JPH091419A - Shearing cutter, and shearing work method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prolong the life of an unrotating type shearing cutter such as a shearing cutter. CONSTITUTION: A protruding portion 3, formed higher than an outer surface 4 and a groove 5, provided on the root of the protruding portion 3, are provided on one end of the outer surface 4 of a cutter 1. The groove 5 has a triangular cross section shape wherein groove width is gradually reduced to the groove bottom. The ratio between a distance (a), from the outer surface 4 to the tip of the protruding portion 3, and a distance (b), from the bottom of the groove 5 to the tip of the protruding portion 3, is 0.1<=a/b<=0.5. The distance (b) is 0.5-2.5 times the plate thickness of a shearing material. Consequently, by the action of the groove 5, load concentration to the protruding part 3 can be avoided to prevent the occurrence of burrs and sags and the broken blade of a cutter to prolong the life of a tool than before.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plate material, in particular a metal plate such as a steel plate or an aluminum plate, which is sheared
Suitable for punching and shearing using punches and dies,
The present invention relates to a shearing blade, a shearing blade such as a shearing blade, a punch blade, and a die blade, which are non-rotating, and a shearing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, a plate material is cut into a large-sized strip into a size and shape suitable for handling and processing, and then subjected to various kinds of processing or necessary cutting in the middle of a processing process. It is often used after being used. For example, a steel plate wound in a coil or a metal plate such as aluminum is
First, it is sheared to a predetermined length, or is further sheared into a blank sheet suitable for processing. Usually, shearing is carried out using a shearing machine provided with a pair of shearing shear blades on the upper and lower sides. Further, in the processing of automobile parts, electric parts and the like, punching using a punch and punching shearing such as blanking and trimming are frequently used using punches and dies.

During these shearing processes, a burr h is generated at the cut portion of the metal plate as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. If the burr h is large and the tip of the burr protrudes from the surface of the metal plate, the shearing member may not be properly fed, scratches may occur on the surface of the metal plate or its coated surface, and minute metal pieces may fall from the burr portion during press work. Cause the occurrence of defects. Also,
There are also adverse effects such as a defective combination of the processed members, a poor coating during coating, and a decrease in corrosion resistance.

Therefore, it is required to reduce the burr as compared with the conventional case. The burr can be reduced by reducing the clearance of the blade, but in this case, the clearance must be changed according to the plate thickness of the shearing member, and the life of the blade is short because a large shearing load is applied to the blade. However, this is not always an effective measure.

Therefore, many proposals have heretofore been made to reduce the burr of the sheared portion. For example, a technique for reducing the burr by improving the shape of the cutting edge portion of a shearing blade is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-255009 (hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art 1"). Prior art 1 is to shear a plate material by using upper and lower shearing blades having a shape in which only a cutting blade portion is formed high as shown in FIGS. 13 (1) to 13 (4). The plate material is pressed by the plate retainer into the cutting edge of the lower shearing blade of which only the cutting edge portion is formed high to form a groove, and then the upper shearing blade is lowered to shear the plate material. According to the prior art 1, the burr can be reduced by causing the shearing process from the groove.

Further, a technique for performing accurate shearing is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-44426 (hereinafter referred to as "Prior Art 2"). Prior art 2 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, a sharp blade is formed by forming a concave portion reaching a blade portion while leaving a flat surface portion in a portion facing the plate retainer of the shearing machine, and forming a flank inclined with respect to a vertical surface. The plate material is cut by using the blade 1 in which a portion is formed and the connecting portion between the flat portion and the concave portion is formed into a curved surface. According to the prior art 2, the plate member is pressed and fixed in the vicinity of the blade portion by leaving the flat surface portion in the portion facing the plate retainer, and the sharpness is formed by forming the concave portion of the flat surface portion and the flank surface inclined to the vertical surface. The sharpness can be improved by using a sharp blade.

[0007]

The blade shown in FIGS. 13 (1) to 13 (4) described in Prior Art 1 has a height m of a protrusion.
When the ratio of (the distance from the flat surface of the blade 1 to the tip of the protrusion) and the plate thickness of the plate material to be sheared increases, the fracture surface becomes larger than the shear surface, and the sheared appearance deteriorates, and In return, who gets bigger. This tendency is especially shown in FIG.
3 (2) to (4) are noticeable. Therefore,
The plate thickness that can obtain a good shearing surface with the same blade is limited to a narrow range. Further, the cutting tool having the shape of FIG. 13 (1) has an a'part (projection 3) surrounded by a broken circle in FIG. 13 (1).
Since the shear load is concentrated on the blade, blade spillage easily occurs, and a good shearing surface cannot be obtained for a long period of time.

Further, in the prior art 2, there is no description about burr. Therefore, when the blade shown in FIG. 14 described in this publication was examined for the occurrence of burr, it was found that the burr reduction effect was small. Furthermore,
Since the blade has a sharp shape with a flank sloping with respect to the vertical surface, wear and spill of the cutting edge is likely to occur, resulting in a short tool life, and in the case of wear and spill,
It was found that the clearance between the blades increased and the appearance of the sheared part deteriorated to a large extent. Further, since the cutting blade has a complicated shape, there is a problem that it is not easy to polish the blade.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a non-rotating shear blade, a punch blade,
There is little burr in shearing blades such as die blades,
An object of the present invention is to provide a shearing blade and a shearing method applicable to a wide range of plate thicknesses and capable of achieving a long life.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to reduce the burr height of the shearing member, the present inventors have diligently studied the shape of a blade capable of exhibiting stable shearing performance even with a small clearance. It has been found that by using a blade having the above shape, excellent shearing performance can be exhibited even with a small clearance that does not depend on the plate thickness of the shearing member. Based on this finding, the present inventors previously found that
Japanese Patent Application No. 5-343551 has applied for a disk-shaped rotary blade. The invention of the present application is also made based on the above-mentioned knowledge, and is different from the above-mentioned application in that it is directed to a non-rotating blade, and its characteristic configuration is as follows.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a non-rotating shearing blade, a protrusion (3) formed at one end of the outer surface (4) of the blade (1) to be higher than the outer surface (4), and the protrusion (3). It is characterized by having a groove (5) provided at the base of the portion (3).

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the shearing blade is a shear blade, a punch blade or a die blade.

[0013] The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In the invention described above, the groove (5) provided at the base of the protrusion (3) is characterized by having a triangular cross-sectional shape in which the groove width gradually decreases toward the bottom thereof. is there.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the first, second or third aspect of the invention, from the outer surface (4) of the blade (1) to the tip of the protrusion (3) formed higher than the outer surface (4). And the distance b from the bottom of the groove (5) provided at the base of the protrusion (3) to the tip of the protrusion (3).
Is characterized in that the ratio of 0.1 ≦ a / b ≦ 0.5.

[0015] The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claims 1, 2, and 3.
Or the distance b from the bottom of the groove (5) provided at the base of the blade (1) to the tip of the protrusion (3) formed higher than the outer surface (4) is the plate thickness of the shearing material. It is characterized by being 0.5 to 2.5 times.

[0016] The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claims 1 and 2,
Arrange one set of shearing blades described in 3, 4 or 5 above and below,
The shearing method is characterized in that each of the shearing materials having different plate thicknesses is sheared with the same clearance using the shearing blade.

Next, the shearing blade of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking the shearing blade as an example.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the shearing blade of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a protrusion 3 is formed at one end of the blade 1 so as to protrude from the outer surface 4. A groove 5 is provided at the base of the protrusion 3. The groove 5 is formed in a triangular sectional shape in which the groove width gradually decreases toward the bottom.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the state of the steel plate shearing part when the steel plate is sheared with a blade, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 and 3, f is a shear surface, g is a fracture surface, h is a burr, i is an indent, and j is who.

When the blades 1 and 1 having the shape shown in FIG. 1 are arranged above and below a material to be sheared (hereinafter referred to as "plate material"), and the plate material is inserted between them, as shown in FIG. The tips of the protrusions 3 contact the upper and lower surfaces of the plate material. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the tip of the protruding portion of the blade 1 bites into the plate material, and then, as shown in FIG. 6, the d portion corresponding to the position of the outer surface 4 also contacts the plate material 2 and the blade 2 as a whole is The load comes to be received.

Then, as shown in FIG.
While pressing, the groove 5 is used to further penetrate into the plate material to form a sheared surface. A partially enlarged view of that state is shown in FIG.
Shown in Further shearing is possible by allowing the end portion of the plate material 2 to escape to the e portion in the groove 5 indicated by the broken line.
Since the end of the plate material 2 escapes to the portion, the load applied to the protrusion 3 can be released.

Next, in FIG. 8, a shear plane f is formed. Then, in FIG. 9, a fracture surface g is formed.
The burr h occurs when this fracture surface is formed, but since the groove 5 is provided, the fracture surface can be made very small. Therefore, the occurrence of the burr h is reduced, and since the load of the end portion of the plate material is applied to the d portion shown in FIG. There is no protrusion.

Further, due to the action of the groove 5, the concentration of the load on the protrusion 3 is avoided, and the life of the blade is extended, and at the same time,
Since the height of the protruding portion 3 can be set higher than that of the conventional blade, it is possible to have more sheared surfaces, so that a beautiful end face appearance can be obtained.

Since the groove 5 can receive a shearing load in a large area, the clearance between the upper and lower blades is zero.
Shear is possible even with (zero). Therefore, shearing can be performed without changing the clearance between the blades depending on the plate thickness of the shearing member. Clearance is 0 (zero)
, J can be made very small. Although the sagging portion is discolored in appearance, since this portion is small, not only the surface of the member after shearing becomes beautiful, but also the shearing dimension accuracy of the member can be improved.

It is desirable that the groove 5 has a triangular cross-section whose width gradually decreases toward the bottom. Since there is no sudden change in the load applied to the protrusion of the blade, the blade is less likely to be hooked.

The ratio a / b of the distance a from the outer surface 4 of the blade 1 to the tip of the protrusion 3 and the distance b from the bottom of the groove 5 of the blade 1 to the tip of the protrusion 3 is 0.1 ≦. The range of a / b ≦ 0.5 is preferable. Moreover, b is 0.5 to 2 of the plate thickness of the plate material.
The range is preferably 5 times.

When a / b exceeds 0.5, the force applied to the protruding portion of the blade becomes large, and the blade is likely to be caught. If a / b is less than 0.1, the burr reduction effect becomes insufficient.

If b exceeds 2.5 times the plate thickness of the plate material, the force applied to the protruding portion of the blade becomes large and the blade is likely to be nicked. Further, when b is less than 0.5 times the plate thickness of the plate material, the burr reduction effect becomes insufficient.

The blade of the present invention can be used as a shearing shear blade of a shearing machine for various known shearing processes. When shearing is performed using the blade of the present invention, the shearing can be performed with the same clearance without changing the clearance between the blades according to the plate thickness of the shearing member. Further, it is possible not only to reduce the burr and the sagging of the sheared portion, but also to obtain good shearing accuracy.

The shearing tool of the present invention can be used for various punching processes such as shearing, blanking, drilling and trimming of various plate materials. In particular, it is suitable for shearing a metal plate for which there is a great need to reduce burr.

By using the blade of the present invention as both the upper blade and the lower blade in the shearing process and as both the punch and the die in the punching process, the burr can be prevented from protruding from the surface of the plate material. The blade of the present invention is one of the upper blade and the lower blade in the shearing process, in the punching process, when used for one of the punch and the die, when the burr of the material on the side of the used blade is by the conventional method. Can be reduced compared to. Therefore,
If desired, the tool of the present invention may be used for only one tool.

[0032]

The present invention is characterized in that a protrusion is formed at one end of the outer surface of the shearing blade higher than the outer surface, and a groove is provided at the base of the protrusion. The protruding portion serves as a cutting blade portion, and a sheared surface is formed from this portion. The end of the processed member formed by shearing can be further sheared by escaping into the groove of the blade, and the load applied to the protrusion can be released, and as a result, even if the clearance is small, The shearing surface can be easily formed, and the life of the tool can be extended.

[0033]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings by embodiments.

Example 1 A case where a steel plate is sheared using the shearing shearing tool of the present invention will be described.

The blade of the present invention has the shape shown in FIG.
a = 0.2 mm, b = 0.8 mm (a / b = 0.25)
A blade (invention example 1) having a size of 1 was prepared. For comparison, a blade having a shape shown in FIG. 13 (1) and having m = 0.2 mm (Comparative Example 1) and a flat blade-shaped blade having no protrusion or recess (Comparative Example 2) were prepared. The clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade was set to 0 (zero) in the present invention example 1, 0 (zero) in the comparative example 1, and 0.03 mm in the comparative example 2. As a blade,
A carbide blade was used.

Using a shearing device having the above blades as upper and lower blades, a steel plate having a plate thickness of 0.4 to 1.6 mm is sheared, and the life of the blade and the sheared portion of the steel plate after shearing are The degree of protrusion of burr, whore, indentation and burr was investigated. Table 1 shows the results.

[0037]

[Table 1]

The burrs, droops, and indentations were taken from the cross-sectional photographs of the sheared portion as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, or FIG.
The value obtained as the thickness of j and i was divided by the plate thickness t of the steel plate. The burr protrusion is the amount of burr protrusion on the steel plate surface, and is calculated from the value obtained by subtracting the indentation (%) from the burr (%) (burr (%)-indentation (%)). If the value is negative Was set to 0 (zero). Further, the number of shears (number of times) when the blade was worn or the blade was worn was defined as the life of the blade.

As shown in Table 1, the blade of Example 1 of the present invention is
Compared with the blades of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the blades have a longer life, and burr and sagging are smaller. Further, since the burr is smaller than the indentation, the burr does not project on the steel plate surface. Further, the same clearance shows good shearing performance for steel plates having different plate thicknesses.

[Embodiment 2] Next, a case where a steel sheet is punched using the shearing punch and die of the present invention will be described.

As a blade of the present invention, in the shape of FIG. 1, a =
A punch having an outer diameter of 45.0 mm and a die having an inner diameter of 45.0 mm (invention example 2) having dimensions of 0.2 mm and b = 0.8 mm (a / b = 0.25) were prepared. Further, for comparison, a punch and a die (Comparative Example 3) having the same diameter and having a straight blade shape having neither protrusions nor grooves were prepared. The clearance between the upper blade and the lower blade was 0.04 mm in Invention Example 2 and was constant, and Comparative Example 3
Was changed depending on the plate thickness. Using this tool, a steel plate with a plate thickness of 0.4 to 1.6 mm is used, and a punching test of the steel plate is performed using a high workability-providing rust preventive oil for steel plate (Knox Thrust 550HN manufactured by Nippon Parkerizing Co., Ltd.). , Who and the degree of indentation were investigated. Table 2 shows the results.
Shown in The burrs, droops and indentations were measured in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0042]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, the blade of Example 2 of the present invention was
Compared with the blade of Comparative Example 3, there was less burr. Further, as in the case of the first example of the present invention, the burr did not project on the surface of the steel sheet. Further, the same clearance shows good shearing performance for steel plates having different plate thicknesses.

[0044]

As described above, the blade of the present invention is inexpensive and has a long service life because the blade is unlikely to be cleaved, and when shearing is performed using the blade of the present invention, the blade thickness is There is no need to change the clearance to
It is possible to obtain a shearing surface with less sagging and a good shearing accuracy, and thus an industrially useful effect is brought about.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a sheared portion of a steel plate sheared by a shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a shearing state of a steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a shearing state of a steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a shearing condition of a steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a shearing condition of a steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a shearing condition of a steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a shearing condition of a steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view for explaining the shearing condition of the steel plate by the shearing blade of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a sheared portion of a steel plate sheared by a conventional shearing blade.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a shearing portion of a steel plate sheared by a conventional shearing blade.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of a blade portion of a conventional shearing blade.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a blade portion shape of a conventional shearing blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 blade 2 steel plate 3 protrusion 4 outer surface 5 groove a distance from outer surface of blade to tip of protrusion a'part where shear load concentrates b distance from bottom of groove of blade to tip of protrusion

(72) Inventor Noriyuki Nishio 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuo Inokari 11 Toyo, 34, Hiwato, Tomiya-cho, Komikawa-gun, Miyagi Prefecture Toyo Inside the Engineering Department, Cutlery Co., Ltd. (72) Hideyuki Shimura, Inventor 11 34, Hiwatari, Tomiya-cho, Tomiya-cho, Kurokawa-gun, Miyagi Prefecture Inside the Engineering Department, Toyo Cutlery Co., Ltd. (72) Takeo Matsuura, 7-27, Kamihatchobori, Naka-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture No. Toyo Cutler Co., Ltd. Hiroshima Sales Office

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A non-rotating shearing blade, wherein a protrusion (3) is formed at one end of an outer surface (4) of the blade (1) higher than the outer surface (4), and a root of the protrusion (3). A blade for shearing, comprising: a groove (5) provided in the. 2. The shearing blade according to claim 1, wherein the shearing blade is a shear blade, a punch blade or a die blade. 3. The groove (5) provided at the base of the protrusion (3) has a triangular cross-sectional shape in which the groove width gradually decreases toward the bottom thereof. Shearing blade. 4. A distance a from the outer surface (4) of the blade (1) to the tip of a protrusion (3) formed higher than the outer surface (4) and a groove provided at the base of the protrusion (3). (5)
The shearing blade according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a ratio with a distance b from the bottom of the to the tip of the protrusion (3) is 0.1 ≦ a / b ≦ 0.5. 5. The distance b from the bottom of the groove (5) provided at the base of the cutting tool (1) to the tip of the protrusion (3) formed higher than the outer surface (4) is 0 of the plate thickness of the shearing material. .5-
The blade for shearing according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, which is 2.5 times. 6. A set of the shearing blades according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is arranged one above the other, and the shearing blades are used to form shearing materials having different plate thicknesses, all having the same clearance. A shearing method characterized by shearing with.