JP2012018867A - Lighting apparatus and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting apparatus which has low power consumption and also irradiates light with well-aligned polarization planes.SOLUTION: The lighting apparatus 10A comprises: first wire grids 106A and 106B formed on a transparent second substrate 101; an organic electroluminescence (EL) device 102 having a first electrode 103 and a second electrode 105; an insulating partition wall 110 which divides the first electrode 103 from the second electrode 105; and a conductive portion 107. The second electrode 105 is formed on the first wire grid 106A, and the first electrode 103 is electrically connected to the first wire grid 106B via the conductive portion 107.

Description

  The present invention relates to an illumination device including a light emitting element such as an organic EL (Electroluminescence Led) element, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic apparatus such as a display device including the same.

There is a reflective liquid crystal device that utilizes natural light from the outside as a light source for illuminating a liquid crystal panel.
The reflective liquid crystal device has an advantage that low power consumption can be achieved, but it is difficult to display in a dark place.

On the other hand, many liquid crystal display devices including an illumination device as an auxiliary light source have been developed.
This enables clear display even in a dark place by irradiating the liquid crystal panel with light from the illumination device according to the brightness of the place of use while utilizing natural light from the outside.
As such an illuminating device, a self-luminous element such as an organic EL element is used in a liquid crystal device that is required to be miniaturized such as a mobile phone.

Conventionally, the light emitted from these organic EL elements is non-polarized light, and it is necessary to align the polarization plane of the irradiated light by some means.
In patent document 1, the light which an organic EL element emits is transmitted through the wire grid which is a polarizing element, and the irradiation light with which the polarization plane was equal is obtained.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-65004

By the way, the organic EL element is composed of a light emitting functional layer and both anode and cathode electrodes sandwiching the light emitting functional layer from both sides.
In order to use such an organic EL element as a lighting device, light emitted from the light emitting functional layer is transmitted through either the anode or the cathode sandwiching the light emitting functional layer, and further through the wire grid. It is necessary to align the plane of polarization.
That is, at least one of the electrodes sandwiching the light emitting functional layer needs to be a transparent electrode.

Transparent electrodes for organic EL elements use transparent conductive materials such as ITO (indium tin oxide) as the anode, but these transparent conductive materials have higher resistivity and lower power consumption than metal materials such as Ag and Al. Is difficult to realize.
On the other hand, metal materials such as Ag and Al used as the cathode have low resistivity, but when these are used as the transparent electrode, it is necessary to make the film thickness extremely thin in order to transmit light. As a result, the resistance value increases, and it is difficult to reduce power consumption.

  As described above, in the conventional method, it is possible to obtain irradiation light having a uniform polarization plane from an organic EL element by using a wire grid, but a transparent electrode is an essential component for the configuration of the organic EL element. For this reason, it has been difficult to reduce the power consumption of the light emitting device.

  In view of the above-described circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an illumination device capable of irradiating light with a uniform polarization plane while realizing low power consumption.

The lighting device according to the present invention solves the above-described problem,
A first substrate, a transparent second substrate,
A light emitting device comprising a first electrode, a transparent second electrode, and a light emitting functional layer;
A first wire grid formed on the second substrate;
An insulating partition formed on the second substrate and separating the first electrode and the second electrode;
Is provided.

According to this lighting device,
The second electrode is formed on the second substrate and the first wire grid.
The first wire grid is composed of fine linear conductive members arranged in parallel at a constant pitch. Therefore, among the light incident on the first wire grid, the light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member is transmitted and the light of the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member is reflected. The illumination device can irradiate light with a uniform polarization plane.
Moreover, since the 1st wire grid is comprised with the electrically-conductive member, when a 1st wire grid is connected to a 2nd electrode, the synthetic resistance value of a 1st wire grid and a 2nd electrode will fall. For this reason, it becomes possible to reduce power supply impedance and reduce the power consumption of the lighting device.
That is, the first wire grid for obtaining polarized light can also be used for lowering the power supply impedance.

In the above-described lighting device,
Preferably, the first electrode is electrically connected to the first wire grid via a conductive part.
In this case, the combined resistance value of the first wire grid and the first electrode is lowered. For this reason, it becomes possible to reduce power supply impedance and reduce the power consumption of the lighting device.
That is, the first wire grid for obtaining polarized light can also be used for lowering the power supply impedance.

In the above-described lighting device, the light emitting functional layer includes the shielding material formed on the first substrate, and when the shielding material is viewed from a direction orthogonal to the first substrate, It is preferable to overlap.
When the lighting device described above is used as a front light of a reflective liquid crystal device, the liquid crystal device is disposed on the second substrate side as viewed from the light emitting functional layer. The observer is located on the first substrate side when viewed from the light emitting functional layer. Of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer, the light directed to the second substrate side is reflected inside the liquid crystal device and light-modulated toward the observer. This light contributes to the display. On the other hand, of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer, the light traveling toward the first substrate does not contribute to display. According to the present invention, since the light irradiated to the first substrate side from the light emitting functional layer is absorbed by the shielding material, most of the light reaching the observer is light reflected by the liquid crystal device. Can do. Therefore, the visibility and contrast of the display device can be improved.

In the above-described lighting device,
It is preferable that a reflective PS conversion element is provided on the second substrate side on the shielding material.
Of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer, the light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the first wire grid is transmitted through the first wire grid. On the other hand, the electric field vector component light parallel to the first wire grid is reflected by the first wire grid and reaches the PS conversion element. The PS conversion element has a function of reflecting the direction of the electric field of incident light by shifting it by 90 degrees. For this reason, when the light reflected by the first wire grid is re-reflected by the PS conversion element, it is converted into light of an electric field vector component perpendicular to the first wire grid. Since this light passes through the first wire grid, the light can be effectively used.

In the above-described lighting device,
A second wire grid comprising a plurality of linear conductive members formed on the first electrode;
The conductive member of the second wire grid is preferably orthogonal to the conductive member of the first wire grid.
In this case, the light of the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member constituting the second wire grid is reflected among the light irradiated to the first substrate side from the light emitting functional layer and incident on the second wire grid. This reflected light is electric field vector component light perpendicular to the conductive members constituting the first wire grid. Therefore, the reflected light can pass through the first wire grid, and the light can be effectively used.

  An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the above-described lighting device. As such an electronic apparatus, a personal computer, a cellular phone, a portable information terminal, or the like to which the display device including the lighting device according to the present invention is applied.

In the method of manufacturing the lighting device according to the present invention, the partition is formed on the second substrate, the first wire grid is formed on the second substrate, and the second substrate and the first wire are formed. The second electrode is formed on the grid so as to be in contact with the partition, the light emitting functional layer is formed on the second electrode so as to be in contact with the partition, the second substrate, the partition, The first electrode is formed on the light emitting functional layer, a second filling layer is formed so as to cover the second substrate and the first electrode, and the first filling layer is formed on the first substrate. And the first filling layer and the second filling layer are bonded to each other.
According to this manufacturing method, it is possible to manufacture an illuminating device that has both the function of obtaining polarized light on the first wire grid and the function of reducing the power supply impedance.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a lighting device, wherein the first wire grid is formed in a first region and a second region on the second substrate, and the first wire grid formed in the first region is formed. The second electrode is formed on the first wire grid, the conductive part is formed on the first wire grid formed in the second region, and the second substrate, the second electrode, and the conductive part are formed. The partition is formed so as to separate the second electrode and the conductive portion, the light emitting functional layer is formed on the second electrode so as to be in contact with the partition, the light emitting functional layer, The first electrode is formed on the partition and the conductive portion, a second filling layer is formed so as to cover the first electrode, and a first filling layer is formed on the first substrate. The first filling layer and the second filling layer are bonded to each other.
According to this manufacturing method, since not only the second electrode but also the conductive portion is formed on the first wire grid, it is possible to manufacture a lighting device that can further reduce the power supply impedance.

It is sectional drawing which shows the display apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an illuminating device among the display apparatuses of FIG. 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the electrical property which the organic EL element with which the illuminating device which concerns on embodiment of this invention was equipped has. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an illuminating device among the display apparatuses of FIG. 1 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an illuminating device among the display apparatuses of FIG. 1 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an illuminating device among the display apparatuses of FIG. 1 which concerns on the modification 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an illuminating device among the display apparatuses of FIG. 1 which concerns on the modification 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows 1 process of the procedure which manufactures the light-emitting device of FIG. It is a figure which shows the next process of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a step subsequent to that in FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a step subsequent to FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a step subsequent to FIG. 11. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a step subsequent to FIG. 12. It is a figure which shows the next process of FIG. It is a figure which shows the next process of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the personal computer which has a display apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the mobile telephone which has a display apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the portable information terminal which has a display apparatus which concerns on this invention.

<A: First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, various embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the ratio of dimensions of each part is appropriately changed from the actual one.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The display device 1 includes a lighting device 10 </ b> A and a liquid crystal device 20. The illumination device 10 </ b> A is used as a light source of the liquid crystal device 20.
The liquid crystal device 20 includes, for example, an element substrate, a counter substrate, and liquid crystal sandwiched between the element substrate and the counter substrate. A plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines are formed on the element substrate, and a plurality of pixel circuits are formed in a matrix corresponding to the intersection of the scanning lines and the data lines. Each of the plurality of pixel circuits includes a selection transistor, a pixel electrode, and a storage capacitor. When the scanning signal supplied via the scanning line becomes active, the selection transistor is turned on and the data signal supplied via the data line is applied to the pixel electrode. On the other hand, on the counter substrate, counter electrodes common to a plurality of pixel circuits are formed. A liquid crystal capacitor is configured by the pixel electrode, the counter electrode, and the liquid crystal sandwiched therebetween. Even when the scanning signal becomes inactive and the selection transistor is turned off, the data signal written to the pixel electrode is held by the liquid crystal capacitor and the holding capacitor. Note that a driving circuit for driving data lines and scanning lines may be formed on the element substrate.
The liquid crystal device 20 of the present embodiment is a reflection type, and the pixel electrode is made of a reflective metal. In this case, the illumination device 10A functions as a front light. That is, in this embodiment, the light emitted from the illumination device 10A is reflected by the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal device 20, and the reflected light passes through the illumination device 10A again and reaches the observer located at the top of the figure. It will be.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the illumination device 10A.
The illumination device 10A includes a light emitting unit 100A that emits light and a light shielding unit 100B.
The light emitting unit 100A includes a second substrate 101 on which the first wire grids 106A and 106B are formed, a conductive unit 107, a plurality of organic EL elements 102, and a partition wall (separator) that electrically separates the plurality of organic EL elements 102. ) 110 and the second filling layer 111.
The light shielding unit 100 </ b> B includes a first substrate 121, a shielding material 122, and a first filling layer 123. Although not shown, the light emitting unit 100A and the light shielding unit 100B are bonded by a transparent adhesive.

The second substrate 101 is a transparent glass substrate. On the second substrate 101, first wire grids 106A and 106B are formed.
In the following description, when the first wire grids 106A and 106B are not distinguished, they are collectively referred to as the first wire grid 106.
The first wire grid 106 is formed by making conductive members such as aluminum into a fine linear shape and arranging them in parallel (stripe) at a constant pitch (for example, 200 nm or less).
When the pitch of the conductive member constituting the first wire grid is smaller than the wavelength of incident light (in the case of visible light, the wavelength is 400 nm to 800 nm) (for example, in the case of visible light, the pitch is 200 nm or less) The light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the member passes, but the light is reflected by the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member.
In this example, the first wire grid 106 and the second substrate 101 are in contact with each other. However, since the first wire grid 106 is used to obtain polarized light, the second substrate 101 and the first wire grid 106 are A layer (transparent layer) made of an insulating transparent material may be provided therebetween. In addition, when it has a transparent layer on the 2nd board | substrate 101, it cannot be overemphasized that these can be considered as one board | substrate integrally.

The organic EL element 102 includes a first electrode 103, a light emitting functional layer 104, and a second electrode 105. On the second substrate 101, wiring for supplying light to the organic EL element 102 to emit light is formed, but illustration of the wiring is omitted. In this example, a plurality of organic EL elements 102 are formed in the light emitting unit 100A.
The second electrode 105 is an anode and is formed of a transparent oxide conductive material such as ITO (indium tin oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), or ZnO ₂ . As shown in FIG. 2, the second electrode 105 is formed on the second substrate 101 and the first wire grid 106A (to be integrated with the first wire grid 106A).

  The light emitting functional layer 104 includes at least a light emitting layer, and the light emitting layer is made of an organic EL material that emits light by combining holes and electrons. In this embodiment, the organic EL material is a low molecular material. As another layer constituting the light emitting functional layer 104, a part or all of an electron block layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and a hole block layer may be provided. The light emitting functional layer 104 is formed on the second electrode 105 so as to be in contact with the partition 110.

  The first electrode 103 is a cathode and is a transparent electrode formed from a metal thin film such as aluminum or silver. The first electrode 103 is formed so as to cover all the light emitting functional layers 104, the partition walls 110, and all the conductive portions 107.

Similar to the second electrode 105, the conductive portion 107 is formed of a transparent oxide conductive material such as ITO (indium tin oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), or ZnO ₂ . The conductive portion 107 is formed on the second substrate 101 and the first wire grid 106B (integrated with the first wire grid 106B). In the present embodiment, a plurality of conductive portions 107 are formed in the light emitting portion 100A.

The partition 110 is made of an insulating transparent material such as acrylic or polyimide. The partition 110 is formed on the second substrate 101, the second electrode 105, and the conductive portion 107.
The partition 110 prevents the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 105 and the conductive portion 107 and the second electrode 105 from being divided and short-circuited.

  The material of the second filling layer 111 is a transparent inorganic compound. The second filling layer 111 is formed on the first electrode 103 so as to be in contact with the entire surface of the first electrode 103. The second filling layer 111 is bonded to the first filling layer 123 of the light shielding unit 100B with an adhesive. Although illustration is omitted, the adhesive is formed of a transparent resin, for example, an epoxy resin.

The first substrate 121 is a transparent glass substrate. A shielding material 122 that shields light is formed on the first substrate 121. The shielding material 122 is made of a low reflection material such as chromium oxide.
Since the outside light is absorbed by the shielding material, the outside light is prevented from being reflected by an electrode constituting the organic EL element 102 and the contrast is improved.
In addition, a first filling layer 123 made of a transparent inorganic compound is disposed on the first substrate 121. The first filling layer 123 is bonded to the second filling layer 111 of the light emitting unit 100A by the adhesive.

In the present embodiment, the lighting device 10 </ b> A includes a single first electrode 103, a plurality of light emitting functional layers 104, and a plurality of second electrodes 105. When a current flows between the first electrode 103 and each second electrode 105, only the light emitting functional layer 104 that is directly connected to the second electrode 105 through which the current flows emits light.
2 from the light emitting functional layer 104 (that is, the second substrate 101 side when viewed from the light emitting functional layer 104) and the upper direction 104b of FIG. 2 (that is, the first substrate 121 side when viewed from the light emitting functional layer 104). ) And light is emitted toward both sides.

Light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the upward direction 104 b is absorbed by the shielding material 122. On the other hand, the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the downward direction 104a and transmitted through the second electrode 105, the first wire grid 106A, and the second substrate 101 illuminates the liquid crystal device 20.
As described above, the wire grid transmits only light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the wire grid, and light of the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member constituting the wire grid. Reflect.
That is, the irradiation light transmitted through the first wire grid 106A is aligned in the direction perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the first wire grid, and illuminates the liquid crystal device 20 as linearly polarized light. Become.
Of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the downward direction 104a, the light of the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member of the first wire grid 106A is directed upward in the upward direction 104b by the first wire grid 106A. Reflected. A large proportion of the reflected light is absorbed by the shielding material 122.

FIG. 3 shows an equivalent circuit of the organic EL element 102 and the power supply line. The light emitting element E represents the light emitting functional layer 104 in the organic EL element 102. The resistance Ra indicates the distributed resistance of the anode of the organic EL element 102. Specifically, the resistor Ra is configured by the second electrode 105, the first wire grid 106A, and the wiring on the second substrate 101 electrically connected thereto.
The resistance Rb indicates the distributed resistance of the cathode of the organic EL element 102. Specifically, the resistance Rb is on the first electrode 103, the conductive portion 107, the first wire grid 106B, and the second substrate 101 electrically connected thereto. The resistor Rb is configured by the wiring.

The second electrode 105 constituting the resistor Ra is made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO, and has a higher resistance value than a metal such as Ag or Al. However, since the resistor Ra includes the first wire grid 106A that is a conductive member, the resistance value of the resistor Ra can be kept low.
The first electrode 103 constituting the resistor Rb is formed of a metal film having a low resistance value such as MgAg. However, the first electrode 103 has a high resistance value because the film thickness is extremely thin so that light can be transmitted. However, since the resistance Rb includes the first wire grid 106B, which is a conductive member, the resistance value of the resistance Rb can be kept low.

As described above, the present embodiment includes the first wire grid 106, and these are electrically connected to the anode and the cathode of the organic EL element 102. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress the resistance value of the power supply line of the organic EL element 102 low.
That is, the present embodiment has an advantage that the power consumption of the lighting device 10A can be reduced.

Moreover, this embodiment has the advantage that the light with which the polarization plane was arrange | equalized can be obtained from 10 A of illumination apparatuses by having the 1st wire grid 106 in the illumination apparatus 10. FIG.
Furthermore, this embodiment has a structure in which the first wire grid 106 is formed integrally with the anode or cathode of the organic EL element 102, and it is necessary to interpose a polarizing plate or the like separately from the organic EL element 102. No.
That is, this embodiment has an advantage that the lighting device 10A can be made thinner and lighter.

In this embodiment, the shielding material 122 is formed so as to cover the light emitting functional layer 104 as viewed from the observer.
Thereby, the shielding material 122 absorbs both the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the upward direction 104b and the light emitted in the downward direction 104a and reflected by the first wire grid 106 in the upward direction 104b. It prevents it from reaching the observer directly.
That is, the illumination device 10 </ b> A according to the present embodiment has an advantage of improving the visibility and contrast of the display device 1.

Next, a method for manufacturing the illumination device 10A according to the first embodiment will be described.
First, a second substrate 101 made of glass such as non-alkali glass or plastic is prepared. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8, the first wire grid 106A is formed in the first region X1 on the second substrate 101, and the first wire grid 106B is formed in the second region X2 on the second substrate 101.
For example, an aluminum film having a uniform thickness of 30 nm is formed on the entire surface of the second substrate 101 by sputtering and then sintered in an oven. Then, a resist is formed in a line and space stripe shape with a pitch of 200 nm on the aluminum film by exposure by photolithography, and etching is performed from the resist pattern, thereby patterning the first wire grids 106A and 106B shown in the drawing. To remove the resist. Further, a nanoimprinting method may be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the second electrode 105 is formed on the first region X1 of the second substrate 101 and on the first wire grid 106A.
For example, an ITO film having a uniform thickness of 50 nm is formed on the entire surface of the second substrate 101 by sputtering and then sintered in an oven. Then, a resist is formed on a required portion of the ITO film by exposure using a photolithography technique, and etching is performed from the resist pattern, whereby the second electrode 105 shown in the figure is patterned and the resist is peeled off.
Further, the conductive portion 107 is formed on the second region X2 of the second substrate 101 and the first wire grid 106B by the same method.

Next, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the partition 110 is formed on the second substrate 101, the second electrode 105, and the conductive portion 107.
For example, a photosensitive material is mixed with acrylic or polyimide used as the material of the partition 110, and the partition 110 is patterned by exposure using a photolithography technique, followed by curing and baking.

Subsequently, the panel in this state is baked for dehydration.
After that, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the light emitting functional layer 104 is formed on the second electrode 105 so as to be in contact with the partition 110. The light emitting functional layer 104 includes, for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. The hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer are arranged from the side closer to the second electrode 105 that is the anode toward the far side. Vapor deposition is used to form these layers.

After all the light emitting functional layers 104 are formed in this way, the first electrode 103 is formed as shown in FIG.
For example, Al, MgAg, or the like is formed on the entire surface of the light emitting functional layer 104, the conductive portion 107, and the partition 110 by vapor deposition so as to have a uniform thickness of, for example, 10 nm.
Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the second filling layer 111 is formed by vapor deposition so as to cover the first electrode 103.
Thus, the light emitting unit 100A is formed.

Next, a first substrate 121 made of glass such as non-alkali glass or plastic is prepared. Then, as shown in FIG. 14, a shielding material 122 is formed on the first substrate 121.
For example, a low reflective material film such as chromium oxide is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate 121 by sputtering to have a uniform thickness of 50 nm, and then sintered in an oven. Then, a resist is formed on a required portion by exposure using a photolithography technique on the low reflection material film, and the resist pattern is patterned by etching from the resist pattern, and the resist is peeled off. .
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, a first filling layer 123 is formed so as to cover the first substrate 121 and the shielding material 122.
Thus, the light shielding part 100B is formed.

  Finally, the second filling layer 111 and the first filling layer 123 are bonded with an adhesive. As a result, the light emitting unit 100A and the light shielding unit 100B are bonded together to form the lighting device 10A.

<B. Second Embodiment>
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the illumination device 10B according to the second embodiment.
The illuminating device 10B of 2nd Embodiment is comprised similarly to 10 A of illuminating devices of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except the point provided with the PS conversion element 124. FIG.
The PS conversion element 124 includes, for example, a quarter wavelength plate 124a and a mirror 124b.
The quarter-wave plate 124 a is fixed to the reflection surface side of the mirror 124 b, and the other surface of the mirror 124 b is fixed to the lower surface 122 a of the shielding material 122.

The light in the upward direction 104b incident on the quarter-wave plate 124a is given a phase difference π / 2 between the light of two orthogonal electric field vector components constituting the incident light by the quarter-wave plate 124a. After being reflected by the mirror 124b, the phase difference π / 2 is given again by the quarter-wave plate 124a, and the light is emitted in the downward direction 104a.
That is, the PS conversion element 124 reflects a phase difference of a total of 180 degrees (an optical path difference of ½ wavelength) with respect to one of two orthogonal electric field vector components constituting incident light. The direction of the electric field of the reflected light is shifted by 90 degrees from the incident light.
For example, when linearly polarized light is incident on the PS conversion element 124, the linearly polarized light of the electric field vector component in a direction orthogonal to the incident light is reflected. (However, when circularly polarized light is incident, it reflects circularly polarized light of an electric field vector component that draws a trajectory opposite to the incident light.)

Next, operation | movement of the illuminating device 10B is demonstrated.
First, of the light emitted toward the lower direction 104 a from the light emitting functional layer 104, the light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member of the first wire grid 106 is transmitted through the first wire grid 106.
Of the light irradiated downward from the light emitting functional layer 104 toward the lower direction 104a, the light of the electric field vector component parallel to the first wire grid 106 is reflected by the first wire grid 106 in the upper direction 104b and converted into PS. The element 124 is reached. The reflected light is re-reflected in the downward direction 104 a after the direction of the electric field is shifted by 90 degrees by the PS conversion element 124 and reaches the first wire grid 106 again. Since the re-reflected light is light of an electric field vector component perpendicular to the first wire grid 106, it passes through the first wire grid 106.

On the other hand, the light emitted toward the upper direction 104 b from the light emitting functional layer 104 is reflected by the mirror 124 b of the PS conversion element 124 in the lower direction 104 a and reaches the first wire grid 106.
Of this reflected light, the light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the first wire grid 106 passes through the first wire grid 106.
Of this reflected light, the light of the electric field vector component that is horizontal to the first wire grid 106 is re-reflected by the first wire grid 106 in the upward direction 104 b and reaches the PS conversion element 124. The re-reflected light is converted into light of an electric field vector component perpendicular to the first wire grid 106 by the PS conversion element 124 and is reflected again in the downward direction 104a, and thus passes through the first wire grid 106.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the PS device 124 is provided in the lighting device 10B, so that the light reflected without being transmitted through the first wire grid 106 is converted into light that can be transmitted through the first wire grid 106. Then, it can be re-reflected and transmitted through the first wire grid 106.
That is, the light irradiated from the light emitting functional layer 104 is the light irradiated in the upward direction 104b and the light irradiated in the downward direction 104a (above the lighting device 10B without being reflected by the PS conversion element 124). In theory, all light passes through the first wire grid 106 (except for light that diverges in the direction 104b).
In other words, the lighting device 10B of the present embodiment has an advantage that the light use efficiency can be increased, thereby reducing the power consumption.

<C. Third Embodiment>
FIG. 5 shows a lighting device 10C according to the third embodiment. The illuminating device 10C of the third embodiment is configured in the same manner as the illuminating device 10A of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except that a second wire grid 125 is provided.
The second wire grid 125 is formed on the first electrode 103 at a position that covers the light emitting functional layer 104 when viewed from the shielding material 122. Similar to the first wire grid 106, the second wire grid 125 is made of a conductive member such as aluminum having a fine linear shape, and is parallel with a pitch smaller than the wavelength of incident light (for example, 200 nm or less). Are arranged in stripes.
However, the conductive member constituting the second wire grid 125 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the first wire grid 106.

The second wire grid 125 transmits the light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the second wire grid 125 and reflects the light of the parallel electric field vector component among the incident light to the second wire grid 125. To do.
Therefore, the light of the electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the second wire grid 125 out of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the upward direction 104b passes through the second wire grid 125, Absorbed by the shielding material 122.

  Of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the upward direction 104 b, the light of the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member constituting the second wire grid 125 is moved downward in the downward direction 104 a by the second wire grid 125. Reflected. Since the reflected light is an electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the first wire grid 106, it passes through the first wire grid 106.

  On the other hand, of the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 in the downward direction 104a, the light of the electric field vector component parallel to the conductive member constituting the first wire grid 106 is transmitted in the upward direction 104b by the first wire grid 106. Reflected. Since the reflected light is light of an electric field vector component perpendicular to the conductive member constituting the second wire grid 125, it is transmitted by the second wire grid 125 and then absorbed by the shielding material 122.

Thus, since the illuminating device 10C according to the present embodiment includes the second wire grid 125, the light reflected by the second wire grid 125 out of the light irradiated in the upward direction 104b from the light emitting functional layer 104 is as follows. The first wire grid 106 can be transmitted.
In other words, the lighting device 10C of the present embodiment has an advantage that the light use efficiency can be increased, thereby reducing the power consumption.

<D. Modification>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, the following modifications are possible.
(1) Modification 1
In the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment described above, the illumination devices 10A, 10B, and 10C are applied as front lights. That is, the reflective liquid crystal device 20 is disposed on the second substrate side when viewed from the light emitting functional layer 104, and the observer is positioned on the first substrate 121 side when viewed from the light emitting functional layer 104.
However, the present invention is not limited to such a form, and the lighting device 10 can be applied as a backlight.
When the illumination device 10 is applied as a backlight, the observer is positioned on the second substrate 101 side (the lower side of the liquid crystal device 20 in FIG. 1) when viewed from the light emitting functional layer 104. The light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 is optically modulated inside the liquid crystal device 20 and then transmitted to reach the observer.

In this case, the liquid crystal device 20 is configured as a transmissive type or a transflective type. The material constituting the first substrate 121, the first filling layer 123, and the second filling layer 111 is not a transparent material but a material that absorbs or reflects light. Further, it is not necessary to provide the shielding material 122.
The first electrode 103 is formed of a reflective metal material, and reflects the light emitted from the light emitting functional layer 104 toward the upper direction 104b toward the lower direction 104a. That is, the first electrode 103 is not a transparent electrode made of a metal thin film such as MgAg, but is allowed to have a sufficient thickness. Therefore, the resistance value of the first electrode 103 can be kept low, and low power consumption can be realized.

(2) Modification 2
In the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment described above, the first electrode 103 is electrically connected to the first wire grid 106 </ b> B via the conductive portion 107.
However, the present invention is not limited to such a form, and unlike the lighting device 10D shown in FIG. 6, the conductive portion 107 is not provided, and the first electrode 103 and the first wire grid 106 are electrically connected. It can also be set as the structure which is not connected to.

(3) Modification 3
In the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment described above, the illumination devices 10A, 10B, and 10C each include a plurality of organic EL elements 102.
However, the present invention is not limited to such a form, and can be configured to include only a single organic EL element 102 as in a lighting device 10E illustrated in FIG.

As in the second modification, the third modification has a configuration in which the illumination device 10 </ b> E does not include the conductive portion 107. The illumination device 10E is applied as a backlight, and the liquid crystal device 20 is configured as a transmissive type or a transflective type. As the first electrode 103, a reflective metal material having a certain thickness is used.
In addition, the illuminating device 10E cannot be applied as a front light. Since the light emitting functional layer 104 is a surface light source, if the shielding material 122 is provided on the first substrate 121 so as to cover the light emitting functional layer 104, the lighting device 10E cannot irradiate light upward 104b, and conversely, If the material 122 is not provided, all the light that does not contribute to the display irradiated in the upward direction 104b from the light emitting functional layer 104 reaches the observer, and the visibility and contrast of the display device are significantly reduced. It is.

Below, the method to manufacture the illuminating device 10E based on the modification 3 is demonstrated.
First, a second substrate 101 made of glass such as non-alkali glass or plastic is prepared. Subsequently, a first wire grid 106 is formed on the substrate 101. For example, an aluminum film having a uniform thickness of 30 nm is formed on the entire surface of the second substrate 101 by sputtering and then sintered in an oven. Then, a resist is formed on the aluminum film in a line-and-space stripe pattern with a pitch of 200 nm by exposure using a photolithography technique, and the first wire grid 106 is patterned by etching from the resist pattern. Peel off. Further, a nanoimprinting method may be used.

  Next, the partition 110 is formed on the second substrate 101. For example, a photosensitive material is mixed with acrylic or polyimide used as the material of the partition 110, and the partition 110 is patterned by exposure using a photolithography technique, followed by curing.

  Further, the second electrode 105 is formed on the substrate 101 and the first wire grid 106. In this case, unlike the first embodiment or the like, patterning of the second electrode is not necessary, and can be formed by vapor deposition.

Subsequently, the panel in this state is baked for dehydration. After that, the light emitting functional layer 104 is formed on the second electrode 105 in a region partitioned by the partition 110.
The light emitting functional layer 104 includes, for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. The hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer are arranged from the side closer to the second electrode 105 that is the anode toward the far side. Vapor deposition is used to form these layers.
After all the light emitting functional layers 104 are formed in this way, the first electrode 103 is formed.
For example, a film of Al, MgAg, or the like is formed on the entire surface of the light emitting functional layer 104, the partition 110, and the second substrate 101 with a uniform thickness that has reflectivity by vapor deposition.
Further, the second filling layer 111 is formed by vapor deposition so as to cover the first electrode 103. Thus, the light emitting unit 100A is formed.

Meanwhile, a first substrate 121 made of glass such as non-alkali glass or plastic is prepared. Then, the first filling layer 123 is formed so as to cover the first substrate 121. Thus, the light shielding part 100B is formed.
Finally, the second filling layer 111 and the first filling layer 123 are bonded with an adhesive. As a result, the light emitting unit 100A and the light shielding unit 100B are bonded together to form the lighting device 10E.

<E. Application example>
Next, an electronic apparatus using the display device 1 according to each aspect described above will be described. FIGS. 16 to 18 show a form of an electronic apparatus that employs the display device 1 as a display device.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a mobile personal computer employing the display device 1. The personal computer 2000 includes a display device 1 that displays various images, and a main body 2010 on which a power switch 2001 and a keyboard 2002 are installed.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a mobile phone to which the display device 1 is applied. The cellular phone 3000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 3001, scroll buttons 3002, and a display device 1 that displays various images. By operating the scroll button 3002, the screen displayed on the display device 1 is scrolled.

  FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a personal digital assistant (PDA) to which the display device 1 is applied. The information portable terminal 4000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 4001, a power switch 4002, and a display device 1 that displays various images. When the power switch 4002 is operated, various information such as an address book and a schedule book are displayed on the display device 1.

  Note that electronic devices to which the light emitting device according to the present invention is applied include, in addition to the devices illustrated in FIGS. 18 to 20, digital still cameras, televisions, video cameras, car navigation devices, pagers, electronic notebooks, electronic papers, Examples include calculators, word processors, workstations, videophones, POS terminals, printers, scanners, copiers, video players, devices equipped with touch panels, and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10A ... Illuminating device, 100A ... Light emission part, 100B ... Light-shielding part, 101 ... 2nd board | substrate, 102 ... Organic EL element, 103 ... 1st electrode, 104 ... Light emission functional layer, 104a ... Bottom Direction 104b ... upward direction 105 ... second electrode 106 ... first wire grid 106A ... first wire grid 106B ... first wire grid 107 ... conductive part 110 ... partition wall 111... Second filling layer, 121... First substrate, 122... Shielding material, 122 a.

Claims (9)

A first substrate;
A transparent second substrate;
A light emitting device comprising a first electrode, a transparent second electrode, and a light emitting functional layer;
A first wire grid;
An insulating partition formed on the second substrate and separating the first electrode and the second electrode;
With
The first wire grid is formed on the second substrate;
The second electrode is formed on the second substrate and the first wire grid.
A lighting device characterized by that.   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is electrically connected to the first wire grid through a conductive portion. A shielding material formed on the first substrate;
When the shielding material is viewed from a direction orthogonal to the first substrate, the entire light emitting functional layer overlaps the shielding material.
The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the illumination device is a light source.   The illuminating device with a polarizing function according to claim 3, further comprising a reflective PS conversion element on the second substrate side on the shielding material.   A second wire grid formed from a plurality of linear conductive members arranged in a direction orthogonal to the linear conductive members constituting the first wire grid is provided on the first electrode. The illumination device with a polarization function according to claim 3.   A display apparatus provided with the illuminating device of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5.   An electronic apparatus comprising the display device according to claim 6. A method of manufacturing the lighting device according to claim 1,
Forming the partition on the second substrate;
Forming the first wire grid on the second substrate;
Forming the second electrode on the second substrate and the first wire grid so as to be in contact with the partition;
Forming the light emitting functional layer on the second electrode so as to be in contact with the partition;
Forming the first electrode on the second substrate, the partition, and the light emitting functional layer;
Forming a second filling layer so as to cover the second substrate and the first electrode;
Forming a first filling layer on the first substrate;
Bonding the first filling layer and the second filling layer;
A method for manufacturing a lighting device. A method of manufacturing the lighting device according to claim 2,
Forming the first wire grid in the first region and the second region on the second substrate;
Forming the second electrode on the first wire grid formed in the first region;
Forming the conductive portion on the first wire grid formed in the second region;
Forming the partition on the second substrate, the second electrode, and the conductive portion so as to partition the second electrode and the conductive portion;
Forming the light emitting functional layer on the second electrode so as to be in contact with the partition;
Forming the first electrode on the light emitting functional layer, the partition, and the conductive portion;
Forming a second filling layer so as to cover the first electrode;
Forming a first filling layer on the first substrate;
Bonding the first filling layer and the second filling layer;
A method for manufacturing a lighting device.

Images