JP4704946B2 - Laminated support - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated support.

  Conventionally, a laminated support in which soft plates such as rubber and hard plates such as metal are alternately laminated has been used as a support for seismic isolation devices. Such laminated supports include, for example, one in which a hollow portion is formed at the center and a metal core is press-fitted therein.

  As this metal core, a lead core having stable damping performance is often used. However, lead requires a large cost for disposal. For this reason, Patent Document 1 proposes a seismic isolation device in which a viscous material and a solid material are sealed in a hollow portion instead of lead, and a gap between the solid materials is filled with the viscous material. Examples of the substance include partition members, columnar bodies, and granular bodies.

  Furthermore, in Patent Document 1, unvulcanized rubber is exemplified as an example of a viscous body in the case of using a large material as a hard material such as a partition member or a columnar body. Since the hard material itself must follow the deformation, flexibility is required. A flexible hard material has little effect of restricting the flow of the viscous body and does not show a large damping force.

Moreover, in patent document 1, although liquid bodies, such as oil, are illustrated as a viscous body combined with a granular hard material, a hard member will precipitate in a liquid body in long-term use, and a dispersed state will deteriorate. For this reason, the attenuation characteristics partially change, and stable attenuation performance cannot be exhibited.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-84815

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to obtain a laminated support that can be disposed of at low cost and can exhibit a large damping force.

  In the invention according to claim 1, a laminated elastic body in which rigid plates having rigidity and elastic plates having elasticity are alternately laminated in a predetermined lamination direction, and a hollow portion is formed in the lamination direction; It is characterized by having a plastic fluid material made of an elastic perfect plastic material and injected into the hollow portion, and a hard filler material filled in the plastic fluid material.

  Therefore, when the laminated support is installed on the supported member, the load of the support member is supported by the laminated elastic body. In particular, since the laminated elastic body is configured by alternately laminating rigid plates and elastic plates, high rigidity for supporting the support member can be obtained.

  A plastic fluid is injected into the hollow portion of the laminated elastic body, and the plastic fluid is filled with a hard filler. As a result, the plastic fluid material contacts not only the inner surface of the hollow part but also the surface of the hard filler, and the contact area is widened, so that the damping characteristic during shear deformation of the laminated elastic body is improved, and the large damping is achieved. Power is obtained. In particular, in the present invention, since the plastic fluidized material is made of an elastic perfect plastic material, the dispersion state of the hard filler is stabilized and precipitation of the hard filler is preferably prevented (preferably not precipitated). For this reason, it can maintain in the state which improved the attenuation | damping characteristic. For example, a large damping force can be obtained by moving (flowing) the plastic fluid material between the hard fillers.

  In addition, by preventing the precipitation of the hard material in this way, the damping characteristic of the plastic fluidized material does not depend on the contact area between the plastic fluidized material and the hard filler and the flow velocity of the plastic fluidized material, and It depends on the yield stress. Therefore, even if the volume filling rate of the hard filler is lowered, desired damping characteristics can be maintained.

  In addition, since this laminated support does not use materials such as lead that require high costs, it can be discarded at low cost.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, a shear yield stress σy of the plastic fluidized material is 0.1 Mpa ≦ σy ≦ 10 Mpa.

  By setting the shear yield stress σy of the plastic fluid material to 0.1 Mpa or more, sufficient damping performance can be obtained.

  Further, by setting the shear yield stress σy to 10 Mpa or less, the plastic fluidized material can be greatly plastically deformed.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the volume filling rate of the hard filler is 25% to 74%.

  By setting the volume filling rate of the hard filler to 25% or more, a large contact area between the plastic fluidized material and the hard filler can be secured and a large damping force can be obtained.

  Further, by setting the volume filling rate to 74% or less, contact between the hard fillers can be prevented, and the damping performance can be maintained high.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the hard filler is a granular body formed in a granular form.

  By making the hard filler into a granular material, the dispersion state of the hard filler in the plastic fluidized material becomes good, so that the damping performance is stabilized.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4, wherein the maximum particle size d of the granular material is 0.002 mm ≦ d ≦ 2.0 mm.

  By setting the maximum particle diameter d of the granular material to 0.002 mm ≦ d ≦ 2.0 mm, high attenuation performance can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 5, the maximum particle diameter d of the granular material is 0.01 mm ≦ d ≦ 0.6 mm.

  By setting the maximum particle size d of the granular body to 0.01 mm ≦ d ≦ 0.6 mm, higher attenuation performance can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the shape of the hard filler is substantially spherical.

  By making the shape of the hard filler substantially spherical, it becomes possible to eliminate the direction dependency of the hard filler and to exhibit stable damping performance in an arbitrary direction.

  In the invention according to claim 8, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the hard filler is formed by connecting a plurality of annular members formed in a substantially annular shape in a chain shape. It is configured.

  By configuring a hard filler by connecting a plurality of annular members formed in a substantially ring shape, the movement of the hard filler can be appropriately limited, and the resistance force during the movement of the plastic fluid can be reduced. Since it becomes possible to enlarge, a bigger damping force can be exhibited.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the hard filler is a hard fiber.

  Even if the hard filler is hard fiber, a desired damping force can be obtained.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it can be discarded at a low cost and can exhibit a large damping force.

  FIG. 1 shows a laminated support 12 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The laminated support 12 is a laminated elastic material in which a plurality of disk-shaped metal plates 18 and a plurality of disk-shaped rubber plates 20 are alternately laminated in the thickness direction (hereinafter, this lamination direction is referred to as “X direction”). A body 16 is provided.

  Flange plates 14 are fixed to both end surfaces of the laminated elastic body 16 in the X direction. The flange plate 14 includes a flange portion 14F that protrudes to the side of the laminated elastic body 16, and a bolt is inserted into a bolt hole (not shown) formed in the flange portion 14F so that the laminated support body 12 is supported. It is attached to members (for example, building foundations, foundations, grounds, etc.) and supported members (for example, office buildings, hospitals, apartment houses, museums, public halls, schools, government buildings, shrines and temples, etc.). In the attached state, the supported member is supported by the support member via the laminated support 12.

  The metal plate 18 and the rubber plate 20 constituting the laminated elastic body 16 are firmly bonded to each other by vulcanization adhesion (or by an adhesive) so that they are not inadvertently separated or misaligned. Yes. When the laminated support body 12 receives a horizontal shearing force, the laminated elastic body 16 is also elastically sheared.

  Therefore, when the supporting member and the supported member are relatively moved (vibrated) in the horizontal direction, the laminated elastic body 16 is elastically sheared as a whole and absorbs energy of this vibration. Here, by alternately laminating the metal plates 18 and the rubber plates 20 as described above, even when a load acts in the laminating direction, the compression of the laminated elastic body 16 (that is, compression of the rubber plate 20) is suppressed. Has been. Accordingly, the rubber plate 20 can be sufficiently sheared to absorb energy and exhibit a restoring force.

  The laminated elastic body 16 further includes a covering material 22 that covers the outer end faces of the metal plate 18 and the rubber plate 20 from the periphery. The coating material 22 prevents rain and light from acting on the metal plate 18 and the rubber plate 20 from the outside, thereby preventing deterioration due to oxygen, ozone, ultraviolet rays, or the like. Further, the covering material 22 has a constant thickness so that there is no variation in its strength. The covering material 22 can be formed of the same material as the rubber plate 20. In this case, the rubber plate 20 and the covering material 22 can be formed separately and integrated by vulcanization adhesion or the like in a subsequent process. Alternatively, the covering material 22 and the rubber plate 20 may be bonded with an adhesive or the like.

An elastic hollow portion 28 that penetrates the laminated elastic body 16 in the X direction is formed at the center of the laminated elastic body 16. The elastic body hollow portion 28 is a cylindrical space.
The elastic body hollow portion 28 is injected with a plastic fluidized material 30 made of an elastic perfect plastic material (non-hardened elastic plastic material). As shown in FIG. 5, the elastic perfect plastic is a material in which the shear stress and the shear strain are proportional up to a certain yield point, but when the yield point is exceeded, the shear stress becomes constant. Say.

  Further, in the elastic body hollow portion 28, that is, in the plastic fluid material 30, a spherical spherical body 32 made of a hard material that can be regarded as a rigid body with respect to the plastic fluid material 30 has a predetermined volume filling rate. A plurality are filled.

  A closing plate 24 is disposed at the end of the elastic hollow portion 28. The closing plate 24 is formed in a disk shape having a larger diameter than the elastic body hollow portion 28 so that the end of the elastic body hollow portion 28 in the X direction can be closed. By fixing the closing plate 24 to the flange plate 14, the elastic body hollow portion 28 can be sealed.

  In the laminated support body 12 of the first embodiment having such a configuration, the laminated elastic body 16 is shown in FIG. 2A by relative movement (vibration) between the support member and the supported member in the horizontal direction. Elastically shears and absorbs the energy of this vibration. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2B, the plastic fluid 30 in the elastic hollow portion 28 is also sheared as a whole while flowing, and absorbs the energy of the vibration. In this embodiment, since the spherical body 32 is filled in the plastic fluid material 30, the plastic fluid material 30 contacts not only the inner surface of the elastic hollow portion 28 but also the surface of the spherical body 32, and the contact area thereof. Is getting wider. For this reason, the damping characteristic at the time of shear deformation of the laminated elastic body 16 is improved, and a larger damping force can be exhibited to absorb energy.

  In FIG. 3A, the laminated elastic body of the comparative example having the same configuration, except that the spherical body 32 (hard filler) as in the present embodiment is not filled, enlarges only the portion of the plastic fluid material 30. It is shown as In the laminated elastic body of the comparative example, only the inner surface of the plastic fluid member 30 elastic body hollow portion 28 is in contact. Therefore, assuming a rectangular parallelepiped region E1 in the cross section before deformation as shown in FIG. 3A, for example, this region E1 is simply sheared as shown in FIG. There is. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the spherical body 32 (hard filler) moves and the plastic fluid 30 also moves (flows) between the spherical bodies 32 (hard filler), a large damping force can be obtained.

  In particular, in this embodiment, since the plastic fluid material 30 is composed of an elastic perfect plastic material (non-hardened elastic plastic material), the dispersion state of the filled spherical bodies 32 (hard filler) is stabilized. That is, the spherical bodies 32 are uniformly distributed in the plastic fluidized material 30 without inadvertent precipitation or uneven distribution. For this reason, the damping characteristic of the plastic fluidized material 30 does not change partially, and stable damping performance can be exhibited.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, in order to obtain a desired damping force in this way, a lead member such as a conventional lead plug is not required. For this reason, it becomes possible to dispose at low cost.

  In the present embodiment, the spherical body 32 formed in a spherical shape is given as an example of the hard filler of the present invention. In short, the plastic fluid material 30 is brought into contact with the plastic fluid material 30 by being filled in the plastic fluid material 30. And if it can increase a contact area, it will not specifically limit. For example, the spheroidal hard filler 36 shown in FIG. 4 (A), the cylindrical hard filler 38 shown in FIG. 4 (B), and the “L” -shaped hard filler shown in FIG. 4 (C). 40, “U” -shaped hard filler 42 shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 4E, a hard filler 44 having a structure in which a plurality of oval annular members 46 are connected in a chain shape may be used. The annular member 46 constituting the chain-like hard filler 44 does not need to be a completely closed annular shape. For example, a partially opened “U” shape or a horseshoe shape Even if it is a thing, a spiral thing, a spiral thing, etc., it should just be a "substantially annular" shape to such an extent that a connection state is not canceled carelessly.

  Note that it is preferable that the hard filler is spherical as in the present embodiment, since the directionality is lost, and stable damping characteristics can be exhibited in any direction. In this case, the “spherical shape” includes a complete spherical shape, but may not be a complete spherical shape as long as it has substantially no direction dependency. For example, it may be a regular polyhedron shape, a hard filler 48 having a shape as shown in FIG. 4F (a soccer ball shape whose surface is formed of a pentagon and a hexagon), or the like. In the case of a regular polyhedron shape, the larger the number of faces, the closer to a sphere and the directionality is eliminated, which is preferable.

  Moreover, it is preferable to use a hard filler as a granular material because the dispersion state in the plastic fluid 30 becomes good and the damping performance is stabilized. For example, since the spheroid shape, the columnar shape, the “L” shape, and the “U” shape hard filler described above are independent of each other in the behavior of the hard filler in the plastic fluid 30. It can be regarded as a granular material.

  When the hard filler is granular, it is preferable that the maximum particle diameter d is 0.002 mm ≦ d ≦ 2.0 mm because high damping performance can be obtained. Furthermore, if this maximum particle diameter d is 0.01 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less, higher attenuation performance can be obtained, which is more preferable.

  FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the particle size and the damping performance in a configuration using a spherical hard filler. This graph shows that the laminated support 12 shown in FIG. 1 (A) is subjected to shear deformation at a specified displacement by exciting it in the horizontal direction with a reference surface pressure applied in the vertical direction using a dynamic tester. It was obtained based on the result of the test conducted by making it occur.

The structure of the laminated support 12 used for the test conditions is as follows.
-Outer diameter of laminated elastic body 16: 225 mm
-Shape factor of laminated elastic body 16 Primary shape factor S1: 25
Secondary shape factor S2: 5
-Outer diameter of plastic fluidized material 30: 45 mm
-Filling rate of hard filler in plastic fluidized material 30: 65%
-Diameter of the plastic fluidized material 30: 0.0001 mm to 0.6 mm
The test conditions are as follows.
Excitation displacement: Strain 50% to 250%, assuming that the total thickness of the laminated elastic body 16 is 100%
・ Excitation frequency: 0.33 Hz
・ Vertical surface pressure: 10MPa

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the horizontal displacement (δ) and the horizontal load (Q) of the laminated support 12 in the test performed in this manner. The actual laminated support 12 can absorb more vibration energy as the area of the region surrounded by the hysteresis curve increases. In view of simplicity and the like, the intercept load Qd is often used as an index for realistically evaluating the attenuation performance. This intercept load Qd is a horizontal load value at a displacement of 0, and using the loads Qd1 and Qd2 at the point where the hysteresis curve intersects the vertical axis,
Qd = (Qd1 + Qd2) / 2
Is calculated. As this value increases, the area of the region surrounded by the hysteresis curve also increases. The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 6 represents the intercept load Qd thus obtained. Moreover, the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 6 has shown the particle size of the hard filler in the logarithmic scale.

  FIG. 6 shows that the attenuation performance is highest when the particle diameter is about 0.1 mm, and the attenuation performance gradually decreases regardless of whether the particle diameter is larger or smaller. Then, when the intercept load Qd corresponding to the required attenuation performance is set to 0.25 (× 9.8 kN) or more, for example, this condition is satisfied when the particle diameter is 0.002 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. . For example, when the intercept load Qd is set to 0.6 (× 9.8 kN) or more in order to obtain higher attenuation performance, it is understood that this condition is satisfied when the particle diameter is 0.01 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less.

  The material of the hard filler of the present invention may be a material having a hardness that can be regarded as rigid with respect to the plastic fluid material 30. For example, metal, hard resin, or the like can be applied, but is not limited thereto.

  Furthermore, hard fibers may be used as the hard filler of the present invention and mixed into the plastic fluidized material 30. In particular, it is preferable that the hard fibers are mixed uniformly and the direction thereof is also random, so that stable attenuation characteristics can be exhibited in any direction. Examples of hard fibers include carbon fibers and aramid fibers.

  The volume filling factor of the hard filler (the volume fraction of the hard filler relative to the plastic fluid 30) is preferably 25% or more and 74% or less. By setting the volume filling rate of the hard filler to 25% or more, a large contact area between the plastic fluidized material 30 and the hard filler can be secured and a large damping force can be obtained.

  Further, by setting the volume filling rate to 74% or less, contact between the hard fillers can be prevented, and the damping performance can be maintained high.

  In short, the plastic fluidized material of the present invention can stabilize the dispersion state of the hard filler as long as it is composed of an elastic perfect plastic material (non-hardened elastic plastic material). In particular, it is preferable that the shear yield stress σy of the plastic fluidized material is 0.1 Mpa or more and 10 Mpa or less. That is, by setting the pressure to 0.1 Mpa or more, it is possible to obtain sufficient attenuation performance. By setting the pressure to 10 MPa or less, the plastic fluidized material can be greatly plastically deformed.

It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated support body of one Embodiment of this invention before a deformation | transformation, (A) is a whole block diagram, (B) is a partial enlarged view. It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated support body of one Embodiment of this invention after deformation | transformation, (A) is a whole block diagram, (B) is a partial enlarged view. It is the elements on larger scale of the laminated support body of a comparative example, (A) is before a deformation | transformation, (B) is after a deformation | transformation. (A)-(F) are all perspective views which show the example of the hard filler applicable to the lamination | stacking support body of this invention. It is a graph which shows the stress-strain characteristic of an elastic perfect plastic body. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the particle size of a hard filler, and attenuation | damping performance in the laminated support body using a spherical thing as a hard filler. It is a graph which shows the relationship between a horizontal deformation displacement and a horizontal load (Q) in the laminated support body using a spherical thing as a hard filler.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Laminated support body 14 Flange board 14F Flange part 16 Laminated elastic body 18 Metal plate 20 Rubber board 22 Cover material 24 Closure board 28 Elastic body hollow part 30 Plastic fluid material 32 Spherical body 36 Hard filler 38 Hard filler 40 Hard filler 42 Hard filler 44 Hard filler 46 Annular member 48 Hard filler

Claims (9)

A laminated elastic body in which a rigid plate having rigidity and an elastic plate having elasticity are alternately laminated in a predetermined lamination direction, and a hollow portion is formed in the lamination direction;
A plastic fluidized material composed of an inelastic plastic body and injected into the hollow portion;
A hard filler filled in the plastic fluidized material;
A laminated support characterized by comprising:   The laminated support according to claim 1, wherein a shear yield stress σy of the plastic fluidized material is 0.1 Mpa ≦ σy ≦ 10 Mpa.   The laminated support according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a volume filling rate of the hard filler is 25% to 74%.   The laminated support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard filler is a granular body formed in a granular form.   The laminated support according to claim 4, wherein a maximum particle diameter d of the granular material is 0.002 mm ≦ d ≦ 2.0 mm.   6. The laminated support according to claim 5, wherein the maximum particle diameter d of the granular material is 0.01 mm ≦ d ≦ 0.6 mm.   The laminated support according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the shape of the hard filler is substantially spherical.   The laminated support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard filler is formed by connecting a plurality of annular members formed in a substantially ring shape in a chain shape. .   The laminated support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard filler is a hard fiber.

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