JP2011204949A - Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents

Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor Download PDF

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JP2011204949A
JP2011204949A JP2010071465A JP2010071465A JP2011204949A JP 2011204949 A JP2011204949 A JP 2011204949A JP 2010071465 A JP2010071465 A JP 2010071465A JP 2010071465 A JP2010071465 A JP 2010071465A JP 2011204949 A JP2011204949 A JP 2011204949A
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electrolyte
boric acid
electrolytic solution
butyrolactone
specific resistance
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JP5630049B2 (en
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Shingo Takeuchi
慎吾 竹内
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Nippon Chemi Con Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor capable of leading to an electrolytic capacitor hardly causing characteristic degradation even after long-term use at high temperature without causing a problem such as electrolyte leakage, in an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor high in sparking voltage and low in a specific resistance value.SOLUTION: In this electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor prepared by dissolving amidine salt of phthalic acid, boric acid and sugar alcohol as essential constituents in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane, when the γ-butyrolactone and the sulfolane are contained in the range of 80:20 to 95:5 in a mass ratio, the boric acid and the sugar alcohol are contained in the range of 1:1.1 to 1:1.8 in a mass ratio, and the sum of masses of the boric acid and the sugar alcohol is set to 9-15 mass% against the total mass of the electrolyte, the electrolyte high in a sparking voltage, low in a specific resistance value at low temperatures and capable of maintaining the high sparking voltage and the low specific resistance value even after a high-temperature shelf test at 125°C can be obtained.

Description

本発明は、火花電圧が高く、高温使用条件下でも特性劣化の少ない電解コンデンサ用電解液に関する。   The present invention relates to an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor having a high spark voltage and little characteristic deterioration even under high temperature use conditions.

電解コンデンサは、陽・陰極とこれらの間に配置された電解液を保持したセパレータとが密封ケース内に収容された構造を有しており、巻回型、積層型等の形状のものが広く使用されている。そして、上記電解コンデンサの電解液として、エチレングリコールを主溶媒とし、アジピン酸、安息香酸などのカルボン酸のアンモニウム塩などを電解質とした電解液が従来から用いられてきた。   An electrolytic capacitor has a structure in which a positive / cathode and a separator holding an electrolytic solution disposed therebetween are accommodated in a sealed case, and a wide variety of shapes such as a wound type and a laminated type are used. in use. As an electrolytic solution for the electrolytic capacitor, an electrolytic solution using ethylene glycol as a main solvent and an ammonium salt of a carboxylic acid such as adipic acid or benzoic acid as an electrolyte has been conventionally used.

ところで、近年の電子機器の小型化、高温化に伴い、電解コンデンサには低インピーダンス特性と高温使用条件下での特性安定性が要求されている。しかしながら、上述したエチレングリコールを主溶媒とした電解液には、低温での比抵抗値が高く、高温領域での安定性に欠けるという問題があった。そこで、エチレングリコールよりも沸点が高い上に粘性の低いγ−ブチロラクトンを主溶媒とし、これにマレイン酸塩やフタル酸塩を溶解させた電解液が検討されてきた。   By the way, with recent miniaturization and higher temperatures of electronic devices, electrolytic capacitors are required to have low impedance characteristics and characteristic stability under high temperature use conditions. However, the above-described electrolyte solution using ethylene glycol as a main solvent has a problem in that it has a high specific resistance value at a low temperature and lacks stability in a high temperature region. Therefore, an electrolytic solution in which γ-butyrolactone, which has a higher boiling point than ethylene glycol and has a low viscosity, is used as a main solvent and maleate and phthalate are dissolved therein has been studied.

このような電解液として、特許文献1(特開昭62−9618号公報)は、溶媒としてのγ−ブチロラクトンにフタル酸のアミジン塩を添加した電解コンデンサ用電解液を開示している。この電解液によると、低温領域での比抵抗値と高温領域での安定性が改善されるものの、火花電圧が低くなるため、この電解液の用途は35WV級以下の低圧用コンデンサに限定されていた。   As such an electrolytic solution, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-9618) discloses an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor in which an amidine salt of phthalic acid is added to γ-butyrolactone as a solvent. According to this electrolytic solution, although the specific resistance value in the low temperature region and the stability in the high temperature region are improved, the spark voltage is lowered. Therefore, the use of this electrolytic solution is limited to a low voltage capacitor of 35 WV class or less. It was.

これに対し、電解液の溶質としてホウ酸又はホウ酸と糖アルコールとの組み合わせを使用することにより、或いは、γ−ブチロラクトンより高沸点を有するスルホランを溶媒の一部として使用することにより、電解液の低温領域での低い比抵抗値と高温領域での高い安定性を維持したままで火花電圧を改善する方法が提案されている。   On the other hand, by using boric acid or a combination of boric acid and sugar alcohol as the solute of the electrolytic solution, or by using sulfolane having a higher boiling point than γ-butyrolactone as part of the solvent, the electrolytic solution A method has been proposed for improving the spark voltage while maintaining a low specific resistance value in the low temperature region and high stability in the high temperature region.

特許文献2(特開昭63−261823号公報)は、γ−ブチロラクトン或いはγ−ブチロラクトンとエチレングリコールとの混合物に、マレイン酸テトラメチルアンモニウム塩或いはテトラエチルアンモニウム塩と、ホウ酸と、ヘキシットとを添加した電解コンデンサ用電解液を開示している。ホウ酸及びヘキシットは、それぞれ単独ではγ−ブチロラクトンに溶解しにくいものの、併用により溶解性に優れたヘキシットのホウ素錯体が生成し、電解液の比抵抗値をあまり上昇させずに火花電圧を上昇させることができる。   Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-261823) adds γ-butyrolactone or a mixture of γ-butyrolactone and ethylene glycol to tetramethylammonium maleate or tetraethylammonium salt, boric acid, and hexit. An electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor is disclosed. Boric acid and hexit are difficult to dissolve in γ-butyrolactone alone, but the combined use produces a hexit boron complex with excellent solubility, raising the spark voltage without significantly increasing the specific resistance of the electrolyte. be able to.

特許文献3(特開平2−156620号公報)は、γ−ブチロラクトンとエチレングリコールとの混合溶媒に有機酸のアミン塩を溶解させた液に、火花電圧を向上させる目的でリン酸或いは亜リン酸とリンタングステン酸或いはケイタングステン酸とを添加し、さらにホウ酸とマンニット等の糖アルコールとを添加した電解コンデンサ用電解液を開示している。ホウ酸と糖アルコールとは、火花電圧を高く維持したまま高温安定性を向上させるために添加されている。   Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-156620) discloses phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid for the purpose of improving spark voltage in a solution obtained by dissolving an amine salt of an organic acid in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and ethylene glycol. An electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors is disclosed in which phosphotungstic acid or silicotungstic acid is added, and boric acid and sugar alcohol such as mannitol are further added. Boric acid and sugar alcohol are added to improve high-temperature stability while maintaining a high spark voltage.

特許文献4(特開平3−181114号公報)は、γ−ブチロラクトンとエチレングリコールとからなる溶媒に、フタル酸のテトラメチルアンモニウム塩と、ホウ酸と、長寿命化のためのp−ニトロフェノール或いはP−ニトロ安息香酸とを添加した電解コンデンサ用電解液を開示している。ホウ酸はγ−ブチロラクトンには溶解しにくいため、ホウ酸を予めエチレングリコールに溶解させることによりホウ酸とエチレングリコールとのエステル化物を形成させ、この液をフタル酸のテトラメチルアンモニウム塩を含むγ−ブチロラクトン液と混合している。   Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-181114) discloses that a solvent comprising γ-butyrolactone and ethylene glycol, tetramethylammonium salt of phthalic acid, boric acid, and p-nitrophenol for extending the life or An electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor to which P-nitrobenzoic acid is added is disclosed. Since boric acid is difficult to dissolve in γ-butyrolactone, boric acid is dissolved in ethylene glycol in advance to form an esterified product of boric acid and ethylene glycol, and this liquid is converted to γ containing tetramethylammonium salt of phthalic acid. -Mixed with butyrolactone solution.

特許文献5(特開2002−217068号公報)は、スルホランとγ−ブチロラクトン等の非プロトン性有極性溶媒との混合溶媒に、フタル酸アミジン塩等のフタル酸塩と、電極材料の水和劣化とを抑制するためのジ亜リン酸アンモニウムとを溶解させた電解コンデンサ用電解液を開示している。非プロトン性有極性溶媒として、γ−ブチロラクトンが高温寿命及び高電導度の点で優れていることが記載されている。高沸点を有するスルホランと非プロトン性有極性溶媒との混合溶媒にすることにより、高温条件下において安定でフタル酸塩との化学反応が抑制される。   Patent Document 5 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-217068) discloses that hydration degradation of electrode materials and phthalates such as amidine phthalate and mixed solvents of sulfolane and aprotic polar solvents such as γ-butyrolactone. An electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors in which ammonium diphosphite for suppressing the above is dissolved is disclosed. As an aprotic polar solvent, it is described that γ-butyrolactone is excellent in terms of high temperature life and high electrical conductivity. By using a mixed solvent of a sulfolane having a high boiling point and an aprotic polar solvent, the chemical reaction with the phthalate is stable under high temperature conditions.

特開昭62−9618号公報JP 62-9618 A 特開昭63−261823号公報JP-A-63-261823 特開平2−156620号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-156620 特開平3−181114号公報JP-A-3-181114 特開2002−217068号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-217068

しかしながら、電解コンデンサに対し、低インピーダンス特性と高温使用条件下での特性安定性に対するさらなる改善が要求されている。特に、自動車産業分野における自動車性能の高性能化に伴い、エンジンの燃料噴出装置の制御回路用の電解コンデンサなどには、125℃使用下における80WV級以上の動作保証と−40℃における低いインピーダンス特性が求められ、その上、125℃での長期使用後においても静電容量やインピーダンス特性などの劣化が少なく、液漏れなどの問題もないコンデンサが求められている。   However, electrolytic capacitors are required to further improve the low impedance characteristics and the characteristic stability under high temperature use conditions. In particular, as the performance of automobiles in the automobile industry increases, electrolytic capacitors for control circuits of engine fuel injection devices, etc., are guaranteed to operate at 80 WV class or higher when used at 125 ° C. and have low impedance characteristics at −40 ° C. In addition, there is a need for a capacitor that has little deterioration in capacitance and impedance characteristics after long-term use at 125 ° C., and that does not have problems such as liquid leakage.

しかしながら、特許文献2の電解液のようにマレイン酸テトラメチルアンモニウム塩或いはテトラエチルアンモニウム塩のようなカルボン酸の四級アンモニウム塩を使用すると、電解コンデンサの液漏れが生じるという問題点があった。また、火花電圧の向上効果も、125℃使用下における80WV級以上の動作保証のためには満足のいくものではなかった。   However, when a quaternary ammonium salt of carboxylic acid such as tetramethylammonium maleate or tetraethylammonium salt is used as in the electrolyte solution of Patent Document 2, there is a problem that the electrolytic capacitor leaks. Further, the effect of improving the spark voltage was not satisfactory for guaranteeing the operation of 80 WV class or higher under the use of 125 ° C.

また、特許文献2〜4に記載されているように、エチレングリコールを溶媒の一部として使用すると、ホウ酸及び糖アルコールの混合溶媒に対する溶解性は向上するものの、火花電圧の向上効果は、125℃使用下における80WV級以上の動作保証のためには満足のいくものではなく、また、フタル酸等のカルボン酸とエチレングリコールとのエステル化反応が生じるため、この電解液を用いた電解コンデンサを長期間使用すると、電解液の比抵抗値が徐々に上昇するという問題があった。したがって、電解コンデンサの特性の長期安定化のためには、溶媒にエチレングリコールを含まないようにするのが好ましい。   Moreover, as described in Patent Documents 2 to 4, when ethylene glycol is used as a part of the solvent, although the solubility in a mixed solvent of boric acid and sugar alcohol is improved, the effect of improving the spark voltage is 125. It is not satisfactory for guaranteeing the operation of 80 WV class or higher when used at ℃, and since an esterification reaction between carboxylic acid such as phthalic acid and ethylene glycol occurs, an electrolytic capacitor using this electrolytic solution is used. When used for a long time, there has been a problem that the specific resistance value of the electrolyte gradually increases. Therefore, in order to stabilize the characteristics of the electrolytic capacitor for a long period of time, it is preferable that the solvent does not contain ethylene glycol.

さらに、特許文献5のγ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒にフタル酸アミジン塩を溶解させた電解液は、低温領域での比抵抗値と高温領域での安定性には問題がないが、この電解液の火花電圧は特許文献1の電解液と同様に低かった。   Furthermore, the electrolytic solution in which phthalic acid amidine salt is dissolved in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane of Patent Document 5 has no problem in the specific resistance value in the low temperature region and the stability in the high temperature region. The spark voltage of the electrolyte was as low as the electrolyte of Patent Document 1.

したがって、従来の電解液では、上述のエンジンの燃料噴出装置の制御回路用の電解コンデンサなどに求められる要求を満足させることができない。   Therefore, the conventional electrolyte cannot satisfy the requirements for the electrolytic capacitor for the control circuit of the fuel injection device of the engine described above.

そこで、本発明の目的は、上述の要求に答えることができる電解コンデンサへと導くことが可能な電解コンデンサ用電解液を提供することである。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor that can be led to an electrolytic capacitor that can meet the above-described requirements.

γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒にフタル酸アミジン塩を溶解させた電解液に、ホウ酸及び糖アルコールを添加すると、電解液の低温領域での低い比抵抗値と高温領域での高い安定性を維持した上で電解液の火花電圧を改善することができるように考えられる。しかしながら、ホウ酸及び糖アルコールはγ−ブチロラクトン及びスルホランに難溶性であるため、このような電解液は実現し難いように思われていた。特許文献5にも、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒を使用した電解液に対するホウ酸と糖アルコールとの溶解条件はなんら示唆されていない。   When boric acid and sugar alcohol are added to an electrolytic solution in which a phthalic acid amidine salt is dissolved in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane, low specific resistance value in the low temperature region and high stability in the high temperature region It is considered that the spark voltage of the electrolyte can be improved while maintaining the above. However, since boric acid and sugar alcohol are sparingly soluble in γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane, such an electrolytic solution seems to be difficult to achieve. Patent Document 5 also does not suggest any conditions for dissolving boric acid and sugar alcohol in an electrolytic solution using a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane.

発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒にフタル酸アミジン塩を溶解させた電解液において、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとを特定の質量比で併用すると、意外にも、エチレングリコールを溶媒の一部として使用しなくても、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとが良好に溶解し、そしてγ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの質量比を特定の範囲にし、さらにホウ酸と糖アルコールとの電解液における溶解量を特定の範囲にすることにより、上述の目的が達成されることを発見した。   As a result of intensive studies, the inventors surprisingly found that when boric acid and sugar alcohol are used in a specific mass ratio in an electrolyte solution in which a phthalic acid amidine salt is dissolved in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane. Even if ethylene glycol is not used as a part of the solvent, boric acid and sugar alcohol dissolve well, and the mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane is within a specific range. It was discovered that the above-mentioned object can be achieved by setting the amount of dissolution in the electrolyte solution within a specific range.

したがって、本発明の電解コンデンサ用電解液は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒に、フタル酸アミジン塩、ホウ酸、及び糖アルコールを必須成分として溶解させた電解コンデンサ用電解液であって、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの質量比が80:20〜95:5の範囲であり、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとの質量比が1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であり、且つ、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとの合計量が電解液全体の9〜15質量%であることを特徴とする。   Therefore, the electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors of the present invention is an electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors in which phthalic acid amidine salt, boric acid, and sugar alcohol are dissolved as essential components in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane, The mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane is in the range of 80:20 to 95: 5, the mass ratio of boric acid to sugar alcohol is in the range of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8, and The total amount of boric acid and sugar alcohol is 9 to 15% by mass of the whole electrolyte solution.

フタル酸アミジン塩をγ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒に溶解させた液に、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとを質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲で溶解させると、意外にも、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとを合計量で電解液全体の13〜15質量%程度まで溶解させることができ、このホウ酸と糖アルコールとの合計量を電解液全体の9〜15質量%にし、さらに、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとを質量比で80:20〜95:5の範囲にすることにより、火花電圧が高く、比抵抗値が低く、さらに、高温放置試験においても火花電圧も比抵抗値も変化しにくい電解液が得られる。   When boric acid and sugar alcohol are dissolved in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8 in a solution obtained by dissolving amidine phthalate salt in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane, it is unexpected. In addition, boric acid and sugar alcohol can be dissolved in a total amount up to about 13 to 15% by mass of the whole electrolyte solution, and the total amount of boric acid and sugar alcohol is 9 to 15% by mass of the whole electrolyte solution. In addition, by making γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 95: 5, the spark voltage is high and the specific resistance value is low. An electrolytic solution in which the resistance value hardly changes can be obtained.

本発明の電解コンデンサ用電解液におけるフタル酸アミジン塩の含有量は、−40℃程度の低温での比抵抗値が十分に低ければ問題がないが、電解液全体の8〜18質量%が好ましく、10〜14質量%であるのが特に好ましい。   The content of amidine phthalate in the electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors of the present invention is not a problem as long as the specific resistance value at a low temperature of about −40 ° C. is sufficiently low, but is preferably 8 to 18% by mass of the entire electrolytic solution. 10 to 14% by mass is particularly preferable.

本発明により、125℃の使用条件下において80WV級以上の動作を保証することができ、−40℃でもインピーダンス特性が良好で、さらに125℃での長期使用後においてもインピーダンス特性の劣化が少ない電解コンデンサへと導くことが可能な、125℃の使用条件下における火花電圧が高く、比抵抗値、特に−40℃における比抵抗値が低く、125℃高温放置後もその高い火花電圧と低い比抵抗値を維持した電解コンデンサ用電解液を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to guarantee an operation of 80 WV class or higher under the use condition of 125 ° C., good impedance characteristics even at −40 ° C., and less deterioration of impedance characteristics even after long-term use at 125 ° C. The spark voltage under the use condition of 125 ° C. that can be led to the capacitor is high, the specific resistance value, particularly the specific resistance value at −40 ° C. is low, and the high spark voltage and low specific resistance after leaving at a high temperature of 125 ° C. An electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors that maintains the value can be provided.

本発明の電解コンデンサ用電解液は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒に、フタル酸アミジン塩、ホウ酸、及び糖アルコールを必須成分として溶解させた電解コンデンサ用電解液である。   The electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors of the present invention is an electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors in which phthalic acid amidine salt, boric acid, and sugar alcohol are dissolved as essential components in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane.

本発明の電解液は、カルボン酸電解質としてフタル酸アミジン塩を含む。フタル酸は、熱安定性に優れる上に電解液の比抵抗値の上昇を抑制するのに好適である。フタル酸より分子量の大きいカルボン酸を使用すると電解液の比抵抗値が上昇し、フタル酸より分子量の小さいカルボン酸を使用すると耐圧が悪化する。また、マレイン酸は電解液中で使用中にフマル酸に変化し、その結果電解液の比抵抗が上昇するため好ましくない。   The electrolytic solution of the present invention contains a phthalic acid amidine salt as a carboxylic acid electrolyte. Phthalic acid is excellent in thermal stability and suitable for suppressing an increase in the specific resistance value of the electrolytic solution. When a carboxylic acid having a molecular weight higher than that of phthalic acid is used, the specific resistance value of the electrolyte increases, and when a carboxylic acid having a molecular weight lower than that of phthalic acid is used, the pressure resistance deteriorates. Further, maleic acid is not preferable because it changes into fumaric acid during use in the electrolytic solution, and as a result, the specific resistance of the electrolytic solution increases.

本発明の電解液において使用するフタル酸アミジン塩の例としては、アルキル置換アミジン基を有する化合物またはアルキル置換アミジン基を有する化合物の四級塩が好ましく、アルキル置換アミジン基を有する化合物は、イミダゾール化合物、ベンゾイミダゾール化合物、脂環式アミジン化合物(ピリミジン化合物、イミダゾリン化合物)が挙げられる。具体的には、電導度が高く、インピーダンス性能に優れた1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5,4,0]ウンデセン−7,1,5−ジアザビシクロ[4,3,0]ノネン−5,1,2−ジメチルイミダゾリニウム、1,2,4−トリメチルイミダゾリン、1−メチル−2−エチル−イミダゾリン、1,4−ジメチル−2−エチルイミダゾリン、1−メチル−2−ヘプチルイミダゾリン、1−メチル−2−(3’ヘプチル)イミダゾリン、1−メチル−2−ドデシルイミダゾリン、1,2−ジメチル−1,4,5,6−テトラヒドロピリミジン、1−メチルイミダゾール、1−メチルベンゾイミダゾールが好ましい。   Examples of the phthalic acid amidine salt used in the electrolytic solution of the present invention are preferably a compound having an alkyl-substituted amidine group or a quaternary salt of a compound having an alkyl-substituted amidine group. The compound having an alkyl-substituted amidine group is an imidazole compound. , Benzimidazole compounds, alicyclic amidine compounds (pyrimidine compounds, imidazoline compounds). Specifically, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5,4,0] undecene-7,1,5-diazabicyclo [4,3,0] nonene-5,1,2 having high conductivity and excellent impedance performance -Dimethylimidazolinium, 1,2,4-trimethylimidazoline, 1-methyl-2-ethyl-imidazoline, 1,4-dimethyl-2-ethylimidazoline, 1-methyl-2-heptyluimidazoline, 1-methyl-2 -(3'heptyl) imidazoline, 1-methyl-2-dodecylimidazoline, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, 1-methylimidazole and 1-methylbenzimidazole are preferred.

また、アルキル置換アミジン基を有する化合物の四級塩としては、炭素数1〜11のアルキル基またはアリールアルキル基で四級化されたイミダゾール化合物、ベンゾイミダゾール化合物、脂環式アミジン化合物(ピリミジン化合物、イミダゾリン化合物)が挙げられる。具体的には1−メチル−1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5,4,0]ウンデセン−7、1−メチル−1,5−ジアザビシクロ[4,3,0]ノネン−5,1,2,3−トリメチルイミダゾリニウム、1,2,3,4−テトラメチルイミダゾリニウム、1,2−ジメチル−3−エチル−イミダゾリニウム、1,3,4−トリメチル−2−エチルイミダゾリニウム、1,3−ジメチル−2−ヘプチルイミダゾリニウム、1,3−ジメチル−2−(3’ヘプチル)イミダゾリニウム、1,3−ジメチル−2−ドデシルイミダゾリニウム、1,2,3−トリメチル−1,4,5,6−テトラヒドロピリミジウム、1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリウム、1−メチル−3−エチルイミダゾリウム、1,3−ジメチルベンゾイミダゾリウムが好ましく、電導度の高い、インピーダンス性能の優れた電解コンデンサを提供することができる。   In addition, as a quaternary salt of a compound having an alkyl-substituted amidine group, an imidazole compound, a benzimidazole compound, an alicyclic amidine compound (pyrimidine compound, quaternized with an alkyl group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms or an arylalkyl group, Imidazoline compounds). Specifically, 1-methyl-1,8-diazabicyclo [5,4,0] undecene-7, 1-methyl-1,5-diazabicyclo [4,3,0] nonene-5,1,2,3- Trimethylimidazolinium, 1,2,3,4-tetramethylimidazolinium, 1,2-dimethyl-3-ethyl-imidazolinium, 1,3,4-trimethyl-2-ethylimidazolinium, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-heptylimidazolinium, 1,3-dimethyl-2- (3′heptyl) imidazolinium, 1,3-dimethyl-2-dodecylimidazolinium, 1,2,3-trimethyl-1 , 4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium, 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolium are preferred, and high conductivity , It is possible to provide an excellent electrolytic capacitor impedance performance.

本発明の電解液において使用する糖アルコールの例としては、テトリット(エリトリット、トレイット)、ペンチット(アラビット、アドニット、キシリット)、ヘキシット(ソルビット、マンニット、イジット、ズルシット、アリット、タリット)等を挙げることができる。ヘキシットを使用するのが好ましい。   Examples of sugar alcohols used in the electrolytic solution of the present invention include tetrit (erythritol, trait), pentit (arabit, adnit, xylit), hexit (sorbite, mannit, exit, sulcit, alit, tarit) and the like. Can do. It is preferred to use hexit.

本発明の電解コンデンサ用電解液における溶媒は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒である。   The solvent in the electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors of the present invention is a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane.

以下に示す表1は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとフタル酸テトラメチルイミダゾリニウム塩とを質量比で90:10:10の割合で混合した混合液に、ホウ酸とマンニットとの質量比を変化させて溶解させた電解液における、ホウ酸とマンニットとの最大溶解率(ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量の電解液全体に対する質量%)を示している。   Table 1 shown below shows the mass ratio of boric acid and mannitol to a mixed solution in which γ-butyrolactone, sulfolane, and tetramethylimidazolinium phthalate are mixed at a mass ratio of 90:10:10. The maximum dissolution rate of boric acid and mannitol (mass% of the total amount of boric acid and mannitol with respect to the entire electrolytic solution) in the electrolytic solution dissolved by changing is shown.

表1より明らかなように、ホウ酸とマンニットとを質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.3の範囲で併用すると、上記電解液に最大15質量%まで溶解する。ホウ酸とマンニットとが質量比で1:1.4〜1:1.8の範囲でも、上記電解液に最大13質量%まで溶解する。しかしながら、ホウ酸に対するマンニットの割合が質量比で1以下、或いは2以上の範囲では、上記電解液に溶解しなかった。したがって、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとを特定の割合(ホウ酸と糖アルコールが質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8)にすることにより、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒に対し、エチレングリコールを使用することなしに、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとを高濃度で溶解させることができることがわかる。   As is clear from Table 1, when boric acid and mannitol are used in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.3, the maximum amount is 15% by mass in the electrolyte solution. Even when boric acid and mannitol are in the range of 1: 1.4 to 1: 1.8 in terms of mass ratio, they dissolve in the electrolytic solution up to 13 mass%. However, when the ratio of mannitol to boric acid was 1 or less or 2 or more in terms of mass ratio, it did not dissolve in the electrolytic solution. Therefore, by making boric acid and sugar alcohol into a specific ratio (boric acid and sugar alcohol in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8), a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane is used. It can be seen that boric acid and sugar alcohol can be dissolved at a high concentration without using ethylene glycol.

本発明の電解液において、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの割合は、質量比で80:20〜95:5の範囲である。スルホランが上述の範囲より多いと、低温での比抵抗値が上昇し、高温放置後の比抵抗の増加が著しくなる。また、γ−ブチロラクトンが上述の範囲より多いと、初期における低温での比抵抗値には問題がないものの、高温放置後に火花電圧が低下し、比抵抗の増加も著しくなる。   In the electrolytic solution of the present invention, the ratio of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane is in the range of 80:20 to 95: 5 by mass ratio. When the amount of sulfolane is larger than the above range, the specific resistance value at low temperature increases, and the specific resistance after standing at high temperature becomes remarkable. On the other hand, when the amount of γ-butyrolactone is larger than the above range, there is no problem in the specific resistance value at low temperature in the initial stage, but the spark voltage is lowered after standing at high temperature, and the specific resistance is remarkably increased.

そして、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとを質量比で80:20〜95:5の範囲で混合した混合溶媒に、フタル酸アミジン塩と共にホウ酸と糖アルコールとを質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲で溶解させ、且つホウ酸と糖アルコールとの合計量を電解液全体の9〜15質量%の範囲にすると、火花電圧が高く、−40℃においても低い比抵抗値を示し、125℃での放置試験において安定した火花電圧と比抵抗値を示す電解液が得られる。   Then, boric acid and sugar alcohol together with phthalic acid amidine salt are mixed in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1 in a mixed solvent in which γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane are mixed in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 95: 5. : When dissolved in the range of 1.8 and the total amount of boric acid and sugar alcohol is in the range of 9 to 15% by mass of the total electrolyte, the spark voltage is high and the specific resistance value is low even at −40 ° C. An electrolytic solution showing a stable spark voltage and a specific resistance value in a standing test at 125 ° C. is obtained.

これに対し、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとの合計量が電解液全体の9質量%を下回ると、電解液の火花電圧が急激に低下する。   On the other hand, when the total amount of boric acid and sugar alcohol is less than 9% by mass of the entire electrolytic solution, the spark voltage of the electrolytic solution rapidly decreases.

本発明のγ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒にフタル酸アミジン塩、ホウ酸、及び糖アルコールを必須成分として溶解させた電解コンデンサ用電解液において、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、フタル酸アミジン塩、ホウ酸、及び糖アルコール以外の溶質を使用することができる。使用可能な溶質としては、リン酸、ケイ酸、炭酸等の無機酸電解質、耐電圧を向上させるためのノニオン界面活性剤、コロイダルシリカ、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン、電解コンデンサ内部で発生しうる水素を吸収するためのp−ニトロフェノール、p−ニトロ安息香酸などのニトロ化合物、電極箔の水和劣化を防止するためのメチルリン酸エステル、エチルリン酸エステル等のリン酸エステル化合物などが挙げられる。   In an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor in which a phthalic acid amidine salt, boric acid, and a sugar alcohol are dissolved as essential components in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane of the present invention, phthalic acid is used within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. Solutes other than amidine salts, boric acid, and sugar alcohols can be used. Solvents that can be used include inorganic acid electrolytes such as phosphoric acid, silicic acid, and carbonic acid, nonionic surfactants for improving withstand voltage, colloidal silica, polyoxyethylene glycerin, and hydrogen that can be generated inside electrolytic capacitors. Examples thereof include nitro compounds such as p-nitrophenol and p-nitrobenzoic acid, and phosphate compounds such as methyl phosphate and ethyl phosphate for preventing hydration deterioration of the electrode foil.

以下に実施例を用いて本発明を説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されない。   The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

1:電解液の調製
以下の表2に示されている、組成の異なる電解液を調製した。実施例1〜8は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランが質量比で80:20〜95:5の範囲であり、ホウ酸とマンニットが質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であり、且つ、ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量が電解液全体の9〜15質量%である電解液の例である。比較例1は、ホウ酸とマンニットが質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であり、且つ、ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量が電解液全体の9〜15質量%であるものの、スルホランに対するγ−ブチロラクトンの質量比が80/20より少ない電解液の例であり、比較例2は、ホウ酸とマンニットが質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であり、且つ、ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量が電解液全体の9〜15質量%であるものの、スルホランに対するγ−ブチロラクトンの質量比が95/5より多い(スルホランを含有しない)電解液の例である。また、比較例3は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランが質量比で80:20〜95:5の範囲であり、ホウ酸とマンニットが質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であるものの、ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量が電解液全体の9質量%より少ない電解液の例である。また、従来例1は、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒にフタル酸アミジン塩を溶解させたがホウ酸とマンニットとを溶解させない電解液の例であり、従来例2は、スルホランの代わりにエチレングリコールを使用した電解液の例である。
1: Preparation of Electrolytic Solution Electrolytic solutions having different compositions shown in Table 2 below were prepared. In Examples 1 to 8, γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane are in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 95: 5, and boric acid and mannitol are in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8. And an example of an electrolytic solution in which the total amount of boric acid and mannitol is 9 to 15% by mass of the entire electrolytic solution. In Comparative Example 1, boric acid and mannitol are in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8, and the total amount of boric acid and mannitol is 9 to 15 mass of the entire electrolyte. %, But is an example of an electrolytic solution in which the mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone to sulfolane is less than 80/20. In Comparative Example 2, boric acid and mannitol are in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1. Although the total amount of boric acid and mannitol is in the range of 8 to 9 to 15% by mass of the entire electrolyte, the mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone to sulfolane is greater than 95/5 (does not contain sulfolane) ) An example of an electrolytic solution. In Comparative Example 3, γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane are in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 95: 5, and boric acid and mannitol are in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8. However, this is an example of an electrolytic solution in which the total amount of boric acid and mannitol is less than 9% by mass of the entire electrolytic solution. Conventional Example 1 is an example of an electrolytic solution in which phthalic acid amidine salt is dissolved in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane but boric acid and mannitol are not dissolved. Conventional Example 2 is an alternative to sulfolane. This is an example of an electrolytic solution using ethylene glycol.

2:電解液の特性評価
得られた各電解液について、30℃と125℃において火花電圧を測定し、30℃と−40℃において比抵抗値を測定した。次いで、各電解液をガラスアンプル内に封入し、125℃で500時間放置した。放置後の各電解液について、再び、30℃と125℃における火花電圧と、30℃と−40℃における比抵抗値を測定した。測定結果を表3に示す。
2: Characteristic evaluation of electrolyte solution About each obtained electrolyte solution, the spark voltage was measured in 30 degreeC and 125 degreeC, and the specific resistance value was measured in 30 degreeC and -40 degreeC. Next, each electrolytic solution was sealed in a glass ampoule and allowed to stand at 125 ° C. for 500 hours. With respect to each electrolytic solution after being left, the spark voltage at 30 ° C. and 125 ° C. and the specific resistance value at 30 ° C. and −40 ° C. were measured again. Table 3 shows the measurement results.

初期特性において、実施例1〜8及び比較例1、2は、125℃においても160V以上の火花電圧を示した。実施例1〜8の電解液の比抵抗値は従来例1、2の電解液の比抵抗値に比較してわずかに上昇したが、−40℃においても十分に低い値を示した。これに対し、ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量が電解液全体の9質量%より少ない比較例3及び従来例1の電解液の125℃における火花電圧は160Vより低かった。特に、従来例1の電解液の火花電圧は著しく低かった。したがって、比較例3及び従来例1の電解液は80WV級以上の動作を保証する電解コンデンサのための電解液としては不都合であった。また、スルホランに対するγ−ブチロラクトンの質量比が80/20より少ない比較例1の電解液の比抵抗値、特に−40℃における比抵抗値は、実施例1〜8の電解液の比抵抗値に比較して上昇していた。   In the initial characteristics, Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 showed a spark voltage of 160 V or higher even at 125 ° C. Although the specific resistance value of the electrolyte solutions of Examples 1 to 8 slightly increased as compared with the specific resistance values of the electrolyte solutions of Conventional Examples 1 and 2, it showed a sufficiently low value even at -40 ° C. On the other hand, the spark voltage at 125 ° C. of the electrolytic solutions of Comparative Example 3 and Conventional Example 1 in which the total amount of boric acid and mannitol was less than 9% by mass of the total electrolytic solution was lower than 160V. In particular, the spark voltage of the electrolyte solution of Conventional Example 1 was extremely low. Therefore, the electrolytic solutions of Comparative Example 3 and Conventional Example 1 are inconvenient as electrolytic solutions for electrolytic capacitors that guarantee operation of 80 WV class or higher. In addition, the specific resistance value of the electrolytic solution of Comparative Example 1 in which the mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone to sulfolane is less than 80/20, particularly the specific resistance value at −40 ° C. is the specific resistance value of the electrolytic solutions of Examples 1-8. It was rising compared.

125℃、500時間放置後には、スルホランに対するγ−ブチロラクトンの質量比が95/5より多い(スルホランを含有しない)比較例2の電解液において、火花電圧が125℃で160V以下に低下し、比較例1、2及び従来例2において、比抵抗値、特に−40℃における比抵抗値が大幅に上昇した。   After standing at 125 ° C. for 500 hours, in the electrolytic solution of Comparative Example 2 in which the mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone to sulfolane is greater than 95/5 (containing no sulfolane), the spark voltage decreases to 160 V or less at 125 ° C. In Examples 1 and 2 and Conventional Example 2, the specific resistance value, particularly the specific resistance value at −40 ° C. increased significantly.

以上の結果より、実施例1〜8で示される、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランが質量比で80:20〜95:5の範囲であり、ホウ酸とマンニットが質量比で1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であり、且つ、ホウ酸とマンニットとの合計量が電解液全体の9〜15質量%である本発明の電解液は、火花電圧が160Vより高く、したがってこの電解液を使用した電解コンデンサの125℃使用下における80WV級以上での動作保証を可能にし、比抵抗値、特に−40℃における比抵抗値が低く、したがってこの電解液を使用した電解コンデンサの低温領域での低インピーダンス性を保証し、その上高温放置後も安定な特性を示し、高い火花電圧と低い比抵抗値を維持することが分かる。   From the above results, γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane shown in Examples 1 to 8 are in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 95: 5, and boric acid and mannitol are in a mass ratio of 1: 1.1 to The electrolyte solution of the present invention having a range of 1: 1.8 and the total amount of boric acid and mannitol being 9 to 15% by mass of the entire electrolyte solution has a spark voltage higher than 160 V, and thus this electrolytic The operation of an electrolytic capacitor using a liquid can be guaranteed at 80 WV class or higher when used at 125 ° C., and the specific resistance value, particularly the specific resistance value at −40 ° C. is low. Therefore, the low temperature region of an electrolytic capacitor using this electrolytic solution It can be seen that the low impedance characteristic is ensured, and stable characteristics are exhibited even after being left at a high temperature, and a high spark voltage and a low specific resistance value are maintained.

本発明の電解コンデンサ用電解液は、125℃の使用条件下における火花電圧が高く、比抵抗値、特に−40℃における比抵抗値が低く、125℃高温放置後もその高い火花電圧と低い比抵抗値を維持できる。したがって、本発明の電解コンデンサ用電解液は、自動車のエンジンの燃料噴出装置の制御回路用の電解コンデンサなどのための電解液として極めて好適である。   The electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor of the present invention has a high spark voltage under the use condition of 125 ° C., a specific resistance value, particularly a low specific resistance value at −40 ° C., and a high spark voltage and a low ratio even after leaving at a high temperature of 125 ° C. The resistance value can be maintained. Therefore, the electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor of the present invention is extremely suitable as an electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor for a control circuit of a fuel injection device for an automobile engine.

Claims (1)

γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの混合溶媒に、フタル酸アミジン塩、ホウ酸、及び糖アルコールを必須成分として溶解させた電解コンデンサ用電解液であって、γ−ブチロラクトンとスルホランとの質量比が80:20〜95:5の範囲であり、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとの質量比が1:1.1〜1:1.8の範囲であり、且つ、ホウ酸と糖アルコールとの合計量が電解液全体の9〜15質量%であることを特徴とする電解コンデンサ用電解液。   An electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor in which a phthalic acid amidine salt, boric acid, and a sugar alcohol are dissolved as essential components in a mixed solvent of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane, and the mass ratio of γ-butyrolactone and sulfolane is 80: 20 to 95: 5, the mass ratio of boric acid to sugar alcohol is in the range of 1: 1.1 to 1: 1.8, and the total amount of boric acid and sugar alcohol is the electrolyte. An electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitors, characterized in that the total amount is 9 to 15% by mass.
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CN104538183A (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-22 南通瑞达电子材料有限公司 Electrolyte for medium and high voltage of electrolytic capacitor and preparation method of electrolyte
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