JP2012098279A - ガス検知システム - Google Patents
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 361
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
- G01N21/774—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides the reagent being on a grating or periodic structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/005—H2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/783—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour for analysing gases
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】ガス検知システムは、チャンバハウジング16によって密閉された中空チャンバ14を有する検知モジュール10を含む。また、検知モジュールは、中空チャンバ14内に位置する検知光ファイバ18を含む。検知光ファイバ18に沿った格子位置に配置されたファイバブラッグ回折格子と、格子位置で検知光ファイバ18の外表面に固着された検知層とを含む。検知層とガス12とは、ガス12が中空チャンバ14内に向けられると、部分的にはガス12の熱伝導率に基づいて熱エネルギを交換する。熱エネルギ交換は、検知に必要な閾値シフトを超えるファイバブラッグ回折格子のブラッグ共振波長シフトを誘発し、このシフトはガス12を識別するために利用される。
【選択図】図2
Description
11 流量計
12 ガス
13 入口
14 中空チャンバ
15 熱放散器
16 チャンバハウジング
17 正面の中空チャンバ
18 検知光ファイバ
20 ファイバブラッグ回折格子
22 ファイバブラッグ回折格子
24 ファイバブラッグ回折格子
26 格子位置
27 出口
28 格子位置
30 格子位置
31 検知レーキ
32 検知層
33 ボンディング層
34 検知層
35 ボンディング層
36 検知層
37 ボンディング層
38 外表面
39 保護層
41 保護層
43 保護層
46 熱安定剤
48 外表面
50 厚さ
52 厚さ
54 厚さ
56 第1のガス
58 第2のガス
60 ガス
62 第1の濃度
64 第2の濃度
66 第3の濃度
100 ガス検知システム
102 広帯域光源
104 光カプラ
106 ファイバケーブル
110 検知モジュールハウジング
112 光検知器
114 プロセッサ
Claims (10)
- ガス(12)を識別するガス検知システム(100)であって、
チャンバハウジング(16)によって密閉された中空チャンバ(14)と、
該中空チャンバ(14)内に位置する検知光ファイバ(18)とを含む少なくとも1つの検知モジュール(10)と
を備え、
前記検知光ファイバ(118)は、
該ファイバ(18)に沿った格子位置(26)に配置されたファイバブラッグ回折格子(20)と、
該格子位置(26)で前記光ファイバ(18)の外表面(38)に固着された検知層(26)とを含むガスセンサと、
を備え、
前記ガスセンサの前記検知層(32)と前記ガス(12)とは、前記ガス(12)が前記中空チャンバ(14)内に向けられると、少なくとも部分的には前記ガス(12)の熱伝導率に基づいて熱エネルギを交換するように構成され、前記熱エネルギ交換は、検知に必要な閾値シフトを超える、前記ガスセンサのファイバブラッグ回折格子のブラッグ共振波長シフトを誘発するように構成され、前記ガス(12)を識別するために前記ブラッグ共振波長シフトが利用される、
ガス検知システム。 - 前記少なくとも1つの検知モジュール(10)が、前記チャンバハウジング(16)の外表面に固着され、前記検知層(32)と前記光ファイバ(18)とを前記ガス(12)が存在しない場合の第1の温度に保つように構成された熱安定剤(46)を更に含む、請求項1に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
- 前記ガス(12)を、前記第1の温度とは異なる初期の第2の温度で前記中空チャンバ(14)内に向けるように構成されたガス噴射機構を更に備えると共に、前記熱エネルギ交換は、前記第2の温度と前記第1の温度との間の温度差、及び前記検知層(32)の材料の熱伝達率に基づくものである、請求項2に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
- 前記熱エネルギ交換が、前記検知層(32)から前記ガス(12)への熱エネルギの散逸であり、該熱エネルギの散逸は、前記検知層(32)及び前記ファイバブラッグ回折格子(20)内の歪みを誘発するように構成され、該歪みは、前記検知層(32)の材料の熱膨張特性、及び前記検知層(32)の前記材料の厚さ(50)に基づくものである、請求項1に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
- 前記材料の前記熱膨張特性、及び前記材料の前記厚さ(50)が、ガスの検知に必要な閾値シフトを超える前記ブラッグ共振波長シフトを誘発するのに十分な、前記検知層(32)内及び前記ファイバブラッグ回折格子(20)内の歪みを誘発するように、前記検知層(32)の前記検知材料が選択される、請求項4に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
- 前記検知光ファイバ(18)が、複数の格子位置(26、28、30)に離間された複数のブラッグ回折格子(20、22、24)を含む複数のファイバガスセンサを含み、
検知層(32、34、36)がそれぞれの格子位置(26、28、30)で前記光ファイバ(18)の前記外表面(38)に固着され、少なくとも1つのファイバガスセンサの少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)が、ある範囲内の熱伝達率を有するガス(12)を検知するように調整された熱感度で構成され、前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)と前記熱伝達率の範囲内の前記ガス(12)との間の熱エネルギ交換は、それぞれの格子位置(26、28、30)での前記ファイバガス(12)センサの前記ファイバブラッグ回折格子(20、22、24)の、前記熱伝達率の範囲内の前記ガス(12)の検知に必要な閾値シフトを超える前記ブラッグ共振波長シフトを誘発するように構成された、請求項1に記載のガス検知システム(100)。 - 前記ガス検知システム(100)が、複数のガスの1つを識別するシステムであり、前記熱エネルギ交換が、前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)内、及び前記少なくとも1つのファイバガスセンサの前記ファイバブラッグ回折格子(20、22、24)内の歪みを誘発する前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)からの前記熱エネルギの散逸であり、前記歪みが、前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)の材料の熱膨張特性及び前記材料の厚さ(50、52、54)の少なくとも1つに基づくものである、請求項6に記載のセンサシステム(100)。
- 前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)内、及び前記少なくとも1つのファイバブラッグ回折格子(20、22、24)内の歪みが、ガスの検知に必要な閾値シフトを超える、前記少なくとも1つのファイバブラッグ回折格子の前記ブラッグ共振波長シフトを誘発するのに十分な歪みであるように、前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)の前記材料と、前記少なくとも1つの検知層(32、34、36)の前記厚さ(50、52、54)とが選択される、請求項7に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
- 各ファイバガスセンサに前記ブラッグ共振波長シフトを検知するように構成された光検知器(112)を更に備える、請求項6に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
- 前記検知層(32)と前記ファイバガスセンサとの温度が、前記検知層(32)から前記ガス(12)への熱エネルギの散逸によって、前記第1の温度から低下すると共に、
前記ガスが前記中空チャンバ(14)から流出すると、前記熱安定剤(46)は、第2のガスが前記中空チャンバ(14)内に向けられる前に、前記ファイバガスセンサ及び前記中空チャンバ(14)を前記第1の温度に再加熱するように構成された、請求項2に記載のガス検知システム(100)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/913,950 | 2010-10-28 | ||
US12/913,950 US8542955B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2010-10-28 | Gas detection system incorporating fiber gas sensors having fiber bragg gratings |
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JP2012098279A true JP2012098279A (ja) | 2012-05-24 |
JP2012098279A5 JP2012098279A5 (ja) | 2014-11-27 |
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JP2011230219A Pending JP2012098279A (ja) | 2010-10-28 | 2011-10-20 | ガス検知システム |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US8542955B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2012098279A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120047815A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102011054715A1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2485059B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8639066B2 (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-01-28 | General Electric Company | Nano-structured trampoline fiber gas sensor |
FR2985315B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-30 | 2014-03-14 | Andra | Dispositif de detection et/ou de dosage d'hydrogene et procede de detection et/ou de dosage d'hydrogene |
WO2014123519A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-14 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Devices, systems, and methods for detecting odorants |
WO2014204433A1 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2014-12-24 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Graded films |
CN103675217B (zh) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-11-18 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | 一种气体检测方法及装置 |
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GB201118484D0 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
KR20120047815A (ko) | 2012-05-14 |
GB2485059B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
GB2485059A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
US8542955B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 |
DE102011054715A1 (de) | 2012-05-03 |
US20120103066A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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