of upside down of the support device can also be applied to the above-described support device shown in FIGS.

  Furthermore, between the upper surface of the lower collar 43 and the lower surface of the upper collar 42 (the surface facing the upper surface of the lower collar 43 of the support portion 53), as shown in FIG. The upper surface of the lower collar 3 is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the lower collar 43 decreases from the approximate center to the outside while the thickness of the upper collar 42 decreases from the approximate center to the outside. You can also. As a result, an expanded space is created between the upper collar 42 and the lower collar 43 so as to be separated from the center in the radially outward direction, so that the second elastic body 49 is moved outward from the center. The second elastic body 49 can be made thicker, and the amount of bending becomes larger toward the outer side, and the rotational performance in the vertical plane can be improved.

  Further, the tip portion of the core material 44 of the lower collar 42, the first arrangement portion 48b of the first elastic body 48 of the large diameter portion 44a, and the second arrangement portion 49b around the core material 44 on the upper surface of the lower collar 42 are provided. In addition to forming with a flat surface, a concave portion and / or a convex portion can be provided, roughened, curved, tapered, or a complex surface thereof.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the lower surface of the upper collar 42 is an inclined surface in which the thickness of the upper collar 42 increases from the approximate center to the outside, and the upper surface of the lower collar 43 is defined from the approximate center. It can also be set as the inclined surface which the thickness of the lower collar 43 becomes thick toward outward. Between the upper collar 42 and the lower collar 43, a constricted space is created that approaches from the center radially outward, so that the second elastic body 49 is made thinner from the center outward. Thus, the sealing property of the second elastic body 49 can be improved.

  Furthermore, the space 51 in the upper collar 42 does not constitute a sealed space, and the first elastic body 48 is formed in the opened space 51 so as to open the ceiling surface as shown in FIG. Can also be provided. The core member 44 may be configured as a nut body having a male screw portion at the tip portion and having a female screw portion for screwing the large diameter portion 44a into the male screw portion at the tip portion of the core member 44. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, in the support device 41, the sliding plate 12 may be fixed as a sliding member on the upper surface of the upper collar 42, or as shown in FIG. In this case, a configuration in which the sliding plate 12 is provided on the lower surface of the lower rod 43 can also be adopted.

  In the above description, the bridge support device has been described as the support device of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the bridge support device, and is used for vibration control and seismic isolation of various structures. It can be employed as a device.

  It is also possible to flip the support device upside down and use the lower eyelid as the upper eyelid and the upper eyelid as the lower eyelid, or the support direction can be set to the horizontal direction or the direction deviated from the vertical direction. It is.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supporting device, 2 Upper collar, 2a Through hole, 2b, 2c Open end, 2d Bottom part, 3 Lower collar, 4 Rubber layer, 8 Core material, 8a Large diameter part, 8b Shaft body, 8c Nut body, 9 Filling elastic body 10 Lifting suppression mechanism, 11 space, 12 sliding plate, 21 support device, 22 lower rod, 23 upper rod, 23a divided body, 23b divided body, 23c flange portion, 24 rubber layer, 25 lower plate, 26 upper plate, 28 Convex part, 28a Outer part surface, 28b Inclined surface, 29 Wall part, 29a Inner part surface, 29b Inclined surface, 30 Recessed part, 31 Bolt / nut, 32 Space, 33 Thin part, 34 Sliding plate, 41 Bearing device, 42 Above沓, 42a 沓 member, 42b intermediate member, 43 lower rod, 44a large diameter portion, 46 upper plate, 47 lower plate, 48 first elastic body, 48a first arrangement portion, 48 First setting unit, 49 second elastic member, 49a second luminous portion, 49b second setting unit, 51 space, 52 hole, 53 supporting part, 54 air gap, 55 filler

Claims (22)

Having a first elastic body and a second elastic body arranged stepwise with respect to the thickness direction;
The first elastic body and the second elastic body are configured as parallel springs, and have overlapping portions in the thickness direction view.   2. A first rigid body having a first disposing portion where the first elastic body is disposed and a second disposing portion where the second elastic body is disposed. The bearing device described.   The support device according to claim 2, wherein the second arrangement portion is provided in the same direction as the first arrangement portion in the thickness direction view.   A first setting portion on which a surface opposite to the surface on which the first disposing portion of the first elastic body is disposed, and the second disposing portion of the second elastic body are disposed. 4. The support device according to claim 2, further comprising a second rigid body having a second setting portion on which a surface opposite to the surface is set.   The support device according to claim 4, wherein the second setting unit is provided in the same direction as the first setting unit in the thickness direction view. The second rigid body is provided with a space portion therein, and a hole portion communicating with the space portion is formed on a surface opposite to the support surface through the space portion,
The first rigid body is disposed so that the core portion into which the tip portion is inserted into the space portion from the hole portion is integrally formed and the surface of the second rigid body facing the hole portion is formed. And
The first elastic body is disposed in the first disposition portion between the tip portion of the core member in the space portion and the ceiling surface of the space portion, and around the hole portion of the second rigid body. It is prevented from slipping out of the space portion by the support portion formed on the
The second elastic body is disposed in the second disposition portion between the first rigid body and the second rigid body,
The bearing device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the first elastic body and the second elastic body are disposed so as to have a portion that partially overlaps in a thickness direction.   The front end surface of the core material constituting the first rigid body is a first arrangement portion, and is set stepwise with respect to the front end surface of the core material so as to face the second rigid body of the first rigid body. The support device according to claim 6, wherein the surface is a second arrangement portion.   The bearing according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first setting portion of the second rigid body is a substantially sealed space including a surface that abuts or can abut against the first elastic body. apparatus.   The support device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the first elastic body and the second elastic body are disposed substantially parallel to each other.   The support device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the first elastic body is in close contact with the ceiling surface of the space portion of the second rigid body in whole or in part. .   The second rigid body includes a flange member that accommodates the first elastic body, and an intermediate member that is abutted against the flange member to form the space portion and is formed with the support portion. The support device according to any one of claims 6 to 10.   The support device according to claim 6, wherein the core member is provided with a large-diameter portion in which the first elastic body is disposed.   The support device according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the first elastic body and the second elastic body are integrated.   The support device according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the first elastic body and the second elastic body are separate bodies.   In the space, between the inner surface of the second rigid body and the first elastic body, a gap portion where the first elastic body is not provided is provided. The bearing device according to any one of 14.   The bearing device according to claim 15, wherein the gap portion is filled with a filler.   The bearing device according to claim 16, wherein the filler is an elastic body different from the first elastic body.   The bearing device according to claim 16, wherein the filler is an incompressible fluid.   The support device according to any one of claims 6 to 18, wherein a sliding member is provided on a lower surface or an upper surface of the first rigid body or the second rigid body.   The first rigid body is an underarm fixed to the lower structure, and the second rigid body is an underarm fixed to the upper structure. The bearing device described in the item.   The first rigid body is an upper collar fixed to the upper structure, and the second rigid body is a lower collar fixed to the lower structure. The bearing device described in the item.   The support apparatus according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the upper structure is a bridge girder and the lower structure is a pier or an abutment.

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