JP5186589B1 - Bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

A function can be easily restored.
An upper rod 11, a lower rod 12, an elastic body 13 disposed between the upper rod 11 and the lower rod 12, and a restraining body 16 surrounding the elastic body 13. The restraining body 16 is fixed to the upper collar 11 by a fixing bolt 17. The restraint 16 is formed with a screw hole 17d for tightening the screw portion 17e of the fixing bolt 17 and a spare screw hole 26, and the upper collar 11 is formed with a through hole 17b corresponding to the screw hole 17d. The restraint body 16 is fixed to the upper collar 11 by the screw portion 17e of the fixing bolt 17 being inserted into the through hole 17b and tightened into the screw hole 17d. When the fixing bolt 17 is broken, the function of the restraining body 16 is restored by inserting a new fixing bolt 17 into the through hole 17b and tightening it in the spare screw hole 26.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a support device for supporting various structures such as buildings and bridges.

  2. Description of the Related Art A bearing device for a structure such as a building or a bridge includes a rubber bearing in which rubber plates and iron plates are alternately stacked and bonded together by vulcanization bonding (see Patent Document 1). In the rubber bearing, by constraining the displacement of the rubber, a device for improving the vertical spring rigidity and a device for improving the rotation follow-up performance are made. For example, in rubber bearings, rubber plates and iron plates are alternately laminated and vulcanized and bonded to reduce the fluidity of rubber and increase the rigidity of the vertical spring.

  Also, in the sealed rubber bearing, the rubber plate is placed in the metal pot that serves as the lower shell, and the piston-shaped upper flange is placed on the rubber plate so that the rubber plate behaves in an incompressible fluid. It is comprised so that rotation tracking performance may be acquired by being restrained (refer patent document 2). This sealed rubber bearing is treated as a metal bearing because it does not have vertical flexibility.

  Furthermore, in so-called compact bearings, in order to support a large vertical load, a concave portion is provided on each of the opposing surfaces of the upper and lower collars, and a rubber layer is disposed in each concave portion. Is prevented from bulging outward in the radial direction due to bending deformation, thereby improving the vertical spring rigidity (see Patent Document 3).

JP 2000-1820 A JP 2000-178922 A JP 2009-13773 A

  The above bearing device has an input greater than a predetermined value set in advance in a large-scale earthquake, etc., and the upper and lower armpits are relatively large and displaced in the vertical upward direction and / or horizontal direction, If a strength member such as the upper or lower eyelid is damaged, it must be replaced immediately. When repeated aftershocks occur, the bearing device with the damaged strength member may not be able to exhibit its original bearing performance.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the support apparatus which can restore | restore the function easily.

  The bearing device according to the present invention includes a first rigid body, a second rigid body, an elastic body disposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body, and a constraint surrounding the elastic body. With body. The restraint body is fixed to either the first rigid body or the second rigid body by a fixing bolt having a screw portion substantially parallel to the vertical displacement direction. Either the restraint body or the rigid body to which the restraint body is fixed is formed with a screw hole for fastening the screw portion of the fixing bolt and a spare screw hole, and the screw portion of the fixing bolt is inserted into the other. A through hole corresponding to the screw hole to be formed is formed.

  The restraining body is fixed to the rigid body by screwing a screw portion of the fixing bolt into the through hole and tightening the screw into the screw hole. When the fixing bolt breaks, the restraining body is fixed to the rigid body by screwing a new threaded portion of the fixing bolt into the through hole and tightening it in the preliminary screw hole.

  That is, when the fixing portion of the restraining body and the rigid body to which the restraining body is fixed, that is, when the fixing bolt is broken, the restraining body falls by gravity in the direction of the other rigid body, and approaches and / or hits. Touch. As a result, the gap between the restraint body and the other rigid body that was present before the fixing bolt was broken narrowed or disappeared, and the bearing device was damaged by determining the presence and size of this gap. It can be determined whether or not. In the broken bearing device, the screw hole cannot be used because the broken fixing bolt remains. Therefore, at the time of recovery, the dropped restraint body is lifted, and at this time, the spare screw hole and the through hole are aligned, and the restraint body is fixed to one rigid body with a new fixing bolt. Thereby, the said support apparatus can restore the function.

  Here, when the screw hole and the preliminary screw hole are formed in the restraint body, the through hole is formed in a rigid body to which the restraint body is fixed. At this time, the preliminary screw hole is preferably formed between the screw holes.

  Moreover, when the said screw hole and the said preliminary | backup screw hole are formed in the rigid body to which the said restraint body is fixed, the said through-hole will be formed in the said restraint body. At this time, it is preferable that the restraint body has a flange portion formed at an end portion on a rigid body side to which the restraint body is fixed, and the through hole is formed in the flange portion. Moreover, it is preferable that the said restraint body has a flange board fixed to the edge part by the side of the rigid body to which the said restraint body is fixed, and the said through-hole is formed in the said flange board. Also in this case, it is preferable that the preliminary screw hole is formed between the screw holes.

  In the support device, a convex portion or a concave portion may be provided on a side surface of the elastic body. In such a support device, when a predetermined amount or more is input, the elastic body is elastically deformed, and the elastically deformed side surface of the elastic body is in contact with and / or pressed against the restraining body, so that the deformation of the elastic body is restrained. Is done. The elastic body is surrounded by the first rigid body, the second rigid body, and the restraining body to be in a semi-sealed state, and as the load on the elastic body increases, a more advanced sealed state is achieved. Change.

  In the present invention, when the fixing portion of the restraining body and the rigid body, that is, the fixing bolt, is broken, the restraining body falls by gravity in the direction of the other rigid body and approaches and / or contacts. In a broken bearing device, the screw holes remain broken and cannot be used. Therefore, at the time of recovery, the dropped restraint body is lifted, the preliminary screw hole and the through hole are aligned, and the restraint body is fixed to one rigid body with a new fixing bolt. Thereby, the said support apparatus can restore the function easily. That is, in the present invention, unless the restraint body or the rigid body to which the restraint body is coupled is greatly damaged, the restraint body is replaced with a new fixing bolt without changing the parts of the restraint body or the rigid body. Can be repaired by tightening in the spare screw hole. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the work efficiency of restoration and reduce the cost of repair.

It is sectional drawing which shows the normal use condition of the support apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view of the elastic body which provided the convex part and the recessed part in the circumference direction of the side surface. It is a perspective view of the elastic body which provided the convex part and the recessed part in the height direction of the side surface. It is a perspective view of the elastic body which has not provided the convex part and the recessed part in the side surface. It is a disassembled perspective view of a support apparatus. It is a characteristic graph which shows the relationship between the amount of displacements of a perpendicular direction, and a vertical load. It is sectional drawing of the state which applied the big lifting force and horizontal force which a fixing bolt fractures | ruptures, and was damaged. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the through-hole of an upper collar, the screw hole of a restraint body, and a reserve screw hole, (A) shows a position when a fixing bolt is fastened by the screw hole, (B) is a fixing bolt. Indicates the position when it is tightened in the spare screw hole. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the state which fastens a fixing bolt to a reserve screw hole. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a support device that is a modification of the support device, in which a flange portion is formed on the restraint body, and the restraint body is coupled to the upper collar with a fixing bolt from the lower side. It is a disassembled perspective view of the support apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing when big lifting force and horizontal force which a fixing bolt fractures | ruptures are added to the support apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the screw hole and spare screw hole of an upper collar, and the through-hole of a restraint body, (A) shows a position when a fixing bolt is fastened by the screw hole, (B) is a fixing bolt Indicates the position when it is tightened in the spare screw hole. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the fixing bolt is tightened in the upper screw spare screw hole in the support device of FIG. 10. FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of a support device that is a modification of the support device shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 and that includes a restraint body and a flange plate as separate members. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the support apparatus which couple | bonds a restraint body to an upper collar from the upper side with a fixing bolt, and couple | bonds a restraint body to an upper collar with a fixing bolt from the lower side at the time of repair. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a large lifting force or a horizontal force such that the fixing bolt is broken is applied to the support device shown in FIG. 17 and is damaged. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the support device shown in FIG. 17 in a state where a fixing bolt is tightened in a preliminary screw hole of the upper collar.

  Hereinafter, a bearing device to which an elastic body constraint degree variable structure according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the support device will be described in the following order.

1. 1. Explanation of bearing device 2. Explanation of elastic body and restraint body 3. Explanation of operation of bearing device 4. Description of Modification 1 of the bearing device 5. Description of Modification 2 of Bearing Device 6. Description of Modification 3 of the bearing device Other variations

[1. Description of bearing device]
As shown in FIG. 1, a bearing device 10 is mounted between an upper structure 1 such as a bridge girder and a lower structure 2 such as a bridge pier or an abutment to support various loads such as a horizontal load, a vertical load, and a rotational load. At the same time, it is a bridge support device that supports and absorbs and disperses vibrations, vibrations and stresses caused by earthquakes, winds, dynamic or static traffic loads, and the like. In the support device 10, an elastic body 13 serving as a support body is interposed between an upper collar 11 serving as a first rigid body and a lower collar 12 serving as a second rigid body. The elastic body 13 is surrounded by a restraining body 16 fixed to the upper collar 11 or the lower collar 12 (here, the upper collar 11).

  The upper arm 11 is preferably made of a rigid material such as metal, ceramics, or a hard resin or a reinforced resin such as FRP, but is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can also be configured by a material combining the above. The upper collar 11 made of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval diameter, or a substantially elliptical shape in plan view. It is advantageous in terms of replacement from the top or construction. Note that the upper collar 11 may be configured so that the outer surface is entirely covered with a coating layer such as an elastic body to obtain weather resistance and a rust prevention effect.

  As a means for fixing the upper collar 11 to the upper structure 1, the upper collar 11 may be directly fixed to the upper structure 1 by using fastening means such as bolts and nuts. The upper plate 11 is indirectly fixed to the upper structure 1 using the upper plate 3 having a plate shape larger than 11. The method for fixing the upper collar 11 to the upper structure 1 is not limited to these examples.

  When used as a movable bearing device, a sliding member 4 is disposed above the upper collar 11, for example, between the upper collar 11 and the upper plate 3, so that the upper structure 1 and the bearing apparatus 10 are relative to each other. You may fix so that displacement is possible. As the sliding member 4, for example, a plate having a surface with a low coefficient of friction such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is a kind of fluorocarbon resin is fixed to the upper surface of the upper collar 11, or It can be configured by being fixed to the upper structure 1 or the lower surface on the attachment means side fixed to the upper structure 1.

  The lower arm 12 is preferably composed of a rigid material such as metal, ceramics, or a reinforced resin such as a hard resin or FRP, but is not necessarily limited to a rigid material. It can also be constituted by a material combining a rigid material and an elastic material. The lower bar 12 made of various materials can be set to an appropriate shape such as a substantially polygonal shape, a substantially circular shape, a substantially oval shape, or a substantially oval shape in plan view. It is advantageous in terms of construction and replacement. The planar shape or the like of the lower eyelid 12 does not necessarily match the upper eyelid 11, but the size of each part, the shape and position of the convex portion and the recessed portion, etc. match the setting of the lower eyelid 12 and the setting of the upper eyelid 11. It is necessary to let In addition, the lower collar 12 can also be comprised so that a weather resistance and a rust prevention effect may be acquired by covering the outer surface entirely with a coating layer such as an elastic body.

  As a means for fixing the lower rod 12 to the lower structure 2, the lower rod 12 may be directly fixed to the lower structure 2 using fastening means such as bolts and nuts. A lower plate 12 is indirectly fixed to the lower structure 2 using a lower plate 5 having a plate shape larger than 12. The method for fixing the lower rod 12 to the lower structure 2 is not limited to these examples.

  When used as a movable bearing device, a sliding member 6 is disposed below the lower rod 12, for example, between the lower plate 5 and the lower rod 12, so that the lower structure 2 and the bearing device 10 are relative to each other. You may fix so that displacement is possible. As the sliding member 6, for example, a plate having a low coefficient of friction surface such as PTFE is fixed to the lower surface of the lower rod 12, or the lower structure 2 or the lower structure 2 is fixed. It is possible to fix to the upper surface on the means side.

  The direct or indirect fixing of the upper rod 11 and the lower rod 12 is preferably a detachable method, and fastening with bolts, nuts, etc. is an example.

[2. Explanation of elastic body and restraint body]
The elastic body 13 used here is, for example, an elastic body having a laminated structure in which an elastic layer 13a and a reinforcing plate 13b are laminated. The elastic body 13 is provided with a reinforcing plate 13b, a plurality of elastic layers 13a, and the reinforcing plate 13b and the elastic layer 13a are bonded to each other by vulcanization bonding. In addition, the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic body 13 are reinforced by vulcanizing and bonding the upper plate 13c and the lower plate 13d.

  Here, as the elastic layer 13a, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomer or thermosetting elastomer can be used, and among these, natural rubber is preferably used as a main component. Specific elastomer components include, for example, natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber ( IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (brominated, chlorinated, etc.), acrylic rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluorinated rubber, polysulfide rubber, hyperon, ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene series Elastomer, urethane elastomer, polyolefin elastomer, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), epoxidized natural rubber, trans-polyisoprene, norbornene Ring polymer (polynorbornene), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), high styrene resin, a rubber such as isoprene rubber alone, or may be used in combination of two or more. The reinforcing plate 13b, the upper plate 13c, and the lower plate 13d are made of a rigid steel material such as an iron plate. In the laminated elastic body 13 as described above, when a load is applied, the side surface of the elastic layer 13a between the reinforcing plates 13b, which are free side surfaces, slightly bulges laterally depending on the magnitude of the load. Have the following characteristics:

  A convex portion 14 and a concave portion 15 are provided around the elastic body 13 in the circumferential direction. In the example of FIG. 1, the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are provided in parallel to each other and continuously in the circumferential direction. Of course, the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 may be provided intermittently in the circumferential direction. In particular, in the elastic body 13, the convex part 14 is provided in the side surface of the elastic layer 13a used as a free side surface, and the recessed part 15 is provided in the position of the reinforcement board 13b. Of course, conversely, the concave portion 15 may be provided at the position of the elastic layer 13a, and the convex portion 14 may be provided at the position of the reinforcing plate 13b.

  The elastic body 13 as described above is disposed and supported by the large-diameter portion 22 of the core member 21 fixed to the lower collar 12. The elastic body 13 may be bonded to the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 to increase the bearing pressure. However, by not bonding, the elastic follower 13 can also achieve good rotation followability.

  In the above example, the case where the elastic body 13 is a laminated type has been described. However, the elastic body 13 according to the present invention has a convex portion 14 and a concave portion 15 as shown in FIG. There may be one (single layer) elastic layer that is not provided with a rigid reinforcing plate 13b such as an iron plate. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, as the elastic body 13, you may provide the convex part 14 and the recessed part 15 in the height (thickness) direction. In the example of FIG. 3, the elastic layer may be a single layer, but may be a laminated type having a reinforcing plate as in the example of FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the elastic body which does not have the convex part 14 or the recessed part 15 on the side surface may be sufficient. Also in this case, the elastic body 13 may be a single layer elastic layer, or may be a laminated type having a reinforcing plate 13b. The size of the elastic body 13 in FIGS. 1 to 4 may be a size that fits into the restraining body 16 when inserted into the restraining body 16, but in consideration of assemblability, it is slightly reduced. A gap may be provided between the restraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13. In the following description, a laminated elastic body having the convex portions 14 and the concave portions 15 shown in FIG. 1 will be described as an example.

  The elastic body 13 configured as described above is surrounded by a restraining body 16 as shown in FIG. The restraining body 16 is a cylindrical body having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the elastic body 13, and is fixed to either the upper collar 11 or the lower collar 12, or the outer periphery of the upper collar 11 in FIG. 1. For example, the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 are coupled by a fixing bolt 17 that is a fastening member constituting the fixing portion, and the restraining body 16 is fixed from the direction of the vertical displacement of the elastic body 13, that is, from above. Yes. Specifically, a bolt recess 17a is formed in the thickness direction in the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface of the upper collar 11, and a through hole 17b is formed in the bottom thereof, and a bolt seat portion 17c is formed around the through hole 17b. Is formed. Further, a screw hole 17d corresponding to the through hole 17b is formed on the upper end surface of the restraining body 16. That is, the screw part 17e in the bolt shaft part is screwed in parallel with the core member 21 from the upper side (in the direction of vertical displacement). The bolt head 17 f of the fixing bolt 17 is accommodated without protruding from the bolt recess 17 a so that it does not hit the upper structure 1 or the upper plate 3. The fixing bolt 17 has such a strength that the threaded portion 17e is broken before other members are damaged when an excessive lifting force or horizontal force is applied.

  Further, a core material 21 is fixed to the lower rod 12 to form an uplift prevention portion and a horizontal displacement prevention portion. Specifically, the core material 21 has a lower end fixed to the lower collar 12 serving as a base plate. The core member 21 is made of a metallic bolt-shaped member having a head portion that becomes the large-diameter portion 22, and the large-diameter portion 22 that is the tip portion is disposed in the restraining body 16 so that the elastic body 13 is almost sealed. It functions like a piston that restrains and increases bearing pressure. The core material 21 is fixed by being screwed into the screw hole 23 of the lower collar 12. The structure for fixing the core material 21 to the lower collar 12 is not limited to this. For example, a fixing bolt inserted from the lower surface of the lower collar 12 is screwed into the screw hole of the core material 21 and fixed. You may make it do. In addition, the bonding strength between the core member 21 and the lower rod 12 is higher than the bonding force between the upper rod 11 and the restraining body 16 described above, and when a high lifting force or horizontal force exceeding the normal use range is applied, Prior to the fixing bolt 17, the fixing portion between the core member 21 and the lower collar 12 is not damaged. The large-diameter portion 22 may also be fixed by, for example, screwing a screw portion provided at the tip of the core material 21 into a screw hole of the large-diameter portion of another member.

  The large-diameter portion 22 integrated with the core member 21 engages with the rising prevention piece 25 of the restraining body 16 whose lower surface of the outer peripheral portion is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the upper collar 11 by a fixing member 24 such as a screw. The fixing member 24 is also configured so that the bolt head is contained in the bolt recess 24a of the lower rod 12 and does not protrude toward the lower rod 12 side. The large-diameter portion 22 of the core material 21 integrated with the lower rod 12 serves as a lifting prevention portion, and when the lifting force is applied to the upper collar 11, the lifting prevention piece 25 on the upper collar 11 side is locked. It prevents that upper arm 11 and lower arm 12 diverge. That is, the large-diameter portion 22 of the core material 21 is disposed in the restraining body 16, thereby allowing the elastic body 13 to be displaced in the vertical direction and serving as a horizontal displacement preventing portion. Regulate horizontal displacement. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12 from being relatively displaced in the horizontal direction. Further, a gap 19 is provided between the lifting prevention piece 25 and the lower rod 12, and when the upper rod 11 moves to the lower rod 12 side by being displaced vertically downward, the lifting prevention piece 25 is It does not hit the lower arm 12. The lifting prevention piece 25 may be fixed to the restraint 16 by welding or the like. Further, the binding strength between the restraining body 16 and the lifting prevention piece 25 by the fixing member 24 is higher than the above-described binding force between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16, and a high load exceeding the normal usage range is applied. In this case, the fixing portion between the restraining body 16 and the lifting prevention piece 25 is prevented from being damaged before the fixing bolt 17.

  That is, the support device 10 is provided with a large-diameter portion 22 that supports the elastic body 13 in the restraint body 16 so that the lower collar 12 is disposed between the upper collar 11 and the lower collar 12. The function of suppressing shear deformation of the body 13 and the role of a piston that restrains the elastic body 13 in a substantially sealed state to increase the bearing pressure are realized. Thus, the elastic body 13 supported by the lower collar 12 is surrounded by the upper collar 11 on the upper surface and the restraining body 16 on the side surface, and is disposed in a semi-sealed space. The bearing device 10 is a semi-sealed rubber bearing, and can support a high load with a small bearing area.

  The assembly method of the support device 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the core material 21 is inserted into the restraining body 16, and the core material 21 is fixed to the screw hole 23 of the lower collar 12. As a result, a pot portion for accommodating the elastic body 13 is formed in the restraining body 16 by the large diameter portion 22. Thereafter, the elastic body 13 is disposed on the large-diameter portion 22 of the core member 21 in the pot portion.

  Here, the fixing structure of the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 will be described. The upper collar 11 penetrates in the thickness direction at a position corresponding to the upper end surface of the restraining body 16 that is a cylindrical body, and is fixed to the fixing bolt. A through-hole 17b through which 17 is inserted is formed. Specifically, a plurality of through holes 17b are formed in an annular shape corresponding to the position where the upper end surface of the restraining body 16 abuts. A screw hole 17 d into which the screw portion 17 e of the fixing bolt 17 is screwed is formed in an annular shape on the upper end surface of the restraining body 16. Further, a preliminary screw hole 26 is formed between the screw holes 17 d on the upper end surface of the restraining body 16. The spare screw holes 26 are the same as the screw holes 17d, and are formed between the screw holes 17d so as to have the same number as the screw holes 17d.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the upper collar 11 is disposed on the upper end surface of the restraint body 16, and the upper collar 11 and the restraint body 16 are aligned with the axes of the through hole 17 b and the screw hole 17 d, and the through hole 17 b The screw portion 17e is inserted into the screw hole 17d, and the screw portion 17e is tightened into the screw hole 17d. Of course, the assembly method of the support device 10 is not limited to the above example. A sliding means 18 is provided between the elastic body 13 and the restraining body 16 so that the elastic body 13 can be smoothly displaced vertically within the restraining body 16 with low friction. Further, in order to reduce the frictional force, a lubricant may be applied, the constraining surface 16a of the constraining body 16 is mirror-finished to reduce friction, or in combination with a lubricant, a predetermined amount or more. When there is an input and the fixing bolt 17 that fixes the restraining body 16 to the upper collar 11 is broken, the restraining body 16 is easily moved in the vertical direction with respect to the elastic body 13. May be.

  Here, the size relationship between the elastic body 13 and the restraint body 16 will be described. In the example of FIG. 1, the support device 10 is installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, and On the other hand, in a state in which the elastic body 13 is deformed by the load of the upper structure 1 (for example, a state in which a dead load is applied), the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is the restraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the restraining body 16. It is in the state which contact | abutted. That is, before being installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is not in contact with the restraining surface 16 a on the inner peripheral surface of the restraining body 16. Thus, when the gap is provided, and is installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is caused by the dead load of the upper structure 1. It will be in the state contact | abutted to the restraint surface 16a of the internal peripheral surface of the restraint body 16. FIG. When the dead load is loaded, when the convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is not in contact with the restraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the restraining body 16, for example, when there is a live load due to a traffic load such as a large vehicle, The convex portion 14 on the side surface of the elastic body 13 is in contact with the constraining surface 16a on the inner peripheral surface of the constraining body 16, and the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are bulged and deformed by the input of a further high load. May be pressed. As shown in FIG. 3, when there are convex portions 14 and concave portions 15 in the height direction on the side surface of the elastic body 13, the elastic body 13 can be easily stored in the pot portion in the restraining body 16.

[3. Explanation of operation of bearing device]
In the support device 10 as described above, when installed between the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2, as shown in FIG. 1, the elastic body 13 has a load in a normal use range (for example, dead load or (Dead load + live load during vehicle travel) is compressed, and the convex portion 14 of the elastic body 13 is positioned close to or in contact with the restraining surface 16a of the restraining body 16 surrounding the elastic body 13. In the support device 10, the elastic body 13 is elastically deformed according to the magnitude of the vertical load, and the elastic body 13 is deformed so that the convex portion 14 on the side surface fills the gap formed by the concave portion 15. Is pressed against the constraining surface 16a. That is, the displacement amount of the elastic body 13 is limited by the restraining body 16.

  Furthermore, the relationship between the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 of the elastic body 13 and the constraining surface 16a of the constraining body 16 will be described. In the laminated elastic body 13, the convex portion 14 is provided at the position of the elastic layer 13a on the free side surface. A recess 15 is provided at the position of the reinforcing plate 13b. In this case, the convex portion 14 is strongly pressed against the restraining surface 16a of the restraining body 16 before the concave portion 15 by the free side surface of the elastic layer 13a bulging when a load is applied. In the laminated elastic body 13, the convex portion 14 is provided on the elastic layer 13 a at the position between the reinforcing plates having the largest bulging amount in the past, and the bulging amount around the convex portion 14 by the restraining surface 16 a of the restraining body 16. Therefore, even when a high load is input, local stress on the elastic layer 13a around the internal reinforcing plate 13b is relieved. In addition, the internal reinforcing plate 13b is not easily crushed by a high load, the reinforcing plate 13b can be thinned, and the entire support device 10 can be thinned. The position of the reinforcing plate 13b may be the convex portion 14 and the position of the elastic layer 13a may be the concave portion 15. In this case, since the free side surface of the elastic layer 13a which is a concave portion slightly bulges, the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are in contact with the constraining surface 16a of the constraining body 16 in the same manner and are evenly pressed. You can make it.

  The support device 10 has the large-diameter portion 22 of the core member 21 that supports the elastic body 13 disposed inside the restraining body 16, so that the large-diameter portion 22 has the lower collar 12 and the upper collar 11. The function of suppressing the shear deformation of the elastic body 13 disposed between the flanges 12 and the role of a piston that restrains the elastic body 13 in a substantially sealed state to increase the bearing pressure are realized. Thus, the elastic body 13 supported by the lower rod 12 is surrounded by the upper rod 11 on the upper surface and the restraint body 16 on the side surface, and is disposed in a semi-sealed space, becomes a semi-sealed rubber bearing, and is small. It becomes possible to support a high load in the bearing area.

  In addition, when the rotational force is applied in the vertical plane from the low load to the high load, the elastic body 13 is supported by the gap between the convex portion 14 or the concave portion 15 while the elastic body 13 is partially supported by the restraining body 16. It can be deformed and can achieve good rotation follow-up without an extreme load on the elastic body.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the amount of vertical displacement and the vertical load.
Line A ... General laminated rubber bearings The rubber bearings here are elastic rubber laminated rubber bearings, and a horizontal force distribution type rubber bearing or seismic isolation bearing with multiple steel plates inside. This is not a sealed rubber bearing, but a bearing in which displacement when a load is applied is not constrained.
Line B: The outer shape of the elastic body 13 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the restraining body 16 (the inner diameter of the pot portion), the convex portions 14 and the concave portions 15 are formed larger, and the restraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13 The characteristics when the gap between them is increased are shown. (Large gap)
Line C: Characteristic when the gap between the restraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13 is made smaller than that of the line B. (In the gap)
Line D: shows characteristics when the gap between the restraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13 is minimized. (Small gap)
Line E: A sealed rubber bearing that does not provide a gap between the restraining surface 16a and the side surface of the elastic body 13. Although it has a rotation follow-up performance, it has almost no elastic displacement in the vertical direction and is handled as a metal bearing.

  In the present invention, any support device for line AE can be applied.

  In the rubber bearing shown by the line A in FIG. 6, as the vertical load increases, the amount of vertical displacement increases substantially proportionally, and the slope (constraint or spring constant) of the graph is substantially constant. According to the example of the line BD in which the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are provided on the side surface of the elastic body 13, the amount of vertical displacement increases as the vertical load increases, but the characteristics are nonlinear. That is, the slope (constraint degree or spring constant) of the graph representing the magnitude of the vertical load reaction force with respect to the vertical displacement increases as the vertical displacement or the spring increases. Thus, when the convex part 14 and the recessed part 15 are provided in the side surface of the elastic body 13, it changes to a more advanced sealed state and the increase amount of a vertical displacement amount becomes small, so that a big load is input. The upper structure 1 can be supported by characteristics, that is, the degree of restraint is variable. In other words, the bearing device 10 can support a high load while having appropriate vertical flexibility. Moreover, when the example of line BD is seen, the gentle range (primary gradient) of the inclination of the graph showing the magnitude | size of the vertical load reaction force with respect to a vertical displacement can be set narrowly, so that a clearance gap is small. That is, the vertical displacement is reduced. Furthermore, in the sealed rubber bearing of line E, there is almost no elastic displacement in the vertical direction.

  In particular, according to the example of the line BD in which the convex portion 14 and the concave portion 15 are provided on the side surface of the elastic body 13, when a high load is applied, the vertical flexible displacement becomes small and behaves like a sealed rubber bearing. Therefore, in the example of the line BD, the range of use of the line BD is set according to the type and application of the superstructure 1 to be supported. For example, when a live load is added to a dead load, it is included in the region of the steep slope range (secondary slope) of the graph, so that vibration and noise when passing through the vehicle can be reduced. In addition, since there is vertical deflection at low load, the bearing device of line BD can be handled as belonging to the elastic bearing device.

  Next, a case where a high load (for example, a live load at the time of occurrence of a large earthquake) exceeding a normal use range that damages the support device 10 is applied will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in the case where a large horizontal force or lifting force that causes damage to the support device 10 is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the bonding strength between the core member 21 and the lower collar 12 is higher than the coupling force between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 described above, and the restraining body 16 and the lifting prevention by the fixing member 24 are prevented. The coupling strength with the piece 25 is also higher than the coupling strength between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 described above. For this reason, when the lifting force and the horizontal force exceeding the normal use range in which the supporting device 10 is damaged are applied to the supporting device 10, the screw portion 17e is broken before the other members are damaged. Then, the restraining body 16 falls on the lower eyelid 12 from the upper eyelid 11 side, and approaches and / or contacts. As a result, the gap 19 between the lifting prevention piece 25 and the lower rod 12 before breakage becomes narrower or disappears when the restraint body 16 drops, and instead, the gap between the upper rod 11 and the restraint body 16 is reduced. 20 is generated. Therefore, the operator can determine whether the gaps 19 and 20 are between the restraint 16 and the lower rod 12, or between the restraint 16 and the upper rod 11, or to what extent there is a gap. When there is a gap 20 on the upper collar 11 side, it can be determined that the support device 10 is damaged. Even if the restraining body 16 falls on the lower rod 12, the elastic body 13 supported by the core member 21 can continue to support the upper rod 11.

  As described above, the support device 10 is supported by the core member 21 even when the lifting force or horizontal force exceeding the normal use range is applied and the connection between the upper collar 11 and the restraint 16 is broken. The elastic body 13 can continue to support the upper collar 11. However, this state is provisional, and it is necessary to recover the bridge including the damaged support device 10 in order. When restoring a bridge or the like including the support device 10, it is more efficient from the viewpoint of recovery work and cost to restore the function by repairing the support device 10 than to replace the entire support device 10. There are cases.

  In view of this, in the support device 10, the function of the support device 10 can be restored without having to replace all of them when the bridge including the support device 10 is restored. Specifically, when a bridge or the like including the support device 10 is restored, the upper structure 1 is lifted with a jack or the like, the upper rod 11 is removed from the upper structure 1 and remains in the through hole 17b of the upper rod 11. The fixing bolt 17 is removed from the through hole 17b. Here, the broken bolt shaft part and the screw part 17e remain in the screw hole 17d on the upper end face of the restraint 16. Therefore, for example, the upper end surface of the restraining body 16 is flattened, and the broken bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e protruding from the upper end surface of the restraining body 16 are scraped off. Of course, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e may be removed from the screw hole 17d. An unused spare screw hole 26 is formed between the screw holes 17 d on the upper end surface of the restraining body 16. When the support device 10 is restored, the restraint 16 is moved from the state in which the through hole 17b is aligned with the screw hole 17d (see FIG. 8A) to the axis of the spare screw hole 26, as shown in FIG. It is rotated by θ in the matched state (see FIG. 8B). Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the screw portion 17 e on the bolt shaft portion of the new fixing bolt 17 is inserted into the through hole 17 b of the upper collar 11, and the screw portion 17 e is inserted into the spare screw hole 26. Tightened. In other words, here, the restraint 16 is joined to the lower surface of the upper collar 11 by using the spare screw hole 26 instead of the screw hole 17d which is blocked by the remaining bolt shaft part and the screw part 17e and cannot be used. I have to. As described above, when the repair of the support device 10 is completed, the repaired support device 10 is fixed to the upper structure 1 by placing the upper structure 1 on the upper collar 11 with a jack or the like.

  In the support device 10 as described above, the upper structure 1 can be repaired in a state of being separated from the lower structure 2 when the bridge or the like is restored. At this time, the support device 10 rotates the restraint 16 by θ, aligns the axes of the through hole 17b of the upper collar 11 and the auxiliary screw hole 26, and couples them with a new fixing bolt 17 to thereby function. Can be recovered. That is, in the support device 10, it is not necessary to replace the entire support device 10 at the time of restoration work of a bridge or the like, and the upper arm 11 and the restraining body 16 can be used as they are. Therefore, in the restoration work of the bridge or the like, the work of exchanging the entire support device 10 can be omitted, and the work efficiency can be improved. Further, with respect to the support device 10, the only new part is the fixing bolt 17, so that the construction cost can be reduced.

  In the present invention, after the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 are coupled using the spare screw hole 26 of the restraining body 16, repair work for replacing the support device 10 may be performed again.

[4. Description of Modification 1 of Bearing Device]
In the example of FIG. 1, the fixing bolt 17 is inserted from the upper flange 11 side, and the upper flange 11 and the restraining body 16 are coupled. However, the support device 30 shown in FIG. And the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 are coupled.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the restraining body 16 is formed with a flange portion 31 so as to protrude outward from the upper end surface. A bolt recess 17a is formed on the lower surface of the flange portion 31 in the thickness direction, a through hole 17b is formed at the bottom thereof, and a bolt seat portion 17c is formed around the through hole 17b. . Further, a screw hole 17d corresponding to the through hole 17b is formed on the lower surface of the upper collar 11. That is, the screw portion 17e of the bolt shaft portion is screwed in parallel to the core material 21 (in the direction of vertical displacement). The fixing bolt 17 has such a strength that the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e are broken before other members are damaged when excessive lifting force or horizontal force is applied. The screw portion 17e of the fixing bolt 17 is screwed into the screw hole 17d from the lower side in parallel with the core member 21 (in the direction of vertical displacement). Further, a spare screw hole 26 is formed in the lower surface of the upper collar 11 between the screw holes 17d. The spare screw holes 26 are the same as the screw holes 17d, and are formed between the screw holes 17d so as to have the same number as the screw holes 17d.

  The assembly method of the support device 30 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a core material 21 is inserted into the restraining body 16, and the core material 21 is fixed to the screw hole 23 of the lower collar 12. The As a result, a pot portion for accommodating the elastic body 13 is formed in the restraining body 16 by the large diameter portion 22. Thereafter, the elastic body 13 is disposed on the large-diameter portion 22 of the core member 21 in the pot portion. And the flange part 31 of the restraint body 16 is abutted on the lower surface of the upper collar 11, and the axis line of the through-hole 17b of the flange part 31 and the screw hole 17d of the upper collar 11 corresponds. The upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 are formed by inserting the screw portion 17e of the bolt shaft portion into the through hole 17b of the flange portion 31 of the restraining body 16, and further tightening the screw portion 17e into the screw hole 17d of the upper collar 11. Integrated and combined. Of course, the assembly method of the support device 30 is not limited to the above example.

  Next, a case where a high load (for example, a live load at the time of occurrence of a large earthquake) exceeding the normal use range that damages the support device 30 is applied will be described. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view in the case where a large horizontal force or a lifting force that causes damage to the support device 30 is applied. In this support device 30, the coupling strength between the core member 21 and the lower collar 12 is higher than the coupling strength between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 described above, and the restraining body 16 and the lifting prevention piece 25 by the fixing member 24. Is also higher than the bonding strength between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 described above. For this reason, when the lifting force or horizontal force exceeding the normal use range that damages the bearing device 30 is applied to the bearing device 30, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e are broken before other members are damaged. . Then, the restraining body 16 falls on the lower eyelid 12 from the upper eyelid 11 side, and approaches and / or contacts. As a result, the gap 19 between the lifting prevention piece 25 and the lower rod 12 before breakage becomes narrower or disappears when the restraint body 16 falls, and instead, the upper collar 11 and the flange portion 31 of the restraint body 16 A gap 20 is generated between the two. Therefore, the operator can determine whether the gaps 19 and 20 are between the restraint body 16 and the lower collar 12, between the flange portion 31 of the restraint body 16 and the upper collar 11, or to what extent. Whether or not there is a gap is visually confirmed, and when there is a gap 20 on the upper collar 11 side, it can be determined that the bearing device 30 is broken. Even if the restraining body 16 falls on the lower rod 12, the elastic body 13 supported by the core member 21 can continue to support the upper rod 11.

  As described above, the support device 30 is supported by the core member 21 even when the lifting force or horizontal force exceeding the normal use range is applied and the connection between the upper collar 11 and the restraint 16 is broken. The elastic body 13 can continue to support the upper collar 11. However, this state is provisional, and it is necessary to recover the bridge including the damaged bearing device 30 in order. When restoring a bridge or the like including the support device 30, it is more efficient from the viewpoint of recovery work and cost to restore the function by repairing the support device 30, rather than replacing the entire support device 30. There are cases.

  Therefore, in the support device 30, the function of the support device 30 can be recovered without having to replace all of them when the bridge including the support device 30 is restored. Specifically, when the bridge including the support device 30 is restored, the lower surface of the upper rod 11 is flattened while the upper rod 11 remains attached to the upper structure 1, and screw holes The broken bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e remaining in 17d are scraped off. Further, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e including the bolt head portion 17f are removed from the through hole 17b of the flange portion 31 of the restraining body 16. When the fixing bolt 17 is broken, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e including the bolt head portion 17f fall from the bolt concave portion 17a by its own weight. Even when the bolt does not naturally fall from the bolt recess 17a, gravity acts and the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e including the bolt head portion 17f can be easily removed from the bolt recess 17a.

  As described above, the preliminary screw holes 26 are formed between the screw holes 17 d of the upper collar 11. When the support device 30 is restored, as shown in FIG. 13, the restraint 16 is in a state where the through hole 17b of the flange portion 31 of the restraint 16 is aligned with the screw hole 17d of the upper collar 11 (see FIG. 13A). )) To the state (FIG. 13B) that is aligned with the axis of the auxiliary screw hole 26, is rotated by θ. The restraining body 16 is lifted by a jack or the like, and the flange portion 31 is brought close to the lower surface of the upper collar 11. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 14, a screw portion 17 e of a new fixing bolt 17 is inserted into the through hole 17 b of the flange portion 31 of the restraining body 16, and further, the spare screw hole 26 on the lower surface of the upper collar 11 is inserted. The screw portion 17e is tightened.

  With the support device 30 as described above, it is possible to repair the upper structure 1 without lifting it with a jack or the like at the time of restoration work of a bridge or the like. Specifically, the support device 30 rotates the restraint body 16 separated from the upper collar 11 by θ, and the axis line between the through hole 17b of the flange portion 31 of the restraint body 16 and the preliminary screw hole 26 of the upper collar 11. And can be restored by connecting them with a new fixing bolt 17. That is, in this support device 30, it is not necessary to lift the upper structure 1 with a jack or the like during the restoration work of a bridge or the like, and it is not necessary to replace the support device 30 entirely. Can be used as is. Therefore, when repairing the support device 30, it is not necessary to lift the upper structure 1 with a jack or the like, and work efficiency can be improved. In addition, with respect to the bearing device 30, the only new part is the fixing bolt 17, so that the construction cost can be reduced.

[5. Description of Modification 2 of Bearing Device]
In the example of FIGS. 10 to 14, the case where the flange portion 31 is integrally formed on the upper side of the restraint body 16 has been described. However, in the example of FIGS. 15 and 16, the restraint body 16 and the flange portion 31 are separated. The support device 40 provided on the body will be described.

  In this support device 40, a ring-shaped flange plate 41 is fixed to the upper end surface of the restraining body 16. A screw hole 42 for fixing the flange plate 41 is formed on the upper end face of the restraining body 16. In addition, a bolt recess 44 in which the bolt head of the fixing bolt 43 is received is formed on the inner peripheral side of the flange plate 41 corresponding to the screw hole 42, and the bolt shaft of the fixing bolt 43 is formed on the bottom surface of the bolt recess 44. A through hole 45 is formed through which a screw part in the part is inserted. The flange plate 41 is disposed on the upper end surface of the restraining body 16 before being fixed to the upper collar 11, and the screw holes 42 of the restraining body 16 and the through holes 45 of the flange plate 41 are aligned with each other, so that the flange plate 41 is aligned. A fixing bolt 43 is inserted from the side of the through hole 45 of 41 and fastened to the screw hole 42 of the restraining body 16. The bolt head of the fixing bolt 43 is accommodated in the bolt recess 44, and the upper collar 11 is disposed on the flange plate 41. When the flange plate 41 is fixed to the upper end surface of the restraint body 16, the outer peripheral side projects from the restraint body 16, and the projecting portion becomes a portion that is secured to the lower surface of the upper collar 11 by the fixing bolt 17. In the restraint body 16, a pot portion for housing the elastic body 13 is formed by the large diameter portion 22 of the core member 21. The pot portion is constituted by the inside of the restraining body 16 and the inner peripheral surface of the flange plate 41.

  A bolt recess 17a is formed in the thickness direction on the lower surface of the outer peripheral side of the flange plate 41, a through hole 17b is formed at the bottom thereof, and a bolt seat 17c is formed around the through hole 17b. ing. Further, a screw hole 17d corresponding to the through hole 17b is formed on the lower surface of the upper collar 11. That is, the screw portion 17e of the bolt shaft portion is screwed in parallel to the core material 21 (in the direction of vertical displacement). The fixing bolt 17 has such a strength that the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e are broken before other members are damaged when excessive lifting force or horizontal force is applied. For example, as described above, the flange plate 41 is fixed to the upper end surface of the restraining body 16 by the fixing bolt 43, but the fixing bolt 17 is before the fixing portion between the flange plate 41 and the restraining body 16 is damaged. It has the strength to break. The screw portion 17e of the fixing bolt 17 is screwed into the screw hole 17d from the lower side in parallel with the core member 21 (in the direction of vertical displacement). Further, a spare screw hole 26 is formed in the lower surface of the upper collar 11 between the screw holes 17d. The spare screw holes 26 are the same as the screw holes 17d, and are formed between the screw holes 17d so as to have the same number as the screw holes 17d.

  The assembly method of the support device will be described. A core member 21 is inserted into the restraining body 16, and the core member 21 is fixed to the screw hole 23 of the lower collar 12. Thereby, the elastic body 13 is arrange | positioned on the large diameter part 22 of the core material 21 at a pot part. Further, a flange plate 41 is disposed on the upper end surface of the restraint body 16, and the flange plate 41 is inserted into the through hole 45 side by a fixing bolt 43 and tightened into the screw hole 42 of the upper collar 11. , Integrated into the restraint 16. Then, the flange plate 41 of the restraining body 16 is abutted against the lower surface of the upper collar 11, and the axes of the through holes 17b of the flange plate 41 and the screw holes 17d of the upper collar 11 are matched. The upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 are obtained by inserting the screw portion 17e of the bolt shaft portion into the through hole 17b of the flange plate 41 of the restraining body 16, and further tightening the screw portion 17e into the screw hole 17d of the upper collar 11. Integrated and combined. Of course, the method of assembling the support device 40 is not limited to the above example.

  Next, a case where a high load (for example, a live load at the occurrence of a large earthquake) exceeding a normal range in which the support device 40 is damaged will be described with reference to FIG. Also in this support device 40, the coupling strength between the core member 21 and the lower rod 12 is higher than the coupling force between the upper rod 11 and the restraining body 16, and the restraining body 16 and the lifting prevention piece 25 are fixed by the fixing member 24. The coupling strength is also higher than the coupling force between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 described above. Further, the coupling strength between the restraining body 16 and the flange plate 41 is also higher than the coupling strength between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16. For this reason, when a lifting force or a horizontal force exceeding the normal use range that damages the bearing device 40 is applied to the bearing device 40, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e are broken before other members are damaged. . As a result, the gap 19 between the lifting prevention piece 25 and the lower rod 12 before breakage becomes narrower or disappears due to the drop of the restraint body 16, and instead, the upper collar 11 and the flange plate 41 of the restraint body 16 A gap 20 is generated between the two. Therefore, the operator can determine whether the gaps 19 and 20 are between the restraint body 16 and the lower collar 12, between the flange plate 41 of the restraint body 16 and the upper collar 11, or to what extent. Whether or not there is a gap is visually confirmed, and when there is a gap 20 on the side of the upper collar 11, it can be determined that the bearing device 40 is broken. Even if the restraining body 16 falls on the lower rod 12, the elastic body 13 supported by the core member 21 can continue to support the upper rod 11.

  As described above, the support device 40 is supported by the core material 21 even when the upper lift 11 or the horizontal force exceeding the normal use range is applied and the connection between the upper collar 11 and the restraint 16 is broken. The elastic body 13 can continue to support the upper collar 11. However, this state is provisional, and it is necessary to sequentially restore the bridge and the like including the damaged bearing device 40. When restoring bridges including the support device 40, it is more efficient from the viewpoint of recovery work and cost to restore the function by repairing the support device 40 than to replace the entire support device 40. There is a case.

  Therefore, like the bearing device 30, the bearing device 40 can restore the function of the bearing device 40 without having to replace all of them when the bridge including the bearing device 40 is restored. ing. Specifically, when a bridge or the like including the support device 40 is restored, the lower surface of the upper rod 11 is flattened while the upper rod 11 remains attached to the upper structure 1, and screw holes The broken bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e remaining in 17d are scraped off. Further, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e including the bolt head portion 17f are removed from the through hole 17b of the flange plate 41 of the restraining body 16. When the fixing bolt 17 is broken, the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e including the bolt head portion 17f fall from the bolt concave portion 17a by its own weight. Even when the bolt does not naturally fall from the bolt recess 17a, gravity acts and the bolt shaft portion and the screw portion 17e including the bolt head portion 17f can be easily removed from the bolt recess 17a.

  As described above, the preliminary screw holes 26 are formed between the screw holes 17 d of the upper collar 11. When the support device 40 is restored, the restraint 16 changes from the state in which the through hole 17b of the flange plate 41 of the restraint 16 is aligned with the screw hole 17d of the upper collar 11 to the axis of the spare screw hole 26. It is rotated. The restraining body 16 is lifted by a jack or the like, and the flange plate 41 is brought close to the lower surface of the upper collar 11. Thereafter, the screw portion 17e of the new fixing bolt 17 is inserted into the through hole 17b of the flange plate 41 of the restraint body 16, and the screw portion 17e is tightened into the spare screw hole 26 on the lower surface of the upper collar 11. It is done.

  In the bearing device 40 as described above, similarly to the bearing device 30, the upper structure 1 can be repaired without being lifted by a jack or the like. Specifically, the support device 40 rotates the restraint body 16 that is separated from the upper collar 11, so that the axes of the through holes 17 b of the flange plate 41 of the restraint body 16 and the spare screw holes 26 of the upper collar 11 coincide. The function can be recovered by connecting with a new fixing bolt 17. That is, in this support device 40, when the bridge or the like is restored, the upper structure 1 is not lifted with a jack or the like, and it is not necessary to replace the support device 40 completely. Can be used as is. Therefore, when repairing the support device 40, it is not necessary to lift the upper structure 1 with a jack or the like, and work efficiency can be improved. Further, with respect to the support device 40, the only new part is a fixing bolt, and the construction cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the bearing device 40 is different from the bearing device 30 in which the restraining body 16 and the flange portion 31 are integrated, and the restraining body 16 and the flange plate 41 are separate from each other, so that the restraining body 16 can be easily processed. Become.

[6. Description of Modification 3 of Bearing Device]
The support device 50 of FIGS. 17-19 is the same as the support device 10 of FIGS. 1, 5, 7, and 9, with the fixing bolt 17 fixing the restraining body 16 to the upper collar 11 while repairing. The restraint body 16 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper collar 11 with a fixing bolt 52 from the side.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 17, a first bolt recess 17 a is formed in the thickness direction on the upper surface outer peripheral portion of the upper collar 11 of the support device 50, and a first through hole is formed at the bottom thereof. 17b is formed, and a first bolt seat portion 17c is formed around the first through hole 17b. Further, a first screw hole 17d corresponding to the first through hole 17b is formed on the upper end surface of the restraining body 16. That is, the first screw portion 17e of the bolt shaft portion is screwed in from the upper side in parallel with the core member 21 (in the vertical displacement direction). The first bolt head 17 f of the first fixing bolt 17 is accommodated without protruding from the first bolt recess 17 a so as not to hit the upper structure 1 or the upper plate 3. The first fixing bolt 17 has such a strength that the bolt shaft portion and the first screw portion 17e are broken before other members are damaged when excessive lifting force or horizontal force is applied. Note that the flange portion 51 does not necessarily require the second bolt recess 52a, and it is only necessary that the second through hole 52b is penetrated so that the bolt can be inserted.

  Further, a flange portion 51 is formed on the restraining body 16 so as to protrude outward from the upper end face. A second bolt recess 52a is formed on the lower surface of the flange portion 51 in the thickness direction, and a second through hole 52b is formed at the bottom of the flange portion 51. A second bolt is formed around the second through hole 52b. A seat 52c is formed. Further, a preliminary screw hole 52d corresponding to the second through hole 52b is formed in an annular shape on the lower surface of the upper collar 11. The second screw portion 52e of the second fixing bolt 52 is screwed into the preliminary screw hole 52d in parallel with the core member 21 from the lower side (in the direction of vertical displacement). The spare screw holes 52d are the same as the screw holes 17d and are formed in the same number as the screw holes 17d.

  The assembly method of the support device 50 will be described. A core member 21 is inserted into the restraining body 16, and the core member 21 is fixed to the screw hole 23 of the lower collar 12. As a result, a pot portion for accommodating the elastic body 13 is formed in the restraining body 16 by the large diameter portion 22. Thereafter, the elastic body 13 is disposed on the large-diameter portion 22 of the core member 21 in the pot portion. The flange 51 of the restraining body 16 is abutted against the lower surface of the upper collar 11. As shown in FIG. 17, the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 align the axes of the first through hole 17b and the first screw hole 17d, and insert the first screw portion 17e into the first through hole 17b. The first screw hole 17d is integrated and coupled by tightening the first screw portion 17e. Of course, the method of assembling the support device 50 is not limited to the above example. The second fixing bolt 52 is not inserted and screwed into the second through hole 52b and the auxiliary screw hole 52d on the outer peripheral side of the fixing portion of the first fixing bolt 17. Here, the second fixing bolt 52 is inserted and screwed at the time of repair. Therefore, at the time of assembly, the axes of the second through hole 52b and the auxiliary screw hole 52d may or may not match.

  Next, a case where a high load (for example, a live load at the time of occurrence of a large earthquake) exceeding a normal range in which the support device 50 is damaged will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view in the case where a large horizontal force or lifting force that causes damage to the support device 50 is applied. As described above, the coupling strength between the core member 21 and the lower rod 12 is higher than the coupling force between the upper rod 11 and the restraining body 16 described above, and the restraining body 16 and the lifting prevention piece 25 are fixed by the fixing member 24. The coupling strength is also higher than the coupling force between the upper collar 11 and the restraining body 16 described above. For this reason, when the lifting force or horizontal force exceeding the normal use range that damages the bearing device 50 is applied, the bearing device 50 has the bolt shaft portion and the first screw portion 17e before the other members are damaged. Break. Then, the restraining body 16 falls on the lower eyelid 12 from the upper eyelid 11 side, and approaches and / or contacts. As a result, the gap 19 between the lifting prevention piece 25 and the lower rod 12 before breakage becomes narrower or disappears when the restraint body 16 drops, and instead, the gap between the upper rod 11 and the restraint body 16 is reduced. 20 is generated. Therefore, the operator can determine whether the gaps 19 and 20 are between the restraint 16 and the lower rod 12, or between the restraint 16 and the upper rod 11, or to what extent there is a gap. Is visually confirmed, and when there is a gap 20 on the upper collar 11 side, it can be determined that the bearing device 50 is damaged. Even if the restraining body 16 falls on the lower rod 12, the elastic body 13 supported by the core member 21 can continue to support the upper rod 11.

  As described above, the support device 50 is supported by the core member 21 even when the lifting force or horizontal force exceeding the normal use range is applied and the connection between the upper collar 11 and the restraint body 16 is broken. The elastic body 13 can continue to support the upper collar 11. However, this state is provisional, and it is necessary to sequentially restore the bridge including the damaged bearing device 50. When restoring a bridge or the like including the support device 50, it is more efficient from the viewpoint of recovery work and cost to restore the function by repairing the support device 50 than to replace the entire support device 50. There is a case.

  Therefore, in this bearing device 50, it is possible to restore the function of the bearing device 50 without having to replace all of them when the bridge including the bearing device 50 is restored. Specifically, when a bridge or the like including the support device 50 is restored, as shown in FIG. 19, the upper surface of the upper surface 11 is flattened while the upper surface 11 remains attached to the upper structure 1. The broken bolt shaft portion and the first screw portion 17e remaining in the first screw hole 17d are scraped off. Thereafter, the restraint 16 aligns the axes of the second through hole 52b of the flange portion 51 of the restraint 16 and the preliminary screw hole 52d of the upper collar 11. Then, the restraining body 16 is lifted by a jack or the like, and the flange portion 51 is brought close to the lower surface of the upper collar 11. Thereafter, a second screw portion 52e of a new second fixing bolt 52 is inserted into the second through hole 52b of the flange portion 51 of the restraining body 16, and further, the spare screw hole 52d on the lower surface of the upper collar 11 is inserted into the second screw hole 52d. The second screw part 52e is tightened.

  With the support device 50 as described above, the upper structure 1 can be repaired without lifting it with a jack or the like during restoration work of a bridge or the like. Specifically, the support device 50 aligns the axes of the second through hole 52b of the flange portion 51 of the restraining body 16 that is spaced from the upper collar 11 and the spare screw hole 52d of the upper collar 11, and creates a new fixing bolt. By combining at 52, the function can be restored. That is, in this support device 50, when the bridge or the like is restored, the upper structure 1 is not lifted with a jack or the like, and it is not necessary to replace the entire support device 50, and the upper arm 11 and the restraint 16 are used as they are. I can do it. Therefore, when repairing the support device 50, it is not necessary to lift the upper structure 1 with a jack or the like, and work efficiency can be improved. Further, with respect to the support device 50, the only new part is the second fixing bolt 52, and the construction cost can be reduced. In this support device 50, the flange portion 51 of the restraining body 16 may be integrated with the restraining body 16. However, as shown in the examples of FIGS. You may make it fix to the restraint body 16 using.

[7. Other variations]
In the above description, the bridge support device has been described as the support device of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the bridge support device, but as a support device for vibration control and seismic isolation of various structures. It can be adopted. Further, the support structure of the support device is not limited to the above example. Moreover, the fixing method of the upper collar 11 and the lifting prevention part may be welding, bonding with an adhesive, or the like in addition to using the fixing bolt 17 described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper structure, 2 Lower structure, 3 Upper plate, 4 Sliding member, 5 Lower plate, 6 Sliding member, 10 Support apparatus, 11 Upper arm, 12 Lower arm, 13 Elastic body, 13a Elastic layer, 13b Reinforcement Plate, 13c Upper plate, 13d Lower plate, 14 Convex, 15 Concave, 16 Constraining body, 16a Constraining surface, 17 (First) Fixing bolt, 17a (First) Bolt concave, 17b (First) Through hole, 17c (1) Bolt seat, 17d (1) Screw hole, 17e (1) Screw part, 17f (1) Bolt head, 18 Lubricant, 21 Core material, 22 Large diameter part, 23 Screw hole, 24 fixing member, 24a bolt recess, 25 lifting prevention piece, 30 bearing device, 31 flange portion, 40 bearing device, 41 flange plate, 42 screw hole, 43 fixing bolt, 44 bolt recess, 45 through hole, 50 support Bearing device, 51 flange portion, 52 second fixing bolt, 52a second bolt recess, 52b second through hole, 52c second bolt seat portion, 52d second screw hole, 52e second screw portion, 52f second bolt head

Claims (9)

A first rigid body;
A second rigid body;
An elastic body disposed between the first rigid body and the second rigid body;
A restraining body surrounding the elastic body,
The restraint body is fixed to either the first rigid body or the second rigid body by a fixing bolt having a screw portion,
One of the restraint body and the rigid body to which the restraint body is fixed is formed with a screw hole and a preliminary screw hole for fastening the screw portion of the fixing bolt, and the other is a screw portion of the fixing bolt. A through hole corresponding to the screw hole to be inserted is formed,
The restraint body is fixed to the rigid body by screwing a screw portion of the fixing bolt into the through hole and tightening the screw hole.
When the fixing bolt is broken, the restraint body is fixed to the rigid body by screwing a new threaded portion of the fixing bolt into the through hole and tightening the auxiliary screw hole. apparatus. The screw hole and the preliminary screw hole are formed in the restraint body,
The support device according to claim 1, wherein the through hole is formed in a rigid body to which the restraining body is fixed. The screw hole and the preliminary screw hole are formed in a rigid body to which the restraint body is fixed,
The support device according to claim 1, wherein the through hole is formed in the restraining body. The restraint body has a flange portion formed at the end on the rigid body side to which the restraint body is fixed,
The support device according to claim 3, wherein the through hole is formed in the flange portion. In the restraint body, a flange plate is fixed to an end portion on the rigid body side to which the restraint body is fixed,
The support device according to claim 3, wherein the through hole is formed in the flange plate.   The supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the preliminary screw hole is formed between the screw holes.   The support device according to claim 1, wherein a convex portion or a concave portion is provided on a side surface of the elastic body.   The elastic body is elastically deformed when a predetermined value or more is input, and a side surface of the elastic body that is elastically deformed is in contact with and / or press-contacted with the restraining body to restrain deformation of the elastic body. The support device according to claim 1. When a predetermined amount or more is input, the elastic body is surrounded by the first rigid body, the second rigid body, and the restraining body to be in a semi-sealed state,
The bearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the bearing device is changed into a more advanced sealed state with an increase in load on the elastic body.

Images