JP2011244804A - Hydroponic nursery bed device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydroponic nursery bed device, which has an antibacterial property and fungus resistance and can sustain the effects over a long period of time till the growth of seedings is completed.SOLUTION: In the hydroponic nursery bed device, a seed sheet having recesses at regular intervals for sowing seeds is coated with an antibacterial alloy thin film. The hydroponic nursery bed device can be adjusted to an optimum position relative to a nutrient solution surface. The antibacterial alloy thin film which coats the front surface or rear surface of the seed sheet includes: a base layer which is a titanium thin film whose thickness is 1-100 nm; an intermediate layer which is an antibacterial metal alloy thin film made of silver, platinum, palladium and carbon whose thickness is 10-1,000 nm; and an uppermost layer which is a titanium thin film or titanium oxide thin film whose thickness is 1-100 nm.

Description

  The present invention protects the seeds to be cultivated from the propagation of pathogenic bacteria generated in the nutrient solution and the mold caused by the propagation of various bacteria in the hydroponic cultivation in which the crop is cultivated with the nutrient solution containing the nutrient component. This is related to a technique for preventing the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria and various germs in the nutrient solution.

Hydroponics is a method of cultivating crops using an aqueous solution containing nutrients (generally referred to as nutrient solution) without the use of soil. In addition, there are many advantages such as few variations in crops, fast growth, and the amount of harvest is not affected by the weather.

In addition, a solid medium such as rock wool is used for hydroponics, and there is a type called solid medium cultivation in which nutrient components are supplied by nutrient solution. There are also cases where it is cultivated. In that case, the combination of solid culture and hydroponic cultivation in a narrow sense is called hydroponics.

In hydroponic cultivation, nutrient components are supplied by nutrient solution, but if pathogens enter into the nutrient solution, pathogens are transmitted using the nutrient solution as a medium, causing significant damage that is not comparable to soil cultivation. To do. Therefore, various methods for sterilizing pathogenic bacteria in nutrient solution have been devised. Also, in recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, the discharge of nutrient solution to the outside of the system has been strictly regulated, and there is a demand for the construction of a closed closed system in the system that does not discharge outside the system. . In the circulation system in this system, it is very important to prevent the infection and invasion of pathogenic bacteria into the nutrient solution and to prevent the transmission of pathogenic bacteria to crops.

In order to sterilize nutrient solution, in the type that circulates nutrient solution, filtration and heating, irradiation with ultraviolet rays and ozone, sterilization and sterilization by filters containing silver ions and copper ions that are sterilization metal ions are proposed, Some have been implemented. In patent document 1, the apparatus which sterilizes the pathogenic microbe in a culture solution using the disinfection member which consists of an antibacterial active metal compound containing silver and platinum which applied the photocatalytic mechanism is proposed.

In addition, in order to prevent the pathogenic bacteria in the nutrient solution from propagating to the crops, water-soluble glass or the like contains silver or copper antibacterial metal ions to make rock wool, which is a medium for nutrient solution cultivation. The ones that have been stretched (Patent Document 2) and the ones that have been coated with silver by electroless plating or vapor deposition on the organic fiber surface that will be the soil mat or the water supply bottom mat (Patent Document 3) have been proposed. ing.

In addition, various non-woven fabrics and resin molded products are coated with antibacterial metals such as silver and copper that have been proposed in the past by sputtering, a vacuum thin film forming method that has made remarkable progress in recent years. Various proposals have been made to impart antibacterial properties. (Patent Documents 4 and 5)

JP 2006-320282 A JP 2006-34132 A JP 2006-25719 A JP-A-6-330285 JP 2000-288109 A

  However, in hydroponics, long-term cultivation for several months in a hot and humid environment is normal, and in order to maintain high antibacterial properties for a long time in such a harsh environment, It is necessary to make the adhesion stronger, and in order to maintain high antibacterial and antifungal properties for a long period of time, it is important to select an optimal antibacterial metal ion. In such an environment, a single metal ion is impossible to solve the problem of long-lasting antibacterial and antifungal properties with high adhesion to the base material. Along with this, a technical solution was required in the combination of the film forming method and lamination.

In addition, as a nursery for hydroponics, in order to prevent seeds from being infected with pathogenic bacteria generated in the nutrient solution, it is necessary to maintain the optimal positional relationship so that the seeds can be absorbed without being soaked in the nutrient solution. Yes, an optimal configuration of the seed sheet as a hydroponic seedling is necessary. It has been a long-standing challenge to develop a nursery that is suitable for hydroponic cultivation with such conditions, and what has been sufficiently put into practical use that satisfies this requirement has not yet been developed. is there.

In order to achieve such an object, the inventors are configured so that an antibacterial alloy thin film is coated on a seed sheet having concave portions at regular intervals for seed seeding and can be adjusted to an optimum position with respect to the nutrient solution surface. A hydroponic seedling device was devised.

The present invention includes a grid-like seat frame 4 on a seat frame support 2 that can adjust the solution surface and height so that the solution surface of a nutrient solution tank 1 that stores a culture solution 3 for hydroponics is covered. The woven fabric, non-woven fabric, or film seed sheet 5 in which the concave portion 9 for seeding the seed 6 to be hydroponically cultivated is installed on the lattice-like seat frame 4 at the same lattice pitch as the seat frame 4. Is a hydroponic seedling device characterized by

In the present invention, the surface of the seed sheet 5 or the back surface thereof is composed of an underlayer (7-1) that is a titanium thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm, silver, platinum, palladium, and carbon, and has a thickness of 10 to 1000 nm. An antibacterial alloy thin film 7 comprising an intermediate layer (7-2) which is an alloy thin film of an antibacterial metal and a top layer (7-3) of a titanium thin film or a titanium oxide thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is formed. Is a hydroponic seedling device characterized by

In the present invention, the seat frame 4 is an underlayer (7-1) made of a titanium thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm and an antibacterial metal alloy thin film made of silver, platinum, palladium, and carbon having a thickness of 10 to 1000 nm. Water having an antibacterial alloy thin film 7 coated with an intermediate layer (7-2) and an uppermost layer (7-3) which is a titanium thin film or a titanium oxide thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm. It is a cultivation seedbed device.

The present invention is characterized in that the seed sheet 5 is made of natural fiber, synthetic fiber, or Japanese paper that is assimilated with soil by secular change in the soil.

The antibacterial alloy thin film 7 of the present invention is not limited to the three-layer structure exemplified above, and various types are available for each of the underlayer for improving adhesion, the intermediate layer for improving antibacterial properties, and the uppermost layer for improving weather resistance. Various types of multi-layer structures can be considered.

The seedbed seed sheet 5 has a concave portion 9 that follows the lattice-like seed frame 4 in order to plant the seeds 6 at regular intervals, and the nutrient solution 3 is supplied to the seeds 6 at the bottom thereof. 6 has a through hole 8 through which a hair root sprouted extends, and the shape thereof is such that a cross-shaped notch through hole 8 and a plurality of small diameter through holes 8 are arranged. As a result, only the vicinity of the seeding part of the seed 6 is immersed in the nutrient solution 3 to ensure stable hair root germination, and sufficient nutrient solution 3 can be supplied even during growth after germination.

Thus, in the seed sheet 5 in the hydroponic seedling apparatus, an antibacterial alloy thin film 7 having a three-layer structure in which an alloy thin film of silver, platinum, palladium or the like having antibacterial properties is sandwiched with a titanium thin film of 1 to 100 nm is used. Therefore, an ideal seed sheet for hydroponic seedlings that realizes high adhesion between the base material of the seedbed seed sheet 5 and the antibacterial alloy film and can maintain strong antibacterial properties over a long period of time. Realized.

In addition, the seed sheet 5 such as a non-woven fabric for a seedbed has a lattice-shaped recess 9 for spreading the seeds 6 at regular intervals, and is supported by the lattice-shaped seed frame 4 having the same pitch. When the same antibacterial alloy thin film 7 that is coated on the seed sheet 5 such as a nonwoven fabric is coated, the antibacterial property against pathogenic bacteria in the nutrient solution 3 is further improved.

In addition, the seed bed seed sheet 5 is standardly coated with the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 on the side where the seed 6 is sown, but if it is coated on the opposite side to the nutrient solution 3, the pathogenic bacteria in the liquid The effect which prevents the reproduction of etc. is acquired. In the coating of the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 that we have adopted, even if the double-sided coating is performed, the through hole 8 at the bottom of the seed sheet 5 that is scattered when the resin-like antibacterial film is applied is blocked. No defect occurs, and the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 is also coated on the hole wall surface of the through hole 8.

The hydroponic seedling apparatus according to the present invention is a laminated film formed by applying a titanium thin film (7-1) and an antibacterial alloy film (7-2) to a base material of a seed sheet 5 such as a nonwoven fabric by a special sputtering method having excellent adhesion. By forming a film, the adhesion between the substrate and the antibacterial alloy film 7 is enhanced, and a titanium oxide thin film is formed on the uppermost layer (7-3) to maintain strong antibacterial properties over a long period of time. The seed sheet 5 for hydroponics seedlings to be realized is realized. As described above, the present invention is realized for the first time by combining the latest vacuum thin film forming technology and advanced hydroponic cultivation know-how.

Configuration diagram of hydroponic seedling device of the present invention (a) Configuration diagram (cross-sectional view) of hydroponic seedling device using antibacterial seed sheet 5 (b) Configuration diagram (perspective view) of seat frame 4 (c) Seed Configuration diagram of sheet 5 (perspective view) (d) Shape of through hole 8 provided in recess 9 of seed sheet 5 Cross-sectional enlarged view of seed sheet 5 provided with antibacterial alloy thin film 7 of the present invention (a) Configuration of seed sheet 5 provided with antibacterial alloy thin film 7 on its surface (recessed cross-sectional enlarged view) (b) Antibacterial alloy thin film 7 Of the seed sheet 5 provided with the back surface (flat section enlarged view) (c) Structure of the seed sheet 5 provided with the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 on both sides (flat section enlarged view)

An embodiment of an antibacterial hydroponics nursery bed apparatus invented by us will be described.
The structure of the hydroponic seedling apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG.
FIG. 1A is a configuration diagram (cross-sectional view) of a hydroponic seedling device using an antibacterial seed sheet 5, and FIG. 1B is a configuration diagram (perspective view) of the seat frame 4, FIG. FIG. 1D is a configuration diagram (perspective view) of the seed sheet 5, and FIG. 1D is a shape diagram of the through hole 8 provided in the bottom of the concave portion 9 of the seed sheet 5.

In the hydroponic seedling apparatus of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the lattice-shaped seat frame 4 is placed over the solution surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 that stores the culture solution 3 for hydroponic cultivation. It is installed on a seat frame support 2 that can adjust the surface and height. The seat frame support 2 is provided at the four corners of the seat frame 4, each of which has a cylindrical double structure, and four are connected by connecting rods that transmit rotation. However, the outer cylinder on the fixed side is provided with a ratchet mechanism. Then, the ratchet is rotated by a handle provided at any one of the four locations, the inner cylinder is slid up and down through the rack of the inner cylinder, and the height according to the liquid level while keeping the seat frame 4 horizontal. Can be adjusted. Then, a seed sheet 5 such as a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a film is provided on the lattice-like seat frame 4 and has a recess 9 for planting the seed 6 to be hydroponically cultivated at the same lattice pitch as the seat frame 4. It has a structure.

The above-mentioned seat frame support 2 is not limited to the described rack and ratchet type, and recently, it is often referred to as a small actuator of an electric or air type vertical slide mechanism with a built-in cylinder mechanism. It is possible to use them and install them at the four corners to adjust the height in conjunction with the liquid level sensor.

And on the surface or the back surface of the seed sheet 5, an underlayer 7-1 made of a titanium thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm and an antibacterial metal having a thickness of 10 to 1000 nm made of silver, platinum, palladium, and carbon. The antibacterial alloy thin film 7 which consists of the intermediate | middle layer 7-2 by an alloy thin film and the uppermost layer 7-3 of a titanium thin film or a titanium oxide thin film with a thickness of 1-100 nm is formed.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 of the present invention is formed on the seed sheet 5.
FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of a cross section of the concave portion 9 in the seed sheet 5 when the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 is formed on the front surface side, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 formed on the back surface. FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the flat part of the seed sheet 5 when the antibacterial alloy thin film is formed on both sides. These antibacterial alloy thin films 7 are formed in the sputtering apparatus after forming the concave portion 9 of the seed sheet 5, and a titanium film to be the base layer 7-1 is first formed, and in the next stage, the intermediate layer 7- Next, the antibacterial alloy film to be 2 is created by returning to the first stage and depositing the titanium oxide film of the uppermost layer 7-3 on the titanium target portion by the reactive sputtering method until each reaches a predetermined film thickness. Is done. Film formation is performed with the film formation surface facing the target side on each of the front and back surfaces, but when forming both front and back surfaces, the film is formed on each side.

Further, the antibacterial seed sheet 5 of the hydroponic seedling device of the present invention has a regular interval recess 9 for seeding the seed 6 at regular intervals, and when the hair root of the seed 6 extends to the bottom thereof, the hair root is nourished. The seat frame 4 is provided with a cross-shaped notch and a small through-hole 8 so that the solution can be easily reached, and is installed so that the nutrient solution 3 can be optimally supplied, and the height of the seat frame 4 is adjusted. This ensures a stable seed 6 growth.

Further, when seed 6 grows on a seedling and is replanted as a base material for antibacterial seed sheet 5, natural fibers such as hemp or the like that are assimilated in the soil as they are or carbon fibers are used, The work efficiency is improved and there is no occurrence of seedling breakage or growth failure due to replanting work, which greatly contributes to the increase in yield.

As described above, the seed sheet 5 for hydroponic seedling apparatus coated with the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 which is a feature of the present invention has a sufficient adhesion between the base material and the antibacterial alloy thin film 7, In various handling of nurseries in the middle of cultivation, there is no occurrence of film peeling or deterioration due to the influence of the base material, which is often found in other materials. Then, by forming a titanium oxide thin film on the uppermost layer 7-3, a high antibacterial and antifungal property is achieved by the protective function of the intermediate layer 7-2 to the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 and the photocatalytic effect of the titanium oxide thin film Has been confirmed to continue to be maintained without deterioration during the plant growth period.

In order to confirm the antibacterial activity and the sustainability of this hydroponic seedling device, in the seedbed 5 for the seedbed in which the concave portions 9 are formed at the same pitch as the latticed seat frame 4,
1) Untreated product not coated with antibacterial alloy thin film 7 2) Single-layer product in which seed sheet 5 is coated with 300 nm of silver thin film only 3) Titanium thin film is deposited to 30 nm as an underlayer, then silver palladium alloy thin film is formed to 300 nm In addition, three types of seed sheets of a three-layer product having a titanium oxide thin film of 30 nm formed thereon were prepared, and a comparative experiment was attempted. Three kinds of hydroponics nursery beds were installed in the same room, and the occurrence of mold was observed.
As a result, 1) Untreated product: generation of thin mold was observed in 2 weeks, and the entire surface was expanded in 3 weeks.
2) Single-layer product: Thin mold occurred from one and a half months (about 6 weeks).
3) Three-layer product: No mold was observed in 4 months.
It was verified that the three-layer product has excellent antibacterial properties and no deterioration.

Next, a standard embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the antibacterial hydroponics nursery bed apparatus of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the nutrient solution 3 is stored in a templar-shaped resin-made nutrient solution tank 1, and can be adjusted in height. A seat frame 4 formed in a lattice shape is installed on the seat frame support 2 at an optimum pitch for seeding seeds 6. A seed sheet 5 on which seeds 6 are sowed is formed so as to cover and cover the concave portions 9 in the same manner as the lattice pitch of the seat frame 4. The material of the seed sheet 5 includes natural fibers and Japanese paper that are assimilated with the soil by burying them in the soil for a long time. A cross-shaped notch through-hole 8 is provided for a hair root that germinates from the seed 6 to extend downward.

  Next, in the antibacterial alloy thin film 7 for imparting antibacterial properties to the seed sheet 5, various types can be considered as laminated films, but for ease of production, a titanium thin film as an underlayer and an antibacterial property as an intermediate film. An alloy thin film and a three-layer structure in which a titanium oxide thin film is formed as the uppermost layer are shown. The three-layer antibacterial alloy thin film 7 is composed of a titanium thin film having a base layer side base layer of 30 nm, a silver palladium alloy thin film having an intermediate layer of 300 nm, and a titanium oxide thin film having a top layer of 30 nm.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Culture solution tank 2 ... Seat frame support stand 3 ... Nutrient solution 4 ... Sheet frame 5 ... Seed sheet 6 ... Seed 7 ... Antibacterial alloy thin film 7 -1 ... Underlying layer 7-2 with titanium thin film ... Intermediate layer 7-3 with alloy thin film of antibacterial metal ... Top layer 8 with titanium thin film or titanium oxide thin film ... Through hole 9 ... Recess

Claims (4)

A grid-like seat frame 4 is provided on a seat frame support 2 that can adjust the solution surface and height so as to cover the solution surface of the nutrient solution tank 1 that stores the culture solution 3 for hydroponics. A woven fabric, non-woven fabric or film seed sheet 5 is provided on the seat frame 4 with the same lattice pitch as the seat frame 4 and formed with recesses 9 for seeding hydroponic seeds 6. Hydroponics nursery equipment. An underlayer (7-1) of a titanium thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm and an antibacterial metal having a thickness of 10 to 1000 nm made of silver, platinum, palladium, and carbon are formed on the front surface or the back surface of the seed sheet 5. 2. An antibacterial alloy thin film 7 comprising an intermediate layer (7-2) made of an alloy thin film and an uppermost layer (7-3) made of a titanium thin film or a titanium oxide thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is formed. The hydroponic seedling apparatus described. The seat frame 4 includes an underlayer (7-1) made of a titanium thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm and an intermediate layer (7) made of an alloy thin film of an antibacterial metal made of silver, platinum, palladium and carbon and having a thickness of 10 to 1000 nm. -2) and an antibacterial alloy thin film 7 having a top layer (7-3) made of a titanium thin film or a titanium oxide thin film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is coated. The hydroponic seedling apparatus described. The hydroponic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the seed sheet (5) is made of natural fiber, synthetic fiber, or Japanese paper that is assimilated with soil by secular change in the soil. Cultivation nursery equipment.

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