CN110528475A - A kind of hydraulic engineering water intake system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a water intake system of a water conservancy project. The water intake system is built on a river course, comprising an overflow weir, a water intake device, and a sand settling device successively arranged from one side of the river channel to the other side; the overflow weir is used for storing water and For overflow and flood discharge, the water intake device is a dam structure arranged transversely along the river, including the dam body on the front face, the water inlet on the top face and the dam body on the rear end; The inlet plane is provided with a water inlet grille arranged obliquely downward along the water flow direction; the dam body of the water intake device is a hollow water channel, and the outlet of the water channel is connected with the inlet of the sand settling device. The technical scheme of the invention adopts the vertical water diversion of the water inlet, and the grille of the water inlet is inclined downstream to facilitate the drainage of gravel, so as to realize the function of water diversion and drainage of gravel. The invention makes full use of the characteristic of small water diversion flow for small-scale hydropower generation, and adopts a new way of water diversion and drainage of gravel, so that the head hub becomes simpler and more practical, and the engineering cost is reduced.

Description

A water intake system for water conservancy projects

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering design, in particular to the technical field of water diversion engineering design in water conservancy engineering, in particular to a design of a water intake system for small-scale water diversion power generation or water diversion engineering.

Background technique

In small-scale hydropower projects in mountainous areas, the first hub usually adopts the gate dam method or the low dam water intake method. The main structures are retaining dams, sand washing gates, water intakes and grit chambers, and almost all water intakes use positive water intake. The direction of the inlet of the water intake is along the water flow, and the sand flushing gate adopts the method of flushing sand and gravel in the forward direction such as the bottom hole. exclusion.

Contents of the invention

According to the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention discloses a water intake system for water conservancy projects. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to adopt a new water inlet structure, integrate the structure of the sand washing gate and the water intake structure, and carry out a new design on the slag discharge, gravel discharge, and water intake methods to meet the water intake and drainage requirements of small water conservancy projects. Requirements for slag and sand discharge.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A water intake system for water conservancy projects, said water intake system is built on a river channel, characterized in that: the water intake system includes an overflow weir, a water intake device, and a sand settling device arranged successively from one side of the river channel to the other side;

The overflow weir is used for water storage and overflow flood discharge, and the downstream channel of the overflow weir is provided with bottom protection;

The water intake device is a dam body structure arranged laterally along the river course, including a dam body on the front face, a water inlet on the top face, and a rear dam body; A water inlet grille arranged obliquely downward along the direction of water flow is provided; the dam body of the water intake device is a hollow water channel, and the outlet of the water channel is connected with the inlet of the sand settling device.

Further described grit chamber installation comprises grit chamber inlet and grit chamber, grit chamber inlet introduces water flow, and grit chamber inlet is a 90 ° circular bend, the water flow is changed from the vertical river direction to the river direction, and the grit chamber The sand tank uses a large flow section to reduce the flow velocity, thereby reducing the sand-carrying capacity of the water flow, and the sediment is finally discharged out of the grit chamber to reduce the sediment content of the water flow and ensure that the sediment content of the water flow through the grit chamber meets the requirements.

The front end face of the overflow weir is a retaining dam, the dam crest is a discharge overflow surface, and the downstream dam body is a paraboloid with water discharge and energy dissipation.

The side of the overflow weir at the junction of the overflow weir and the water intake device is provided with a loggate gate drainage gate for flood discharge.

The dam body elevation of the water intake device is lower than the structural overflow weir elevation.

The hub of the water intake system of the present invention includes an overflow weir, a water intake device, and a sand settling device, wherein the overflow weir has a lightweight stacked beam door, the top of the water intake of the water intake device has a water inlet grid, and the head of the grit chamber of the sand settling device has a Bend to the entrance of the grit chamber for drainage, the overflow weir connects with the water inlet, and the water inlet connects with the inlet of the grit chamber; It enters the water inlet vertically from the top by its own weight, and then flows into the inlet of the grit chamber and enters the grit chamber; the water inlet grille on the top of the water inlet of the present invention is set to a layout structure with a certain slope inclined downstream, which can divert water vertically and facilitate Drains gravel into downstream protection.

The technical scheme of the invention adopts the vertical water diversion of the water inlet, and the grille of the water inlet is inclined downstream to facilitate the drainage of gravel, so as to realize the function of water diversion and drainage of gravel. The invention makes full use of the characteristic of small water diversion flow for small-scale hydropower generation, and adopts a new way of water diversion and drainage of gravel, so that the head hub becomes simpler and more practical, and the engineering cost is reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the top view planar structure layout of the water intake system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the downstream of the water intake system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of A-A section in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is B-B sectional schematic diagram among Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a schematic top plan view of the structure of an application example of the present invention.

The marks in the attached drawings are: 1-overflow weir, 2-water inlet, 3-grit chamber, 4-logging beam door, 5-inlet of grit chamber, 6-water inlet grille, 7-bottom protection.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and specific embodiment is the further description of the principle of the present invention, does not limit the present invention in any way, and the identical or similar technology of the present invention all does not exceed the scope of protection of the present invention.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The water intake system of the water conservancy project is built on the river channel, and the water intake system includes an overflow weir 1, a water intake device, and a sand settling device arranged successively from one side of the river channel to the other side;

The overflow weir 1 is used for water storage and overflow flood discharge, and the downstream channel of the overflow weir 1 is provided with bottom protection 7;

The water intake device is a dam body structure arranged laterally along the river course, including the dam body on the front face, the water inlet 2 on the top face and the rear dam body; the water inlet 2 is arranged obliquely downward along the flow direction, and the water inlet 2 The water inlet grille 6 arranged obliquely downward along the water flow direction is arranged on the plane; the dam body of the water intake device is a hollow water channel, and the outlet of the water channel is connected with the inlet of the sand settling device.

The grit chamber includes the grit chamber inlet 5 and the grit chamber 3. The grit chamber inlet 5 uses the water flow from the water inlet 2. The grit chamber inlet 5 is a 90° circular bend, which changes the water flow from vertical to the river. direction, the grit chamber 3 uses a larger cross-sectional area to reduce the flow velocity, thereby reducing the sand-carrying capacity of the water flow, and the sediment is finally discharged out of the grit chamber 3, reducing the sediment content of the water flow and ensuring the sediment content of the water flow passing through the grit chamber 3 fulfil requirements.

The front end face of the overflow weir 1 is a retaining dam, the crest of the dam is a discharge overflow surface, and the downstream dam body is a paraboloid with water discharge and energy dissipation. The upper and lower reaches of the overflow weir are connected by three tangent arc lines to the top and both sides of the section, so that the water flow is easy to discharge and the discharge capacity is increased.

The side of the overflow weir at the junction of the overflow weir 1 and the water intake device is provided with a loggate 4 drainage gate for flood discharge. The bottom elevation of the drainage gate is lower than the top elevation of the water intake device. When the water flow is small, the simple stacked beam type drainage gate can be manually lifted to allow the flow to flow through, while the water intake device does not allow the flow, so the structure of the water intake device can be overhauled.

The dam body elevation of the water intake device is lower than the structural overflow weir 1 elevation. In this way, when there is a regular or small flow, all the water flows into the water intake device, and when there is a flood, the excess water is discarded through the overflow weir.

As shown in the figure: the water intake system of the present invention is composed of an overflow weir 1, a water intake device, and a sand settling device. The elevation of the top of the overflow weir 1 is higher than the water inlet 2 of the water intake device. The water inlet grille 6 and the water inlet grille 6 are inclined to the downstream. Under normal flow conditions, the water diversion passes through the water inlet grille 6 of the water inlet 5 and enters the inner cavity of the water inlet vertically. The water inlet and the grit chamber entrance of the grit chamber 5 connection, the grit chamber 3 settles sand and discharges it; in the event of a flood, the water flows over the top of the overflow weir, and the water contains mass, and the larger mass is blocked by the water inlet grille 6 and slides to the downstream bottom protection 7, the water inlet The amount of water diversion is controlled by the gate of the grit chamber, and the excess water is discharged through the water inlet 2 and the overflow weir 1, and enters the water inlet grid 6. The water containing suspended and displaced substances flows into the inner cavity of the water inlet 2 through vertical water diversion, and enters the inner cavity of the water inlet 2. The water port 2 is connected with the inlet 5 of the grit chamber, and the grit chamber 3 is sanded and discharged.

In the present invention, the water inlet 2 is set as a vertical water diversion, and the water inlet grille 6 is obliquely downstream to facilitate the drainage of gravel, and the functions of water diversion and gravel drainage are skillfully realized.

Claims (5)

1. A water intake system for water conservancy projects, said water intake system is built on the river course, characterized in that: the water intake system includes an overflow weir, a water intake device, and a sand settling device arranged successively from one side of the river channel to the other side; The overflow weir is used for water storage and overflow flood discharge, and the downstream channel of the overflow weir is provided with bottom protection; The water intake device is a dam body structure arranged laterally along the river course, including a dam body on the front face, a water inlet on the top face, and a rear dam body; A water inlet grille arranged obliquely downward along the direction of water flow is provided; the dam body of the water intake device is a hollow water channel, and the outlet of the water channel is connected with the inlet of the sand settling device. 2. The water intake system for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grit settling device comprises a grit chamber inlet and a grit chamber, the flow cross-sectional area of the grit chamber is larger than the grit chamber inlet cross-sectional area, and the grit chamber The pool inlet is a 90° circular bend structure. 3. The water intake system for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: the front face of the overflow weir is a retaining dam, the dam crest is a discharge overflow surface, and the downstream dam body is a paraboloid with water discharge and energy dissipation. 4. The water intake system for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: the side of the overflow weir at the junction of the overflow weir and the water intake device is provided with a loggate drainage gate for flood discharge. 5. The water intake system for hydraulic engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the elevation of the dam body of the water intake device is lower than the elevation of the structural overflow weir.