JP2012017195A - Waste storage equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent transporting efficiency from being deteriorated due to a smaller amount of waste than that of waste to be loaded in a cargo box, for example in the case of waste of small specific gravities because the weights of them recycled to be housed in the cargo box are largely different if a volume of the waste to be judged is always kept constant by mounting stationary type sensors when a various kinds of waste of different specific gravities are treated.SOLUTION: A ramp of the waste that is deposited like a crest type inside a cargo box is detected by providing long holes at surface sides of the cargo box. This enables the system to change volumes of the waste to be housed, thereby increasing loading efficiency in a cargo box by keeping loaded amounts almost constant although they are of different specific gravities.

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage storage facility for collecting and storing garbage on the floor in a packing box on the lower floor.

Conventionally, garbage storage equipment used in multi-level buildings such as multistory parking lots has an inlet on the floor and a transport pipe (dust chute) with an outlet on the lowest floor, near the exit Are provided with a shutter and a discharge unit, and a detection device (sensor) below the shutter, and a packing box (container) for storing garbage is installed below the shutter.
When people throw in garbage at each floor, the garbage falls downstairs while being guided by the dust chute, and the garbage accumulates in the container.
When the dust reaches the height at which the sensor is mounted, the sensor detects the apex of the accumulated dust.
When the sensor detects dust, the shutter closes, the waste is temporarily stopped, and the full container is carried out (see Patent Document 1).

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9, dust chutes 103 are provided from the upper floor to the lower floor, an entrance 105 is provided on each floor, a shutter 104 is provided near the exit of the dust chute 103, and the shutter 104 A discharge unit 106 is provided below, and a photoelectric sensor 107 is provided below the discharge unit 106, and a cargo box (container 102) is placed on a cart 108 that is installed substantially horizontally below the photoelectric sensor 107. . Although the dust chute 103 may be bent in the middle, the discharge unit 106 at the lower end is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal floor surface, and the container 102 is installed vertically below the discharge unit 106, The center of the container floor is in a straight line.

  A gap is provided between the photoelectric sensor 107 and the container 102 and is used to move the placed container 102.

  The size of the container 102 is unified to a size that allows a person to carry out the stored garbage.

  In the case of FIG. 9, garbage such as paper, cans, and bottles are discarded in a state of being packed in a bag without being compressed or crushed while remaining in an original form. Such dust generally becomes a mountain shape when the dust chute 103 is dropped and accumulated.

The photoelectric sensor 107 is configured to detect a wide range in the upper opening of the container 102 by providing a plurality of sets of light projecting units and light receiving units at intervals.
The photoelectric sensor 107 does not detect even if dust temporarily passes through the light beam position, but when the height of the dust accumulated in the mountain shape exceeds the light beam position of the photoelectric sensor 107 and the dust blocks the light for a certain period of time. To detect. It was determined whether or not the garbage collected and stored in the container 102 exceeded a predetermined amount based on the presence or absence of such detection.

JP 2004-162288 A (FIGS. 4 and 5)

However, as in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-133707, for example, recycling of a predetermined amount of garbage by detecting the apex portion of garbage accumulated in a mountain shape above the upper end of the container with a photoelectric sensor and determining the predetermined amount of garbage It is not suitable for garbage processed at facilities.
This is because the recycling facility has a number of separation lines, and the type of garbage collected by each line is different. In other words, high-purity garbage is loaded in each container, but even if it is in the same building, there is a large difference in specific gravity when comparing the garbage generated in each line, and the load weight of the garbage deposited in each container is different. Because.

If the detection position of the sensor with respect to all containers is made constant, the volume of garbage when it is accommodated will be constant, the load weight will change greatly due to the specific gravity, and there will be a problem that the transportation efficiency will deteriorate due to the following reasons .
Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the loading volume according to the specific gravity of the garbage in each sorting line.

In other words, if the detection position of the sensor is fixed for waste with extremely different specific gravity (recycled waste: plastic, non-combustible waste, bottles, cans, etc.), the volume of the stored waste will be approximately the same, resulting in an increase in load weight. Cause overs and shorts.
For example, if a photoelectric sensor is installed in the gap between the shutter and the container based on a small specific gravity such as plastic waste, if it is a large specific gravity iron waste, etc., it can exceed the weight that can be loaded into the container if it is stored until the light is blocked There is sex.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a waste storage facility that can adjust the loading capacity according to the specific gravity when loading garbage having different specific gravity. With the goal.

Garbage supply means, a packing box that can be installed underneath, a hole provided in a side wall of the packing box, a sensor installed at a position facing the outside of the packing box at the time of installation, and an end of the supply means The sensor is provided with a discharge unit provided in the unit, and the sensor is provided by the supply means at a position offset laterally with respect to the landing point of the garbage falling from the discharge unit below the discharge unit through the hole. It is comprised so that the refuse supplied may be detected.
Here, the “offset position” indicates a position that is laterally separated from the landing point of the garbage.

  In this configuration, the hole provided in the packing box may be a long hole.

  A plurality of the holes may be arranged side by side on at least one side wall of the packing box.

  A plurality of the packing boxes may be arranged in a row, and the sensor may be configured to detect dust through a hole in the packing box.

  A dust diffusing member having an inclined part or a spherical part may be provided on the floor surface of the packing box at a position vertically below the discharge part.

  Informing means that operates when the sensor detects dust may be provided.

  The sensor detects an inclined portion (ridgeline) where the supplied dust is accumulated at a position that is laterally separated (offset) from the landing point of the dust falling from the discharge portion below the discharge portion through the hole. It is possible to adjust the load capacity of garbage.

  The hole provided on the side of the packing box is a long hole, and by changing the dust detection position within the range of the long hole, the load capacity of the waste is adjusted in order to make the load weight of the waste with different specific gravity constant. Can be easy.

  Similarly, by arranging a plurality of holes in the side wall on one side of the packing box and selecting the holes to change the dust detection position, the load capacity of the dust can be adjusted.

  When a plurality of packing boxes are installed side by side, garbage in a plurality of packing boxes can be detected by one sensor. In addition, a plurality of parallel packing boxes can be simultaneously detected by one sensor through a hole penetrating in a straight line.

  The floor surface of the packing box of the present invention is provided with a dust diffusing member having an inclined portion or a spherical surface portion, so that dust falling from the transport pipe does not directly hit the packing box floor surface and prevents wear. The accumulation shape of the trash can be a constant mountain shape.

  Depending on the quality of the garbage, even if the amount reaches a certain level, it may be difficult for the worker to notice because the dust does not protrude from the upper end of the packing box.To prevent this, when the sensor detects dust, the notification means will notify the surrounding workers. You may make it alert | report.

It is the front view which showed roughly the recycling facility in which the waste storage equipment which concerns on this invention was installed. It is a top view of the garbage storage equipment concerning the present invention. It is a perspective view in case there is one packing box concerning the present invention. It is a perspective view of a plurality of packing boxes concerning the present invention. It is the figure which showed the positional relationship of a packing box and a dust chute. It is sectional drawing of the packing box concerning this invention. It is the image sectional view which looked at the state where garbage accumulated in the packing box from the side. It is an image figure of the method of detecting the plurality of packing boxes arranged in series by one sensor. It is the front view which showed the facility which concerns on a prior art schematically.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the waste storage facility will be described with reference to the drawings. The following description of the preferred embodiment is merely exemplary in nature.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a configuration of a part of a recycling facility. A waste storage facility 1 is installed on the first floor of a building 15 having three levels. The entire thick line indicates the building 15.
In the present embodiment, several types of “recycled waste” that has been crushed and sorted in advance are present on each sorting line (belt conveyor) 9 and are further finely sorted and then stored.

“Recycled waste” that has been crushed and separated by a crusher (not shown) in the previous process is transported to a sorting line 9 consisting of a belt conveyor, and is further finely divided into “plastic bottles and plastics” 12 and “incombustible waste”. "13" and "Bottle / Can" 14 are selected.
The selected “recycled waste” is put into the inlets 5 of the separate supply means by human hands. The supply means includes an input port 5, a dust chute 3 as a transport pipe, and a shutter 4.
The thrown-in waste is supplied to a packing box (container) 2 corresponding to each supply means. A hole 26 is provided in the side wall of the container 2. The container 2 is not determined for each type of garbage, and those having the same configuration are used as necessary.
When the amount of “recycled waste” that has been thrown in reaches a predetermined amount, it is detected by a sensor 7 that detects through a hole 26 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the container 2, the shutter 4 is closed, and a signal is sent to a management building (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, “recycled garbage” stored in the container 2 installed in the building 15 is transported to a final disposal site (not shown) by the desorption vehicle 11.
Details of the holes 26 provided in the container 2 will be described later.

  The sensor 7 uses a photoelectric sensor in this embodiment, and uses a pair of sensors on the light projecting side and the light receiving side for one container 2 as shown in FIGS. Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, only one pair of photoelectric sensors can be used for the plurality of containers 2a and 2b. In this case, detection is performed when one of the containers 2a or 2b reaches a predetermined amount.

By closing the shutter 4 when the sensor 7 detects dust, even if an operator mistakenly puts the dust into the inlet 5 of the supply means, the dust is not discharged from the discharge portion, and the container 2 shown in FIG. Safety in the vicinity can be secured.
Furthermore, by using a pair of sensors 7 for a plurality of containers 2, the number of sensors 7 can be reduced, contributing to effective use of space and cost reduction. Furthermore, the sensor 7 is not limited to a photoelectric sensor, but may be a sensor such as an ultrasonic wave or a microwave.

Further, in the present embodiment, a garbage storage facility that determines the sensor position by checking the angle of repose of the garbage, that is, the inclination angle of the ridge line of the garbage is shown, but there is an error in the installation positions of the containers 2a, 2b, and 2c shown in FIG. If there is, the sensor 7 may be movable and the sensor position may be adjusted each time.
Furthermore, by fixing the sensor 7, the container 2 itself can be moved, or the container 2 can be placed on the carriage and moved while the detection position of the sensor 7 is relatively adjusted to adjust the waste load volume. Also good. Although not shown, the cart in this case has a size sufficient to place the container 2, and includes, for example, a motor and a hydraulic cylinder as moving means, and moves along the longitudinal center line of the container 2. However, regardless of whether the cart is self-propelled or not, it may be changed freely according to the size and specifications of the waste storage facility.

Even if a person accidentally puts "recycled garbage" into the inlet 5 before the empty container 2 is installed at a predetermined position after the signal is sent to the management building by the sensor 7 detecting the dust, the dust chute 3 Shutter 4 is closed so that dust does not fall from the opening 6 serving as a discharge section at the bottom and scatter on the floor.
The residue remaining after sorting is sent to the bunker 10 by the belt conveyor of the sorting line 9. When the bunker 10 is full, a signal is sent to the management building, which is opened and closed by remote control, and the dump truck 8 is filled with residue. Thereafter, the dump truck 8 transports the residue to a final disposal site (not shown) and discharges it.

The garbage storage facility 1 mainly includes a container 2, a dust chute 3, a shutter 4, and a sensor 7. The dust chute 3 penetrates from the second floor or the third floor to the first floor. The dust chute 3 discharges the recycled waste that has fallen into the container 2.
Each dust chute 3 is provided with a shutter 4 which is a slide mechanism composed of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. The shutter 4 receives a signal from a detection sensor (not shown) when the container 2 is installed, and is automatically opened. When dust is detected, it receives a signal and automatically closes.
As shown in FIG. 3, the container 2 is installed vertically below the dust chute 3. And the sensor 7 is installed so that the container 2 may be pinched | interposed into the floor surface of the both sides of the container 2. As shown in FIG.
FIG. 2 shows a plan view in which three containers 2 are installed. The installation position of the sensor 7 differs depending on the type of garbage, and the volume of the garbage stored in the container 2 is adjusted.
Next, FIG. 4A shows a case where a plurality of containers 2 are installed. In this embodiment, a case where one unit is installed and two units are installed in parallel is shown. At this time, the specific gravity of the garbage supplied to the container 2 differs between 2a, 2b (two units in parallel) and 2c (one unit). However, as described above, the containers 2a, 2b, and 2c are interchanged regardless of the type of garbage.
As in the case of a single container 2, the sensor 7 is installed so as to sandwich the two containers 2a and 2b, and detects in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the containers 2a and 2b.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to detect garbage in a plurality of containers 2 with one sensor 7. In this case, if the light is detected by rotating the light projecting side of the sensor 7, it is possible to detect the garbage in the containers 2 arranged in series.

The dust chute 3 is manufactured using a steel pipe and penetrates from the first floor to the second floor or the third floor. Not only a substantially vertical dust chute but also a Y-shaped dust chute or a substantially L-shaped dust chute may be used although not shown.
However, the lower part of the dust chute 3 has a positional relationship in which the extension line of the center line of the dust chute 3 passes through the center of the floor surface of the container 2 as shown in FIG. Details will be described later.

  In addition, when trouble occurs near the container 2 or when a detection sensor (not shown) for detecting the installation of the container 2 is not functioning, the shutter 4 is forcibly closed by remote control from the management building. Can do.

As shown in FIG. 1, the container 2 is installed below the lower opening 6 of the dust chute 3. These containers 2 are box-shaped as shown in FIG. 3, and are opened through a hook 21 used when the container 2 is loaded on the detachable vehicle 11 and a hinge 23 when dumping the stored garbage. A tailgate 22 is attached.
Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the container 2 has a front side with a hook 21 and a rear side with a tailgate 22.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, a “recycled garbage” receiving port 241 is opened on the upper surface of the container 2, and a roof 24 that can be attached and detached with bolts can be provided. The roof 24 is attached when debris is scattered as when dust such as glass is thrown in, and is removed otherwise.
Normally, as shown in FIG. 3, a pair of sensors 7 is installed on the floor surface for one container 2. However, as shown in FIG. 4A, even if a plurality of containers 2 are installed in parallel, only one pair of sensors 7 may be installed on the floor surface.
FIG. 4A shows one container with the roof 24 attached and two containers with the roof 24 removed.
Even when the roof 24 is attached, “recycle waste” can be detected by the hole 26 described later.

  The positional relationship between the container 2 and the dust chute 3 is shown in FIG. FIG. 5A shows a state in which the container 2 is cut by the plane S. The cross section of the cut-out container 2 is a hatched portion shown in FIG. 5B, and the point C is a point where an extension line of the center line of the container 2 and the center line of the dust chute 3 overlaps. That is, it is installed so that “recycled garbage” falling from the lower opening 6 of the dust chute 3 is received at the center of the floor surface of the container 2.

FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the container 2 with the roof 24 removed when viewed from the side, and a hole 26 is provided above the side of the container at a position offset from the center line in the width direction by an appropriate amount in either the front or back direction of the container. ing. The hole 26 has a long hole shape such as an ellipse or a rectangle. 6 and 7 show the case where they are offset forward.
In addition, the hole 26 should just exist in positions other than on the center line of the width direction by the container side surface.

Moreover, although the case where it has a horizontally long long hole is described in the present embodiment, the long hole may be vertically long.
The hole 26 is for changing the dust volume so that the detection position can be changed according to the type of garbage by making it a long hole, and then it is offset in the front-rear direction. This is because the volume of the dust is not detected at the apex of the dust deposited on the sewage but is detected at the ridgeline (inclined portion) of the garbage.
Furthermore, in the configuration that detects the apex of the dust that accumulates in the mountain shape, there is a case where the dust chute catches the dust, which may be erroneously detected, whereas the ridge line (inclined part) is detected to determine the predetermined amount Can be judged stably.

As described above, the hole 26 is provided by being offset in the front-rear direction from the center line in the width direction of the side surface of the container, and by detecting the dust at the ridge line (inclined portion) of the waste, The volume can be adjusted.
FIG. 7 shows the inside of the container when garbage is accumulated. If the sensor 7 is installed so as to detect dust in front of the long hole (position away from the center line) as shown in FIG. 7 (a), it takes time to detect dust and is stored as a result. As shown in FIG. 7 (c), the volume of garbage increases, and the volume of stored garbage decreases if it is detected behind the long hole (position approaching the center line).
In the case of garbage with a small specific gravity, the sensor 7 is installed on the floor so as to detect the dust in front of the long hole so as to face the side of the container on the outer side of the container 2, and in the case of garbage with a large specific gravity. By installing the sensor 7 so as to detect dust behind the long hole and adjusting the storage volume, the weight of the dust to be accommodated becomes substantially constant. As a result, “recycled waste” can be loaded in the container 2 to the maximum extent possible.

  In FIG. 7, (a) is when the specific gravity is small such as garbage such as plastic bottles / plastic waste 12, etc., (b) is when the specific gravity is intermediate such as non-combustible waste 13, and (c) is bottle / can 14 or the like. The cross section of the container 2 in the state which loaded the recycling waste when specific gravity is large like is shown. The inclined portion in the case where the recycled wastes 12 to 14 are accumulated shields the middle of the hole 26. At such time, garbage is detected.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6A, the floor surface of the container 2 is provided with a dust diffusion member 27 made of a cone. The dust diffusing member 27 is detachable with bolts, and has a function of preventing the “recycled waste” that has fallen from staying in the center of the container and assisting in uniformly depositing the entire container floor as much as possible. Further, it is desirable that the normal waste diffusion member is provided at the center of the container floor, and the container 2 is installed so that the center line of the discharge portion and the center of the waste diffusion member are substantially in a straight line.
This makes it possible to increase the loading capacity to the maximum by gradual inclination of the piles of “recycled garbage”.
In addition to spreading dust, it also has a function to prevent wear caused by dust falling on the floor. The dust diffusing member only needs to have a shape having an inclined portion or a spherical portion, and may be an umbrella shape instead of a cone as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6A (FIG. 6B).

When a "recycled garbage" is thrown in, when a person approaches the container and blocks the sensor 7, the shutter 4 automatically closes, blocking the fall of the garbage, and at the same time a signal is transmitted to the management building, making it a safety device Function.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, the sensor 7 is attached to a horizontally extending guide 71 with two U bolts 72, nuts 73, and a plate 74, along the horizontal guide 71. Can be adjusted.
The sensor 7 may be automatically adjusted along a guide rail using a small electric motor (not shown).
In the present embodiment, the sensor 7 is shown only when it moves in the horizontal direction, but it may move up and down in the vertical direction. In this case, the long hole of the hole 26 becomes vertically long.

Further, the waste storage facility 1 may be provided with a notification means.
When the sensor 7 detects dust in the container 2, the notification means operates an alarm (not shown), a light, a lamp, or a display device, and notifies the workers around the container 2.
By doing so, as shown in FIG. 2, the safety | security and workability | operativity of the operation | work which the desorption vehicle 11 carries out the container 2 are improved, and an accident etc. are prevented beforehand.
Alarms, lights, lamps, and display devices may be used in combination, or may be used alone. The display device is not particularly limited as long as it can display characters, symbols, colors, and the like.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, particularly in a garbage recycling facility, it is useful for a garbage storage facility that uses a transport pipe to drop garbage from the upper floor to the lower floor, put it into a container, and determine a predetermined amount with a sensor.

1 Garbage storage facility 2 Packing box (container)
21 Hook 22 Tail gate 23 Hinge 24 Roof 26 Hole 27 Waste diffusion member 3 Dust chute (transport pipe, supply means)
4 Shutter (supply means)
5 Input port (supply means)
7 Sensor 75 Photoelectric sensor 9 Sorting line 12, 13, 14 Recycled garbage

Claims (6)

Waste supply means, a packing box that can be installed below the supply means, a hole provided in a side wall of the packing box, a sensor installed at a position facing the outside of the packing box at the time of installation, A discharge portion provided at an end of the supply means,
The sensor detects the waste supplied by the supply means at a position offset laterally with respect to the landing point of the waste falling from the discharge part below the discharge part through the hole. Waste storage equipment.   The waste storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the hole is a long hole.   The waste storage facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the holes are provided side by side on at least one side wall of the packing box.   4. The garbage storage facility according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the packing boxes are arranged in a row, and the sensor detects dust through a hole of the packing box. 5.   2. A garbage storage facility having a cargo box according to claim 1, wherein a dust diffusing member having an inclined portion or a spherical surface portion is provided on a floor surface of the cargo box.   The waste storage facility according to claim 1, further comprising notification means that operates when the sensor detects waste.

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