JP2011214212A - Knitted fabric and fiber product using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a knitted fabric having heat-retaining properties even though light and thin as well as excellent in water absorbing and quickly drying performance by making use of functions such as light weight and heat-retaining properties that are inherent characteristics of a polypropylene fiber, and fiber products using the same.SOLUTION: The knitted fabric comprises an inner layer facing the skin, an outer layer and a connecting yarn for connecting them, wherein the inner layer is constituted of a yarn including the polypropylene fiber, and the outer layer and the connecting yarn are constituted of a hydrophobic synthetic fiber, and the fiber products using the same are provided.

Description

  The present invention uses polypropylene fibers (hereinafter sometimes referred to as PP fibers) suitable for textile products that directly touch the skin such as underwear, underwear, etc., and is light and thin with excellent heat retention and water absorption and speed. The present invention relates to a knitted fabric having a dry function and a textile product using the same.

  Conventionally, underwear and the like have been formed from a single knitted fabric made of various fibers, and if this does not provide sufficient warmth, a thick knitted fabric is used. However, by making it a thick knitted fabric, the heat retention is improved, but it is heavy, sweating for warmth often causes the skin side layer containing sweat to touch the skin and give cold feeling and discomfort, Since it is one piece of knitting place, there is a cooling effect due to intrusion of outside air, and a satisfactory effect is not obtained. Polypropylene fiber, on the other hand, was known for its excellent lightness, strength, heat retention, etc., but was rarely used as a knitted fabric material due to problems such as dyeability. Patent Document 1 describes a reversible circular knitted fabric in which one side is formed of polypropylene yarn and the other side is made of a material different from polypropylene yarn in order to effectively use the physical properties. Moreover, the inner layer on the skin side by double face knitting is knitted into a three-layer structure with polypropylene fiber yarns, and these three layers are composed of fiber yarns having the highest official moisture content in the outer layer and decreasing in order of the middle layer and inner layer A lightweight heat insulating garment is described in Patent Document 2.

JP 2003-268657 A JP 2009-209459 A

  The reversible circular knitted fabric described in Patent Document 1 describes a combination of polypropylene yarn and wool yarn, and sweat or the like flows through the knitted fabric from the skin surface toward the outside using the difference in moisture retention rate. Although it is described that transpiration from the outer surface, clothing using polypropylene yarn is not suitable for dry cleaning, so it is washed with water. In this case, since the wool yarn has a high moisture retention rate, the quick-drying property of the entire clothing is unknown. The lightweight heat-insulating garment described in Patent Document 2 describes a configuration in which the inner layer on the skin side is composed of polypropylene fiber yarns, and the skin is always kept dry and free from rewetting even when sweating. However, there is a description that the wet-back test presses for several minutes with a weight, and it is unclear when viewed from the viewpoint of water absorption and quick drying.

  The present invention makes use of the functions of PP fibers such as light weight and heat retention, and has a heat retention property even if it is light and thin, and is excellent in water absorption and quick drying performance even without being treated by pressing with a weight in particular. And a textile product using the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is composed of an inner layer on the skin side, an outer layer and a binding yarn connecting them, and the inner layer is composed of a yarn containing polypropylene fibers, and the outer layer and the binding layer The present invention provides a knitted fabric in which the yarn is composed of a hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarn, and a fiber product using the knitted fabric.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention provides a practical fiber product using PP fibers by adopting the above configuration, and has the effect of having water absorption and quick-drying performance as well as being excellent in heat retention even if it is light and thin. It is what you play.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
The knitted fabric of the present invention is composed of an inner layer on the skin side, an outer layer, and a binding yarn that connects the outer layer. The fibers constituting the inner layer are composed of yarns containing PP fibers. PP fibers have lower thermal conductivity than cellulose fibers and the like, thereby protecting the body from low temperatures in the outside world and suppressing the dissipation of body temperature. Moreover, since the specific gravity of PP fiber is 0.91 g / cm ³ and is the lightest fiber among general fibers, the knitted fabric using this fiber can be light.

  The PP fiber used in the present invention may be either a single fiber or a composite fiber, and in order to solve problems such as dyeability, a dyeable polymer such as an original fiber, a polypropylene nylon alloy, a polypropylene polyester alloy, etc. PP fibers containing may be used.

  When the PP fiber is a composite fiber, a core-sheath type composite fiber in which the core component is polypropylene and the sheath component is polyester is preferable. The melt flow rate (measured at 230 ° C. and 21.2 N in accordance with JIS K 7210) of the core component polypropylene is preferably more than 28 g / 10 min and less than 60 g / min, and the melt flow rate is 40 g / 10 min. Is more preferably 55 g / 10 min or less. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a core-sheath type composite fiber that can be stably spun without thread breakage to such an extent that actual production is possible, and has good dyeability. The composite ratio of the core component and the sheath component is preferably in the range of core component: sheath component = 20-80: 80-20 by mass ratio. From the viewpoint of quick drying and heat retention, the core component: sheath component = 40-70: The range of 60-30 is more preferable. Further, from the viewpoint of dyeability, the range of core component: sheath component = 30-60: 70-40 is more preferable. Polypropylene has a specific gravity of 0.90 to 0.91, and polyester has a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.4 (measured according to ASTM D792). It can be. The fineness of the PP fiber is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 dtex regardless of single or composite. If it is this range, it will be flexible and suitable for textiles etc.

  The yarn containing PP fibers constituting the inner layer is not particularly limited, such as spun yarn, multifilament, monofilament, but is preferably spun yarn. The spun yarn may be produced by any method such as a ring method, an open end method, a bundling method, an alternating twist method, a wrapping method, a vortex method, or a non-twist method, but the vortex method is preferred. This is because, in comparison with the ring method, the fiber is less susceptible to squeezing or friction in the production process of the spun yarn, and the yarn is less damaged. As a result, a knitted fabric with few defects of the dyed product can be obtained. Specifically, the whitening phenomenon due to the exposure of polypropylene is suppressed. As an eddy current spinning machine, there is “MVS” manufactured by Murata Machinery Co., Ltd. The preferred count of the spun yarn is an English count and ranges from 5 to 100S. The obtained spun yarn may be used as a single yarn or a plurality of twisted yarns.

  The number of fibers constituting the spun yarn is preferably 90 or more, and more preferably 100 or more. The upper limit of the preferred number of components is 500. If the number of fibers constituting the spun yarn is 90 or more, it is difficult to break the yarn in the spinning process or the like.

  By using the spun yarn, the voids in the fiber become finer, the immobile air layer in the fiber increases, and the heat retaining property can be improved, and the water absorption increases by increasing the fine voids. There is also an effect. The spun yarn preferably contains 10 mass% or more when the PP fiber is a single fiber. More preferably, it contains 20% by mass or more. More preferably, it contains 30% by mass. This is because if the PP fiber content is less than 10% by mass, the heat retaining property and lightness are deteriorated. Even when the PP fiber is a composite fiber, the composite fiber preferably contains 10% by mass or more, and more preferably contains 20% by mass or more. The composite fiber may be 100% by mass.

  You may combine PP fiber which comprises the thread | yarn of an inner layer, and another fiber. As a combination method, any of mixed spinning, synthetic yarn, mixed fiber, drawing, knit, and the like may be used. Examples of fibers other than PP fibers constituting the inner layer yarn include acrylic fibers, nylon, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, nylon fibers, rayon fibers, cupra fibers, acetate fibers, ethylene vinyl alcohol fibers, urethane fibers, and cotton. Examples of the fibers include hemp fibers, silk fibers, wool fibers, and cashmere fibers, and a plurality of the fibers may be combined. Of these, synthetic fibers, acrylic fibers, urethane fibers or wool fibers are preferred.

  A combination of PP fibers and acrylic fibers is preferred. This is because acrylic fibers are bulky and have heat retention. In addition, since acrylic fibers have a characteristic that they can be blended with other fibers to produce vivid colors, the problem of dyeability can be cleared. The blend ratio of acrylic fibers is preferably 30 to 90% by mass. Since the official moisture content of polypropylene is 0.0% and acrylic is 2.0%, by blending PP fiber and acrylic fiber, the apparent official moisture content becomes 0.6-1.8%, It is thought to contribute to water absorption and quick drying performance. Here, the apparent official moisture content is obtained simply by multiplying the official moisture content of the fiber by the blend ratio. In the case of a composite fiber, it is similarly determined according to the blending ratio of the core part and the sheath part. The fineness of the acrylic fiber is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 dtex. If it is this range, it is suitable for textiles etc.

  A combination of PP fibers and polyester fibers is also preferred. Polyester fiber has a low official moisture content of 0.4% and strong hydrophobicity, so the polyester fiber itself does not retain water and diffuses sweat, etc. by using a water-absorbing agent, etc. This is because of this. The fineness of the polyester fiber is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 dtex. If it is this range, it is suitable for textiles etc.

  Note that urethane fibers may be further combined with the above combinations. Urethane fiber is excellent in stretchability and contracts slowly, so that a knitted fabric with stretchability can be obtained while utilizing a soft texture.

Next, the manufacturing method of PP fiber is demonstrated.
In order to produce a single PP fiber, a polypropylene resin is melted in an extruder at a high temperature, and the PP fiber is spun from a nozzle. It is preferable to add a phenol-based stabilizer that suppresses oxidative degradation to the polypropylene resin. However, PP fibers have a large surface area and often come into contact with various gases. In particular, a phenol-based stabilizer that changes color due to contact with NOx or SOx gas or alkali is avoided. Further, the combined use of a phosphorus-based or lactone-based stabilizer improves the effect of suppressing oxidative degradation during PP fiber production. Next, it is necessary to assume harsh conditions such as long-term use at high temperatures and use in places exposed to ultraviolet rays in the use of PP fiber. In this case, a HALS-based stabilizer based on phenol Is preferably used in combination, but in view of washing durability and the like, those having a high molecular weight are preferable.

  A method for producing a core-sheath composite fiber in which the core component is polypropylene and the sheath component is polyester is that the core component polypropylene has a melt flow rate in the range of more than 28 g / 10 min and less than 60 g / 10 min, It is preferable that the sheath component is melt-spun from the composite spinneret in a core-sheath state to obtain an unstretched yarn, and the obtained unstretched yarn is stretched and set to constant length or tension heat treatment. In the above, the constant length or tension heat treatment set after stretching is performed for dimensional stabilization. By this constant length or tension heat treatment set, it is possible to prevent shrinkage or relaxation from occurring in a later process. It is preferable to perform the constant length or tension heat treatment set after stretching in hot water at 85 to 100 ° C. The time is preferably about 15 seconds to 180 seconds. In this method, the stretching is preferably performed by wet stretching in a relatively low temperature hot water bath of about 50 to 70 ° C. This is to prevent peeling of the core component and the sheath component under mild stretching conditions. Further, by stretching at a relatively low temperature, hydrolysis of the polyester component can be prevented, and fusion or sticking of fibers can also be prevented. The stretching ratio is preferably a relatively mild stretching condition of about 1.3 to 3.5 times. More preferably, it is 1.8 to 2.7 times. This is also to prevent peeling of the core component and the sheath component. A preferable production process is a process of stretching, setting a constant length or tension heat treatment, applying crimp with a crimper, and drying. Drying is performed at a temperature of 105 to 115 ° C. with a dryer for about 15 minutes. In order to make this composite fiber into a spun yarn or a nonwoven fabric, it is carried out in a tow state until a drying step, and then cut into a predetermined fiber length. When making a filament, it is stretched, set to a constant length or tension heat treatment, and wound.

  The fibers constituting the outer layer and the binding yarn are hydrophobic synthetic fibers. Here, the hydrophobic property means that the official moisture content is 4.0% or less. The form of the hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarn is not particularly limited, such as a spun yarn or a filament yarn, but is preferably a multifilament yarn. By using the multifilament yarn, the surface property of the knitted fabric is improved.

  It is preferable to use the same fiber as the hydrophobic synthetic fiber constituting the outer layer and the binding yarn. Examples of the fibers constituting the hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarn include polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyolefin fibers, and wool fibers, and one or a combination of these may be used. . Moreover, in order to exhibit stretch property more, you may put a polyurethane fiber. Of these, the use of polyester fibers is preferred from the viewpoint of versatility. From the viewpoint of dyeability, polyester fibers of a type that can be dyed at low temperatures are preferred. Examples of the type of polyester fiber that can be dyed at a low temperature include cationic diable polyester fibers. The fineness of the hydrophobic synthetic fiber is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 dtex. If it is this range, it is flexible and suitable for a textile product etc.

  In addition, both the binding yarn and the hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarn constituting the outer layer can also be used as the knitted fabric of the present invention by using fibers containing an original fiber and a dyeable polymer.

  As a combination of the yarn containing PP fiber constituting the inner layer, the binding yarn and the hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarn constituting the outer layer, for a fiber product for spring / summer or all year, the inner layer is made of PP fiber and polyester Fiber, binding yarn and outer layer are a combination of polyester fibers, and for textile products for fall and winter, inner layer is PP fiber and acrylic fiber, or wool fiber, binding yarn and outer layer is a combination of acrylic fiber or wool fiber Is preferred. Urethane fibers may be further combined in both combinations.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention preferably contains 5% by mass or more of PP fiber, more preferably 10% by mass or more. More preferably, 30% by mass or more of PP fiber is contained. This is because if the PP fiber is less than 5% by mass, the heat retaining property is deteriorated.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention is composed of an inner layer on the skin side, an outer layer, and a binding yarn connecting these layers, but the cross-sectional shape of the knitted fabric viewed from the side can always be clearly confirmed as a three-layer structure. Although not necessary, a double face knitting or a cardboard knitting is preferable. These knitting methods are preferable because they can contain many air layers and have good heat retention. Here, the double face knitting means that the inner layer and the outer layer have different knitting structures, and the corrugated cardboard knitting means that the inner layer and the outer layer have the same knitting structure and has an air layer in the space.

The knitted fabric of the present invention has a good water-absorbing and diffusing performance, and therefore also has good sweat absorption and quick drying properties. Here, the water absorption / diffusion performance is evaluated by the water absorption time and the water absorption / diffusion area for water absorption when 0.2 ml of pure water is dropped. That is, the knitted fabric of the present invention can have water absorption such that when 0.2 ml of pure water is dropped, the water absorption time is 5 seconds or less and the water absorption diffusion area after 1 minute is 10 cm ² or more. The measuring method of water absorption time and a water absorption diffusion area is mentioned later.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention may be formed into a dense structure with inner and outer layers of the knitted fabric, or a yarn having a modified cross-section fiber may be used. Moreover, it is good to improve water absorption performance with the thread | yarn containing PP fiber and the hydrophobic synthetic fiber thread | yarn. In order to improve the water absorption performance of the yarn containing PP fiber and the hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarn, for example, a water absorption treatment agent can be used. This water-absorbing treatment agent may be used at the fiber stage before knitting, or may be used when dyeing or finishing the knitted fabric. I'm not particular about it. As the water absorption treatment agent, for example, an appropriate amount of SR-1000 manufactured by Takamatsu Yushi Co., Ltd. can be used. Here, the improvement in water absorption performance refers to a case where a water droplet is dropped on the knitted fabric using the fiber yarn, and the angle at which the rounded water droplet contacts the knitted fabric is smaller than 30 degrees. . By the way, the contact angle of water repellent material used for surface treatment such as frying pan is said to be about 110 degrees. The contact angle is measured by the θ / 2 method. That is, it is a method of obtaining from the angle of the straight line connecting the left and right end points and the vertex of the droplet to the solid surface. Since this method is based on the premise that the droplet is a part of a sphere, it can be measured by measuring the amount of droplet with negligible influence of gravity and directly reading with a protractor.

  When dyeing or finishing the knitted fabric, an antibacterial agent or an antistatic agent can be used in combination with the water absorption treatment agent.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention is subjected to dyeing (including scouring, dyeing, soft finishing, etc.). Unless otherwise specified, each measurement data indicates a measurement value for the knitted fabric after dyeing.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention is used as a raw material for a textile product in the same manner as a normal knitted fabric to give a textile product. Specifically, various textile products such as underwear, underwear, sports clothing, and cold clothing are provided. Since PP fibers have a small thermal conductivity, the fiber product using the knitted fabric is provided with warmness to the wearer and has a low feeling of cooling by being composed of yarns containing PP fibers in the inner layer. Since sweat is dissipated from the outer surface through the knitted fabric toward the binding yarn and outer layer from the yarn containing PP fibers on the skin surface side, it becomes easy to dry and can also give the wearer a feeling of comfort. .

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to a following example. The performance of the following examples was measured by the following method.

  (Measurement of thickness) Thickness was measured according to JIS L1018.

  (Heat retention rate) The heat retention rate was measured by the dry contact method with a measuring instrument "Thermo Lab 2 (manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.)". Specifically, in a constant air flow (30 cm / s), a heat dissipation rate (power consumption) radiated through a test piece (20 × 20 cm) from a hot plate set at environmental temperature + 10 ° C. is measured, and a heat retention rate Seeking. It is determined that the greater the heat retention rate, the higher the heat retention.

  (Water absorption time) When 0.2 ml of pure water was dropped on the surface of the inner knitted fabric, the water absorption time was measured as the time required for complete penetration. The applicant judges that 5 seconds or less is acceptable (a level that can sufficiently withstand practical use).

(Water Absorption Diffusion Area) After 0.2 ml of pure water was dropped on the inner layer knitted fabric surface, the water absorption diffusion area was measured by the wet spread area (vertical x horizontal) after 1 minute. The applicant has determined that 10 cm ² or more is acceptable (a level that can sufficiently withstand practical use).

(Dyeability) The knitted fabric after dyeing processing (including scouring, dyeing, finishing, etc.) was visually evaluated from the outer layer side, and the dyeability was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○ There are few unstained white parts. △ There are a few unstained white parts. × Many unstained white parts.

Example 1
1. Inner layer 40S (English cotton count) obtained by spinning a core-sheath composite fiber (core component: sheath component = 5: 5, fineness 1.2 dtex, fiber length 38 mm) having a core component of polypropylene and a sheath component of polyester by a vortex method. A spun yarn was prepared.
2. Binding yarn, outer layer Polyester multifilament yarn (75 denier-36 filament, single fiber fineness 2.1 dtex) was prepared.
A knitted fabric was obtained with the above configuration. The basis weight was 132 g / m ² . The obtained knitted fabric was pre-set, then subjected to scouring treatment, disperse dyeing at 120 ° C., and reduction washing, followed by a water absorption finish.

The heat retention rate of the obtained knitted fabric was measured. The heat retention rate was 21.2%. This value indicates that it is warmer than the heat retention rate of 19.2% of an equivalent product using a spun yarn of 100% cotton 40S (English cotton count) (bare knitted fabric, basis weight 129 g / m ² ).

The obtained knitted fabric had a water absorption time of 1.8 seconds and a water absorption diffusion area of 18.6 cm ² , and both were determined to be acceptable.

(Example 2)
1. Inner layer 50S (English cotton count) obtained by spinning a core-sheath composite fiber (core component: sheath component = 5: 5, fineness 1.3 dtex, fiber length 38 mm) whose core component is polypropylene and whose sheath component is polyester by a ring method. A spun yarn was prepared.
2. Binding yarn, outer layer Polyester multifilament yarn (75 denier-36 filament, single fiber fineness 2.1 dtex) was prepared.
A knitted fabric was obtained with the above configuration. The basis weight was 192 g / m ² . The obtained knitted fabric was processed in the same manner as in Example 1.

The heat retention rate of the obtained knitted fabric was measured. The heat retention rate was 24.2%. This value indicates that it is warmer than the heat retention rate of 19.1% of an equivalent product using a spun yarn of 100% cotton 50S (English cotton count) (bare knitted fabric, basis weight 199 g / m ² ).

The obtained knitted fabric had a water absorption time of 1.6 seconds and a water absorption diffusion area of 20.2 cm ² .

(Example 3)
1. Inner layer 50S (English cotton count) obtained by blending 30% polypropylene (fineness 1.3dtex, fiber length 45mm) and 70% acrylic (fineness 1.0dtex, fiber length 38mm) and spinning them using a known spinning process (ring method) Of spun yarn.
2. Binding yarn, outer layer Polyester multifilament yarn (75 denier-48 filament, single fiber fineness 1.6 dtex) was prepared.
A knitted fabric having a three-layer structure was obtained by the corrugated cardboard structure with the above configuration. The basis weight was 174 g / m ² . The obtained knitted fabric was pre-set, then subjected to scouring treatment, cationic dyeing (including a water absorption treatment agent), soaping and washing at 110 ° C., and then water absorption finish.

The heat retention rate of the obtained knitted fabric was measured. The heat retention rate was 30.2%. This value indicates that it is warmer than the heat retention rate of 19.1% of an equivalent product using a spun yarn of 100% cotton 50S (English cotton count) (bare knitted fabric, basis weight 199 g / m ² ).

The obtained knitted fabric had a water absorption time of 1.9 seconds and a water absorption diffusion area of 18.6 cm ² .

(Comparative Example 1)
50S (English cotton count) spun yarn and polyester multifilament yarn (75 denier-48 filament, single fiber fineness 1.6dtex) prepared by spinning 100% polypropylene (fineness 1.3dtex, fiber length 45mm) And I got a knitted fabric of Tengu. The basis weight was 205 g / m ² . The treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resulting knitted fabric was subjected to a water absorption finish.

The heat retention rate of the obtained knitted fabric was measured. Although the heat retention rate was 19.7%, the stainability evaluation was “x”. Further, the water absorption time was 60 seconds or more and the water absorption diffusion area was 0.9 cm ² .

  Table 1 shows the results of the basis weight, thickness, heat retention rate, water absorption time, and water absorption diffusion area of the knitted fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1.

(Table 1)
Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1
Weight per unit area (g / m ² ) 132 192 174 205
Thickness (mm) 0.42 0.52 0.46 0.68
Thermal insulation rate (%) 21.2 24.2 30.2 19.7
Water absorption time (seconds) 1.8 1.6 1.9> 60
Water absorption diffusion area (cm ² ) 18.6 20.2 18.6 0.9
Dyeability ○ ○ ○ ×

  The knitted fabric of the present invention is a knitted fabric that is light and thin, has heat retention, water absorption and quick drying performance, and excellent dyeability. The knitted fabric obtained in Example 3 was washed 10 times and 30 times according to JIS L 0217 103 method, and the measurement results of the heat retention rate, water absorption time, and water absorption diffusion area after 10 times and 30 times of washing were as follows. It shows in Table 2.

(Table 2)
After 10 washings After 30 washings Thermal insulation rate (%) 30.2 30.0
Water absorption time (seconds) 1.1 1.3
Water absorption diffusion area (cm ² ) 16.1 13.0

  The knitted fabric of the present invention exhibits the same effect with respect to the heat retention rate, the water absorption time, and the water absorption diffusion area after 10 and 30 washings.

Example 4
Men's underwear was created using the knitted fabric obtained in Example 3.

  The underwear of Example 4 also has the same effect as described in Tables 1 and 2 with respect to the heat retention rate, the water absorption time, and the water absorption diffusion area.

Claims (4)

A knitted fabric composed of an inner layer on the skin side, an outer layer and a binding yarn connecting them,
A knitted fabric in which the inner layer is composed of yarn containing polypropylene fibers, and the outer layer and the binding yarn are composed of hydrophobic synthetic fiber yarns. The knitted fabric according to claim 1, wherein a water absorption time when 0.2 ml of pure water is dropped on the surface of the knitted fabric is 5 seconds or less and a water absorption diffusion area after 1 minute is 10 cm ² or more.   The knitted fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the knitted fabric is a double face knitted fabric or a corrugated cardboard knitted fabric.   A textile product using the knitted fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3.