JP2011169066A - Nature adapted river-lake installation water intake facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nature adapted river-lake installation water intake facility that reduces difficulty, maintenance labor and required power in maintaining an environment for inhabiting fishes, in securing the safe water intake amount for all forces of water from a drought to a flood, in reducing sediment and refuse included in running water, in eliminating water intake and in securing a place for refuse elimination in mountain stream intake for small hydraulic power generation. <P>SOLUTION: The level difference between the upstream and downstream of a dam is minimized, and a path bottom is inclined and doubled to preferentially secure a passage for a minimum amount of water to be maintained and a dam constant sand removal path including after water intake of a migratory fish path. Changes in horizontal flow velocity and a free drop locus due to a change in water force are skillfully utilized to provide a constant sand flowing path 15 serving as an overflow water receiving common horizontal migratory fish path combining a natural control function of the intake amount and a flood time intake limiting function by the position, direction, shape, etc. of the intake port and the overflow water receiver. Water is stably collected by forced natural discharge of excess water by the utilization of a high speed water stream connection inducing effect. A natural eliminating function of refuse and sediment is reinforced by the cooperation of an upper stage cantilever type improved double bar screen 12 remarkably enhancing minimum maintenance/overflow stream and self-cleaning action. These hydraulic actions are compositely and rationally combined and constructed in a small space. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

 The present invention is installed in rivers and lakes to constantly discharge floating foreign matter, sand that accumulates or flows down to the bottom, and reduces the burden on migratory fish as much as possible, ensuring a safe and stable water intake for all water levels. It provides versatile water intake equipment with less labor.

 Petroleum and coal-based fossil energy, which is currently the mainstream, creates a tremendous burden on the global environment, and there is an urgent need to switch to using natural energy as a countermeasure, and there are countless numbers to secure further energy to replace fossil energy. The use of energy is considered promising in small and medium-sized rivers, but the response target is nature, creatures, complicated interests, many related authorities, profitability, that is, equipment costs and maintenance costs Practical use and development has been delayed due to problems and complexity.

 In order to secure the fishway, we have used a staircase with a dam plate to make it easy to jump off the water flow, but it is questionable if the steps are large and the fish can travel without burden.

 In order not to adopt a dam type that greatly changes the nature, it is necessary to have a water intake with a function of ensuring a safe and stable water intake for all water levels from drought to flooding.

 In natural lakes and rivers, small foreign matter entangled in the filter net etc. can be removed periodically by dust removal, but medium-sized foreign matters are caught in the removal machine in the small scale equipment and become the most cause of failure It was. In addition, it was unprotected against large driftwood boulders, and the power generation stoppage period increased, maintenance labor, and costs became a big problem in the entire hydroelectric power plant. The conventional foreign object removal method by the water flow up method to the bar lattice has a certain effect, but does not correspond to all natural events as described in the present invention.

Patent Publication Hei 8-232248 Patent Publication 2004-211489 Patent Publication 2005-146603 Patent Publication 2005-220610 International Patent Publication WO2002-099202 Patent Publication 2007-113232 Patent Publication 2007-187083 Patent Publication 2002-431

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry / New Energy Foundation “Small and Medium Hydropower Standardized Model Plant Design Survey Summary” published in 2002 Takeo Kikuoka "Problems in the design of intake weirs (continued)" Published in 1995 NEDO “Micro Hydropower Introduction Guidebook” published in March 2003

 The first problem with the functions required for a good water intake work is that the development of a large-scale hydroelectric power plant with a dam has been completed and is already supplying stable power. In particular, the burden on inhabiting fish is extremely large because they do not have a solution. With a fishway installed, there is almost nothing that is nominal and performs well. In small and medium-sized rivers, it is necessary to secure a migratory route that is close to the nature of inhabiting fish that functions with the highest priority even in drought.

 The second point is that the dam type has the function of storing the water that flows for all water levels from drought to flooding and taking the required amount of water quantitatively from the intake, but the natural water level intake type in the river marsh There is a demand for a water intake that does not take excessive water and functions safely even during floods, but the amount of change was too large and problematic.

 The third point is that there is always defoliated hay and driftwood in the water that naturally flows from the upstream, and sand always flows. Even during heavy rains, large driftwood and boulders fall down. It is necessary to have the function of safely collecting the necessary water while separating them as much as possible and removing them naturally. However, the conventional method has limitations and measures such as stopping the intake when there is a large amount of foreign matter. It was customary and suspension of water intake was a necessary measure during floods beyond that.

 In the small hydroelectric power generation facility, the water intake location uses the large drop in water flow, so that the operational efficiency is increased, and naturally the river has a steep flow or close to it, and all of the above problems can be solved in the narrow river in the valley. A work piece must be installed, and this is the fourth issue.

 The first challenge is to secure a regular migration route for fish that live, but to secure a stable water intake and drop, weirs are necessary for the river, which becomes an obstacle to the migration route for fish. First, the difference between the upstream and downstream water levels caused by the weir is minimized.

 Next, in order to secure the water flow with the highest priority in the migratory path for any river water level, a part of the weir is notched so that it is the upstream end of the migratory path. Even in the dry season when there is not enough water, the water flow in the migratory route is ensured.

 In order to secure the water depth of the migratory path, the bottom part has an inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line perpendicular to the flow direction line, making it easier to secure the water depth than the channel with a horizontal bottom, and the width of the water channel bottom is somewhat narrower. However, a migration path with a large water depth is formed, which is advantageous for fish migration, and by inserting a traversing path, the path can be lengthened, resulting in a gentle downdraft and an overall slow downflow rate. Less.

 The migratory fish has the instinct to move to the deepest part of the water when it chooses the place with the strongest flow when it is going to go up. Therefore, if a migratory fishway is installed at a halfway position, it is not possible to expect an efficient fish raising effect. It is necessary to arrange so that the dredging is completed by proceeding to the back of the water stream.

 Measures for other purposes may have already been solved by securing the fishway. The sand flowing through the river continues without interruption. Therefore, by securing a fishway with the minimum amount of water from the bottom of the river upstream of the weir, securing a constant sand flow path will naturally occur and established as normal sand removal means. Also, because the sand taken in from the intake port has a much faster swimming path than the water speed required for flowing sand without performing regular discharge work by further securing a migratory path through the intake tank, It is always discharged naturally as a drifting sand route.

 A function is required to safely secure the necessary amount of water for all changes in water from the second drought to the time of flooding, and to ensure that the remaining water is discharged. By skillfully utilizing the changes in horizontal flow velocity and vertical fall velocity, theoretical analysis of the rapid change in flow velocity and the free fall position due to gravity at the time of a large water flood, and the intake of the water flow naturally discharged from the weir by the experiment It is naturally controlled by optimizing the position and orientation and setting the shape and position of the overflow receiver optimally.

 The water taken into the water intake tank from the water intake is immediately after the natural water, and it is difficult to secure a stable water intake due to various factors. Therefore, the necessary amount of water is stably secured by discharging surplus water from the water moved to the water intake adjustment tank. However, in order to pass sewage during flooding safely downstream of the weir, changes in the cross-sectional shape of the river are suppressed, and the cross-sectional area is narrowed by the intake adjustment layer as much as possible. By doing so, the risk of water level abnormally rising due to water intake related works and flooding accidents to the surrounding area must be reduced. Therefore, the submerged state is executed systematically. The articulated suction function is adopted as a method for safely and reliably discharging excess water from a submersible intake adjustment tank. The kinetic energy of a fluid moving at high speed is proportional to the square of the velocity, and it applies the natural principle of the ejector effect that has the energy of pushing up or suctioning corresponding to the free fall velocity due to its gravity, and the high-speed flow during flooding Utilizes forced natural drainage effect due to water-attraction effect.

  In order to safely collect the necessary water while separating it as much as possible and separating it naturally against dead leaves, dead leaves and falling sand that naturally flow from the upstream of the third point, and large driftwood and boulders during heavy rain floods In the intake, the improvement of the conventional overflow weir bar screen rear intake system, and further improvement based on the theory and experiment, and improved double bar with a small step overflow weir water flow up system by referring to Fig. 47-b Adopting a screen, improving the natural removal function to the bar-shaped dust, improving the self-cleaning function of the grid, facilitating maintenance work, and early natural removal of the waste dust, the upper stage is the upper cantilever bar system, and the lower bar grid is downstream The flat grid with the side fixed to the top of the water / overflow separation wall is a double lattice with a rhombus, and the overflow catcher with the falling water depressing effect and the function of jumping off the running water during flooding is used in combination with the above-mentioned horizontal pulling fishway / sand flow route Eliminated by the bar screen Was dust naturally eliminated by fishway and Haisuna flowing water can create a secure and natural multifunctional weir by reliably performing the scheduled maintenance in this degree of difference. In addition, the intake by this system can be installed over the entire length of the weir and its self-cleaning action can greatly extend the interval between regular maintenance operations. In addition, the small dust which passed through it can be collected by the floating substance removal device in the intake adjustment layer and returned to the main stream while floating in the running water.

  The fourth issue is a safe structure with a water intake adjustment tank added to a water intake weir with an open / close sluice gate for maintenance in a valley or narrow river, so that it does not interfere with river sewage during floods. Installation requires a wild sensibility to detect danger and must always have a research mind and a positive attitude toward nature. In other words, all the predicted natural phenomena and events and possibilities that can occur in the workpiece are combined to form the best result. Details will be described later with reference to the drawings.

  Since the present invention does not greatly change the river shape as compared with the dam type water intake method, the natural environment destruction is very small. Especially for fish, it is possible to preserve the habitat environment without blocking the habitat by cutting down the steps of the intake weir with the highest priority and securing the optimal migratory path to reduce the burden as much as possible and ensure the minimum amount of water to maintain.

  Adopting an improved double bar screen rear water intake system that has a self-cleaning action at the intake for medium-sized and larger dust, and using a fine screen in the intake adjustment tank, all three stages of natural dust removal are constantly occurring It will be. By examining and adjusting the slope of the bottom of each tank against sediment and sand generated during floods and heavy water floods, the flow velocity and movement path are secured, and natural removal is always performed without using any power from small gravel to fine sand. Therefore, it is possible to collect water with much less foreign labor and earth and sand with much less manual labor.

  This self-cleaning action becomes particularly large when the water force changes, and it is extremely effective when the weather changes periodically and the water force due to precipitation changes as in Japan.

  By examining and adjusting the hydraulic action of the intake structure, it has a function to secure a safe water intake for all water levels from the drought period to a heavy water, and to naturally limit the water intake especially during floods. As a result, it is possible to secure a stable water intake with less labor and maintenance.

  Since all functions necessary for water intake from the river are stored in a compact manner, and the application of the conjugation attracting action by high-speed water flow during flooding, the water intake adjustment tank is constructed in a position that avoids flooding because it functions completely even when submerged during flooding. Even if this is not possible, it will be possible to construct a safe and secure power plant with a long life required for a hydropower plant that can safely draw water and requires a continuous power generation function.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic plan view (cross-sectional position entry) showing an example of the present invention installed in a river. FIG. 2 is a front elevation view seen from the downstream side of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view seen from the left bank of FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the water flow and migratory fish at the bottom of the entire facility assuming a drought. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the water flow and migratory fish at the bottom of the entire facility assuming low water. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the water flow and migratory fish at the bottom of the entire facility assuming normal times. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the water flow of the entire facility assuming a flood. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the water flow of the entire facility assuming a large amount of water. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the water flow of the entire facility assuming a flood. FIG. 10 is a Hh cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish across the intake weir assuming drought. FIG. 11 is a Hh cross-sectional view showing the water level across the intake weir and migratory fish assuming a low water level. FIG. 12 is a Hh cross-sectional view showing the water level across the intake weir and migratory fish, assuming normal conditions. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of Hh showing the water level across the intake weir assuming the time of high water. FIG. 14 is an Hh cross-sectional view showing the water level across the intake weir assuming a large amount of water. FIG. 15 is an Hh cross-sectional view showing the water level across the intake weir assuming flooding. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-i showing the water level and migratory fish of the overflow receiving / lower horizontal trawling fish course section assuming drought. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-i showing the water level and migratory fish in the overflow-receiving / lower-stage laterally-drawn fishway section assuming a low water level. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-i showing the water level and migratory fish of the overflow receiving / lower horizontal trawling fish course section assuming normal times. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-i showing the water level of the overflow receiving / lower horizontal retreating fishway section assuming a flooding time. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-i showing the water level of the overflow receiving / lower horizontal trawling fishway section assuming a large water time. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-i showing the water level of the overflowing / lower horizontal trawling fishway section assuming flooding. FIG. 22 is a Jj cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish in the rough sand stopping / discharging tank section assuming drought. FIG. 23 is a JJ cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish in the rough sand stopping / discharging basin assuming a low water level. FIG. 24 is a JJ cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish in the rough sand stopping / discharging tank section assuming normal times. FIG. 25 is a Jj cross-sectional view showing the water level in the rough sand stopping / discharging tank assuming a flooding time. FIG. 26 is a Jj cross-sectional view showing the water level in the rough sand stopping / discharging tank section assuming a large amount of water. FIG. 27 is a Jj cross-sectional view showing the water level in the rough sand stopping / discharging tank assuming flooding. FIG. 28 is a KK cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish in the suspended matter fine sand removal tank assuming drought. FIG. 29 is a KK cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish in the suspended fine sand removal tank assuming a low water level. FIG. 30 is a KK cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish in the suspended matter fine sand removal tank assuming normal conditions. FIG. 31 is a KK cross-sectional view showing the water level in the suspended matter fine sand removal tank assuming a flood. FIG. 32 is a KK cross-sectional view showing the water level in the suspended matter fine sand removal tank assuming a large amount of water. FIG. 33 is a KK cross-sectional view showing the water level of the suspended matter fine sand removal tank assuming flooding. FIG. 34 is an LL cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish at the water conduit connecting portion assuming a drought. FIG. 35 is an LL cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish at the water conduit connecting portion assuming a low water level. FIG. 36 is an L-L cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish at the conduit connection assuming a normal condition. FIG. 37 is an LL cross-sectional view showing the water level of the water conduit connecting portion assuming the time of high water. FIG. 38 is an L-I cross-sectional view showing the water level of the water conduit connecting portion assuming large water. FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view taken on line L- 1 showing the water level of the water conduit connecting portion assuming a flood. FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Aa showing the water level of the open / close sluice gate for maintenance sand discharge assuming each stage from drought to flood. FIG. 41 is a BB cross-sectional view showing the water level and migratory fish of the intake weir level normal jumping migratory path assuming each stage from drought to flooding. FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-c showing the water level and the migratory fish in the rising migratory path through the intake weir level intake tank assuming each stage from drought to flood. FIG. 43 is a D-d cross-sectional view showing the water level in the intake tank and migratory fish assuming each stage from drought to flood. FIG. 44 is an EE cross-sectional view showing the river center longitudinal main water level and migratory fish assuming each stage from drought to flood. FIG. 45 is an F-f cross-sectional view showing the water level of the longitudinally-drawn fishway and the migratory fish assuming each stage from drought to flood. FIG. 46 is a G-G cross-sectional view showing the entire water level and migratory fish in the intake adjustment tank (sand stop floating material removal conduit connection part) assuming each stage from drought to flood. FIG. 47 is a grid installed at the water intake for removing foreign substances. The upper part shows a single simple parallel grid, and the lower part shows an improved double bar screen that prevents the intake of small foreign matters to large foreign matters. It is the partial top view with which it mounted | wore. FIG. 48 shows a grid installed at the water intake for removing foreign matter, (a) shows a single simple bar screen, and (b) shows an improved second to prevent taking in from small foreign matter to large foreign matter. It is the partial DD perspective view for the water flow locus | trajectory examination with respect to the horizontal flow velocity equipped with the heavy bar screen. FIG. 49 is a graph for examining the natural forced drainage capacity of the spilled water by the negative pressure of the water flow free fall curve having a horizontal flow velocity and the articulation effect.

  The most applicable form of the present invention is that nature conservation is the top priority in any flowing water flow from drought to flood in a small hydropower plant that is expected to spread in the future. Water intake adjustment tank in intake weir with maintenance sewage sluice open and close sluice gate in steep small and medium rivers, so-called narrow stream rivers, which secures a stable amount of water with little waste even in the event of a flood In order to prevent the flow of rivers from flowing into the river during flooding, each element is installed in a compact and complex combination so that maintenance work can be greatly reduced and operated safely.

  1, 2, and 3, as shown in the overall schematic diagram, the riverbed width other than securing the amount of river maintenance water and the normal fly-fishing way / always-sandy way 9 and the flying-fishing way / sandy route 10 via the intake tank Most can be set at the rear intake with a small step overflow type improved double bar screen 12, and the range of the riverbed width reference line 2 has no hindrance as the main drainage route when water is abundant or flooded A maintenance earth and sand spill gate 7 and intake adjustment facilities are arranged on each opposite shore, and the revetment reinforcement retaining walls on both berths side so that it can pass through and the cross-sectional area of the existing river crossing shape reference line 1 is eliminated as much as possible. Build 6 as needed.

The main structure shown in FIG. 1 has a flow rate adjustment and intake sand weir 8 with a small step overflow type improved double bar screen 12 on the downstream side, a water intake tank 13 inside, and the upper surface of the overflow is a river. The existing riverbed surface is dug down so that it does not protrude from the longitudinal center reference riverbed surface, and the riverbed 4 on the upstream side of the weir is adjusted so that it has a certain level of sediment accumulation.

  The water intake adjustment tank shown in FIG. 1 is composed of a rough sand stopping tank 19, a fine sand stopping / floating substance removing tank 23, and a conduit connection tank in order to remove even smaller dust and sand from the water introduced from the water intake tank 13. The upper part is a sand stop / floating matter removing tank wall set 31, and the sand stopping / floating substance removing tank roof set 30 is natural for migratory fish passing through the tank at the minimum required height. Cover it with daylighting materials so that it can be recognized as a place. This adjustment tank is submerged in flooding and flooding on the roof and outside of the wall is premised. It is solid and finished with few protrusions to stabilize the sand stop and floating substance removal tank upper space 60 during submergence and ventilating effect In order to ensure this, an upstream side ventilation pipe 35 and a downstream side ventilation pipe 36 are provided.

  1, 3, and 46 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 46, the water guide spill forced natural discharge outlet / overflow rectifier plate 33 installed at the downstream side of the intake water adjustment tank and the large horizontal water rectifier plate 32 installed below the The spillage of the sewage in the tank is spilled by the spilled water at the time of large water. The high-speed lower rectification 56 and the spilled water at the time of flooding. Even when the upper part of the tank is submerged, it is discharged as a drainage stream 58 that induces spillage in a large water. For the strength of the applied force, refer to the theoretical value investigation of the rectifying flow velocity around the outlet in FIG.

  1, 41, and 42, the normal flying fishway / always flowing sand channel 9 and the flying fishway / always flowing sand channel 10 disposed in the side of the intake tank are located at the time of flight. The level difference is suppressed by the stepped small water storage wall 39 for migratory fish suitable for the size of the inhabiting fish so as not to be a burden of migratory fish, and sufficient water depth is secured so that the up and down spiral water flow 40 is generated.

  The downstream side of the intake weir 8 with the flow velocity adjusting / sand flow groove shown in FIG. 43 is in contact with the intake / overflow separation wall 14 and has an appropriate effect as shown in FIG. An overflow receiving and regular horizontal recreational fish path and regular sand flow path 15 having a running water gradient, a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 43, and a notch 16 for overflow receiving fish shown in FIG. On the downstream side, a weir downstream impact adjustment river bed 5 shown in FIG. 44 is provided with a deep part for partial migratory fish that also serves to prevent buckling.

  The cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 43 will be described in detail with reference to the horizontal flow velocity and the natural fall curve due to gravity in FIG. 49. The natural fall water flow having a horizontal flow velocity at a gravitational acceleration of 9.8 m / sec / second is represented by a quadratic curve. It becomes like the trajectory of each horizontal water flow. When this is superimposed on FIG. 43, it becomes as shown in FIG. Flow rate natural fall curve 50 at horizontal speed 0.5m / S, Flow rate natural fall curve 51 at horizontal speed 1.0m / S, Flow rate natural fall curve 52 at horizontal speed 2.0m / S, Horizontal speed 3.0m / S Flowing natural fall curve 53, horizontal velocity 4.0m / S hour running water natural fall curve 54, horizontal velocity 5.0m / S hour running water natural fall curve 55, each river's downfall slope, change from drought to flooding due to river width The position of the intake / overflow separation wall 14 is studied and adjusted with the maximum intake amount based on the combined relationship between the amount of water used, the intake amount, and the flow velocity. Investigate and adjust the flow velocity when limiting water intake during floods.

  The normal vertical recreational fishway / normal sand flow path 17 connected to the downstream end of the overflow receiving / common lateral recreational fishway 15 has the cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. 22, 28 and 34 and the downflow slope shown in FIG. The water depth can be secured even when the flow rate is low, and it becomes a habitat for mountain stream fish. In addition, the improved double bar screen 12 provided at the intake port helps the removal and removal of dust and natural sediment from the intake port to the downstream of the river by increasing the flow velocity.

  48- (b) The water intake weir 8 shown in FIG. 48- (b) is equipped with a small step overflow type improved double bar screen 12 and the rear water intake is stable from the time when the amount of water is small until the time of flooding. In order to prevent the dust from entering the water intake tank, the gap between the upper bars is about 60 mm to 100 mm, arranged in parallel to the flow direction, taking as much an inclination angle as possible and setting it to be smaller than the lower bar, It is supported and fixed by a cantilever method, and it is set so that a large trash can move in the direction of the tip due to the water hammer effect of natural fall water, and at the end it will fall to the side of the overflowing fish catching road 15 The manual removal of the dust entangled with the lower bar screen can be easily performed from the downstream side.

  The gap between the lower bars is about 20 mm to 30 mm, and is arranged with an angle in the flow direction of the horizontal draw fishway 15 about 30 to 45 degrees with respect to the flow direction. The self-cleaning action that gradually moves from the intake / overflow separation wall 14 to the overflow receiving / usage horizontal pulling fishway 15 side along the upper surface of the bar by the blow is greatly entangled in the intake tank 13 It is a two-point support that can be removed easily so that dust and accumulated gravel can be removed manually. The conventional simple bar method could not eliminate a lot of rod-like thin dusters such as firewood, firewood, and tree branches, but in this method the direction was adjusted to the flow direction when dropped on the lower bar by the upper bar, and the lower stage Since the bar has an angle formed with respect to it, the bar can be prevented from entering the water intake tank 13 with a high probability, and the burden on the water intake adjustment tank in the subsequent stage can be reduced and the number of troubles can be greatly reduced. Normally, the dust that has been removed from the water intake by the upper and lower bars is naturally removed by the fishway / sand discharge water, and when the water is large, the boulders and the like are allowed to flow directly to the downstream side of the weir adjustment riverbed 5 by the overflow.

  The function of the intake tank 13 located immediately below the intake port is to secure the swimming water depth of the migratory fish 38 that has strayed at any amount of water, and to the upstream side of the river via the flying-fishing way and the always flowing sand channel 10 through the intake tank Alternatively, the movement toward the rough sand stopping tank 19 side is facilitated, and the dust containing earth and sand is moved to the rough sand stopping tank 19 side as much as possible by reducing the amount of accumulated sediment in the tank. For this reason, the bottom surface of the tank is inclined as shown in FIG. 43 except for a part of the deepest setting, so that it becomes advantageous for swimming the migratory fish 38 even in the case of the water level surface 41 when the tank is drought compared to the entire horizontal bottom and the flow velocity. The increase in the transportation speeds up the transportation of earth and sand. Also in plan view, as shown in FIG. 4, by reducing the width of the upstream side in the tank and ensuring the flow velocity, the accumulation of dust in the vicinity is prevented.

  The first stage of the water intake adjustment tank is a rough sand stopping tank 19 having a gradient shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. The migratory fishway / desalted sand discharge path 21 is excluded to the regular vertical pulling fishery path / always flowing sand path 17. The effect of increasing the water depth and flow velocity due to the cross-sectional gradient improves the migratory fish environment and prevents the accumulation of dust. The migratory fishway / rough sand discharge passage 21 penetrating the stagnation suspended matter removal tank / sandflow route boundary wall 22 toward the normal vertical retreating fishway / always flowing sand route 17 is attracted by the flow velocity of the normal vertical retreating fishway / normal sand flow route 17. In general, sand flows out naturally and rapidly due to the water head pressure on the tank side, but a check valve structure is added to prevent backflow due to the reverse head pressure during floods.

  In the second stage of the water intake adjustment tank, the suspended dust is picked up by the fine sand removal and floating substance removing tank 23 shown in FIGS. 1 and 28 and returned to the main stream from the intake floating substance discharge outlet 59. The fine sand that could not be removed by the rough sand stopping tank 19 is collected by the fine sand stopping wall 25, and the fine sand penetrating the sand stopping floating substance removing tank / sand flow path boundary wall 22 toward the normal vertical retreating fishing route and the always flowing sand path 17. Normally drained from the sand discharge channel 26 by the flow velocity of the regular vertical recreational fishery route and the constantly flowing sand route 17 and the water head pressure on the tank side, but it is normally discharged quickly, but it prevents backflow due to the reverse head pressure during floods. In order to do this, a check valve structure is added.

  In the third stage of the water intake adjustment tank, the inflow of foreign material into the water conduit is blocked by the water conduit foreign matter entry prevention lattice 27 shown in FIGS. 1 and 34, and the water is sent to the water conduit 29 through the water conduit control gate 28.

  In FIGS. 4 to 47, the drought water level surface 41, the low water level surface 42, the normal water level surface 43, the high water level surface 44, the high water level surface 45, and the flood water level surface 46 in each place. The water level surface 47 at the time of drought drainage sluice gate, the water level surface 48 at the time of low sedimentation spillway gate, and the water level surface 49 at the time of normal sediment spillway sluice gate indicate the status of each water level, and it is safe at all water levels It is configured to perform stable functions.

  The minimum maintenance water amount is the sum of the amount of water that normally passes through the flying-fishing route / always flowing sand channel 9 and the migrating-fishway / desalted sand discharge channel 21, and each dimensional angle is adjusted according to the planning conditions.

  47 and 48, Example 1 describes the case where the improved double bar screen 12 shown in (b) is adopted for the water intake, but in Example 2 from the viewpoint of economic equipment costs (i). A method of using the single bar screen 11 as an alternative.

    1, 2, and 3, the main structure's flow rate adjustment / flowing sand groove intake weir 8, and a downstream intake with a small step overflow type improved double bar screen 12 inside Intake tank 13, securing of river maintenance water quantity and normal flying fishway and regular sand flow path 9, flying fishery funnel and sand flow path 10 in the intake tank, in contact with intake / overflow separation wall 14 on the downstream side, reducing falling water An appropriate flowing water gradient shown in FIG. 10, which has both a vigorous effect and a rapid natural removal function of removed dust, a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 43, and a notch 16 for overflow catching fish shown in FIG. Concurrent sand flow path 15 is connected to a water intake tank, a rough sand stopping tank 19 is arranged, maintenance scouring sluice gate 7 and retaining wall 6 for revetment reinforcement are constructed on both sides of the berth, and the downstream side is washed. Weir downstream adjustment river shown in Fig. 44 with a deep part for partial migratory fish that also serves to prevent bending It established a surface 5, up provided in the water tank retrieve the water guide to guide waterway toward the water intake adjustment equipment for removing debris to another location and the water intake facilities provided in the river.

  In order to remove even smaller debris from the water introduced from the water intake facility provided in the river, it is used as a water intake adjustment facility in a place where it will not be submerged during a flood. Are formed integrally, and the upper part performs a sand stop / floating matter removing tank wall assembly 31 and a sand stopping / floating matter removing tank roof assembly 30 for preventing the entry of flying objects. Since this adjustment facility does not submerge during floods, no special ventilation is required, but in order to reduce the loss of head pressure in the section between the intake facility and intake adjustment facility, it is necessary to reduce the inflow slope and the flow velocity Since it decreases, the cross-sectional area of the channel is increased.

  The present invention is installed in rivers and lakes and always discharges floating dust and sediment deposited or flowing down at the bottom, and reduces the burden on migratory fish as much as possible, ensuring safe water intake for all water flows and maintenance labor. It provides a water intake facility with a few versatility, and has an improved double bar screen with a self-cleaning action at the water intake, and a fine floating dust removal device in the water intake adjustment tank. There is very little contamination by foreign matter, and by adjusting and adjusting the inclination of the bottom of each tank, the flow velocity and movement path are adjusted to use both rough sand and fine sand without using any power at all times. Since it is removed naturally, it can be used for all water intake facilities with very little earth and sand.

  In particular, by adopting this system for intake facilities with the most obstacles in small hydropower plants, migratory fish with less natural destruction can freely come and go, and in the case of floods and when the water level drops, a little inspection and strip-shaped It is possible to construct a safe and secure power plant with a long service life that ensures a continuous power generation function simply by removing the entanglement of a long spillage. For river fishery rights compensation issues and other existing water rights compensation issues, water that has been adjusted for intake by this intake facility is diverted to the existing irrigation canal from the conduit, or this intake facility is used as an intake for existing irrigation water Adopting for this will help solve the problem and contribute to the resolution of these difficult problems, and the construction of a small hydropower plant will be dramatically promoted and play a role in global warming countermeasures.

1 River crossing shape reference line 2 River bed width reference line 3 Average water level surface 4 Weir upstream maintenance river bed 5 Weir downstream impact adjustment river bed 6 Revetment reinforcement retaining wall 7 Maintenance drainage opening and closing sluice gate 8 Flow rate adjustment and intake sand weir with sand channel 9 River Securing of maintenance water quantity and normal flying fishway and always flowing sand channel 10 Flying fishery route and flowing sand route through intake tank 11 Single bar screen 12 Improved double bar screen 13 Intake tank 14 Intake and overflow separation wall 15 Overflow receiving and normal use horizontal Retractable fishway / normal sand flow route 16 Notch for overflow catching recreational fish 17 Regular vertical recreational fishway / normal sand flow route 18 Vertical reroute fishery route / normal sand flow route / weir downstream sedimentation adjustment river separation wall 19 Rough sand stop 20 21 Recreational Fish Road / Rough Sand Discharge Channel 23 Fine Sand Stop / Float Removal Tank 24 Fine Float Removal Device 25 Fine Sand Stop Wall 26 Fine Sand Discharge Channel 27 Conveyance Pipe Foreign Body Ingress Prevention Grid 28 Conduit Control Gate 9 Condensate pipe 30 Sand stop / floating matter removal tank roof assembly 31 Sand stop / floating matter removal tank wall assembly 32 Conveyance pipe spillage forced natural discharge outlet / overflow rectifier plate 33 Large water horizontal rectifier plate 34 Automatic opening / closing prevention of incoming objects door
35 Upstream vent pipe 36 Downstream vent pipe 37 Maintenance riverbed for downstream migratory fish 38 times migratory fish 39 times small subdivided reservoir wall for migratory fish 40 fold migratory fish step-by-step up and down spiral water flow 41 Drought level surface 42 Low water level Water level 43 Normal water level 44 High water level 45 High water level 46 Flood level 47 Water level when dredging sluice gate 48 Water level when low scouring gate 49 Low level scouring gate Open water level 50 Horizontal flow natural fall curve at 0.5m / S horizontal flow current fall curve at horizontal speed 1.0m / S 52 Horizontal flow natural fall curve at horizontal speed 2.0m / S 53 Horizontal speed 3.0m / S-flow natural fall curve 54 Horizontal velocity 4.0 m / S run-time natural fall curve 55 Horizontal velocity 5.0 m / S-flow natural fall curve 56 Spilled water drainage effect at high water High-speed rectification 57 Flood Water connection invitation Emissions effect high-speed upper rectification 58 flood when surplus water connecting attract discharged water flow 59 water intake suspended solids discharge running water outlet
60 Sabo and floating material removal tank upper space

Claims (4)

  Concerning fish, the optimum level of recreational fishway and the deepest notch in the overflow part of the weir are ensured by reducing the level difference of the intake weir and placing the appropriate inclination of the bottom of the fishway with the highest priority even during drought. The minimum maintenance water volume can be ensured by replenishing water, and the habitat environment is preserved by not blocking the habitat basin. By adjusting and adjusting the slope of the bottom of the tank, the flow velocity and the movement exclusion path are adjusted, and the connection and attraction action by the water flow of the river maintenance water from the small gravel to the fine sand is adopted, and the natural discharge method by the water head pressure is adopted and no power is used. Hydraulics of intake and overflow receiving structure that enable natural forced removal at all times, secure water depth to stray migratory fish in drought, and skillfully utilize changes in horizontal flow velocity and free fall trajectory due to changes in water force Is it drought by study adjustment? Ensures safe water intake for all water levels up to the time of heavy water, and has a function that naturally restricts water intake especially during floods. Upper cantilever type improved double bar screen 12 that realizes stable water sampling by forced natural discharge, and has a self-cleaning effect at the water intake and has high rejection rate of entering dust, and easy removal of entangled dust by hand. Adopting a reverse intake system to prevent entry into the intake tank 13 and using a fine screen in the intake adjustment tank to eliminate naturally by the overflow or overflow of the adjacent overflow receiving and regular horizontal recreational fishway and always flowing sand path 15 Therefore, multi-stage dust removal is performed, and all the functions necessary for water intake from rivers, etc. are combined and rationally compactly configured with less floating dust and less labor required for maintenance. Construction of water intake facilities, characterized in that it was.   Construction of water intake equipment that can expect the same result as adopting these as a result by omitting a part or a plurality of places of claim 1 and adopting others in a similar manner.   By constructing a part or a plurality of parts of claim 1 in a similar manner, the construction of a water intake facility that can be expected to result in the same result as the adoption of these.   The structure of the water intake equipment which can expect the result similar to having employ | adopted these as a result by constructing | assembling the equipment which isolate | separates or replaces one part or multiple places of Claim 1, and collects water.

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