JP2011241369A - Method for squeezing oil from oil stuff raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method capable of efficiently squeezing at low cost oil even from an oil stuff raw material having the high content of oil and fat by a squeezing method by circulation-utilizing, in an oil squeezing step, strained draff drained when the oil is squeezed from the oil stuff raw material.SOLUTION: The oil stuff raw material (seed or fruit containing oil and fat) to be treated for squeezing the oil is supplied together with the appropriate amount of the strained draff of the previously prepared oil stuff raw material of interest to a raw material mixer, to sufficiently uniformly stir the oil stuff raw material and the strained draff. The completely mixed substance is supplied as a raw material for squeezing oil to the input port of a squeezing-type oil press and is subjected to oil squeezing treatment to be separated into the oil and fat and the strained draff. A part of the strained draff generated here is utilized, is sent back to the raw material mixer again, and is mixed with the oil stuff raw material, and the resultant is supplied as the raw material for squeezing oil to the oil press. While circulation-utilizing the strained draff generated in this way, oil is squeezed from the oil stuff raw material to be treated.

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil extraction method for separating oil raw materials such as seeds and fruits containing oil and fat into oil and fat and pomace.

  When oil raw materials containing fats and oils are squeezed by the compression method, the purpose is to separate more oils and fats from the oil raw materials, or by increasing the ratio of specific components in the separated oils and fats. As oil extraction methods for oil raw materials for the purpose of adding added value, those disclosed in the following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are given as typical examples.

  JP Patent Publication No. 2004-18849

  In this prior art, the seeds of pine covered with a very hard shell are not put into the oil press as they are, but after the seed shells are split in advance into the contents and shells, the contents: shell = 6: The oil mixed at a ratio of 4 is put into an oil press whose temperature is adjusted as an oil extraction raw material, and oil extraction is performed. As mentioned above, pine seeds are covered with a very hard shell, and the composition ratio of this shell is as high as about 70% of the whole seeds. In the prior art, oil extraction is made possible by breaking the shell and lowering the ratio of the shell in the oil extraction raw material.

  JP Patent Publication No. 2009-159907

  This conventional technology utilizes the phenomenon that the content of polyphenols in fats and oils obtained after oil extraction increases as the content of a substance called diacylglycerol in the raw material for oil extraction increases when oiling seeds and fruits containing oils and fats. Specifically, it is a useful ingredient by putting oils and fats containing diacylglycerol added to the seeds and fruits that are the raw materials for oils into the oil press as the raw material for oil extraction. Polyphenol is efficiently contained in fats and oils.

  In the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, a shell component with a lot of fiber will be present in a high ratio in the squeezed residue after the oil extraction treatment, but as a result, when used as feed Since the protein component which is the most important component becomes a small pomace, there is a problem that it is difficult to effectively use the pomace as a by-product as a feed for animals.

  Moreover, it seems that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by separating the seeds into the contents and shells before oil extraction as in this prior art, and then simply putting the contents into the oil press. When only oil is used as the raw material for extraction by the pressing method, there is a problem that the screw portion for compressing the raw material into the paste form is squeezed in the inside of the oil press, and the oil cannot be extracted.

  In the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 2 described above, if an oil and fat content is further added when using an oil raw material having a high oil content, the oil-extracted raw material is paste-like inside the oil press as described above. Thus, the problem that slipping occurs in the screw portion for squeezing and oil extraction becomes impossible is unavoidable.

  Jatropha curcas. L seeds contain a high oil content of 30-40%, and this oil contains toxic ingredients, so it is not suitable for consumption. Therefore, it has been attracting attention all over the world as a promising renewable energy resource that does not cause competition with food applications. However, when a large amount of seed is extracted, a large amount of seed pomace is inevitably generated. Effective use and high added value are the keys to distributing Jatropha oil to the market at low cost. When Jatropha seeds are directly put into an oil press as a raw material and extracted, the protein content of the resulting pomace is about 30%, which is a low quality animal feed ingredient. There was a need to increase the protein content of the medium.

  The protein of Jatropha seeds is almost zero in the seed coat (shell) and almost all is contained in the seed kernel (kernel) covered with the seed coat. If it can be separated into seed coat and seed core and then only the seed core is put into the oil press as the raw material for extraction, it may be possible to obtain a pomace with a high protein content. The content rate becomes too high, and the raw material for oil extraction becomes a paste inside the oil press, causing slipping in the screw part for pressing, and faced with the phenomenon that oil extraction becomes impossible.

  As described above, the purpose of efficiently squeezing oil raw materials having a high fat content such as Jatropha seed kernel (kernel) by the compression method at low cost is only the conventional technology as already disclosed. However, since this could not be achieved, development of a new technology that can achieve the above-described purpose has been required.

  Therefore, the present invention circulates and uses the squeezed residue discharged when the oil raw material is squeezed in the oil squeezing process, so that even the oil raw material having a high fat content can be efficiently and low-cost by the pressing method. It aims at providing the method which can be squeezed.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a squeeze discharged when oil raw material and the oil raw material are squeezed in the process of squeezing the oil raw material containing oil by the pressing method. What mix | blends a waste is supplied to the expression type | formula oil extraction apparatus as an oil extraction raw material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The invention according to claim 2, in the above invention, when mixing the oil raw material and its squeezed residue, the volume mixing ratio of the oil raw material 1 is squeezed into the range of 0.5 to 1. It is characterized by this.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, an internal seed nucleus (kernel) obtained by unshelling seeds of Jatropha curcas. L is used as the oil raw material. .

  According to the present invention, even for oil raw materials having a high fat content, the screw type or the like can be used without relying on a solvent extraction method with high processing costs and complicated processing steps, and without modifying the oil press. Oil can be squeezed with a normal squeezing type oil press. As a result, there is an effect that it is possible to provide the market with a method capable of extracting oil raw materials having a high oil content while keeping the initial cost and running cost related to the treatment low.

  In addition, since the squeezed pomace of oil raw materials having a high fat content generally has a high protein content, the pomace obtained by the method of the present invention is used as a feed ingredient for high-grade animals. In other words, an effect that a method for producing a high-quality feed raw material at a low cost can be simultaneously provided to the market can be obtained.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a work flow of a first embodiment of an oil raw material extraction method according to the present invention, and corresponds to the invention described in claim 1. In FIG. 1, oil raw materials (seeds and fruits containing fats and oils) to be processed first are supplied to a raw material mixer together with an appropriate amount of the target oil raw material that has been prepared in advance. Thoroughly stir so that the ingredients and pomace are not uneven. After the mixing is completed, the raw material is supplied to the input port of the compression type oil press as the raw material for oil extraction and subjected to the oil extraction treatment, and separated into oil and fat and squeezed residue. A part of the squeezed residue generated here is returned to the raw material mixer again, mixed with the oil raw material, and sent to the oil press as the raw material for oil extraction. The oily raw material to be treated is squeezed out while cyclically using the generated residue.

  Next, in the above explanation, it is assumed that an appropriate amount of the squeezed residue of the oil raw material to be processed is prepared in advance, but it starts from the stage where only the oil stuff is prepared and the squeezed residue is not yet prepared. Then, a method of increasing the amount by generating the squeezed residue will be described with reference to FIG. First, the meaning of the schematic diagram entered at the top of FIG. 2 will be described. Oil raw materials such as seeds and fruits containing fats and oils are separated from oils and fats after being processed by an oil press, and parts that are not fats and oils ( In other words, it can be considered to be composed of two parts). This “oil and fat” is represented by a white square symbol, and “non-fat” is represented by a black square symbol, and the state of the oil raw material before oil extraction is crushed by the white square symbol and black grain. Each square symbol is schematically represented by a concatenated symbol. In the following, the explanation will be made using this expression.

  First, as shown in the first stage of FIG. 2, a small amount of oil raw material is put into an oil press as it is to perform oil extraction. In the case of oil raw materials with a high content of fats and oils, as described above, if only oil raw materials are simply put into a compression type oil press, continuous oil extraction cannot be performed. There is a phenomenon that oil can be extracted only in the initial stage until the occurrence of oil and oil and fat can be separated from squeezed residue. For this reason, if it is a small amount of oily raw material as mentioned above, oil extraction is possible even if it does not mix with a squeezed residue, and it becomes possible to obtain a small amount of squeezed residue as a result.

  Subsequently, in the second stage of FIG. 2, the small amount of squeezed residue obtained in the first stage is mixed with the oil raw material approximately twice the amount of the oil raw material processed in the first stage. If oil is put into the machine and squeezed, as a result, the amount of squeezed residue is about three times the amount of squeezed residue obtained in the first stage. Subsequently, in the third stage, the squeezed residue obtained in the second stage and the oil raw material in an amount approximately 6 times the amount of the oil raw material processed in the first stage are mixed and put into an oil press and then extracted. As a result, it is possible to obtain approximately 9 times the amount of aperture cake obtained in the first stage. Thereafter, by repeating this procedure, it is possible to secure the amount of squeezing necessary for continuous oil extraction.

  If it is 1st embodiment as mentioned above, even if it is an oily raw material with a high fat and oil content rate, without using the solvent extraction method with a high process cost and a complicated process, it is a popular type and a low-cost expression type. The oil expression operation can be continuously performed without causing slippage in the screw portion inside the oil expression machine. Furthermore, oil and high protein squeeze can be separated and generated continuously from oil raw materials with high oil content and high protein content after removal of seed husks at low cost. Since the waste can be used as a high-grade animal feed, the effect of greatly increasing the added value of the residue is added.

[Second Embodiment]
Subsequently, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are supplementary diagrams for explaining the superiority of the second embodiment of the oil raw material oil extraction method according to the present invention, and correspond to the invention of claim 2. In this second embodiment, in the process of mixing the oil raw material and its squeezed residue to make an oiled raw material, the volume mixing ratio of the squeezed residue with respect to the oil raw material 1 is in the range of 0.5 to 1. The oil extraction is performed in the oil extraction work flow as in the first embodiment described above.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operation region in which continuous oil extraction is possible and an operation region in which impossible oil extraction is impossible when the mixing ratio of the oil raw material and the squeezed residue in the oil raw material to be input to the oil press is changed. The horizontal axis represents the amount of oily material (volume) in the raw material, and the vertical axis represents the amount of residue (volume) in the raw material. The hatched area in the figure is an operation area where continuous oil extraction is possible, but in this area, the volume mixing ratio in the oil extraction raw material needs to be 0.5 or more than the oil raw material 1. Show.

  On the other hand, FIG. 4 shows the change in the amount of fat and oil remaining in the squeezed residue generated after squeezing when the mixing ratio of the oily raw material and the squeezed residue in the raw material to be input to the oil squeezing machine is changed. The horizontal axis represents the amount (volume) of squeezing in the raw material when the amount of oily raw material (volume) in the oiled raw material is 1, and the vertical axis is during the squeezed residue generated after oil extraction. The amount of oil and fat remaining in is taken. According to this figure, when the volume mixing ratio in the oil-squeezed raw material is 0.5 or less in the squeezed residue relative to the oily raw material 1, the amount of residual fat in the generated squeezed residue increases rapidly. As described above, the amount of fats and oils in the oiled raw material is excessive in the expression type oil, so that the oiled raw material becomes a paste inside the oil press and slips in the pressing screw part, so that the oil and fat is sufficiently separated from the oiled raw material. This is due to the phenomenon of being discharged as a squeezed residue in a paste state. In addition, in this figure, it can be seen that even if the volume mixing ratio in the oiled raw material is 1 or more than the oily raw material 1, the amount of residual fat in the generated oil is gradually increased. Although the amount of residual fat per unit volume of the squeezed residue is small, the amount of squeezed residue that is discharged is larger than the amount of oil raw material that is put into the oil press. This is due to an increase in the total amount of fats and oils left on the scrape side. From the above situation, it can be seen that in order to separate the oil and fat in the oil raw material as efficiently as possible, it is desirable that the volume mixing ratio in the oiled raw material is 1 or less than the oil raw material 1.

  From the description using FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, if it is the second embodiment as described above, it can be continuously squeezed with a squeezing type oil press and more oil and fat in the oil raw material can be separated without waste. Therefore, the oil raw material can be extracted more efficiently, that is, the oil raw material can be separated into the oil and fat and the squeezed portion.

[Third embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the productivity of oil obtained by squeezing oil from Jatropha seeds related to the third embodiment of the method for squeezing oil raw materials according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an oil according to the present invention. It is a figure explaining the generation | occurrence | production amount of the oil squeezed residue in the case of squeezing the Jatropha seed relevant to 3rd embodiment of the oil extraction method of a raw material, or the internal seed core (kernel) which unshelled the seed. The third embodiment is characterized in that an internal seed nucleus (kernel) obtained by unshelling seeds of Jatropha curcas. L is used as the oil raw material up to the above-mentioned. Corresponds to the invention.

  Here, using FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the advantage of applying the oil raw material extraction method according to the present invention to the internal seed kernel (kernel) from which the Jatropha seeds have been unshelled will be described. FIG. 5 compares the annual production of oil per unit cultivated land area for various representative oil crops cultivated around the world. According to FIG. 5, the oil production of palm is prominent, followed by Jatropha, but palm can be cultivated in limited rainy areas where rain is abundant and relatively fertile. Since oil can be used as food, it has become difficult to obtain a global consensus in recent years to use it in large quantities as a fuel or industrial application. It has become difficult to go. On the other hand, while Jatropha has the second highest oil production after palm, Jatropha oil is edible because it is toxic and therefore does not compete with food applications like palm oil. Furthermore, Jatropha can be cultivated not only in the rainy tropical areas where palm can be grown, but also in land where there is little precipitation and it is dry and crops for food are not grown. Attention has been paid.

  The upper part of FIG. 6 compares the amount of jatropha seeds produced from the unit area of the cultivated land of Jatropha with the amount of oil generated by squeezing the seeds and the amount of squeezed squeezed residue. FIG. 6 is a comparison of the amount of oil generated by squeezing the seeds in the upper diagram of FIG. As shown not only in FIG. 6 but also in FIG. 5, Jatropha is capable of producing about 1.5 tons of oil per unit cultivated area per year. Simultaneously with the production of the oil, 3.5 tons of oil squeezed per year will be incidentally generated per unit cultivated land area that is more than twice the amount of oil generated. Even if the seeds are deshelled and only the seed core (kernel) is squeezed before oil extraction, kernel squeeze of approximately the same amount as that of the above-mentioned oil is generated. Effective use of oil squeeze generated in a large amount as a by-product when oil is produced in this way, that is, to increase the added value of the squeeze, has been the key to distributing Jatropha oil to the market at low cost. .

  Next, FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the superiority of the Jatropha seed kernel oil squeezed as feed material related to the third embodiment of the oil material raw material extraction method according to the present invention. From FIG. 7, the protein content, which is the most important ingredient for animal feed, is about 30% of the pomace when the oil is squeezed without thawing the Jatropha seeds, whereas the coconut seeds are shed. In the case of squeezing oil after extracting the kernel, it becomes 60% or more. Considering that the typical soybean meal is 45%, if the internal kernels from which Jatropha seeds have been unshelled can be continuously squeezed to produce pomace, this pomace will contain a very high protein content. It can be seen that it can be a feed ingredient superior to general soybean meal.

  As described above, in the third embodiment in which an internal seed kernel (kernel) obtained by unshelling Jatropha seeds is used as an oil raw material, when oil as a renewable energy resource (fuel) is mass-produced A large amount of pomace, which is a by-product, can be put on the market with high added value as a feed ingredient that is a substitute for soybean meal or superior to soybean meal, and as a result, when it is set as a business in Jatropha cultivation, oil production and sales Business profitability can be greatly improved, and the effect of stabilizing the market price of Jatropha oil as a renewable energy resource at a cheaper level can be expected.

It is the schematic which shows the work flow of 1st embodiment of the oil pressing method of the oil raw material which concerns on this invention. Regarding the oil raw material extraction method according to the present invention, a diagram illustrating a method of starting from a stage where only oil raw materials are prepared and the pomace is not yet prepared, and generating the pomace and increasing the amount thereof It is. Concerning the second embodiment of the oil raw material oil extraction method according to the present invention, continuous oil extraction is possible when the mixing ratio of the oil raw material and the pomace in the oil raw material to be input to the oil press is changed in the expression type oil press. It is a figure showing an operation area | region and an operation area | region impossible. Regarding the second embodiment of the oil raw material oil extraction method according to the present invention, when the mixing ratio of the oil raw material and the squeezed residue in the oil raw material to be input to the oil press is changed in the expression type oil press, it is generated after oil extraction. It is a figure showing the change of the amount of fats and oils which remain | survives in squeezing. It is a figure explaining the productivity of the oil obtained by oil extraction from the Jatropha seed relevant to 3rd embodiment of the oil oil raw material extraction method which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the amount of generation | occurrence | production of the expression squeezed residue in the case of squeezing the Jatropha seed relevant to 3rd embodiment of the oil extraction method of the oil raw material which concerns on this invention, or the internal seed core (kernel) which unshelled the seed . It is a figure explaining the predominance as a feed raw material of the Jatropha seed nuclear pressing oil pomace relevant to 3rd embodiment of the oil pressing method of the oil raw material which concerns on this invention.

Claims (3)

In the process of squeezing oil raw materials containing oil by the pressing method, the oil raw material and the squeezed residue discharged when the oil raw material is squeezed are mixed and supplied to the pressing type oil expression equipment A method for extracting oil from a raw material for oil. 2. The oil according to claim 1, wherein when the oil raw material and its squeezed residue are mixed, the volume mixing ratio of the oil raw material to the oil raw material 1 is in the range of 0.5 to 1. 3. Raw material extraction method. 3. The method for extracting oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inner seed nucleus (kernel) obtained by unshelling a seed of Jatropha curcas. L is used as the oil source.

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