JP2011518243A - ディーゼルの範囲にある燃料組成物用の未精製トール油の再生可能原料への転化 - Google Patents
ディーゼルの範囲にある燃料組成物用の未精製トール油の再生可能原料への転化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011518243A JP2011518243A JP2011504957A JP2011504957A JP2011518243A JP 2011518243 A JP2011518243 A JP 2011518243A JP 2011504957 A JP2011504957 A JP 2011504957A JP 2011504957 A JP2011504957 A JP 2011504957A JP 2011518243 A JP2011518243 A JP 2011518243A
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- Prior art keywords
- tall oil
- degrees celsius
- oil
- stream
- unrefined
- Prior art date
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- PKGKOZOYXQMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lupeol Natural products CC(=C)C1CC2C(C)(CCC3C4(C)CCC5C(C)(C)C(O)CCC5(C)C4CCC23C)C1 PKGKOZOYXQMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015500 sitosterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sitosterol Natural products CC=C(/CCC(C)C1CC2C3=CCC4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC2(C)C1)C(C)C NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N stigmasterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016831 stigmasterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940032091 stigmasterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N stigmasterol Natural products CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCCC2C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012607 strong cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/12—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by hydrogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
- C11B13/005—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials of residues of the fabrication of wood-cellulose (in particular tall-oil)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/04—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
a)未精製トール油に存在する油以外の混入物を除去するステップ、及び未精製トール油に存在する有用な有機化合物を回収するステップであって、これによって精製トール油の流動を形成するステップと、
b)ステップa)から精製トール油の流動の揮発留分を除去するステップであって、これによって大気圧で摂氏170度以上の沸点を有する有機物成分を含む、揮発性物質がない油の流動を形成するステップと、
c)真空蒸留カラムにおいて、ステップb)の揮発性物質がない油の流動を2のプロセス流又はプロセス相へ分離するステップであって、第1のプロセス流又はプロセス相が実質的に、大気圧で摂氏170ないし400度の範囲の沸点を有する成分を含み、第2のプロセス流又はプロセス相が実質的に、大気圧で摂氏400度を超える沸点を有する成分を含むステップと、
d)大気圧で摂氏170ないし400度の範囲の沸点を有する成分を実質的に含む第1のプロセス流又はプロセス相を、脱酸素触媒で構成される触媒層に高温で通過させるステップであって、これによって酸素の枯渇したディーゼルの範囲にある燃料を形成するステップと、
を具えることを特徴とする。
Claims (23)
- 一連の反応及び分離ステップによる、未精製トール油の再生可能なディーゼル燃料組成物への転化方法であって、当該方法が、
a)前記未精製トール油に存在する油以外の混入物を除去するステップ、及び前記未精製トール油に存在する有用な有機化合物を回収するステップであって、これによって精製トール油の流動を形成するステップと、
b)ステップa)から前記精製トール油の流動の揮発留分を除去するステップであって、これによって大気圧で摂氏170度以上の沸点を有する有機物成分を含む、揮発性物質がない油の流動を形成するステップと、
c)真空蒸留カラムにおいて、ステップb)の前記揮発性物質がない油の流動を2のプロセス流又はプロセス相へ分離するステップであって、第1のプロセス流又はプロセス相が実質的に、大気圧で摂氏170ないし400度の範囲の沸点を有する成分を含み、第2のプロセス流又はプロセス相が実質的に、大気圧で摂氏400度を超える沸点を有する成分を含むステップと、
d)大気圧で摂氏170ないし400度の範囲の沸点を有する成分を実質的に含む第1のプロセス流又はプロセス相を、脱酸素触媒で構成される触媒層に高温で通過させるステップであって、これによって酸素の枯渇したディーゼルの範囲にある燃料を形成するステップと、
を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、ステップa)が未精製トール油を硫酸、リン酸、又はその混合物で洗浄することによって実現されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の方法において、ステップa)が酸性粘土、無機質、ゼオライト、酸変性無機担体、イオン交換樹脂、キレート樹脂、多官能性樹脂、及びその混合物から選択される多相系を含む固定層反応器における、未精製トール油の処理によって実現されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップa)が周囲温度での未精製トール油の濾過、限外濾過、遠心分離、又はその組合せによって実現されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップa)が濾過、限外濾過、遠心分離、又はその組合せによって実現され、生成されたCaSO4又はCa3(PO4)2、及びその混合物を除去するために、酸洗浄ステップの後に行われることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、前記精製トール油が少なくとも1の熱交換器において、ステップb)で少なくとも摂氏170度まで予熱されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、前記精製トール油内に存在するトール油の揮発性物質が、熱交換ユニットに付随する少なくとも1の膨張管に除去されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、前記精製トール油内に存在するトール油の揮発性物質が、ステップb)中に少なくとも1のストリッピングユニットに除去されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、前記精製トール油内に存在するトール油の揮発性物質の更なる可能性のある部分が、中程度の真空で動作するストリッピングユニットの後部に配置される膨張管に除去されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、前記揮発性物質がないトール油の流動が蒸留によって、ステップc)で2の別個の流動又は相に分留され、一方の第1の流動又は相が大気圧で摂氏170ないし400度の範囲の沸点を有する成分で構成され、一方の第2の流動又は相が大気圧で摂氏400度を超える沸点を有する成分で構成されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップc)における分離が、少なくとも1の充填構造で構成される充填層真空蒸留カラムで実現されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし11のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップc)における分離用の蒸留カラムが、当該蒸留カラムの上端近くに還流構造を具備することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、摂氏170ないし400度の沸点を有する成分で構成される流動の最高精度が、好適な還流比の選択によって改善されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし13のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップc)で元のカラムに流入する還流流動の均質性が、補助充填構造によって実現されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし14のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップc)における分離用の蒸留カラムが、当該蒸留カラムの下端近くにリボイラー構造を具備することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項15に記載の方法において、ステップc)用の蒸留カラムのリボイラーの部分が、少なくとも1の強制循環熱交換器と、少なくとも1の薄膜蒸留装置とで構成されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項15又は16のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップc)における分離用の蒸留カラムの温度特性が前記リボイラーの強制循環熱交換部分の管理によって制御されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項15ないし17のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、摂氏400度を超える沸点を有する成分で構成される第2の流動が、前記リボイラーの薄膜蒸留装置部分を通して前記蒸留カラムから除去されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項15ないし18のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップc)用に前記元のカラムに流入する再沸騰した流動が、少なくとも1の主要充填構造の下方に設置される補助充填構造によって、均質化及び部分分留されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし19のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップd)における脱酸素化が、摂氏150ないし350度の高温で生じることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし20のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップd)における脱酸素化が、水素ガスの存在下で摂氏150ないし350度の高温で行われることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし21のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、少なくとも1の触媒が脱酸素化を促進するようにステップd)において用いられ、前記少なくとも1の触媒が活性アルミナ、ジルコニア、フーラー土、炭酸アルカリ塩及び炭酸アルカリ土類塩、担持遷移金属、ゼオライト、アルカリ及びアルカリ土類交換ゼオライト触媒、ならびにその混合物からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1ないし22のいずれか1項に記載の方法において、ステップd)で取得された酸素枯渇した流動又は相が、低硫黄ディーゼルの範囲にある自動車用燃料組成物を取得するように少なくとも1の水素化脱硫触媒を含む触媒系によって更に処理されることを特徴とする方法。
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