JPS58168703A - Elastic support with reduced constant of springiness and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to rubber elastic bearings used for bridges, elevated structures, and other structures, and more particularly to an elastic bearing with a reduced spring constant and a method for manufacturing the same.

In general, elastic bearings, as shown in Figures 1 and 2,
A rubber pad is constructed by integrally bonding thin steel plates to the upper and lower flat surfaces of a single plate-shaped rubber elastic body whose planar shape is approximately square or circular, using vulcanization adhesive, etc., and is stacked in a single layer or in multiple layers between the upper and lower structures. It has the function of escaping relative horizontal displacement and inclination of the upper and lower structures. That is, the relative horizontal displacement of the upper and lower structures is caused by shear deformation of the rubber elastic body, and the inclination (also called rotation) is caused by its compressive strain. The amount of shear deformation of the rubber pad is set at the design allowable limit of about 50%, and in some cases about 70%, of the thickness of the comb elastic body, and the amount of strain due to rotation is the amount of compressive strain y caused by the vertical load applied to the rubber pad. Equal to or less than.

By the way, in recent years, as bridges have become larger, the load of the superstructure acting on one support has become thicker, and the area of the rubber bearings used has gradually increased due to the allowable bearing stress (usually 60 kN/i or less). It tends to become something big.

It's across the street. For this reason, the spring constant of one Compad becomes larger than expected, resulting in extremely poor elasticity.

However, in elastic bearings using rubber pads,
It is necessary that the load of the superstructure is always supported by its entire bearing surface, and appropriate elasticity is required. This is because when the rotational strain of the rubber pad exceeds a predetermined amount of compressive strain, the rubber pad is unable to receive the load of the upper structure on its entire bearing surface, and is supported unevenly, reducing the bearing area and reducing the rubber elasticity. Part of the body experiences surface pressure that exceeds the allowable load,
This is because there is a risk of damage to the elastic body.

Therefore, in a rubber pad that has a certain bearing pressure area, if you want to have a large horizontal displacement or rotational displacement, it is necessary to
A method is used in which multiple rubber pads are stacked one on top of the other. This stack of rubber pads does not require any special means of engagement with each other. Even if the above-mentioned horizontal displacement or rotational displacement occurs, no slipping occurs between the rubber pads (the contact surfaces between the reinforcing steel plates). In other words, the rubber elastic body should be allowed to function within a range that does not cause slippage between the pads.

However, as the number of COMPATs stacked increases, the bearing becomes unstable and buckling is more likely to occur (and the permanent compressive strain becomes harmful, causing a step on the superstructure surface. Furthermore, the overall height of the structure is high, resulting in various disadvantages such as being uneconomical.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional rubber bats described above, the present invention is a novel method that allows the required functions to be exhibited without increasing the number of stacked rubber pads. The technical problem is to obtain a flexible elastic bearing and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention was made by focusing on reducing the spring constant of the elastic bearing per unit thickness.

The elastic bearing of the present invention and its manufacturing method are provided by the following technical means (
configuration).

In other words, the elastic bearing of the present invention consists of: (1) a rubber elastic body with two or more adjacent rubber elastic bodies that maintain a gap having a required interval; and (2) a reinforcing steel plate that is clamped and fixed to the top and bottom of the entire comb elastic body. (2) The rubber elastic bodies are each formed into a planar shape having the same spring constant.

By adopting this configuration, the spring constant per unit thickness of the elastic bearing can be significantly reduced compared to other elastic bearings having the same bearing pressure area.

゛The elastic bearing of the present invention can take the following embodiments.

(2) The void formed by the adjacent rubber elastic bodies has a uniform cross-sectional shape, and has a gap sufficient to allow expansion and deformation due to compression of the rubber elastic bodies.

(2) The void portion is preferably formed into a substantially arcuate shape, taking into consideration the bulging shape of the free side surface of the comb elastic body.

■ Bring the elastic bearing of the present invention into sliding contact with the lower surface of the superstructure. This is a mode applied when the spring constant of the present elastic bearing is sufficiently small and the height is low, and the horizontal displacement of the upper structure cannot be absorbed by the height.

Regarding the elastic bearing of the present invention, it is to be noted that the comb elastic body placed between the reinforcing steel plates is divided into multiple parts so that each of its planar shapes has the same spring constant, and the planar shape of each rubber elastic body is In practice, a square or rectangle is adopted. When the planar shape of the rubber pad is a square, when the comb elastic body is divided into two or three parts, the individual rubber elastic bodies are necessarily rectangular. Furthermore, in the case of four divisions or nine divisions, each rubber elastic body can take either a square shape or a rectangular shape. As long as the bearing area remains unchanged, each rubber elastic body can be multi-divided into squares or rectangles.

In any case, rubber pads with the same planar shape are used singly or stacked, but when used in stacks, the individual com pads must be of the same type, that is, combs with the same split pattern.

There is no need to use one made of elastic material.

For example, you can use a combination of two-part and three-part parts stacked on top of each other. In rubber pads having a square planar shape, the axes of the voids may be stacked with their axes aligned in the same direction, or may be stacked with their axes orthogonal to each other.

Next, the method for manufacturing an elastic bearing with the structure on paper is: 1) Place one reinforcing steel plate in a mold, 2) Place comb elastic molding material on top of it at a predetermined interval, and 3) Fill this gap. (2) Then, the whole is heated for a predetermined period of time to obtain a molded product in which a comb elastic body having a planar shape with an equal spring constant is bonded to a reinforcing steel plate. (2) Next, the other reinforcing steel plate is bonded onto this rubber elastic body using an adhesive.

In this molding method, although the manner in which the upper and lower reinforcing steel plates are connected to the rubber elastic body is different, there is no problem in use.

To obtain elastic bearings with a uniform connection pattern for the upper and lower reinforcing steel plates, proceed as follows. In other words, ■ one reinforcing steel plate is placed in a mold, and ■ bar-shaped steel cores with the same cross-sectional shape are placed on the steel plate at appropriate intervals, and the core and the mold wall or the core and the mold wall and Place a rubber elastic molding material on the reinforcing steel plate in the area defined by the cores, ■ then place the other reinforcing steel plate on the molding material, ■ press the reinforcing steel plate with an upper mold, and ■ then , heat the whole for a predetermined period of time to obtain a molded product with reinforcing steel plates integrally bonded to the upper and lower surfaces.

In this molding method, while the core is heated and pressurized, it is necessary to keep it in contact with the upper and lower reinforcing steel plates so as not to impede the pressure applied to the rubber elastic body.

By sequentially pulling out the rod-shaped cores from the molded product obtained in this way, the comb elastic bodies are divided into multiple planar shapes each having an equal spring constant, and the comb elastic bodies are separated from each other at appropriate intervals. Rubber parallax 1': is obtained.

In this molding method, an embodiment may be adopted in which a non-adhesive plastic coating is provided on the surface of the core in order to facilitate the molding operation, and in particular to facilitate the withdrawal of the core.

Then, a sheath made of a soft synthetic resin having a predetermined cross-sectional shape is fitted onto the surface of the core, and when the core is pulled out, the sheath is left inside the molded product and only the core is pulled out. The molding method constitutes one method of the present invention. Here, examples of the soft plastic include polyester ether, polyurethane, polyolefin (eg, polybutylene), and soft vinyl chloride. In addition, synthetic rubber, which is softer than the comb elastic material used for the rubber pad, can also be used.

These sheaths made of soft plastics (including rubber) need to be thin and do not exert resistance to the bulging deformation of the rubber elastic body.

When fitting into such a sheathed core, it is preferable to apply a lubricant such as oil or wax to the surface of the core in advance.

Next, the elastic bearing of the present invention and its manufacturing method will be explained based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 to 16.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the elastic bearing according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof.

Here, ll is a rubber elastic body, and an example is shown in which two pieces of these have the same bearing area as one piece of rubber elastic body 1 of the conventional rubber elastic bearing shown in Figures 1 and 2. This is an indication. 3
is a gap formed by the free side surface of the rubber elastic body 11 and the upper and lower reinforcing steel plates 2.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view thereof. Here, 12 is a comb elastic body, and this is an example in which three of these comb elastic bodies have the same bearing pressure area as one of the rubber elastic bodies 1 described above. Reference numeral 31 denotes a gap hole portion formed by the free side surface of each rubber elastic body 12 and the upper and lower reinforcing steel plates 2.

Figure 7-1 Figure 8 shows a vertical cross-sectional view and a plan view when it is divided into four parts. 13 is a rubber elastic body, and there are four pieces of this, the same as one piece of comb elastic body l mentioned above. Bearing pressure area′? :
have. 32 is each rubber.

This is a gap formed by the free side surface of the elastic body 13 and the upper and lower reinforcing steel plates 2.

Each of the elastic bearings shown here can be used singly (single layer) or by stacking multiple pieces (multilayer).

Each of the embodiments described above is a case in which each of the rubber elastic bodies 11 and 12, 13 has a planar shape that is similarly reduced to the rubber elastic body 1 shown in FIG. 2 so as to have the same bearing area. Indicated.

For this case, the compression spring constant (tO
n/am) (assuming no division = 100) is as shown in the table below.

From this table, it can be seen that even if the bearing area is the same, as the number of divisions increases, the compression spring constant decreases, and the deformation of the rubber elastic bodies 11, 12, 13 increases with respect to the same compression load. In other words, 2-split, 3-split, and 4-split rubber bearings each have a height of about 1% less than a non-split rubber bearing.
It can be reduced to /2.1/2.5.1/3.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show other embodiments of the cavity. That is, 33 is an arc-shaped cavity, and 34 is a sheath 4.
It is an arc-shaped cavity with a .

FIG. 12 shows a sliding rubber bearing to which the upper reinforcing steel plate 2AK sliding plate 5 of the rubber bearing of the present invention is fixed. The sliding plate 5 is made of stainless steel, a hard chrome plating layer coated on the upper reinforcing steel plate 2A, or tetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE), but the plate surface of the upper reinforcing steel plate 2A is sufficiently smooth and Of course, it can be omitted as long as it is rust-free. Reference numeral 6 is a steel plate that is attached to the lower surface of the superstructure, and 6a is a hole that is used to attach an anchor (not shown), and the steel plate 6 and the slide comb support slide through the slide plate 5. By this, the movement of the superstructure (
This is mainly to release the movement of the bridge in the axial direction due to temperature changes.

FIGS. 13 and 14 are embodiment views showing how a two-part rubber pad is formed, and are shown in a partially longitudinal sectional view and partially in a cross-sectional plan view, respectively. FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are embodiment views showing how the rubber pad is formed into four parts, and are shown with a partial vertical sectional view and a -S cross-sectional plan view, respectively. In these figures, 7 is a mold, 71 is a lower mold, 72 is an upper mold,
And 81, 82, 83 indicate the core.

The core 82 is divided into two parts, the core 82 is used in combination with a core 83, and the core 82 is removed from the molded product after molding is completed.
2 is pulled out, and then the core 83 is pulled out.

In these molding methods, when a core with a bulging arcuate cross section is used, the cavity 33 shown in FIG. 9 is obtained, and when the sheath 4 is fitted over the core and used, the cavity 33 shown in FIG. 10 is obtained. This results in a void 34 shown in FIG.

The present invention has the following unique effects.

■ Compared to conventional elastic bearings with the same bearing area, this elastic bearing can significantly reduce the spring constant, reduce the bearing height, and is not only economical (but also prevents buckling, etc.). Difficult to wake up (・.

■ By using planar rubber elastic bodies each having the same spring constant, this elastic bearing is made of standardized rubber elastic bodies, which makes it easy to design and has high properties.

■ According to the present method for manufacturing elastic bearings, since vulcanization molding is used, the elastic bearings can be molded reliably and a strong product can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional rubber bearing, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIGS. 3 to 16 are illustrations of embodiments of the present invention. 4 is a plan view thereof, FIGS. 5 and 6 are vertical sectional views and plan views of other embodiments of the elastic bearing of the present invention, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are views of the elastic bearing of the present invention. 9 to 11 are longitudinal sectional views showing other aspects of the cavity, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an aspect of the sliding rubber support.
Figure 13 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the method for manufacturing an elastic bearing of the present invention, Figure 14 is a partial cross-sectional plan view thereof, and Figure 14 is a partial cross-sectional plan view thereof.
FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a method of manufacturing an elastic bearing according to another embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional plan view thereof. 11.12.13...Rubber elastic body, 2...
...Reinforcement steel plate, 2A...Top reinforcement steel plate, 2B.
...Lower reinforcing steel plate, 3, 31, 32...
void, 4... sheath, 7... mold,
72... Upper mold, 81, 82.83...
Middle child. Patent applicant Japanese National Railway Oiles Industry Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Hitoshi Ikeda 32 4/64 Figure 12B Figure 152 Figure 14

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Empty part (31, (3υ, (32
) with two or more adjacent comb elastic bodies (11). (12), (13) and reinforcing steel plates (
an elastic bearing, characterized in that the rubber elastic bodies (11), (12), and (13) are individually formed into a planar shape with equal spring constants. 2. Place one reinforcing steel plate (2) into a mold (7), place two or more rubber elastic molding materials on top of the reinforcing steel plate (2) at appropriate intervals, and form convex strips to fill the gaps. The upper mold (72)' provided above is pressed and then the entire body is heated for a predetermined period of time to form a rubber elastic body Q1), (t2) having a planar shape with an equal spring constant on the reinforcing steel plate.
, (13) are bonded at a predetermined interval, and then the other reinforcing steel plate (2) is bonded onto the rubber elastic body. 3. Place one piece of reinforcing steel plate (Tao) into the mold (7) and press the steel plate (
2) Place a rod-shaped core with the same cross-sectional shape on top (8υ, (82)
. (83) are placed at appropriate intervals, a rubber elastic molding material is placed on the reinforcing steel plate in the area defined by the core and the mold wall, or the core and the mold wall, and the cores, and then the rubber elastic molding material is placed on the molding material. Place the other reinforcing steel plate (2) on the reinforcing steel plate, and place the upper die (7) on top of the reinforcing steel plate.
(2) and heat the entire body for a predetermined time to form rubber elastic bodies (11) and (12). After obtaining a molded product in which the reinforcing steel plate (2) is integrally joined to the upper and lower surfaces of (13), the rod-shaped core is pulled out from the molded product thus obtained, so that the rubber elastic bodies each have an equal spring constant. 1. A method of manufacturing an elastic bearing, characterized in that the elastic bearing is multi-divided into a planar shape, and adjacent rubber elastic bodies are arranged at predetermined intervals. 4. Place one piece of reinforcing steel plate (2) into the mold (η) and press the steel plate (
2) A core (s t), (s 2) on which a sheath (4) made of soft plastic with the same cross-sectional shape is fitted.
, (s3) are arranged at appropriate intervals, and a rubber elastic molding material is placed on the reinforcing steel plate in the area defined by the core and the mold wall, or the core and the mold wall, and the cores. Place the other reinforcing steel plate on the molding material, and insert the upper die (7) from above the reinforcing steel plate.
2) After pressing with 'f and heating the whole for a predetermined time to obtain a molded product with reinforcing steel plates integrally bonded to the upper and lower surfaces,
From the molded product thus obtained, a sheath (4
), the cores (81), (82), and (8B) are pulled out, and the comb elastic body is divided into multiple planar shapes each having the same spring constant, and adjacent comb elastic bodies are separated from each other by the sheath. A method for manufacturing an elastic bearing, characterized in that the elastic bearing is arranged with an appropriate space between the elastic bearings.