KR100913772B1 - Fish ways of natural type river - Google Patents

Abstract

A natural fish way of river is provided to construct a pool by arranging natural stone in a concavo-convex shape so that the cross section of the water stream is enlarged and the flow rate is lowered. A natural fish way of river comprises a retention wall(4), an overflow channel(3), and a cut off wall(5). The retention wall is installed on the upper stream of weir to increase the water level and keep water. The overflow channel is formed on the lower part of the retention wall, having a pool structure using natural stone(6), and serves as a passage for organisms by slowing the water flow over the retention wall. The cut off wall is installed in the lower part of the overflow channel to prevent separation of the natural stone and scour. The overflow channel comprises non-woven and rubble(9) on the bottom for securing a supporting force in underwater saturation condition. A base concrete(8) and a drain hole are installed on the top of the non-woven and rubble. Natural stone are fixed on the top of the base concrete by filler concrete(7).

Description

Fish Ways of Natural Type River

The present invention relates to ecological fishing of natural rivers, and to installing ecological fishing boats using natural stones and concrete scattered around the rivers, the present invention relates to ecological fishing of natural rivers free of movement of fish and aquatic life.

 Generally, all the facilities installed for the purpose of increasing the water level are collectively, the blown beams installed for the purpose of collecting the irrigation water have excellent workability, and there are reinforced concrete blown beams of the universal construction method. The riverbed maintenance hole, which is installed to maintain the shape, is divided into free fall hole and large hole.

The free fall hole is the drop within 2m of the straight height, and the large drop free fall or very small, less than 50cm, and the facility that prevents the river bed from falling below the planned river bed is called the river bed retainer, and the reinforced concrete type with the same structure as the blow beam is a common construction method. In addition, there are concrete blocks, stone sticking and stacking riverbed maintenance.

The stone attaching river bed is a method of evening the sandstone or concrete surface, and attaching the stone with a canine stone, crushed stone, amber stone, etc. In the case of sticking, the construction is carried out so that the joint is well-fitted, and in case of sticking There is a method of placing the stones side by side and filling them with mortar between the joints.The stone stacking river bed is made by laying the stones on the surface about 0.2 ~ 0.5. It is divided into racking and racking.

The stone pasting and stacking is a construction method for the purpose of using the stones scattered around the environment does not consider the ecological environment of the river.

Figure 1 (a) to (c) is a schematic diagram showing the adobe structure of the prior art, Schabergers as a stream ecological environment improvement method in the Necka River in the Tubingen region of Germany as a case of natural river restoration Explain the installation of Schauberger's ramp.

(A) method of Figure 1 is a flexible method made by stacking the stones in multiple layers, the method of (b) is a very solid method of attaching stones using a filter and concrete, similar to the scratching method described above, (c ) Is a method with structural diversity, which is the most ecologically advantageous method.

 Among the above methods, (a) and (c) are very advantageous to the aquatic ecosystem of rivers, but there is a high possibility that structures will be lost in rivers with high peak flow, such as Korea, and (b) In other words, it was difficult for fish to injure long ramps of long slants because they did not have the ability to recover the fatigue of small fish.

In addition, the ramp structure has a horizontal structure of the bottom of the river has a problem in that the water flow is dispersed in the rivers of the country with a large difference in flow rate according to the seasons can not secure the depth required for fish movement during the dry season.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, has the following object.

The first object of the present invention is to install a natural stone installed in the water overflow in the form of unevenness to form a pool, to enlarge the cross-section of the water flow to slow the flow rate to facilitate the movement of the fish while at the same time to recover the tired fish It is to provide adobe of natural river that is supposed to provide a rest area.

The second object of the present invention is to analyze the hydrologic characteristics of the river to form a parabolic fishery of a portion of the beam, thereby forming a variety of depths and flow rates within the fishery, thereby improving the swimming and jumping conditions of the fish to improve small fish and low The present invention provides an ecological adobe of a natural stream having an environment suitable for the migration characteristics of fish.

The third object of the present invention is that the fish entering into the fish in the conventional fish can not enter the fish because there is no maneuvering, even if the high rate of subtraction, by forming a parabolic fish, the water core flows to the bottom It develops according to parabolic fishes, and has excellent attracting effect, so it has a high degree of fineness, develops habitats for fish by developing shoals and cattle in the underdoses, and contributes to the stability of the underpasses. It is to provide ecological information of natural rivers excellent for removal and water purification.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an ecological adobe of natural rivers having a pleasant river environment with excellent scenery and hydrophilicity installed in a structure similar to that of natural rivers.

Edobo of natural rivers for achieving the object of the present invention water barrier wall installed in the upstream of the beam for increasing water level and fresh water; A water tumbler that forms a pool structure using natural stones in a downstream portion of the water barrier wall so as to slow the flow of water that overflows the water barrier wall or have a function of an ecological movement passage; And it is installed on the lower portion of the water fall, that is, downstream of the beam, characterized in that it comprises a water stop wall to prevent the separation of natural stones and bed washing.

Here, the water overflow is preferably installed to have a gentle inclination of 1/9 ~ 1/20 toward the downstream side of the wall.

Then, the non-woven fabric and foundation rubble are installed at the bottom of the water overflow to secure a supporting force in the state of underwater saturation, and the upper concrete is provided with a foundation concrete and a drainage hole for the purpose of protecting the structure from positive pressure. It is characterized in that the natural stone for freely promoting the movement of fish and aquatic life is fixed by the filling concrete to maintain the shape of the grass.

In addition, the foundation concrete is provided with drainage holes for the positive pressure attenuation, after the first installation of the PVC pipe when laying the foundation concrete, when the stone construction is inserted into the spiral hose smaller than the diameter of the PVC pipe and easy to deform so that the drainage hole is installed do.

Then, the pool is installed on the floor of the natural stone of the wide shape, so that the natural stone to serve as a partition wall around the arrangement.

In addition, the shape of the tide of the beam may be formed into a parabolic fishbone having a predetermined curvature, and the width of the parabolic fishbone bottom is narrowly designed to have the minimum depth required for the movement of the fish, and the width of the upper side is the amount of plain water ( In the case of small rivers, it is desirable to design a wide so that the amount of feng shui flows.

The adobe of the present invention by installing a natural stone installed in the water overflow in the form of unevenness to form a pool, to enlarge the cross-section of the water flow to slow the flow rate to facilitate the movement of the fish and at the same time to recover the fish can be fatigued The effect is to provide a resting space.

In addition, through the hydrological analysis of rivers, the fishing boat of the present invention forms a parabolic fishery of a portion of the beam, thereby forming various depths and flow rates within the fishery, thereby improving the swimming and jumping conditions of the fish, thereby improving small fish and low There is an effect having an environment suitable for the movement characteristics of the fish.

In addition, the adobe of the present invention is formed by the main flow of water, excellent in attracting effect, excellent in the small-scale rate, to develop the habitat of the fish by developing the shoals and cattle in the channel, and contribute to the stability of the channel, By increasing dissolved oxygen, it is effective in removing volatile organic substances and purifying water.

In addition, by forming the adobe close to the shape of the natural river, the present invention has the effect of providing a pleasant river environment excellent in landscape and hydrophilicity.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings for a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the natural adobe according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a front view of the natural adobe according to the present invention, Figures 4a, 4b is a water flow and fish when installing the pool according to the present invention 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a moving process of FIG. 5 is an enlarged view illustrating a main installation structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view illustrating a main installation structure of a drain hole according to the present invention.

 The adobe 1 according to the present invention as shown in the figure is largely the water wall wall (4) installed for the purpose of increasing the water level and fresh water, and the water wall wall (4) in order to provide the function of the ecological movement passage with natural stone It consists of a tumbler (3) that slows the flow of water, and a watertight wall (5) which is installed to protect the sphere from the separation and natural scour of the natural stone (6) installed on the tumbler.

First, the configuration of the water barrier wall 4, the water barrier wall (4) is a concrete structure installed in the ground, has a purpose of increasing the water level and fresh water. Therefore, in particular, it is not required to examine the stability of the structure, but it is provided with a thickness that can withstand the impact from the falling force.

And, if the description of the configuration of the water fall (3), the water fall (3) is installed to have a gentle slope to the downstream side of the water barrier wall (4) to serve as an ecological movement passage, 1/9 according to the species used Can be installed with a gentle slope of ~ 1/20

Looking at the installation structure of the adobe (1), first, a non-woven fabric and a foundation rubble (9) is installed at the bottom to secure the supporting force in the state of underwater saturation, the upper part for the purpose of protecting the structure from positive pressure The foundation concrete 8 and the drain hole 14 is installed, the top of the foundation concrete 8 is filled with natural stone 6 to maintain the shape of the pool 16 for free movement of fish and aquatic life It is fixedly installed by (7).

At this time, the basic rubble 9 is installed to secure the bearing capacity of the ground in the state of underwater saturation, if the river bed is good ground with amber stone and gravel stone can be omitted, the nonwoven fabric is fine particles when installing the basic rubble 9 It is installed to prevent the loss of.

In addition, the foundation concrete (8) is installed on the upper part of the rubble (9) to increase the self-weight of the water fall (3), which is the amount of self-weight of the water fall (3) generated by the difference between the upper and lower water level If less than the pressure, it is to prevent the water overflow (3) is lost by the positive pressure and the hydraulic power.

That is, the determination of whether the foundation concrete 8 is installed and the thickness is determined by the positive pressure due to the planned amount of flood in the river.

At this time, in order to attenuate the positive pressure as described above, the drain hole 14 as shown in FIG. 6 is installed in the base concrete 8. At this time, when the positive pressure is small, the drain hole 14 may be densely installed to omit the installation of the foundation concrete 8 itself.

In the construction method of the drain hole (14), after the installation of the PVC pipe 11 before the foundation concrete 8, the foundation concrete (8) is poured, and when the stone construction is smaller than the diameter of the PVC pipe (11) The drain hose 14 is formed by inserting the spiral hose 12 which is easily deformed.

According to such a drainage hole construction method, even when the natural stone 6 is placed on the drainage hole 14, the inlet of the drainage hole 14 can be prevented from being blocked.

The water overflow 3 to perform the function of the ecological passage as described above is arranged in such a way that the pool 16 is formed in the middle of the natural stones 6 as shown in FIG. The cross section of the flow can be enlarged to provide a place to slow the flow rate and to recover from the fatigue of the moving fish.

The pool 16 formed as described above may facilitate the movement of small fish, and allow the sand and gravel floating in the flood to remain at the bottom of the pool, thereby providing an ecological passage. In addition to the function of the fish can be provided as a habitat for fish.

At this time, the size of the natural stone (6) to be installed in the water overflow (3) is about 0.5 m 3 or more ideal, but in small rivers with a small flow rate, even if the size is smaller than this.

In addition, when natural stone is difficult to supply, it can also be used as a rolled stone processed blasted stone.

Since the natural stone 6 as described above is not constant in size and shape, it is necessary to adjust the height in order to install it in accordance with the planned height of the tumbler 3, so that the dolmen 13 as shown in FIG. 6 is used. can do.

In addition to the role of matching the height of the natural stone (6) has a role of securing the installation space required for connecting the drain hole (14) pre-installed in the foundation concrete (8).

Referring to the method of forming the pool 16 using the natural stone 6 as described above, as shown in the "C" portion shown in FIG. In order to secure the floor space of the (), and to have a natural stone (6) serving as a partition wall, such as the "A" part of Figs. 4a, 4b is arranged around its periphery.

At this time, in the "B" portion, which is a boundary point between the natural stone 6 and the natural stone 6 forming the partition wall, a passage through which fish can move is naturally formed.

That is, the fish jumps and moves between the pool 16 and the pool 16 through the passage "B".

At this time, in consideration of the landscape and the ecological environment of the fish, it is preferable not to expose the concrete floor of the lower part of the natural stone (6), for this purpose to lay a natural stone (6) of the wide form on the bottom of the pool 16, or In the case where the space between 6) and the natural stone 6 is greatly enlarged, by installing amber stones and gravel 15 together with the filling of the filling concrete 7 as shown in part “C” of FIG. 5, exposure may be prevented. have.

5 shows an example in which the concrete of the bottom surface of the pool 16 is exposed as it is, as an example for the purpose of the fishery function without considering the landscape.

Here, the filling concrete 7 which is poured on the base concrete 8 is fixed to the top of the base concrete 8, thereby preventing the natural stone 6 from being separated by the flow of water.

Looking at the flow of water and the flow of fish in the water overflow (3) consisting of the above structure as follows.

First, in the present invention in forming the grass 16 using the natural stone 6 as shown in Figure 4, in consideration of the characteristics of the fish species is formed by floating between the natural stone 6 and the natural stone (6).

At this time, the notch is taken in a valley shape, and serves as a passage through which fish and aquatic life move.

The portion "A" of FIG. 4 has a small flow velocity without far reaching the bubble region, and the portion "B" where the notch portion is formed has a long region of flowing water and has a large flow rate.

Therefore, the fish floats toward " B " having a high flow velocity, and then jumps and moves near the side wall of the portion " A "

At this time, when the shape of the natural stone 6 serving as a partition wall close to the spherical shape can minimize the bubble area, it is easy to move the fish.

In addition, the water stop wall 5 is a concrete structure installed at the lower end of the overflow 3, and serves to protect the structure of the adobe from the bottom scour.

3 is a front view of a natural adobe according to the present invention, as shown in the figure may form a parabolic esophagus having a predetermined curvature in the bottom shape of the beam.

Such parabolic fishnets allow for efficient response to changes in the flow rate of the stream. In the case of a river with a low flow rate or a river during the dry season, by concentrating water in the center of the esophagus, it is possible to secure the minimum depth required for fish movement even at a small flow rate.

For example, if we look at the rainfall characteristics of Korea, two-thirds of annual rainfall will be concentrated in June-August, and it will go from November to April next year. In addition, local migratory fishes are active in April-July, which maintains the river level and the feng shui level, but it is difficult to move the fish during the dry season.

Therefore, by installing a parabolic fish like in Figure 3, it is necessary to smoothly move the fish even in the low water.

At this time, the width of the parabolic aquatic bottom is narrowly designed to have the minimum depth required for the movement of the fish, and the width of the upper side is designed to be wide so that the average amount of water (a small amount of feng shui) flows.

In this case, when the width of the parabolic fish is widened, a variety of flow rates and depths are formed, thereby providing an environment suitable for the movement of low-fish, as well as fish with large and small swimming and jumping power.

It is preferable to install such parabolic fish on the deep sea line of the river, which is excellent in picking effect of fish because the main flow of fish (1) is kept constant. You have an advantage.

At the lower end of the adobe 1 of the present invention having the structure as described above, by installing the bottom protection hole 2 or the relaxation hole 10 as shown in Figure 2, scour due to the step between the lower end of the beam and the river bottom While the problem can be prevented, the step can be kept smooth to facilitate the movement of the fish.

The floor protector (2) is installed according to the gradient of rubble and stone, or install the stone on the top of the foundation concrete, or install a megalith on the top after the amber and rubble laying, concrete blocks or other Ready-made and gabion installation techniques can be used.

However, when the turbulence is strongly generated and it is difficult to solve the problem of riverbed scrubbing even in the above-described manner, the relaxation hole 10 may be installed to induce the kinetic energy of the water due to the fall.

At this time, the relief hole 10 may be installed using reinforced concrete, or natural stone.

1 (a) to (c) is a schematic diagram showing the adobe structure of the prior art.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a natural adobe according to the present invention.

3 is a front view of a natural adobe in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 4a, 4b is a schematic diagram showing the flow of water and the movement of fish during the installation of the pool according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the main portion showing a pull installation structure according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is an enlarged view showing the main portion showing the drain hole installation structure according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: beam 2: floor protector

3: water overflow 4: wall

5: exponential wall 6: natural stone

7: Filled concrete 8: Foundation concrete

9: Basic Rubble 10: Mitigator

11: PVC pipe 12: hose

13: doldrum 14: gutter

15: Gravel 16: Grass

Claims (8)

delete delete delete delete A water barrier wall 4 installed upstream of the beam for increasing water level and fresh water; A water fall (3) to form a pool (16) structure using natural stones in the lower portion of the water barrier wall (4) to slow the flow of water overflowing the water barrier wall (4) or to have a function of an ecological movement passage; And It is provided in the lower portion of the water fall (3), that is, downstream of the beam and includes a water stop wall (5) for preventing the separation of natural stone (6) and riverbed washing, The water fall 3 is provided with a nonwoven fabric and a foundation rubble 9 to secure a supporting force in the state of underwater saturation at the bottom thereof, and on the upper portion thereof, the foundation concrete 8 and the drain hole 14 for the purpose of protecting the structure from positive pressure. ) Is installed, the natural concrete (6) for fixing the free movement of fish and aquatic life on the base concrete (8) is fixed by the filling concrete (7) to maintain the shape of the pool (16), The foundation concrete (8) is provided with drainage holes (14) for reducing the positive pressure, before installing the foundation concrete (8) after installing the PVC pipe (11) so that the upper inlet corresponds to the pool above the natural stone When the foundation concrete 8 is poured and the stone construction is carried out, the drainage hole 14 is formed by inserting a spiral hose 12 smaller than the diameter of the PVC pipe 11 and easily deformable to form a drainage hole 14. . The method of claim 5, wherein the pool (16) is installed on the floor, the natural stone 6, characterized in that the natural stone (6) acting as a partition wall is arranged on the periphery On foot. delete delete

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