JP5643591B2 - Bearing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a support device for supporting various structures such as buildings and bridges.

  Originally, bearing devices for structures such as buildings and bridges are roughly divided into horizontal load support functions for supporting horizontal loads, vertical load support functions for supporting vertical loads, and rotational loads in the vertical plane. A vertical rotation support function and the like are required. In particular, in a bridge support device, when viewed in an orthogonal coordinate system consisting of an x-axis direction and a y-axis direction in the horizontal direction, as a horizontal load support function and a vertical rotation support function, the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction Different functions and performance are required.

  Here, assuming that the x-axis direction is the bridge axis direction and the y-axis direction is the bridge axis perpendicular direction, generally, the bridge that is a structure has a longer bridge axis direction than the bridge axis perpendicular direction. For this reason, the amount of thermal expansion and contraction, dynamic traffic load, amount of rocking caused by wind and earthquake, amount of rotation due to dynamic or static traffic load, earthquake, etc. are greatly different between the bridge axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. Become. Therefore, in the bridge support device, the functions and performances that are naturally required depend on the direction.

  Under such a technical background, since the great earthquake disaster in 1995, a rubber bearing device having rubber as a main component has been demanded for the conventional bearing device, particularly the bridge bearing device. Among them, a laminated rubber bearing device having a vertical load supporting performance and a high horizontal force dispersion performance has been widely used. This laminated rubber bearing device is configured, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, in which rubber plates and iron plates are alternately laminated and bonded to each other by vulcanization bonding, and the upper portion thereof is an upper portion such as a bridge girder of a bridge. It is fixed to the structure, and its lower part is fixed and installed on a lower structure such as a pier.

  However, since the laminated rubber bearing device adopts a laminated structure in terms of structure, the required thickness becomes inevitably large and bulky, and it is necessary to increase the area to support a high load. There is a disadvantage that the size is increased. Therefore, when the size of the support device is increased due to performance requirements, the area of the upper surface of the pier or abutment, which is a substructure, is required to be larger, and the cost of the entire bridge is increased. There is.

  In addition, when a large bearing device is required and it is not newly installed, the size of the bearing device is particularly problematic because the installation space is limited because the existing bearing device is installed. However, there is a problem that it cannot be replaced unless it is a small bearing device with a small area.

  In recent years, with the increase in the size of structures such as buildings and bridges and the anticipated increase in the scale of earthquakes, the functions and performance required for bearing devices have become more sophisticated. It is inevitable that the size will increase.

  The laminated rubber bearing device as described above has a rectangular shape, particularly a square shape or a circular shape as a planar shape, both of which are functional and performance with respect to the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Become equivalent. However, as described above, the required functions and performance differ between the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, so that on the one hand, the function is insufficient or excessive, and on the other hand, the performance is insufficient or excessive. ing.

  For example, laminated rubber bearings have excellent horizontal force dispersion performance due to shear deformation in the bridge axis direction, but there is a drawback that shear deformation in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis can cause excessive horizontal swing and falling bridges. In order to compensate for these drawbacks, side blocks etc. have been supplementarily installed to prevent shear deformation in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis while allowing shear deformation in the bridge axis direction. Various additional costs such as cost, material cost, manufacturing cost, construction cost and maintenance cost are required, and there is a problem that installation space is required, and the rubber bearing device itself is horizontal in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. There is a problem in that the disadvantage that the shear deformation function and the horizontal force dispersion performance are excessive functions and performances has not been improved.

  In addition, as described above, in the bridge support device, there is a problem in the presence or absence of functional requirements and the required performance level in the bridge axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis in the vertical rotation support function and performance as well. In the case of a rubber bearing device, unlike a steel bearing device, since it has vertical flexibility performance, rotation in the vertical plane in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis cannot be achieved by rotational performance, but by vertical flexibility. Therefore, the rotation in the vertical plane in the bridge axis direction is performed by the compressive deflection in the vertical direction.

  However, in order to improve the compression deflection performance, that is, the vertical flexibility performance, it is necessary to improve the vertical elasticity. However, if this improvement is attempted, there is a tradeoff that the vertical load support performance is lowered. Further, according to the road bridge specifications, shear deformation is allowed in rubber bearings, but tensile force is not allowed to act on the component rubber, so the laminated rubber bearing device has rotational performance in the vertical plane. It was difficult.

  On the other hand, an elastic bearing as a function-separated fixed bearing described in Patent Document 2, for example, as an improvement of the problem of the laminated rubber bearing device that is increased in size with the improvement of the vertical high-load support performance as described above A device has been proposed. This elastic bearing device does not have the horizontal force distribution function that the laminated rubber bearing device has, but this function is provided to another bearing device to enhance the vertical load support function. Each has a convex part and a concave part each consisting of a plurality of concentric cylindrical parts fitted to each other and a columnar part located at the center. And in the diameter vertical cross-sectional view of the fitted state, these convex portions and concave portions that are fitted to each other have a rectangular cross section, and rubber or the like between the adjacent side surfaces and the bottom surface and the top surface facing each other. The uniform elastic body is filled substantially without a gap, and a continuous rubber layer is sandwiched and joined.

  In the elastic bearing device as described above configured as described above, the horizontal load support portion is configured by the side surfaces of the convex portions and the side surfaces of the concave portions adjacent to each other and the rubber layer therebetween, and the top surface of the convex portion. A vertical load support portion is constituted by the bottom surface of the recess and the rubber layer between them.

  Also, the bearing device described in Patent Document 3 adopts a multi-cylindrical configuration in which the upper collar and the lower collar are fitted to each other in the same manner as the elastic bearing apparatus of Patent Document 2, and each of the upper and lower collars The cylindrical part and columnar part constituting the convex part and the concave part are each formed in a trapezoidal cross section in which the distance between both side surfaces in the vertical cross-sectional shape narrows toward the top surface forming the end surface, and both side surfaces are inclined Thus, they are fitted to each other, and a uniform elastic body such as rubber is filled between these concave and convex portions with substantially no gap. According to such elastic bearing devices described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the bearing device is reduced in size and weight, and the support performance of vertical load and horizontal load is improved.

JP 2002-181129 A JP 2005-337002 A JP 2009-46944 A

  According to the elastic bearing device described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 described above, the function-separated fixed bearing device can be used in the horizontal direction and without increasing the size of the bearing device by increasing the area or increasing the thickness. The load supporting performance in the vertical direction can be improved. However, for example, when the elastic bearing device is disposed between the bridge girder and the bridge pier and is responsible for load transmission and load relaxation between them, generally in the case of a function-separated fixed bearing, the distance between the bearings is generally As a result, the moment acts intensively on the fixed bearing. In addition, when the input of seismic waves having a finite transmission speed is from the bridge girder side where the fixed bearings are installed, vertical force absorption, dispersion performance and horizontal force absorption, dispersion performance, Absorption and dispersion performance in the direction of the bridge axis is required, but in the elastic bearing device described in Patent Document 2 or 3, absorption as described above for various inputs for holding social infrastructure structures such as bridges in the long term Since performance and dispersion performance are not recognized, there is a problem that it is not possible to resist a large earthquake expected in the future.

  In addition, in a movable bearing that is used in combination with a function-separated fixed bearing, when using a bearing device that is configured to allow horizontal displacement using a sliding plate such as PTFE, a bridge girder that is supported as a long bridge When the load is high or the load is increased by the traffic weight, the vertical load on the sliding plate increases. In such a case, although the friction coefficient of the sliding plate is originally a small value, the frictional force acting on the surface of the sliding plate is remarkably increased because the vertical drag is increased.

  Therefore, despite the horizontal force acting on the bridge girder and pier, the sliding plate falls into a state where it does not slide out, and the sliding plate-type movable bearing behaves as if it were a fixed bearing. In other words, in the function-separated type bearing, although it should be used as a combination of a movable bearing and a fixed bearing, it is in a state similar to that used in a combination of a fixed bearing and a fixed bearing. As a result, a significant load is applied to the bridge girder and pier. For these reasons, even with fixed bearings, horizontal force absorption and dispersion performance, especially horizontal force absorption and dispersion performance in the direction of the bridge axis, are required, but conventional fixed bearings have horizontal force absorption and dispersion performance. There was a drawback that none of them were able to deal with such problems.

  In particular, in bridge support devices such as road bridges and railway bridges, especially elastic support devices as function-separated fixed support devices, vehicles including static loads due to traffic congestion or low speed movement, large vehicles, large vehicles, etc. Mitigates loads on bridge girder and bridge pier due to dynamic loads accompanying traffic, rotation in the vertical plane in the direction of the bridge axis due to small earthquakes, and slight displacement and extension of the bridge girder in the direction of the bridge axis. However, in the support device described in Patent Document 2 or 3 described above, the concave portion and the convex portion of the cylindrical portion and the columnar portion, each having an uneven shape of the upper and lower eyelids, are fitted to each other. Therefore, it was not possible to follow the rotation in the vertical plane in the bridge axis direction, and it was not possible to sufficiently absorb vibration, oscillation and expansion / contraction.

  Furthermore, in the bridge support device, as described above, the load on the bridge girder and the load on the bridge pier can be mitigated by following the rotation in the vertical plane in the bridge axis direction and the slight displacement and extension of the bridge girder in the bridge axis direction. For this reason, it may be desirable to change the horizontal load characteristics in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction described above. However, in the bearing device described in Patent Document 2 or 3, the horizontal load characteristic cannot be changed, and the horizontal load characteristic cannot be arbitrarily changed.

  This invention is made | formed by the present inventors' earnest research in view of the above situations, is excellent in load support characteristics in the vertical and horizontal directions, and arbitrarily sets the load support characteristics in the horizontal direction. It is possible to absorb and disperse the vibration sufficiently following the vertically downward and vertically upward swing, and it is possible to improve the rotation following performance and the rotational force dispersion performance in the vertical plane, especially in the bridge axis direction. An object of the present invention is to provide a simple support device.

Bearing apparatus of the present invention comprises a first rigid member having a first protrusion acyclic, and a second rigid member having a recess in which the first protrusion between the second convex portion of the non-cyclic is disposed set, A support device in which an elastic body interposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body is disposed so as to overlap in a support direction, wherein the first direction is orthogonal to the support direction and orthogonal to each other. If even when viewed from any direction in the second direction, the first protrusion may have a region overlapping with the wall portion forming the recess, the area of the overlapping region, and the first direction the It is different in the second direction .

One or more said 1st convex parts are set to the substantially polygon shape seeing from the said bearing direction, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The substantially polygon formed by one or more of the first protrusions when viewed from the support direction is set to one or more of a substantially triangular shape, a substantially rectangular shape, and a substantially hexagonal shape.

One or more of the first protrusions are set in a zigzag shape or a waveform when viewed from the bearing direction.

Either or both of the side surface of the first convex portion and the wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion are inclined surfaces.

The opposing side surface of the first convex portion and the wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion are parallel to each other.

Either or both of the side surface of the first convex portion and the wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion are made of a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof.

Either or both of the top surface of the first convex portion and the bottom surface of the concave portion are made of a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof.

A plurality of the first convex portions and the concave portions are provided.

A space in which the elastic body is not provided is provided between a top portion of the first convex portion and a bottom portion of the concave portion which are arranged and set in a complicated manner.

  The space is filled with a filler.

  The filler is an elastic body different from the elastic body.

  The filler is an incompressible fluid.

The filler is pre-filled before the first convex portion and the concave portion are arranged and set.

The filler is filled after the concave portion and the first convex portion are arranged and set.

  The first rigid body and the second rigid body are provided with a deviation suppressing unit that suppresses the first rigid body and the second rigid body from separating from each other.

  The divergence suppressing means includes an engagement portion provided on one of the first rigid body and the second rigid body and an engagement receiving portion provided on the other, and the engagement portion and the engagement receiving portion. Is characterized in that it is rotatably engaged in a plane parallel to the bearing direction.

  A sliding means is provided on the upper surface or the lower surface of the first rigid body or the second rigid body.

  The first rigid body is an upper collar fixed to the upper structure, and the second rigid body is a lower collar fixed to the lower structure.

  The second rigid body is an upper collar fixed to the upper structure, and the first rigid body is a lower collar fixed to the lower structure.

  The upper structure is a bridge girder, and the lower structure is a pier or an abutment.

  According to the bearing device of the present invention, the convex portion of the first rigid body is the second rigid body regardless of the first direction and the second direction perpendicular to each other on the plane orthogonal to the bearing direction. Even if the first rigid body and the second rigid body sandwiching the elastic body move relative to each other in the first direction or the second direction, Relative movement can be suppressed. And since the resistance force that suppresses the relative movement between the first rigid body and the second rigid body is proportional to the area of the region where the convex portion of the first rigid body overlaps the wall portion forming the concave portion of the second rigid body, By adjusting the area, it is possible to arbitrarily set the load support characteristics in the first direction and the second direction. That is, according to the support device of the present invention, the horizontal load support characteristic can be arbitrarily set by setting the posture so that the first direction and the second direction are arranged in a horizontal plane.

  Moreover, according to the support apparatus of this invention, the convex part of a 1st rigid body and the recessed part of a 2nd rigid body are arrange | positioned and set, and the elastic body is inserted between them. For this reason, it is possible to support a load acting in the bearing direction and a direction orthogonal to the bearing direction. For this reason, even when the number of layers in the bearing direction is minimized, it is possible to demonstrate excellent load support characteristics against loads acting from multiple directions, and to make the device size compact. I can do it. Also, the structure of the bearing device of the present invention is different from the conventional laminated rubber bearing device, etc., when vulcanizing and bonding a rigid body made of steel such as metal and an elastic body such as rubber material constituting the bearing device. Since the thermal conductivity is structurally good, the processing time can be shortened, and therefore the low cost and mass productivity can be remarkably enhanced.

  Furthermore, in the bearing device of the present invention, the convex portion as viewed from the bearing direction can be set in a substantially polygonal shape (such as a substantially triangular shape, a substantially rectangular shape, or a substantially hexagonal shape), a zigzag shape, or a waveform. By changing the shape of the convex portion in this way, the area where the convex portion viewed from the first direction or the second direction overlaps with the wall portion forming the concave portion changes, so in the first direction and the second direction It can be set appropriately by changing the load support characteristics.

  Furthermore, by setting one or both of the side surface of the convex part and the wall surface of the wall part forming the concave part as an inclined surface, the load acting from the support direction is distributed in the support direction and a direction different from the support direction. I can do it. For example, if the side surface of the convex part is 45 ° with respect to the bearing direction, half of the bearing direction can be dispersed into the normal component of the side surface and the other half can be dispersed into the parallel component of the side surface, supporting high loads. It becomes possible to do.

  Moreover, in one convex part, it mutually cancels out by the component of a reverse direction, a load reduction is made, and a load support characteristic improves. Accordingly, a high load can be supported while the area in plan view is small and the thickness direction is not bulky.

  Furthermore, when the side surfaces of the convex portions facing each other and the wall surfaces of the wall portions forming the concave portions are parallel, the thickness of the elastic body sandwiched between the first rigid body and the second rigid body is It is possible to make the load supporting characteristics uniform. In addition, it is possible to make the side surface of the convex part and the wall surface of the wall part forming the concave part non-parallel so that the load support characteristic is not uniform.

  Furthermore, either or both of the side surface of the convex portion and the wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion can be formed from a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. Further, either or both of the top surface of the convex portion and the bottom surface of the concave portion can be formed from a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. This combination makes it possible to change the load support characteristics and improve the bonding strength between the rigid body and the elastic body bonded thereto.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a plurality of convex portions and concave portions. As a result, the load acts on the plurality of convex portions in a distributed manner, so that a high load can be supported while being small.

  Furthermore, when there is a space where the elastic body is not provided between the top part of the convex part and the bottom part of the concave part, which are arranged in a complicated manner, It becomes possible to enter the space, the allowable deformation amount of the elastic body can be increased, and the spring constant can be reduced. That is, the spring constant can be adjusted by providing the space.

  Furthermore, the space can be filled with a filler. Various functions such as the spring constant and height of the bearing device, load support performance, load damping performance, rotation follow-up performance in the vertical plane, etc., depending on the setting of the constituent material, filling amount, filling position, filling space shape, etc. And the performance can be adjusted.

  As the filler, for example, an elastic body that is different from the elastic body inserted between the first rigid body and the second rigid body, or an incompressible fluid can be used. By selecting the type of filler, it is possible to adjust various functions and performance such as the spring constant and height of the bearing device, load support performance, load damping performance, and rotation follow-up performance in the vertical plane as described above. .

  When a fluid is used as the filler, for example, it may be a fluid at the time of filling, but may be solidified after an appropriate time has elapsed. Moreover, the kind of filler with which one space is filled may be one kind or plural kinds. For example, a two-component curable fluid may be filled in an appropriate amount and cured to form a solid so as to develop an appropriate elastic coefficient. Of course, the two components are mixed in advance and then filled. You can also. Moreover, as a filler, you may mix the solid, the granule, and gas in the inside of the fluid.

  The filler can be composed of one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid and gel. Gas is unsuitable for supporting high loads because of its high compression ratio, but it can act like an air spring when supporting relatively low loads, and is filled in a pressurized state. May be. It is also possible to form a filler such as a foam by curing while filling and placing a fluid containing bubbles such as discontinuous bubbles. In addition, for example, when filled with a liquid or slurry-like or gel-like non-hardening filler, it is possible to support the load while freely supporting deformation of the filling space, and it can be used at low temperatures such as in cold regions. It is also possible to select an antifreeze fluid that does not freeze.

  When the filler is an incompressible fluid, it is possible to support a high load while freely responding to deformation of the filling space.

  When the filler is a liquid or a slurry or gel-like non-curing and highly viscous fluid, the highly viscous filler in the space when the elastic body surrounding the filling space is deformed. The effect of attenuating deformation energy by the viscous resistance of can be expected.

  Further, as described above, the filler can be a different kind of elastic body. Of course, in order for the filler to become an elastic body, it is convenient if it exhibits fluidity during filling. For example, if the elastic body exhibits thermoplasticity, when it is used as a filler, the elastic body is appropriately heated to a temperature and filled while being allowed to flow. For example, if an elastic body shows thermosetting property, it will be filled when it is in a flowable state before curing.

  When the filling material is filled in advance, it can be filled in accordance with the pre-design and according to the procedure before the production stage or before shipment, and according to this, high efficiency in production can be achieved.

  In addition, when filling the filler later, it is possible to fill it after shipment, for example, at the construction site, while adjusting according to the size of the construction space, etc. It is possible to solve the problems that were difficult to fine-tune in the construction.

  In addition, when adjusting the thickness or height of the support device according to the filling amount of the filler, the thickness or height of the support device can be adjusted depending on the amount of filling material with respect to the filling space. It will be possible to adapt more precisely to the construction space at.

  Furthermore, in the case where the first rigid body and the second rigid body are provided with a deviation suppressing unit that suppresses the deviation from each other, the first rigid body and the second rigid body are suppressed from being separated from each other. It can be prevented that the first rigid body and the second rigid body are separated from each other due to an earthquake or the like and the support target is dropped.

  Further, the divergence suppressing means includes an engagement portion provided on one of the first rigid body and the second rigid body and an engagement receiving portion provided on the other, and the engagement receiving portion and the engagement receiving portion are provided. The first rigid body and the second rigid body can be rotated relative to each other, so that the rotation followability of the bearing device can be improved. Can be improved.

  Moreover, the structure which fixes sliding means to the upper surface or lower surface of a 1st rigid body or said 2nd rigid body is also employable. According to this, the 1st rigid body or the 2nd rigid body can be slid, and it becomes possible to utilize the support apparatus of this invention which was a fixed support originally as a movable support.

  Furthermore, the first rigid body can be set as an upper collar fixed to the upper structure, and the second rigid body can be set as a lower collar fixed to the lower structure. It is also possible to set the rigid body as an upper collar fixed to the upper structure and the first rigid body as a lower collar fixed to the lower structure. In any case, it is possible to support the upper structure and the lower structure with excellent load supporting characteristics.

  It is possible to set the upper structure as a bridge girder and the lower structure as a pier or abutment. In this case, the bridge girder and the pier or the abutment can be supported with excellent load supporting characteristics.

It is a top view which shows schematic structure of the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 2. It is a top view which shows the upper collar and lower collar with which the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention is provided. It is a schematic block diagram of the support apparatus in the 2nd Example of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the support apparatus in the 3rd Example of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the modification of the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention which has a filling space. It is a schematic block diagram of the modification of the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention provided with a raising suppression mechanism. It is a schematic block diagram of the modification of the support apparatus in the 2nd Example of this invention provided with a raising suppression mechanism. It is a schematic block diagram of the modification of the support apparatus in the 3rd Example of this invention provided with a raising suppression mechanism. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention which has a sliding board on the upper surface of an upper collar. It is sectional drawing of the modification of the support apparatus in the 1st Example of this invention which has a sliding board in the lower surface of a lower collar.

  The configuration of the support device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. A bearing device according to the present invention is a bearing device for bearing a structure such as a building or a bridge, and is disposed on one structure side of two structures positioned with a gap therebetween. A first rigid body, a second rigid body disposed on the other structure side opposite to the first rigid body, and an elastic body interposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body And is configured. Here, for example, one of the above-described structures is an upper structure, and the other structure is a lower structure. As a more specific example, the support device of the present invention is used by being disposed between a bridge girder as an upper structure and a pier or abutment as a lower structure, that is, between a bridge girder and a pier or abutment. In this case, while supporting various loads such as horizontal load, vertical load, rotational load, etc., swing and vibration due to earthquake or wind, or dynamic or static traffic load, etc. It is supported while absorbing and dispersing stress. Hereinafter, an embodiment of the support device of the present invention will be described with an example in which it is used by being disposed between an upper structure and a lower structure.

  The support device includes at least a lower rod which is a first rigid body set directly or indirectly on the lower structure and an upper rod which is a second rigid body set directly or indirectly on the upper structure. And an elastic body disposed between the upper and lower eyelids.

  The lower arm setting means for the lower structure may be fixed directly to the lower structure using fastening means such as bolts and nuts, or a plate shape having a larger area than the lower arm. The lower rod can be indirectly fixed to the lower structure through a lower fixing means such as a lower plate, or can be set by an appropriate method. Further, it is also preferable that sliding means is disposed at the lower part of the lower rod so that the lower structure and the support device can be set to be relatively displaceable. As the sliding means, for example, a plate having a low coefficient of friction surface such as PTFE is fixed to the lower surface of the lower collar, or the upper surface on the attachment means side fixed to the lower structure or the lower structure. It is possible to constitute by fixing to. It should be noted that the direct or indirect setting of the upper and lower rods is preferably a detachable method, and fastening with bolts, nuts, etc. is an example.

  The lower arm is preferably made of a steel material such as metal, ceramics, or a reinforced resin such as hard resin or FRP, but is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can be composed of a material composed of a combination of a material and an elastic material. The lower surface composed of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view. Alternatively, it is advantageous in terms of construction and replacement. Of course, the planar shape of the lower eyelid does not necessarily match the upper eyelid, but the size of each part and the shape and position of the protrusions and recesses need to match the settings of the lower eyelid and the upper eyelid. There is. In addition, the lower arm can be constructed so that the outer surface is entirely covered with a coating layer such as an elastic body to obtain weather resistance and rust prevention effect.

  One or more non-annular convex portions that protrude upward are provided on the upper surface side of the lower eyelid. In the case where two or more convex portions are provided, it is preferable that the convex portions are provided with a uniform interval, but the present invention is not limited to this. Of course, there may be no gap between the convex portions, and when the interval is set, a bottom portion is created in the concave portion created between the adjacent convex portions. The number of protrusions set is not particularly limited. For example, n is a natural number, the number of protrusions is 2n-1, and the number of protrusions is 2n-2. The number of set points for the upper and lower ridges is set to 2n, or the upper and lower ridges are set as described below. It is also possible to increase the number of the upper and lower ridges by the same number, that is, the odd and odd stripes, or the even and even stripes. A degree of freedom in design that cannot be obtained by a combination of convex portions or the like can be obtained, and a predetermined plane area can be effectively utilized to the maximum extent.

  In the bearing device of the present embodiment, any of the first direction and the second direction (that is, the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction when the horizontal plane is the xy plane) that is orthogonal to the support direction and orthogonal to each other. Even when viewed from above, at least a part of the convex portion provided on the upper surface side of the lower eyelid has a shape overlapping with a wall portion forming a concave portion provided on the lower surface side of the upper eyelid described later. Along with this, the shape of the convex portion of the lower eyelid can be selected from a shape whose width changes from one end to the other end or a shape whose position displaces from one end to the other end. preferable. Specifically, for example, it is preferable to set the shape to a rhombus, a waveform, or a triangle, or to a substantially trapezoidal shape, a shape that narrows in a curve, or the like.

  The vertical cross-sectional shape of the convex part of the lower collar can be set to a substantially rectangular shape standing upright with a certain width, and the width gradually decreases toward the upper end, for example, a substantially triangular shape, A desired shape such as a trapezoidal shape or a curvedly narrowing shape can be set as appropriate. Of course, in the case of a triangular shape, there is no surface above the convex portion. Conversely, when a surface is set on the top of the convex portion, it may be a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. For example, when the top of the convex portion is a flat surface, the design and manufacture are easy. Further, when the top portion is a curved surface, the spring constant can be set by setting the curved surface, the degree of freedom in design can be improved, and the load resistance can be adjusted. Moreover, by making the top part an uneven surface or a rough surface, it is possible to improve the peel resistance when an elastic body such as rubber is bonded to the lower arm. Similarly, when setting the surface on the bottom of the concave portion between the concave portions created between adjacent convex portions, the surface may be a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, or a rough surface. Or a combination thereof.

  The side surface of the convex portion of the lower collar can be a flat surface or a curved surface, or can be an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. For example, when the side surface of the convex portion is a flat surface, the design and manufacture are easy. In addition, when the side surface is a curved surface, the contact area with an elastic body such as rubber contacting the side surface can be adjusted, and the dispersibility of the load can be changed depending on the portion on the side surface. Further, by making the side surface an uneven surface or a rough surface, it is possible to improve the peel resistance when an elastic body such as rubber is bonded to the upper eyelid. When the side surface is tilted, the tilt angle can be appropriately set between a right angle at a finite angle with respect to the horizontal, or more, that is, an obtuse angle. It is also possible to incline one side surface at an angle α and incline the other side surface at an angle β different from the angle α.

  The protrusions and recesses of the lower arm can be rounded at the end in their extending direction, and if they are formed round, follow the rotation in the vertical plane in the extending direction of the protrusions and recesses of the support device. At this time, an excessive load is applied to the end portion of the convex portion or the like, and a corner buckling or the like due to an overload is prevented, and the rotation can be smoothly followed.

  The upper hook setting means for the upper structure may be fixed directly to the upper structure using fastening means such as bolts and nuts, or a plate shape having a larger area than the upper hook. It is also possible to indirectly fix the upper collar to the upper structure through an upper fixing means such as an upper plate. Further, it is also possible to arrange sliding means on the upper part of the upper collar so that the upper structure and the support device can be set to be relatively displaceable. As the sliding means, for example, a plate having a low coefficient of friction surface such as PTFE is fixed to the upper surface of the upper collar, or the upper structure or the lower surface on the attachment means side fixed to the upper structure. It is possible to constitute by fixing to.

  The upper arm is preferably made of steel, such as metal, ceramics, or reinforced resin such as hard resin or FRP, but is not necessarily limited to rigid material. Elastic material, rigid material and elastic material It can comprise by the material comprised by a combination. The upper surface composed of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view. Alternatively, it is advantageous in terms of construction and replacement. In addition, an upper surface can be comprised so that an outer surface may be entirely covered with coating layers, such as an elastic body, and a weather resistance and a rust prevention effect may be acquired.

  On the lower surface side of the upper collar, there are provided a plurality of convex portions (wall portions forming the concave portions in the present invention) that protrude downward and form concave portions. These convex portions form concave portions in which the convex portion of the lower eyelid is arranged and set, and the shape in plan view is a shape in which the side surface of the convex portion of the lower eyelid is opposed to each other with a gap. It is said that. The shape and the number of arrangement of the upper eyelid protrusions are set so that a part thereof overlaps the lower eyelid protrusions when viewed from either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction.

  The vertical cross-sectional shape of the convex portion can be set to a substantially rectangular shape that hangs down with a certain width, and the width gradually decreases toward the lower end, such as a substantially inverted triangular shape or a substantially trapezoidal shape. The shape can be appropriately set to a desired shape such as a shape narrowed in a curve. Of course, when an inverted triangular shape is used, there is no surface below the convex portion. Conversely, when a surface is set at the lower portion of the convex portion, it may be a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. For example, when the lower part of the convex part is a flat surface, the design and manufacture are easy. In addition, when the lower part is a curved surface, the spring constant can be set by setting the curved surface, the degree of freedom in design can be improved, and the load resistance can be adjusted. Further, by making the lower part an uneven surface or a rough surface, it is possible to improve the peel resistance when an elastic body such as rubber is bonded to the upper eyelid. Similarly, when setting the surface on the bottom of the concave portion between the concave portions created between adjacent convex portions, the surface may be a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, or a rough surface. Or a combination thereof.

  The side surface of the convex portion of the upper collar can be a flat surface or a curved surface, or can be an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. For example, when the side surface of the convex portion is a flat surface, the design and manufacture are easy. In addition, when the side surface is a curved surface, the contact area with an elastic body such as rubber contacting the side surface can be adjusted, and the dispersibility of the load can be changed depending on the portion on the side surface. Further, by making the side surface an uneven surface or a rough surface, it is possible to improve the peel resistance when an elastic body such as rubber is bonded to the upper eyelid. The side surface can be inclined to form an inclined surface. In this case, the inclination angle can be appropriately set between a finite angle and a right angle with respect to the horizontal. It is also possible to incline one side surface at an angle γ and incline the other side surface at an angle δ different from the angle γ.

  The protrusions and recesses of the upper collar can be formed with rounded ends in their extending direction, and if they are formed in a round shape, they follow the rotation in the vertical plane in the extending direction of the protrusions and recesses of the support device. At this time, an excessive load is applied to the end portion of the convex portion or the like, and a corner buckling or the like due to an overload is prevented, and the rotation can be smoothly followed.

  The elastic body is disposed in a desired amount at a desired portion between the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid. The vertical load support performance, the horizontal load support performance, and the vertical rotation performance can be adjusted by this arrangement site and the arrangement amount. Of course, the load support performance and the rotation follow-up property can be set also by the material employed as the elastic body. Further, the elastic body disposed between the upper and lower eyelids may or may not be bonded, but preferably the upper and lower eyelids are bonded by vulcanization or adhesive bonding. It is preferable to bond them to each other so that the elastic body is not separated or peeled off due to stress concentration or aging, etc. Of course, the method for adhering the elastic body to the upper and lower eyelids is not particularly limited.

  The arrangement part of the elastic body can be between the convex part and / or concave part of the upper collar and the concave part and / or convex part of the lower collar. In particular, it is arranged between the side surface of the convex part of the upper collar and the side surface of the convex part of the lower collar opposite to it, on the bearing of the vertical load and on the bearing of the horizontal load, and in the vertical plane Above preferred. In the arrangement of the elastic body between the convex part and / or concave part of the upper collar and the concave part and / or convex part of the lower collar, it can be arranged without bonding, but an appropriate bonding method, For example, it is preferable to join the elastic body and the upper heel or the lower heel by vulcanization adhesion or adhesion using an adhesive.

  Natural elastomer, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomer and thermosetting elastomer can be used as the elastomer as the main constituent material of the elastic body. Among these, natural rubber is preferably used as a main component. Specific elastomer components include, for example, natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber ( IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (brominated, chlorinated, etc.), acrylic rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluorinated rubber, polysulfide rubber, hyperon, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene series Elastomers, urethane elastomers, polyolefin elastomers, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer (SIS), epoxidized natural rubber, trans-polyisoprene, norvo Nene ring-opening polymer (polynorbornene), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), high styrene resins, rubber alone such as isoprene rubber, or may be used in combination of two or more.

  In addition, a space in which no elastic body is provided may be set between the top of the convex portion of the upper collar and the bottom of the concave portion of the lower collar, or between the top of the convex portion of the lower collar and the concave portion of the upper collar. In this case, it is also possible to fill this space with a gas such as air or nitrogen gas to form a void. Alternatively, it is also possible to dispose an elastic body of a different type or the same type as the elastic body inserted between the upper and lower eyelids as a filler, or to fill the space with another filler. When dissimilar or similar elastic bodies are disposed in this space, these elastic bodies may not be bonded to each other, for example, may be provided with an appropriate interval between them, in this case, In addition to facilitating horizontal deformation, the elastic body located between the side surfaces of the opposing convex portions and the elastic body located between the upper portion of the convex portion and the bottom portion of the concave portion independently have the respective characteristics It will be possible to demonstrate.

  The space set between the upper and lower eyelids may be set to one or more than one, or set to a certain narrow range or intermittently set to a wide area. However, it is possible to improve the ease of filling with a filler or the like by arranging each space in series with a communication path.

  The filler is to be filled in an appropriate amount in the above-mentioned space where the elastic body is not set, that is, in an appropriate portion between the upper and lower eyelids, that is, in the filling space. The volume may be smaller, equal, or larger than the volume of the filling space, and in the case of a small amount, there is room for compression or deformation by the remaining gap, and the thickness of the support device. Can be set to be thin and equal, the remaining volume can be achieved without the remaining volume, and the thickness of the bearing device can be realized as originally designed. If the volume is large, the volume of the filling space is increased from the original design value. Thus, the thickness of the support device can be set thick, and the thickness or height of the support device can be adjusted according to the filling amount of the filler.

  The filler is preferably a fluid at least during filling. Of course, it may be a fluid after filling. Among the fillers that are fluids at the time of filling, for example, those that are fluids at the time of filling but solidify after an appropriate amount of time can be employed. Moreover, the kind of filler with which one space is filled may be one kind or plural kinds. For example, an appropriate amount of each of the two-component curable fluids may be filled and cured to form one solid so as to express an appropriate elastic modulus. Of course, the two components should be mixed before filling. You can also. In addition, as a filler, solid or particles are mixed in the fluid to improve the attenuation performance of the external input to the support device, or gas is mixed to improve or adjust the spring constant and elasticity. Also good.

  The filler can be composed of one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid, and gel. When gas is used as the main component of the filler, the gas is unsuitable for high load support because of its large compressibility, but when supporting a relatively low load, for example, an action like an air spring is performed. It is also possible to fill it in a pressurized state. It is also possible to form a filler such as a foam by curing while filling and placing a fluid containing bubbles such as discontinuous bubbles. In addition, for example, when a liquid or slurry-like or gel-like non-curable fluid is adopted as the main component of the filler, it is possible to support the load while freely supporting deformation of the filling space, It is also possible to select an antifreeze fluid that does not freeze even in low temperatures such as in cold regions.

  An incompressible fluid can be used as the filler, and when an incompressible fluid is used as the filler, a high load is supported while freely adapting to deformation of the filling space. It becomes possible.

  It is also possible to use a high-viscosity fluid as the filler. When a non-hardening high-viscosity filler such as liquid or slurry or gel is filled, the elastic body surrounding the filling space is deformed. In this case, it can be expected that the highly viscous filler in the space attenuates deformation energy by viscous resistance. Of course, when a highly viscous fluid with incompressibility is used, the effect obtained when an incompressible fluid is used as a filler and the effect obtained when a highly viscous fluid is used as a filler. Both effects can be obtained.

  Alternatively, as the filler, it is possible to employ an elastic body that is different from or the same type as the elastic body interposed between the upper and lower eyelids. Of course, in order for the filler to become an elastic body, it is preferable that the filler exhibits fluidity at the time of filling. For example, if the elastic body exhibits thermoplasticity, when it is used as a filler, the elastic body is appropriately heated to a temperature and filled while being allowed to flow. Further, for example, if the elastic body exhibits thermosetting property, it is filled at the time when it is in a flowable state before being cured, and is cured under appropriate conditions.

  The filling of the filler may be performed in advance or may be performed after manufacture. In the case of filling the filler in advance, the filling of the filler is performed in accordance with the pre-design and the procedure according to the manufacturing stage and before the shipment, and according to this, the manufacturing efficiency can be improved. . In addition, when filling the filler later, it is also possible to fill the filler after the shipment, for example, at the construction site while adjusting to the size of the construction space, etc. According to the above, it is possible to solve the problem that fine adjustment in the conventional construction is difficult.

  It should be noted that the arrangement relationship between the convex portion and / or concave portion of the upper collar and the convex portion and / or concave portion of the lower collar is such that at least the overlap in the vertical direction between the convex portion of the upper collar and the convex portion of the lower collar is finite. For example, about half of the height of the convex portion can be set to be the overlapping height, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  In addition, the side surface of the convex portion of the upper collar and the side surface of the convex section of the lower collar that faces the upper collar can be set parallel to each other, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is.

  Further, the upper rod and the lower rod can be provided with lifting restraining means for engaging the upper rod and the lower rod so as to be capable of relative rotational movement in a plane parallel to the support direction. The lifting restraining means functions as a deviation restraining means that restrains the upper and lower eyelids from separating, and is provided on the other side and the engaging portion provided on one side of the upper and lower eyelids. It is preferable that it is comprised with an engagement receiving part, and it is comprised so that rotation in a vertical surface is possible.

  Specifically, for example, a female screw hole as an engagement receiving portion is formed in the center of the upper surface of the lower collar, and a small-diameter circular hole penetrating the front and back is formed in the upper collar in the center of the upper collar. Concentric with this, a stepped circular hole is constituted by a large-diameter circular hole drilled from the upper surface side to an intermediate depth in the thickness direction of the upper collar, and together with this a male screw having a head is used as an engaging part. The male screw is inserted into the stepped circular hole from the upper side of the upper collar and screwed into and engaged with the female thread of the lower collar located below, so that the upper collar and the lower collar are not separated by the lifting force. In addition, the upper and lower eyelids can be configured to be capable of relative displacement.

  When setting the lifting prevention means, for example, between the engagement portion and the engagement receiving portion, so as not to inhibit the relative displacement between the upper and lower eyelids accompanying the rotation following in the vertical plane of the support device, It is preferable that the so-called play is set so that the portions such as the upper and lower heels do not come into contact with each other even if the relative rotation is 1/150 radians relative to the center of the relative rotation.

  The lifting prevention means can be configured such that either one or both of the engaging part and the engaging receiving part receive and support the vertical load from the supported body via the elastic body. If the lifting prevention means is configured to include an elastic body, it is possible to support the load applied to the support device through the elastic body even with the lifting prevention means. The vertical load cannot be supported in the area where the lifting prevention means is installed, and the load bearing performance is inferior when the bearing area is the same, so that higher loads can be supported. Become.

  Of course, the lifting prevention means can be set outside the upper and lower heels. In this case, as the lifting prevention means, for example, an engaging portion provided on one of the upper and lower heels, An engaging step provided on the other side, which are configured to engage with each other. When an external force in the bearing negative direction is applied, the engaging portion is engaged with the engaging step, Configured to prevent discrepancies between heels and armpits.

  Embodiments of the support device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a first embodiment of the bearing device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1 is mounted between a bridge girder (not shown) and a pier (not shown) or an abutment (not shown) in a bridge, for example, and various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load. It supports the bridge while absorbing and dispersing the vibration, vibration and stress caused by earthquake, wind, dynamic or static traffic load. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the support device 1 in plan view. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the support device 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a view showing the upper and lower eyelids of the bearing device 1, (a) is a bottom view of the upper eyelid 2, and (b) is a top view of the lower eyelid 3.

  The support device 1 causes the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3 to be displaced relative to each other by the amount of bending of the rubber layer 4 with respect to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction via an elastic body, specifically, a rubber layer 4 made of rubber or the like. The arrangement is set so that it is possible. The upper surface of the upper gutter 2 is fixed to, for example, a bridge girder as an upper structure via an upper plate 6 indicated by a two-dot chain line. The lower surface of the lower arm 3 is fixed to, for example, a bridge pier as a lower structure via a lower plate 7 indicated by a two-dot chain line. Of course, the upper plate and the lower plate here are not indispensable. The upper plate and the upper plate are integrally formed, or the lower plate and the lower plate are formed integrally, so that the upper plate and the lower plate are formed. You may give the structure corresponding to each.

  1 to 4, the upper plate 2 has an upper plate 6 fixed to the upper surface of a substrate 2a having a substantially rectangular plate shape in plan view, for example, and as shown in FIG. A convex portion 8 and a concave portion 9 formed by the convex portion 8 are provided. These projections 8 are partly described later when viewed from either the x-axis direction (bridge axis direction) or the y-axis direction (bridge axis perpendicular direction) orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane. The shape (triangular shape in this embodiment) and the number of arrangement are set so as to overlap with the three convex portions 11.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the convex portion 8 has a common pair of inclined surfaces 8 a and 8 a whose side surfaces are inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane. The convex portion 8 is formed with a horizontal plane top portion 8b, and the concave portion 9 is formed with a horizontal plane bottom portion 9b. These convex portion 8 and concave portion 9 constitute a first concave-convex portion 10.

  Further, the lower plate 7 is also fixed to the lower surface of the substrate 3a having a substantially rectangular shape, and as shown in FIG. 4 (b), on the surface facing the upper platen 2, which is the upper surface, in a plan view. A plurality of rhombic convex portions 11 and a plurality of constricted concave portions 12 formed by the convex portions 11 are alternately arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the convex portion 11 has a common pair of inclined surfaces 11 a and 11 a whose side surfaces are inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane. The convex portion 11 is formed with a horizontal plane top portion 11b, and the concave portion 12 is formed with a horizontal plane bottom portion 12b. These convex portion 11 and concave portion 12 constitute a second concave-convex portion 13.

  In this embodiment, the posture of the support device 1 is set so that the extending direction of the convex portion 11 matches the bridge axis direction. Of course, the posture of the support device 1 is not limited to this, and the extending direction of the convex portion 11 is matched with the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, or the extending direction of the convex portion 11 is inclined with respect to the bridge axis direction. May be.

  And the convex part 8 of the upper collar 2 is arranged and set in the concave part 12 of the lower collar 3, and the concave part 9 of the upper collar 2 is arranged and set in the convex part 11 of the lower collar 3, respectively. And between the inclined surface 8a of the convex part 8 or the concave part 9 of the upper collar 2 and the concave part 12 of the lower collar 3 or the inclined surface 11a of the convex part 11 facing this, the rubber layer 4 is formed into a convex part 8, 11 and the recesses 12 and 9 are fixed along the extending direction. The rubber layer 4 is joined to the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a facing each other by, for example, a vulcanization adhesion method.

  If the thickness of the rubber layer 4 sandwiched between the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a is T, the inclination angle of the rubber layer 4 is the inclination angle θ of the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a. T ′ is obtained by T ′ = T / cos θ. Therefore, even if the rubber layer 4 is formed to be relatively thin, a large vertical thickness T ′ can be obtained, whereby the vertical load resistance can be set large.

  Of the loads applied to the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a, which are the side surfaces of the convex portions 8 and 11 forming the trapezoidal shape of the support device 1, the horizontal load due to the horizontal component force is the direction in which the convex portions 8 and 11 face each other. Therefore, the horizontal component load is reduced, and a larger vertical load can be supported.

  Incidentally, the inclination angle θ of the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a formed by the convex portions 8 and 11 and the concave portions 12 and 9 is not particularly limited, but is set to an acute angle, that is, a range of 0 ° <θ <90 °. It is preferable.

  As the material of the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3, any appropriate known material can be adopted, and for example, it can be formed of a known metal plate such as a steel plate, ceramics, plastic including reinforced plastic, or the like. Similarly, the rubber layer 4 can employ a material such as a known natural rubber.

  Further, the outer surface of the above-described support device 1 may be covered with a rubber film, so that metal parts such as the upper and lower collars 2 and 3 are hardly exposed to the outside, and thus metal corrosion or the like occurs. It is difficult to improve environmental resistance.

  According to the bearing device 1 of the present embodiment, the convex portion 8 of the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 can be seen from either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane. There is always a region that overlaps the convex portion 11. For this reason, the relative movement of the upper eyelid 2 and the lower eyelid 3 can be suppressed by the overlapping region. And the resistance force which suppresses the relative movement of the upper eyelid 2 and the lower eyelid 3 is proportional to the area of the area | region where the convex part 8 of the upper eyelid 2 and the convex part 11 of the lower eyelid 3 overlap. For this reason, by adjusting the area, it is possible to arbitrarily set the load support characteristic in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, that is, the load support characteristic in the horizontal direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the convex portion 8 of the upper collar 2 and the convex portion 11 of the lower collar 3 do not need to match the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, but rather match them. By setting the shape not to be allowed, it is possible to appropriately set the load support performance and the displaceable amount in the x-axis direction to be different from the load support performance and the displaceable amount in the y-axis direction.

  Moreover, according to the support apparatus 1, the convex part 8 of the upper collar 2 and the concave part 12 of the lower collar 3 are arranged in an intricate manner and the rubber layer 4 is interposed therebetween. For this reason, the load which acts on a perpendicular direction and a horizontal direction can be supported. For this reason, even when the number of stacked rubber layers in the vertical direction is kept to a minimum (that is, one layer), it is possible to exhibit excellent load supporting characteristics against loads acting from a plurality of directions. The size can be made compact. Therefore, according to the support device 1, it is possible to improve the workability and exchangeability, and to improve the thermal conductivity and shorten the processing time, thereby improving the low cost and mass productivity. I can do it.

  Moreover, according to the support apparatus 1, the side surface of the convex part 8 and the side surface of the convex part 11 are made into the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a. For this reason, the load which acts from a perpendicular direction can be disperse | distributed to a perpendicular direction and a horizontal direction, and high surface pressure support performance improves. In addition, since the vertical thickness in the vertical direction of the rubber layer 4 in the vertical direction increases with respect to the thickness of the rubber layer 4 with respect to the normal direction of the inclined surfaces 8a and 11a, that is, the actual thickness, the actual thickness can be reduced. The vertical load absorption and dispersion performance can be improved more than the actual thickness of the layer 4.

  Further, the horizontal components of the load applied to one convex portion 8 and 11 are offset by the opposite components, and the load is reduced, so that the horizontal load support characteristic is improved. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the support device 1 that can support a high load while having a small area in plan view and without a bulky thickness direction, that is, a small size.

  Moreover, according to the support apparatus 1, the side surface of the convex part 8 and the side surface of the convex part 11 which oppose are made parallel. For this reason, the thickness of the rubber layer 4 is made uniform, and the load supporting characteristics can be made uniform. In addition, it is possible to make the side surface of the convex part and the wall surface of the wall part forming the concave part non-parallel so that the load support characteristic is not uniform.

  In addition, in the support apparatus 1, you may employ | adopt the structure which provides the rhombus convex part 8 with respect to the upper collar 2, for example.

  The support device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments and modified examples of the present invention will be described below, but the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts and components as the above-described embodiments, and the description will be omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the support device 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view. As shown in these drawings, in the support device 20 of the present embodiment, the upper collar 2 has a plurality of corrugated convex portions 21 whose wavelength directions coincide with the bridge axis direction, and is formed by these convex portions 21. The recess 22 is provided. The lower rod 3 also has a plurality of corrugated convex portions 23 that have the same shape as the convex portions 21 of the upper collar 2 and the wavelength direction coincides with the bridge axis direction, and are concave portions formed by these convex portions 23. 24.

  Also in this embodiment, the convex portion 21 of the upper collar 2 is arranged and set in the concave portion 24 of the lower collar 3, and the convex portion 23 of the lower collar 3 is arranged and set in the concave portion 22 of the upper collar 2. A rubber layer 4 is interposed between the lower arm 3 and the lower arm 3.

  And the curvature of the convex part 21 provided in the upper collar 2 and the convex part 23 provided in the lower collar 3 is, when viewed from the bridge axis direction, a part of the convex part 21 is arranged adjacent to this. It is set so as to overlap a part of the convex portion 23. That is, in the bearing device 20 of the present embodiment as well, as in the bearing device 1 of the first embodiment, even when viewed from either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane, There is always a region that overlaps the convex portion 21 of the heel 2 and the convex portion 23 of the lower heel 3. For this reason, the relative movement of the upper eyelid 2 and the lower eyelid 3 can be suppressed by the overlapping region. And the resistance force which suppresses the relative movement of the upper eyelid 2 and the lower eyelid 3 is relative to the area of the region where the convex portion 21 of the upper eyelid 2 and the convex portion 23 of the lower eyelid 3 overlap or the opposing surfaces. It is a function of the angle of these surfaces with respect to the angle and displacement direction. For this reason, by adjusting the area, the relative angle of the opposing surfaces, the angle of these surfaces with respect to the displacement direction, etc., the load support characteristics in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, that is, the load support characteristics in the horizontal direction Can be set arbitrarily.

  In addition, the side surface of the convex part 21 and the side surface of the convex part 23 are also inclined surfaces like the support device 1 of the first embodiment. For this reason, the bearing device 20 can disperse the load acting from the vertical direction in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and has high high surface pressure support performance.

  6A and 6B are schematic configuration diagrams of a support device 30 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a plane, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view. As shown in these drawings, in the support device 30 of the present embodiment, the upper collar 2 has a plurality of convex portions 31 having an isosceles triangle shape whose tip is directed in one direction in the bridge axis direction in a plan view shape, and A concave portion 32 formed by these convex portions 31 is provided. Also, the lower rod 3 has the same shape as the convex portion 31 of the upper collar 2 and has a plurality of isosceles triangular convex portions 33 whose tip faces in the other direction of the bridge axis direction, and is formed by these convex portions 33. It has the recessed part 34 made.

  Also in this embodiment, the convex portion 31 of the upper collar 2 is arranged and set in the concave portion 34 of the lower collar 3, and the convex portion 33 of the lower collar 3 is arranged and set in the concave portion 32 of the upper collar 2. A rubber layer 4 is interposed between the lower arm 3 and the lower arm 3.

  And the width of the convex part 31 provided in the upper collar 2 and the convex part 33 provided in the lower collar 3 is such that a part of the convex part 31 is one part of the convex part 33 when viewed from the bridge axis direction. It has been expanded to overlap the part. Further, the length of the convex portion 31 and the convex portion 33 in the bridge axis direction is set to a length that overlaps when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. That is, in the bearing device 30 of the present embodiment as well as the bearing device 1 of the first embodiment, even if viewed from either the x-axis direction or the y-axis direction orthogonal in the horizontal plane, There is always a region that overlaps the convex portion 31 of the heel 2 and the convex portion 33 of the lower heel 3. For this reason, the relative movement of the upper eyelid 2 and the lower eyelid 3 can be suppressed by the overlapping region. And the resistance force which suppresses the relative movement of the upper collar 2 and the lower collar 3 is proportional to the area of the region where the convex portion 31 of the upper collar 2 and the convex portion 33 of the lower collar 3 overlap. For this reason, by adjusting the area, it is possible to arbitrarily set the load support characteristic in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, that is, the load support characteristic in the horizontal direction.

  Moreover, in the support apparatus 30 of a present Example, since the convex part 31 of the upper collar 2 and the convex part 33 of the lower collar 3 each oppose each other, and are comprised by the triangle shape set alternately, a bridge axis Displacement restriction works in one direction in the direction, but displacement restriction does not work in the reverse direction. Therefore, the support device 30 can set the presence or absence of displacement restriction depending on the orientation of the arrangement, or can set the displacement restriction by arranging a plurality of support devices 30 in alternate directions.

  In addition, the side surface of the convex part 31 and the side surface of the convex part 33 are also inclined surfaces like the support device 1 of the first embodiment. For this reason, the bearing device 30 can disperse the load acting from the vertical direction in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and has high high surface pressure support performance.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the support device 1 of the first embodiment, the top portions 8b and 11b and the bottom portions 12b and 9b of the convex portions 8 and 11 and the concave portions 12 and 9 are in an intricate arrangement setting state. You may provide the filling space 15 in which the rubber layer 4 does not exist in the space between. And when providing such filling space 15 and filling the said filling space 15 with the pressurized air as a filler, the height of the upper collar 2 with respect to the lower collar 3 is adjusted with the filling amount of pressurized air, The height and spring constant of the support device 1 can be adjusted.

  As described above, the filler is not limited to pressurized air, but one or more fluids selected from gas, liquid, and gel, an incompressible fluid, a highly viscous fluid, or An antifreeze fluid such as ethylene glycol or an elastic body that is different from or the same type as the rubber layer 4 can be used.

  Further, when filling the filling space 15 with a gas such as air or a fluid such as a filler, it is preferable to seal both ends of the filling space 15 in a sealed state. The filler may be filled before the assembly of the support device 1 or may be filled after the assembly. Setting the filling space in this way is not limited to the case of the first embodiment, but the second embodiment, the third embodiment, or a support device having a configuration that does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Can be set.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the support device 1 of the first embodiment may be provided with a lifting suppression mechanism 16 as a deviation suppression means. The lifting restraining mechanism 16 includes a mandrel 16a provided at the center portion of the lower mandrel 3 so as to protrude toward the upper mandrel 2, a through hole 16b provided on the upper mandrel 2 and penetrating the mandrel 16a toward the substrate 2a, and the substrate 2a. And an enlarged-diameter groove portion 16c having an enlarged diameter communicating with the through hole 16b.

  Further, a diameter-enlarged locking portion 16d that is larger than the outer diameter of the through-hole 16b is connected to the other end of the mandrel 16a that penetrates the through-hole 16b, and the upper collar 2 when the lifting force is applied. And the lower arm 3 are prevented from being separated. The enlarged diameter locking portion 16d is formed to have a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the enlarged diameter groove portion 16c.

  As a coupling structure of the mandrel 16a and the enlarged diameter locking portion 16d, for example, a male screw portion is formed on the other end side of the mandrel 16a, and the enlarged diameter locking portion 16d is constituted by, for example, a female screw portion screwed into the male screw portion of the mandrel 16a. ing. The mandrel 16 a, the enlarged diameter locking portion 16 d provided in the lower rod 3, the through-hole 16 b provided in the upper collar 2, and the enlarged diameter groove portion 16 c constitute the lifting suppression mechanism 16. Instead of the above-described configuration, the upper rod 2 may be provided with a mandrel 16a and a diameter-enlarged locking portion 16d, and the lower rod 3 may be provided with a through-hole 16b and an enlarged-diameter groove portion 16c. In the lifting restraining mechanism 16, the mandrel 16a and the enlarged diameter locking portion 16d constitute an engaging portion, and the through hole 16b and the enlarged diameter groove portion 16c constitute an engaging receiving portion. The engaging portion and the engaging receiving portion are engaged so that the upper rod 2 and the lower rod 3 can rotate in a vertical plane or a horizontal plane.

  In the bearing device 1, the upper rod 2 is allowed to slightly rotate in the horizontal plane with respect to the lower rod 3 by having the above-described configuration. At the same time, an upward lifting force is exerted on the upper rod 2 via the upper plate 6 by the rotational movement caused by the swinging of the bridge girder in the vertical plane, but the upper rod 2 is moved by the enlarged diameter locking portion 16d provided on the mandrel 16a. The support device 1 follows the rotational movement caused by the swing of the bridge girder by preventing the assembled state of the convex portions 8 and 11 and the concave portions 9 and 12 from being separated from the lower rod 3.

  By providing such a lifting restraining mechanism 16, the upper collar 2 of the support device 1 is prevented from being separated from the lower collar 3 and separated even when a rotational movement is generated by the swinging of the bridge girder in the vertical plane. Can follow the bridge.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, a configuration in which the support device 20 of the second embodiment includes a lifting suppression mechanism 16 can also be adopted. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 10, a configuration in which the support device 30 of the third embodiment includes the lifting suppression mechanism 16 may be employed.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, in the support device 1 of the first embodiment, it is possible to fix the sliding plate 17 on the upper surface of the upper collar 2 as a sliding means. The existing support device 1 can be used as a movable support. The sliding plate 17 is made of, for example, PTFE.

  By providing the sliding plate 17, when vibration occurs in the horizontal direction, particularly in the bridge axis direction, the sliding plate 17 slides with respect to the lower surface of the upper plate 6 fixed to the bridge girder, and serves as a movable bearing. And seismic isolation structure can be obtained.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 12, in the support apparatus 1 of a 1st Example, the structure which equips the lower surface of the lower collar 3 with the sliding board 17 is also employable. Of course, the setting of the sliding plate 17 is not limited to the bearing device 1 of the first embodiment, but the bearing device 20 of the second embodiment, the bearing device 30 of the third embodiment, or otherwise deviates from the gist of the present invention. It is possible to set for the bearing device of the structure which does not.

  In the above description, the bridge support device has been described as the support device of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the bridge support device, and is used for vibration control and seismic isolation of various structures. It can be employed as a device.

  It is also possible to turn the support device upside down and use the upper rod 2 as the lower rod and the lower rod 3 as the upper rod.

  Further, the thickness of the rubber layer 4 is not necessarily constant. For example, the rubber layer 4 is set to be thin on the inner peripheral side of the support device and thick on the outer peripheral side, or thick on the inner side of the support device. Can be set to be thin, or can be set to an appropriate thickness depending on the site.

  Further, the filling amount of the filling material and the width of the filling space 15 may be different depending on the filling site, or may be constant. Regarding filling, the filling amount and the width of the filling space can be changed as appropriate, including additional filling and reduction of the prefilled filler.

  Moreover, the shape, arrangement, and number of installation of the convex portions 8, 21, 31 and the convex portions 11, 23, 33 are merely examples, and there are portions that overlap each other when viewed from the bridge axis direction and the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis. Can be set arbitrarily.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,20,30 Bearing apparatus 2 Upper rod 3 Lower rod 4 Rubber layer 8,11,21,23,31,33 Convex part 9,12,22,24,32,34 Concave part 12b Bottom part 15 Filling space 16 Lifting suppression mechanism 16a Mandrel 16b Through-hole 16c Expanded groove 16d Expanded locking part 17 Sliding plate

Claims (21)

A first rigid member having a first protrusion acyclic, and a second rigid member having a recess in which the first protrusion between the second convex portion of the non-cyclic is disposed set, and the first rigid member said A support device in which an elastic body interposed between the second rigid body and the second rigid body is disposed so as to overlap in the support direction,
Wherein even when viewed from the first direction and the direction of either the second direction orthogonal to each other as well as perpendicular to the support direction, the first protrusion may have a region overlapping with the wall portion forming the recess,
The area of the overlapping region is different between the first direction and the second direction . The bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the one or more first convex portions are set in a substantially polygonal shape when viewed from the bearing direction. The substantially polygon formed by one or more of the first protrusions when viewed from the support direction is set to one or more of a substantially triangular shape, a substantially rectangular shape, and a substantially hexagonal shape. 2. The bearing device according to 2. 4. The bearing device according to claim 1 , wherein one or more of the first convex portions are set in a zigzag shape or a waveform when viewed from the bearing direction. 5. 5. The bearing device according to claim 1, wherein one or both of a side surface of the first convex portion and a wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion are inclined surfaces. The bearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a side surface of the opposing first convex portion and a wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion are parallel to each other. Either or both of the side surface of the first convex portion and the wall surface of the wall portion forming the concave portion are a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface, a rough surface, or a combination thereof. The bearing device according to any one of the above. Either or both of the top surface of the first convex portion and the bottom surface of the concave portion are a flat surface, a curved surface, an uneven surface or a rough surface, or a combination thereof. The bearing device described. The support device according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of the first convex portion and the concave portion. 10. The space according to claim 1, wherein a space where the elastic body is not provided is provided between a top portion of the first convex portion and a bottom portion of the concave portion which are arranged in a complicated manner. Bearing device.   The support device according to claim 10, wherein the space is filled with a filler.   The support device according to claim 11, wherein the filler is an elastic body different from the elastic body.   The bearing device according to claim 11, wherein the filler is an incompressible fluid. The bearing device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the filler is pre-filled before the first convex portion and the concave portion are arranged and set in an intricate manner. The support device according to claim 11, wherein the filler is filled after the concave portion and the first convex portion are arranged and set in an intricate manner.   The support device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a deviation suppressing unit that suppresses the first rigid body and the second rigid body from being separated from each other. The divergence suppressing means includes an engagement portion provided on one of the first rigid body and the second rigid body, and an engagement receiving portion provided on the other.
The supporting device according to claim 16, wherein the engaging portion and the engaging receiving portion are rotatably engaged in a plane parallel to the supporting direction.   The support device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein sliding means is provided on an upper surface or a lower surface of the first rigid body or the second rigid body.   The first rigid body is an upper collar fixed to the upper structure, and the second rigid body is a lower collar fixed to the lower structure. Bearing device.   19. The second rigid body is an upper collar fixed to the upper structure, and the first rigid body is a lower collar fixed to the lower structure. Bearing device.   21. The support device according to claim 19, wherein the upper structure is a bridge girder, and the lower structure is a pier or an abutment.

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