JP2011200936A - Method of shearing thick steel plate and shearing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of preventing the shear crack of a thick steel plate and a shearing machine.SOLUTION: After shearing the thick steel plate 1 into a desired size with the shearing machine and, furthermore, a portion longer than a strain remaining part (equivalent to the clearance between the upper blade 2 and the lower blade 3 of the shearing machine) in the case of shearing is cut and removed from the end after shearing by using the other shearing machine. The shearing is performed by using a shearing machine with the upper blade 2 of which is constituted into two steps having a notched part 21 between the steps in the shearing direction and the side 23 of the upper step of the upper blade 2 and the notched part 21 are provided so as to cut further by at least the length equal to the clearance between the lower blade 3 and the side 22 of the lower step of the upper blade 2, or optionally performed by a plurality of shearing machines arranged in the conveying direction of the thick steel plate as the shearing machine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a thick steel plate shearing method and a shearing machine, and particularly suitable for preventing shear cracking due to residual hydrogen in steel generated when shearing a thick steel plate for high-strength line pipes that is cooled by a water cooling device provided on a conveying line. About things.

  Thick steel plates for line pipes are an important product that plays a part in profits in the field of thick plates. They are characterized by mass production and are becoming stronger every year. In mass production, establishment of technology aimed at stable production of X70 to X100 grades in the future is required.

  One of the problems in the mass production process of high-strength line pipe materials is cross-sectional cracks that occur during online shearing. Cross-sectional cracks are more likely to occur with higher strength materials, and horizontal cracks and oblique cracks starting from the vicinity of the segregation part with a plate thickness of ½ part (center part) occur in the cross-section after shearing. In particular, when a deep crack of about 2 to 3 mm is generated at the time of shearing, the crack is enlarged at the time of pipe making and becomes a serious defect, and therefore sufficient consideration is required for its suppression.

  It is conventionally known that the steel sheet slow cooling process before shearing is effective as a method for preventing this shear cracking, and it is assumed that the shear cracking is caused by hydrogen embrittlement cracking caused by hydrogen in the steel sheet. .

  Especially in recent years, the manufacturing method using HCR and TMCP has been the mainstream in recent years, and hydrogen in steel tends to be cooled without being sufficiently removed and transported to a shear line in a hydrogen supersaturated state. The environment is prone to cracking.

  As a technique for suppressing hydrogen cracking by slow cooling of a steel plate, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a steel plate stacking method for performing efficient slow cooling, particularly at the end of a steel plate, and Patent Document 2 discloses the inside of a slow cooling box. A method of improving the cooling efficiency by reducing the pressure after placing the steel plate on is disclosed.

In Patent Document 3, a crack critical hydrogen concentration C _th is obtained based on a yield stress (YS) prediction value of a steel sheet, and an optimum annealing time is calculated from a residual hydrogen rate by slab annealing and product annealing. Is disclosed.
The above-described method of gradually cooling a steel sheet to remove hydrogen is also implemented in an actual steel sheet manufacturing process as a method for suppressing hydrogen cracking, and is considered effective for suppressing hydrogen cracking after shearing.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-203212 JP 2001-303127 A JP-A-10-251746

  However, the method of performing slow cooling of steel sheets described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 requires an off-line process in which the steel sheets on the cooling floor are lifted by a crane and stacked in a slow cooling place, and a long processing time is required. There are also concerns about the occurrence of surface flaws.

  Furthermore, in general, the stacked slow cooling does not always provide a sufficient slow cooling effect because the slow cooling temperature and the slow cooling time vary depending on the plate thickness and the cooling end temperature.

  In addition, the method described in Patent Document 3 considers only the effect of slow cooling, and the effect of accelerated cooling of the steel sheet and the amount of hydrogen in the steel sheet at a specific temperature, for example, the temperature during shearing (100 to 200 ° C.). It does not specify how to predict.

  For example, α defined by the slab residual hydrogen value (ppm) immediately before insertion of the heating furnace / slab residual hydrogen value (ppm) immediately after casting, the product residual hydrogen value (ppm) immediately before shipment from the factory / immediately before insertion of the heating furnace The residual hydrogen rate specified by β defined by the slab residual hydrogen value (ppm) is not given in the form of an accurate evaluation of the actual hydrogen diffusion phenomenon. It cannot be used as a method of evaluating

  Thus, in order to prevent the occurrence of hydrogen cracking after shearing, the method of slowly cooling the steel sheet to remove hydrogen is unstable for the actual operation, and for line pipes where higher strength is expected. It is hard to say that this technology can be applied to thick steel plates.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the method and apparatus which prevent the shear crack resulting from the hydrogen in steel of the thick steel plate for X70-X100 grade high strength line pipes without performing slow cooling of a thick steel plate.

  The present inventors have noted that hydrogen cracking is a result of the superimposing action of tensile stress that acts to open the cracks in the steel and without performing slow cooling to reduce the amount of hydrogen in the steel. A method for preventing hydrogen cracking by reducing the tensile residual stress on the shear plane was investigated.

  First, in the case of a thick steel plate slab, the hydrogen concentration distribution inside the slab is assumed to be a distribution as shown in FIG. The hydrogen concentration distribution is the highest in the central part (x = 0) of the thick steel plate, and is a diffusion-controlled distribution in which the front and back surfaces are almost zero. It is considered that the shape (hydrogen concentration Max at the center of the plate thickness) is maintained.

  On the other hand, when shearing a thick steel plate having such a hydrogen concentration distribution, a very large tensile residual stress is generated in the thickness direction on the shear surface. Hydrogen cracking easily occurs even with a very small amount of hydrogen.

According to the present inventors, from the shear surface strain distribution by FEM analysis, the region to which strong working is applied during shearing is the region where the clearance d between the upper and lower blades during shearing (usually around 10% of the plate thickness). The present inventors have found that the strain remaining in this region causes the generation of residual stress that promotes hydrogen cracking. The present invention was made by further study based on the obtained knowledge, that is, the present invention is
1 A method for shearing a thick steel plate, comprising: shearing a thick steel plate cooled with water after hot rolling with a shearing machine, and further shearing the end portion after shearing with another shearing machine.

  2. The method for shearing a thick steel plate according to 1, wherein a shear amount or more of the clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade of the shearing machine is sheared and removed from the end portion after shearing by the other shearing machine.

  3. The method for shearing a thick steel plate according to 1, wherein a strain remaining portion at the time of shearing of the shearing machine is sheared and removed from the end part after shearing by another shearing machine.

  4 Two shearers are arrange | positioned on the said conveyance line in the downstream of the water-cooling apparatus arrange | positioned on the thick steel plate conveyance line, It is any one of 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Thick steel plate shearing method.

  5 When shearing a steel plate that has been water-cooled after hot rolling with a shearing machine, the upper blade of the shearing machine is configured in two stages having notches in the shearing direction, and the upper stage side of the upper blade and the notch The section is provided so that an end portion after shearing the thick steel plate can be further cut at a clearance amount between at least the lower blade and the lower side of the upper blade.

  6 A shearing machine that shears a steel plate that has been water-cooled after hot rolling, wherein the upper blade of the shearing machine is configured in two stages having a notch therebetween in the shearing direction, and the upper stage side of the upper blade and the The notch part is provided so that the edge part after shearing a thick steel plate may be further cut | disconnected by the clearance amount of a lower blade and the lower stage side of the said upper blade further.

  According to the present invention, since slow cooling for removing hydrogen from the thick steel plate is not required before the shearing operation, after the cooling by the water cooling device provided on the thick steel plate conveying line, it is continuously sheared and produced online. It is possible to manufacture a large number of thick steel plates with good performance, which is extremely useful in industry.

The figure which shows one Example of this invention. The figure which shows the other Example of this invention. The figure which shows the residual stress of what cut | disconnected and removed the same amount as the clearance of the upper blade and the lower blade at the time of shearing after shearing. The figure which shows the hydrogen-cracking test result of what cut | disconnected and removed the clearance amount of the upper blade and lower blade at the time of a shearing after shearing with shearing. The figure which shows the distribution state of the amount of hydrogen in steel in the plate | board thickness direction of a thick steel plate. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the shearing direction after shearing, in which (a) remains sheared and (b) shows a state in which the strain remaining portion at the time of shearing is removed after shearing. The schematic diagram which shows the imaging | photography method of the cross section orthogonal to the shear direction of FIG.

  The present invention is characterized by reducing the residual stress that promotes the opening of cracks due to hydrogen at the shear plane.

  In the present invention, after the thick steel plate is sheared by a shearing machine, the end portion after the shearing is at least a region where strain at the time of shearing remains, the clearance d between the upper blade and the lower blade during shearing (normally around 10% of the plate thickness) ) Cut so as to remove the inner region from the shear surface. The target thick steel plate here has a thickness of about 6 mm to 40 mm, although it depends on its strength and equipment specifications.

According to the shear plane strain distribution obtained by FEM analysis, the region is a region to which strong processing is applied during shearing, and the strain remaining in this region is estimated to be a cause of residual stress generation that promotes hydrogen cracking.
Since the present invention can be cut by a shearing machine or by cutting with an edge mirror, the cutting according to the present invention includes cutting.

  FIG. 6 is a photograph of a cross section taken from the side after shearing and cutting the end after shearing when a laboratory shearing experiment was performed using a test piece taken from an actual high-strength line pipe material. (The photographing position is shown in FIG. 7. The horizontal stripe pattern in the photograph shows a saw cut mark before shearing).

  The shear test consists of a 13.4 mm (plate thickness) x 100 mm (width) x 320 mm (long) rectangular test piece of material X100, which is water-cooled after hot rolling, and an experimental shear (upper and lower blades during shearing). The clearance d = 1.5 mm) was used, and after shearing, the end including the sheared surface was further cut and removed by the same amount as the clearance: 1.5 mm using the experimental shearing machine.

  (A) shows the state of shearing, and (b) shows a state in which the strain remaining portion at the time of shearing is removed after shearing, and the strain state of the cross section can be visually confirmed from the distortion of the saw cutting trace near the shearing surface.

  As shown in FIG. 6, while the sheared specimen remains strained in the vicinity of the sheared surface (FIG. 6A), after shearing, the same amount as the clearance: 1.5 mm is cut and removed. The original strain portion of the test piece was completely removed (FIG. 6B).

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a test piece that has been sheared (denoted as a normal blade in the figure) and a test piece that has been sheared and removed from the end by 1.5 mm, which is the same amount as the clearance between the upper and lower blades during shearing. The result of X-ray residual stress measurement at the center position and the residual stress measurement value divided into isotropic tensile stress and equivalent stress are shown.

The test piece obtained by cutting and removing the same amount as the clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade at the time of shearing is smaller in both the equivalent stress σ _eq and the isotropic tensile stress σ _s than the unsheared test piece. In particular, it is considered that a significant reduction in the isotropic tensile stress σ _s effectively acts to suppress the occurrence of cracks.

  FIG. 4 shows the results of the hydrogen cracking test in the case of the shearing state and in the case where the clearance amount between the upper blade and the lower blade during shearing is cut and removed from the end portion after shearing.

The test was performed using a test piece according to the above-described residual stress measurement test. First, a strip-shaped sample (13.4 mm × 100 mm × 30 mm) was cut out with the sheared cross-sectional portion and the cross-sectional portion cut after the shearing and the end portion after shearing remaining, and the cross-section of the obtained strip-shaped sample other than parts as hydrogen cracking test specimens with surface polishing, performed cathode hydrogen charging (-1.0 V _[VS SCE]) in 0.2N-H ₂ SO _4, was observed the presence of hydrogen cracking after charging. The amount of charged hydrogen was measured using a glycerol substitution method.

  From the figure, cracking is observed in a short charge time of about 2 hours when shearing, and hydrogen cracking is likely to occur even with a small amount of hydrogen. On the other hand, after shearing, the clearance between the upper and lower blades during shearing is reduced. In the case of cutting and removing, cracks did not occur even after long-time (72 h) charging, and the effect of suppressing hydrogen cracking after shearing was confirmed.

  A specific embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. FIG. 1 shows a method of cutting a shear plane assuming a shearing machine in an actual machine. In the figure, 1 is a thick steel plate, 2 is an upper shearing blade, 3 is a lower shearing blade, and 4 is a steel plate constituting a part of the shearing machine. Indicates a holding stand.

After sheared first stroke the steel plate 1 a clearance of the upper and lower blades at the time of shearing the upper shear blade 2 and the lower shearing blades 3 as d1 (FIG. 1 (a)), the cutting amount d _2, shear Correct the position of the thick steel plate so that the clearance d1 between the upper and lower blades is greater than or equal to ₁ (FIG. 1 (b)), and cut with the upper shearing blade 2 as the second stroke (FIG. 1 (c)). .

Moreover, _'because the better to reduce as much as possible is, tensile residual stress is reduced to be introduced to the new shear plane, d _1' clearance d ₁ of the upper blade and the lower blade during cutting in two-stroke th cut Adjust the position of the cutting blade to make it smaller.
In the implementation of the present invention, two units, a shearing machine that shears a thick steel plate to a desired size and a shearing machine that cuts the end after shearing, may be arranged.

  FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which 21 denotes a notch, 22 denotes a first-stage blade, and 23 denotes a second-stage blade (the other symbols are the same as those in FIG. 1). The shearing machine has an upper blade (stepped shearing blade) 2 having two stages in the shearing direction and having a notch portion 21 therebetween, and after shearing with the first stage blade 22, the second stage Further, the edge portion is cut by an amount equal to the clearance d1 between the upper blade 2 and the lower blade 3 during shearing.

  When the shearing machine having the above-described configuration is used, after the first shearing, the position of the thick steel plate is adjusted (when there is one shearing machine) or the thick steel plate is conveyed (when there are two shearing machines). Is preferable, and productivity is further improved.

  The present invention can be practiced by a method of cutting a shear plane by a predetermined amount using an edge mirror or the like other than the method described above with reference to FIGS. In addition, after shearing, when a predetermined amount is cut and removed using a shearing blade, the main shear deformation region shifts to the shavings side and the deformation on the material side is small, resulting in residual stress that promotes the occurrence of hydrogen cracking. Does not occur.

  In the practice of the present invention, it is desirable to arrange a shearing machine together with a cooling device and a heating device on a thick steel plate conveyance line, and to perform shearing and subsequent cutting with the shearing machine, thereby improving productivity. These arrangements are appropriately selected according to the desired material.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thick steel plate 2 Upper shear blade 3 Lower shear blade 4 Steel plate holder 21 Notch 22 First stage blade 23 Second stage blade

Claims (6)

  A method for shearing a thick steel plate, comprising: shearing a thick steel plate that has been water-cooled after hot rolling with a shearing machine, and further shearing the end portion after shearing with another shearing machine.   2. The method for shearing a thick steel plate according to claim 1, wherein a shear amount or more of the clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade of the shearing machine is sheared and removed from the end portion after shearing by the other shearing machine.   2. The method for shearing a thick steel plate according to claim 1, wherein a strain remaining portion at the time of shearing of the shearing machine is sheared and removed from the end part after shearing by another shearing machine.   The two shearing machines are arranged on the conveyance line on the downstream side of the water cooling apparatus arranged on the thick steel plate conveyance line. Shearing method for thick steel plates.   When shearing a steel plate that has been water-cooled after hot rolling with a shearing machine, the upper blade of the shearing machine is configured in two stages having a notch therebetween in the shearing direction, the upper stage side of the upper blade and the notch Is a shearing method for a thick steel plate, characterized in that it is provided so that the end portion after shearing the thick steel plate can be further cut at least by a clearance amount between the lower blade and the lower stage of the upper blade.   A shearing machine that shears water-cooled thick steel plate after hot rolling, wherein the upper blade of the shearing machine is composed of two stages having notches in the shearing direction, and the upper stage side of the upper blade and the notch The section is provided so that an end portion after shearing the thick steel plate can be further cut by a clearance amount between at least the lower blade and the lower stage of the upper blade.