JP2011516679A - 可燃性有機物質のガス化 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【選択図】図3
Description
・製造されるガスのLHV(「低発熱量」)が高く、詳しく言えば5〜25MJ/Nm3である、
・不所望の酸化物と重金属を含有することがある灰がガラス質の物質中で不活性にされ(中性にされ)、それをガス化中に連続的に排出することができ、そして処分のために、あるいは土木工事で粒状物として使用するため、例えば道路用のビチューメンもしくはアスファルトタイプの材料、舗装材料又はその他の建設材料のための充填材として使用するために、粒状(クラス3として、すなわち不活性で危険のない廃棄物として分類される)にすることができる、
・当該方法は簡便であって出資が少なくてすみ、そして自動連続式に運転することができる、
という利点がある。
0〜20重量%のCaO、
0〜20重量%のFe2O3、
0〜20重量%のアルカリ金属酸化物、例えばNa2O又はK2O(これはNa2O及び/又はK2Oを包含する)、
を含み、CaO+Fe2O3+アルカリ金属酸化物の質量の合計は一般には0でなく、好ましくは5〜60重量%の範囲である。
60〜80重量%のSiO2、
10〜20重量%のCaO、
5〜15重量%のFe2O3、及び
2〜10重量%のアルカリ金属酸化物(例えばNa2O又はK2O(これはNa2O及び/又はK2Oを包含する)など)、
を含有する。
・H2O+C → CO+H2 (1)
・2H2O+C → CO2+2H2 (2)
・C+CO2 → 2CO (3)
・C+(1/2)O2 → CO (4)
これらの反応は吸熱反応である。
・C+O2 → CO2 (5)
・(CO+H2)+O2 → CO2+H2O (6)
に従って行われ、これらの反応は発熱反応である。
・燃焼ガスを発生させるガス燃料バーナーを含む製造ユニット、
・スチームを生じさせるボイラー(当然、これはいくつかのボイラーがあってもよいことを包含する)、
・スチームを含む酸化ガスと有機物質とを反応させることを含む可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニット、
を含む工業装置にも関するものであり、燃焼ガスは水を気化させスチームを製造するためにボイラーに移送され、ボイラーにより製造されたスチームは有機物質と反応するために可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニットに移送され、可燃性ガスは燃焼のために製造ユニットにガス燃料として移送される。この態様の範囲内で、可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニットは本発明の方法に従って、すなわちケイ酸塩浴を用いて、運転することができるが、それは既知の固定又は流動床の原理により運転するユニットであってもよい。
・燃焼ガスを発生させるガス燃料バーナーを含む工業製造ユニットでの連続生産、
・ボイラーでのスチームの連続生産、及び
・スチームを含む酸化ガスと有機物質とを反応させることを含む可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニットでの可燃性ガスの連続生産、
を含み、燃焼ガスを水を気化させスチームを製造するためボイラーに移送し、ボイラーで製造されたスチームを有機物質と反応させるため可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニットに移送し、可燃性ガスを燃焼のために工業製造ユニットにガス燃料として移送する。
9トン/日の木材廃棄物と、83体積%のスチームを含有する1000Nm3/hの空気を、ガス化を行うため図1の装置に導入した。ケイ酸塩浴内での電気による給熱は500kWであった。導入した木材から約3wt%の灰分が生じ、灰分を含む300kg/日のケイ酸塩が排出された。バイオマスガスの組成(モル%)は次のとおりであった。
H2: 22.3%
CH4: 4.4%
CO: 20.9%
CO2: 18.6%
N2: 100%を与える残部
導入した空気が水を含有していないことを除いて、例1の手順に従った。バイオマスガスの組成(モル%)は次のとおりであった。
H2: 10.6%
CH4: 3.2%
CO: 30%
CO2: 6%
N2: 100%を与える残部
Claims (16)
- 低発熱量が少なくとも1MJ/Nm3の可燃性ガスを製造するための方法であって、スチーム又は酸素又はCO2を含む酸化ガスと、タンク内に保持した溶融ケイ酸塩浴と接触している有機物質とを反応させることと、当該溶融ケイ酸塩に給熱することを含み、当該方法は連続的に運転して、ケイ酸塩を当該タンクから定期的に抜き出し、ガラス化可能な物質を当該ケイ酸塩浴への供給のため定期的に導入する、可燃性ガス製造方法。
- 前記ケイ酸塩が40〜80wt%のSiO2を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ケイ酸塩に含まれるCaO、Fe2O3及びアルカリ金属酸化物の質量の合計が5〜60wt%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記給熱が液中燃焼タイプのものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記液中燃焼のための酸化剤が80体積%より多くの純粋酸素を含むことを特徴とする、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記液中燃焼の火炎が酸化性であることを特徴とする、請求項5記載の方法。
- 前記酸化ガスを前記液中燃焼により発生させることを特徴とする、請求項5又は6記載の方法。
- 一方では前記液中燃焼、他方では前記酸化ガスと前記有機物質との反応を、前記燃焼排ガスと前記可燃性ガスとを異なる煙道により回収できるように十分分離されたゾーンで行うことを特徴とする、請求項5〜7の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記液中燃焼のための燃料が当該方法自体によって作られる可燃性ガスを含み、このガスをそのほかの可燃性ガスと任意選択的に混合することを特徴とする、請求項5〜8の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記有機物質が、前記可燃性ガス中の水素と一酸化炭素のモル百分率の合計が少なくとも10%になるような十分な量であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記酸化ガスが少なくとも30体積%のスチームを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜10の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記ケイ酸塩が800℃と1700℃の間の温度にあることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記給熱が電気式であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記可燃性ガスを、煙道を通して排出する前に、下げられた天井の下を通過させることにより加熱することを特徴とする、請求項1〜13の一つに記載の方法。
- ・燃焼ガスを発生させるガス燃料バーナーを含む工業製造ユニットでの連続生産、
・ボイラーでのスチームの連続生産、及び
・スチームを含む酸化ガスと有機物質とを反応させることを含む、可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニットでの可燃性ガスの連続生産、
を含み、前記燃焼ガスを水を気化させスチームを製造するため前記ボイラーに移送し、ボイラーで製造されたスチームを前記有機物質との反応のため前記可燃性ガスを製造するためのユニットに移送し、前記可燃性ガスを燃焼のために前記工業製造ユニットにガス燃料として移送する、連続工業製造方法。 - 前記可燃性ガスの生産を請求項1〜14の一つに記載の方法により行うことを特徴とする、請求項15記載の方法。
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FR0852382 | 2008-04-09 | ||
FR0852382A FR2929955B1 (fr) | 2008-04-09 | 2008-04-09 | Gazeification de materiaux organiques combustibles |
PCT/FR2009/050614 WO2009136072A2 (fr) | 2008-04-09 | 2009-04-08 | Gazeification de materiaux organiques combustibles |
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JP5480245B2 JP5480245B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
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US (1) | US9163187B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2265697B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5480245B2 (ja) |
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EA (1) | EA021616B1 (ja) |
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DE102005049375A1 (de) * | 2005-10-15 | 2007-04-26 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung und Vorbereitung von Schnellpyrolyseprodukten aus Biomasse für eine Flugstrom Druckvergasung |
FR2933988B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-18 | 2011-09-09 | Saint Gobain | Dispositif industriel fabriquant son propre combustible |
US8973405B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-03-10 | Johns Manville | Apparatus, systems and methods for reducing foaming downstream of a submerged combustion melter producing molten glass |
US8991215B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-03-31 | Johns Manville | Methods and systems for controlling bubble size and bubble decay rate in foamed glass produced by a submerged combustion melter |
US8707739B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2014-04-29 | Johns Manville | Apparatus, systems and methods for conditioning molten glass |
US8997525B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-04-07 | Johns Manville | Systems and methods for making foamed glass using submerged combustion |
US9096452B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-08-04 | Johns Manville | Methods and systems for destabilizing foam in equipment downstream of a submerged combustion melter |
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US20110107670A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
DK2265697T3 (en) | 2017-10-16 |
ES2642917T3 (es) | 2017-11-20 |
FR2929955B1 (fr) | 2012-02-10 |
US9163187B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
JP5480245B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
EA021616B1 (ru) | 2015-07-30 |
EA201071176A1 (ru) | 2011-04-29 |
EP2265697A2 (fr) | 2010-12-29 |
CN102057020A (zh) | 2011-05-11 |
HUE036469T2 (hu) | 2018-08-28 |
WO2009136072A2 (fr) | 2009-11-12 |
CN102057020B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
EP2265697B1 (fr) | 2017-07-12 |
FR2929955A1 (fr) | 2009-10-16 |
WO2009136072A3 (fr) | 2010-10-21 |
PL2265697T3 (pl) | 2017-12-29 |
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