JP2011160787A - Efficiency improvement in plant cultivation method with seawater or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide A method for providing moisture to cultivation soil for plants by utilizing water vapor generated from sea water etc. <P>SOLUTION: The method includes improving efficiency of water vapor generation from sea water etc. by increasing kinetic energy contained in sea water and the like either by injecting air by aeration and the like into sea water etc., or by continuously or discontinuously irrigating and draining sea water and the like; ventilating it with unwoven fabric, felt and the like installed in the plant cultivation soil layer 1; and infiltrating the water vapor through the water retention filter 2 into the plant cultivation soil layer 1 by utilizing capillarity. In addition, the surface of cultivation soil aimed at preventing water evaporation is covered with a seat with the both functions of thermal shielding and thermal insulation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

    This invention adds the device which supplies water vapor | steam more efficiently to plant cultivation soil with respect to the already applied "plant cultivation method by seawater etc.".

  Already filed “Plant cultivation method using seawater” supplies moisture to plant cultivation soil using water vapor generated by natural evaporation of natural molecular (internal) kinetic energy such as seawater and natural passive solar thermal energy. It is a cultivation system that realizes the purpose of ultimate cost reduction. For this reason, construction of large-scale cultivated soil structures, production of complex system devices, additive materials for promoting water repellency and hydrophilicity of soil, and high-cost materials such as permeable membranes for separating moisture are also required It is an ultra-low cost system with no extra initial costs and running costs, and it is an epoch-making system with no restrictions on installation location or scale.

    An outline of the technique in “plant cultivation method using seawater” will be described. Seawater or the like generates water vapor by natural evaporation of about 30 g in a space of 1 cubic meter at a water temperature of 30 ° C. even in a sealed space under normal conditions due to its internal energy.

  The water vapor naturally evaporated from the seawater or the like supplied to this space passes through a filter with good air permeability provided above the non-sealed by the waterproof layer. In the process of permeation, it becomes water droplets and is absorbed into the cultivated soil in close contact with the filter by capillarity, moving upward and supplying moisture.

  As long as internal energy such as seawater exists, water vapor continues to evaporate into the space and continues to supply moisture to the cultivated soil via the filter.

In cultivated soil supplied with water in the form of water vapor from seawater etc., water molecules diffuse into the cultivated soil by capillary action and are supplied to the roots of the plant, and the plant obtains water essential for growth from seawater etc. It can be done.
Water vapor is supplied to the plant cultivation part by direct contact.

  Patent application number 2009-299319

  In the method of “plant cultivation with seawater” described above, inherent internal energy such as seawater is used to the last, so there are inevitably certain restrictions on the evaporation amount and evaporation rate of water vapor. It was. While aiming to eliminate these restrictions, the aim is to improve the efficiency by supplying the generated water vapor to the plant-cultivated soil more efficiently and to carry out more efficient plant cultivation.

  A method for increasing the internal energy of seawater to improve the efficiency of evaporation and generation of water vapor using internal energy such as molecular motion inherent in seawater, etc. As described above, by injecting air into the seawater or the like, or injecting or draining the seawater or the like continuously or intermittently, fluidization inside the layer of seawater or the like is promoted and kinetic energy is increased.

  In order to efficiently supply water molecules to the plant cultivation layer, a triangular or semicircular arch-shaped groove is provided in the ventilation filter to increase the filter area through which water vapor evaporated from seawater can pass and at the same time plant cultivation in the upper part By increasing the contact area between the layer and the filter, the efficiency of supplying water vapor to the plant-cultivated soil is improved.

  Water vapor that has penetrated into the plant cultivation layer by capillarity rises to the surface of the cultivated soil surface by capillarity, and evaporates from the surface to the atmosphere. If such moisture is diffused into the atmosphere, the moisture required for plant cultivation is wasted, so a sheet for preventing moisture evaporation is applied to the surface of the cultivation soil. This sheet also serves as a heat insulating and heat insulating sheet for adjusting the temperature of the cultivated soil.

Conceptual diagram showing the concept of “Night Plant Cultivation Methods such as Seawater” system implementation with the improvement of the present invention Conceptual diagram showing the concept of “Night Plant Cultivation Methods such as Seawater” system implementation with the improvement of the present invention

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In FIGS. 1 and 2, (6) is a waterproof layer that prevents outflow of seawater or the like and water vapor to the outside, (4) is seawater or the like, and (3) is a constant volume to ensure natural evaporation of seawater or the like. (2) is a non-woven fabric and other hydrophilic filter overlaid with a filter such as a breathable net, which prevents the outflow of the cultivation soil of (1) and simultaneously absorbs and contacts water vapor. It supplies water to the cultivated soil. The soil material of (1) is not selected as long as it has good water permeability and water retention that is usually used in plant cultivation. (5) is a sheet that suppresses moisture evaporation and adjusts the temperature of the cultivated soil of (1). (7) is an aeration apparatus (air stone or the like) for increasing the kinetic energy of seawater or the like.

  (4) Seawater, etc. generates about 30 g of water vapor due to natural evaporation in a space of 1 cubic meter at a water temperature of 30 ° C. even in a sealed space under normal conditions, and supplies water vapor to the space of (3) To do.

  The water vapor naturally evaporated from the seawater etc. of (4) supplied to the space of (3) is provided with the air-permeable filter (2) and hydrophilicity provided above (not sealed) by the waterproof layer of (6). -Collected intensively on composite filters rich in water retention.

  The water accumulated in (2) supplies water to the plant cultivation soil in contact with (1) by capillary action. Moreover, the water | moisture content obtained from the seawater by the hydrophilic and water retention filter of (2) diffuses in the state close | similar to the whole filter equally, and can be supplied almost uniformly and efficiently to the cultivation soil of (1) which contacts. .

  Further, the internal energy of the seawater or the like of (4) is activated and increased by fluidizing the aeration apparatus of (7) and / or the seawater of (4) by water supply / drainage or the like.

  For this reason, due to the internal energy of (4), (4) continues to supply water vapor to the cultivation soil of (1) via the space of (3) and the filter of (2).

  Thus, in the cultivated soil of (1) supplied with water vapor from seawater or the like in (4), water vapor (water molecules) diffuses into the cultivated soil by capillary action and permeation to supply moisture to the plant roots. This means that plants can obtain water essential for growth more efficiently from seawater.

  And the water vapor (water molecule) supplied to the cultivation soil of (1) by capillarity suppresses spreading | diffusion in air | atmosphere (5) Even if it rises to the ground surface with a moisture evaporation prevention sheet, (1) It is possible to supply water to the plant-cultivated soil, and water can be supplied more efficiently.

Claims (4)

  A method for increasing the internal energy of seawater to improve the efficiency of evaporation and generation of water vapor using internal energy such as molecular motion inherent in seawater, etc. As described above, by injecting air into the seawater or the like, or injecting or draining the seawater or the like continuously or intermittently, fluidization inside the layer of seawater or the like is promoted and kinetic energy is increased.   As an improvement of the above-mentioned already-applied system, in order to efficiently supply water molecules to the plant cultivation layer, a triangular or semicircular arch-shaped groove is provided in the ventilation filter so that water vapor evaporated from seawater can pass through. By increasing the area where the upper plant cultivation layer and the filter are in contact with each other, the efficiency of supplying water vapor to the plant cultivation soil is improved.   Water vapor that has penetrated into the plant cultivation layer by capillarity rises to the surface of the cultivated soil surface by capillarity, and evaporates from the surface to the atmosphere. If such moisture diffuses into the atmosphere, the amount of moisture required for plant cultivation is wasted, so a sheet for preventing moisture evaporation is applied to the surface of the cultivated soil. This sheet also serves as a heat insulating and heat insulating sheet for adjusting the temperature of the cultivated soil.   The filter that divides the cultivation soil and the space containing seawater, etc. uses non-woven fabric, felt, etc. that have both water aeration and water retention properties to prevent soil falling and outflow and to the whole plant cultivation soil. Provide the function of supplying moisture evenly.