JP2011116602A - Concrete forming assistant - Google Patents

Concrete forming assistant Download PDF

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JP2011116602A
JP2011116602A JP2009276877A JP2009276877A JP2011116602A JP 2011116602 A JP2011116602 A JP 2011116602A JP 2009276877 A JP2009276877 A JP 2009276877A JP 2009276877 A JP2009276877 A JP 2009276877A JP 2011116602 A JP2011116602 A JP 2011116602A
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concrete
molding
mass
mold
cement
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Yutaka Nakajima
裕 中島
Kazuhiko Nakahara
和彦 中原
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Taiheiyo Materials Corp
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Taiheiyo Materials Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forming assistant for concrete by which forming efficiency is improved without hindering the performance of concrete or a condition as a formed material even in forming and placing at a relatively high temperature. <P>SOLUTION: The concrete forming assistant contains a retarder using (A) 3CaO-2Na<SB>2</SB>O-5Al<SB>2</SB>O<SB>3</SB>, (B) an alkali metal carbonate and (C) lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof as effective ingredients and further can contain (D) gypsum and/or (E) alkali metal aluminate in a material containing (A)-(C). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、型枠成形用コンクリートに配合する成形助剤に関する。   The present invention relates to a molding aid blended with formwork concrete.

セメント系のコンクリート成形物を得るには、一般には所望形状の型枠にフレッシュ状態のコンクリートを流し込み、硬化後脱型する。大量に成形物を製造するときは生産性向上のため型枠の使用効率(再使用回転率)を高めたく、できるだけ短時間で脱型できると有利である。最も効果がある早期脱型方策として、硬化時間を短縮できる速硬成分をコンクリートへ配合することが挙げられる。成形用コンクリートは型枠内の隅々まで斑無くスムーズに充填できる必要があり、一定時間は型枠打設に適した流動性であるよう調整可能でなければならない。このためには、セメント凝結時間を所望値に設定し易く、高い短時間強度を発現できる速硬成分の使用が要求される。さらに、保形性確保の点から脱型時に成形物表層が型枠に付着して剥がれることがなく、且つ長期強度の伸びも良い等の特性も望まれる。これらの特性を具備するに適した速硬成分として3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23を主剤とする硬化促進剤が知られている。(例えば、特許文献1〜3参照。)そして、特許文献1〜3には、この硬化促進剤の凝結開始時間の調整にポリカルボン酸系遅延剤を使用すると、コンクリートの流動性の早期低下を防ぎ、成形打設に適した流動状態が維持される時間(以下、可使時間という。)を暫くの間確保できることが開示されている。しかし、この方法では、確保できる可使時間の割にはポリカルボン酸系遅延剤の添加量をかなり多く必要となるため、混練後のコンクリートはスランプフローが高くなり過ぎて、強度の伸びが得られ難い。さらに材料分離も起こり易くなり、高温下では特に分離化が強まる。また、成形物を得るためのコンクリートは保形性確保の点から高強度が要求され、通例的には使用セメント量に対する水の配合割合を低くした低水比のコンクリートを用いるが、低水比ほど流動性は失われるので、流動状態を得る上で減水剤類の配合が不可欠となっている。例えば、アルミナセメント、カルシウムアルミネートと石膏、カルシウムサルフォアルミネートなどの速硬成分を含む成形用コンクリートに、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物又はその塩を有効成分とする減水剤を使用すると(例えば、特許文献4参照。)、低水比配合コンクリートの流動性が確保できる。ナフタレンスルホン酸系の減水剤は凝結遅延作用が殆ど無いので可使時間確保には適さないため、この減水剤にポリカルボン酸系の減水剤を併用し、可使時間を発現させることも知られている。(例えば、特許文献1参照。)しかし、可使時間を長くするにはポリカルボン酸系減水剤の配合量をかなり増大させねばならず、この場合、ポリカルボン酸系遅延剤を配合したときと概ね同様の挙動を示し、スランプフローが高くなり過ぎ、且つ材料分離が起こり易くなる。増粘性物質等の分離抑制剤の配合で材料分離を抑制できるが、例えば30℃以上のように高い温度下では材料分離を十分抑制できず、脱型時に分離発生部を中心とする成形物の一部が付着したまま剥がれ易くなり、成形物に表面荒れや欠けを生じる。また、型枠付着物の洗浄に手間もかかることから型枠使用率低下の要因にもなる。このように成形用のコンクリートに適した速硬物質を用いても、併用成分の選択如何によっては、期待される性状が発現されないことも多々あり、成形効率の大幅な向上には繋がり難かった。 In order to obtain a cement-based concrete molded product, generally, fresh concrete is poured into a mold having a desired shape, and is demolded after curing. When producing molded articles in large quantities, it is advantageous to increase the use efficiency (reuse rotation rate) of the mold for improving productivity, and it is advantageous to remove the mold in as short a time as possible. The most effective early demolding strategy is to mix a fast-hardening component that can shorten the curing time into concrete. The concrete for molding needs to be able to be filled smoothly without any spots in the formwork, and for a certain period of time, it must be adjustable so as to have fluidity suitable for formwork placement. For this purpose, it is required to use a fast-hardening component that can easily set the cement setting time to a desired value and can develop high strength for a short time. Further, from the viewpoint of ensuring shape retention, characteristics such that the surface layer of the molded product does not adhere to and peel off from the mold at the time of demolding, and good long-term strength is also desired. Curing accelerator to main agent 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 as a rapid setting components suitable for including these characteristics is known. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 3.) In Patent Documents 1 to 3, if a polycarboxylic acid-based retarder is used to adjust the setting start time of the curing accelerator, the fluidity of the concrete is rapidly reduced. It is disclosed that a time during which a fluid state suitable for molding and placing is maintained (hereinafter referred to as pot life) can be secured for a while. However, in this method, a considerably large amount of polycarboxylic acid-based retarder is required for the available pot life, so that the concrete after kneading has a too high slump flow, resulting in an increase in strength. It's hard to be done. Furthermore, material separation is likely to occur, and separation is particularly strong at high temperatures. In addition, the concrete used to obtain the molded product is required to have high strength from the viewpoint of ensuring shape retention. Typically, low-concrete concrete with a low mixing ratio of water to the amount of cement used is used. Since fluidity is lost so much, it is indispensable to add water reducing agents to obtain a fluid state. For example, when a water reducing agent containing naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is used for concrete for molding containing quick-hardening components such as alumina cement, calcium aluminate and gypsum, calcium sulfoaluminate (for example, Patent Document 4)), fluidity of the low water ratio blended concrete can be secured. Naphthalene sulfonic acid-based water reducing agents are not suitable for securing the usable life because they have almost no setting retarding action, and it is also known that polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agents are used in combination with this water reducing agent to develop the usable life. ing. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1) However, in order to increase the pot life, the blending amount of the polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent must be considerably increased. In this case, when a polycarboxylic acid-based retarder is blended, In general, the same behavior is exhibited, the slump flow becomes too high, and material separation easily occurs. The material separation can be suppressed by blending a separation inhibitor such as a thickening substance, but the material separation cannot be sufficiently suppressed at a high temperature such as 30 ° C. or higher. It becomes easy to peel off with a part attached, resulting in surface roughness and chipping in the molded product. In addition, since it takes time to clean the deposits on the mold, it also causes a decrease in the mold usage rate. Thus, even if a fast-hardening material suitable for molding concrete is used, depending on the selection of the combined components, the expected properties may not be exhibited in many cases, and it has been difficult to significantly improve the molding efficiency.

特開平04−26536号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-26536 特開平07−89755号公報JP 07-89755 A 特開平07−315899号公報JP 07-315899 A 特開2001−294469号公報JP 2001-294469 A

本発明の課題は、コンクリート性状や成形物としての状態に支障を及ぼすことなく成形効率を高めることができるコンクリート用の成形助剤を提供することである。より具体的には、コンクリートに混和配合することにより、高温下でも材料分離を起こさずに型枠成形に適した流動性が得られ、当該流動性を呈する時間を十分確保することができ、また高い早期強度発現性を有して早期脱型可能であり、脱型時に型枠に付着したまま剥がれることもなく、堅牢な保形性を有する成形物が得られ、且つ使用後の型枠も十分再使用に値する状態を維持可能となるようなコンクリートを得るための成形助剤を提供することである。   The subject of this invention is providing the shaping | molding adjuvant for concrete which can improve shaping | molding efficiency, without affecting the concrete property and the state as a molding. More specifically, by mixing and blending with concrete, fluidity suitable for molding can be obtained without causing material separation even at high temperatures, and sufficient time for exhibiting the fluidity can be secured. It has high early strength and is capable of early demolding, and does not peel off while remaining attached to the mold at the time of demolding, so that a molded product having a strong shape retaining property can be obtained. It is to provide a molding aid for obtaining concrete that can maintain a state sufficiently worth re-use.

本発明者は、前記課題解決のため検討を重ねた結果、3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23を有効成分とする特定の速硬物質と特定の遅延剤を含有した成形助剤を混和した成形用コンクリートが、高温下でもコンクリートの性状に支障を及ぼすことなく、型枠を使用した成形物の製造効率を著しく高めることができるという知見から本発明を完成させた。 The present inventor has repeated studies for the problem solving was admixed molding aid containing a particular retarder and specific rapid-substance containing, as an active ingredient, 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 The present invention has been completed based on the knowledge that molding concrete can remarkably increase the production efficiency of a molded product using a mold without affecting the properties of the concrete even at high temperatures.

即ち、本発明は、次の[1]〜[3]で表すコンクリート成形助剤及び次の[4]で表す成形用コンクリートである。
[1](A)3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23、(B)アルカリ金属炭酸塩及び(C)リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤を含有してなるコンクリート成形助剤。
[2]さらに、(D)石膏類を含有してなる前記[1]のコンクリート成形助剤。
[3]さらに、(E)アルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を含有してなる前記[1]又は[2]のコンクリート成形助剤。
[4]前記[1]〜[3]何れかのコンクリート成形助剤と、セメント及び骨材を含有してなる成形用コンクリート。
That is, the present invention is a concrete forming aid represented by the following [1] to [3] and a molding concrete represented by the following [4].
[1] (A) 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3, (B) an alkali metal carbonate and (C) lignosulfonate or concrete forming aids comprising a retarder to a salt thereof as an active ingredient .
[2] The concrete forming aid according to [1], further comprising (D) gypsum.
[3] The concrete forming aid according to [1] or [2], further comprising (E) an alkali metal aluminate.
[4] A molding concrete comprising the concrete forming aid according to any one of [1] to [3], cement and aggregate.

本発明のコンクリート成形助剤を使用したコンクリートは、型枠への打設も型枠成形に適した流動性を打設作業に必要な間は十分確保することができ、しかも高温下でも材料分離を起こさず、また脱型までの時間もかなり短くでき、型枠に成形物が付着して表層部が剥がれることなく脱型でき、保形性も良好であることから成形不良率も低い。さらには、成形使用した型枠も破損・変形が起こらないことに加え、成形物の付着残渣が殆ど無いので洗浄も容易であるため繰り返し使用が可能で、且つ再使用までの時間や労力も短縮でき、総じて成形効率を高くすることができる。   The concrete using the concrete forming aid of the present invention can ensure the fluidity suitable for casting as well as casting, as long as it is necessary for the casting work, and material separation even at high temperatures In addition, the time until demolding can be considerably shortened, the mold can be demolded without being attached to the mold and the surface layer part is not peeled off, and the shape retention is good, so the molding defect rate is low. Furthermore, in addition to the molded and used molds not being damaged or deformed, there is almost no adhesion residue of the molded product, so it is easy to clean and can be used repeatedly, and the time and labor until reuse are shortened. In general, the molding efficiency can be increased.

本発明のコンクリート成形助剤に使用される(A)3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23は、主要な速硬性付与物質であり、例えば次のような方法で得られる鉱物である。CaO源として、例えば石灰石粉、炭酸カルシウム、消石灰又は生石灰等を用い、Na2O源として、例えば炭酸ナトリウム又は水酸化ナトリウム等を用い、Al23源として、例えばアルミナ粉、炭酸アルミニウム、水酸化アルミニウム又はボーキサイト等を用い、これらをモル比でCaO:Na2O:Al23=3:2:5となるように混合し、1150℃以上で加熱することで得られる。3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23は、ブレーンが2000〜8000cm2/gのものが、反応活性が高くなり過ぎて凝結時間の調整が困難になることが無く、また反応活性が低すぎて硬化時間が長引くことがないので好ましい。3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23に限らず、本発明で使用する粉体のブレーンの調整は、例えばボールミル等による粉砕と空気分級や篩分け等によって行うことができる。また、本コンクリート成形助剤中の3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23の含有量は、10〜70質量%が好ましい。より好ましくは10〜60質量%とする。10質量%未満では早期脱型が困難なので適当ではなく、また70質量%を超えると、スランプロスが大きくなり、とりわけ温度が高いほど型枠成形に適した流動性がコンクリート混練直後から得難くなる可能性が高まるため適当ではない。 As used in the concrete forming aid of the present invention (A) 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 is the major fast-curing imparting substance, such as mineral obtained in the following manner. As the CaO source, for example, limestone powder, calcium carbonate, slaked lime or quick lime is used, for example, sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide is used as the Na 2 O source, and as the Al 2 O 3 source, for example, alumina powder, aluminum carbonate, water It can be obtained by using aluminum oxide, bauxite, or the like and mixing them at a molar ratio of CaO: Na 2 O: Al 2 O 3 = 3: 2: 5 and heating at 1150 ° C. or higher. 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 , the brain is the thing of 2000~8000cm 2 / g, reaction activity becomes too high without that the adjustment of the setting time becomes difficult, also the reaction activity is too low This is preferable because the curing time is not prolonged. Not limited to 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3, Blaine adjustment of the powder used in the present invention can be carried out by, for example, a ball mill grinding and air classification and sieving due. The content of 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 in the concrete forming aid is preferably 10 to 70 wt%. More preferably, it is 10-60 mass%. If it is less than 10% by mass, it is not suitable because early demolding is difficult, and if it exceeds 70% by mass, the slump loss increases. In particular, the higher the temperature, the more difficult it is to obtain fluidity suitable for mold forming immediately after concrete mixing. It is not appropriate because the possibility increases.

また、本発明のコンクリート成形助剤に使用される(B)アルカリ金属炭酸塩は、炭酸リチウム、炭酸カリウム又は炭酸ナトリウムの何れか一種であり、また二種以上用いても良い。アルカリ金属炭酸塩は、前記(A)との併用でコンクリートの凝結を促進し、特に凝結始発から終結までの間の時間短縮することに寄与する他、詳細後述する(C)リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤との組み合わせによりスランプロス防止作用を発現し、且つ高温環境下での脱型時の型枠へのコンクリート付着抑制に寄与する。アルカリ金属炭酸塩は、ブレーンが500〜8000cm2/gのものが、溶解速度が遅過ぎず、また潮解し難いので好ましい。また、本コンクリート成形助剤中のアルカリ金属炭酸塩の含有量は、5〜50質量%が好ましい。より好ましくは5〜40質量%とする。5質量%未満ではスランプロス防止作用が殆ど得られないことがあるで適当ではなく、また50質量%を超えると速硬性が低下し、脱型時間が長くなり適当ではない。 Moreover, the (B) alkali metal carbonate used in the concrete forming aid of the present invention is any one of lithium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or sodium carbonate, and two or more kinds may be used. The alkali metal carbonate promotes the setting of the concrete in combination with the above (A), and particularly contributes to shortening the time from the start to the end of setting. In addition, (C) lignin sulfonic acid or its Combined with a retarder containing salt as an active ingredient, it exerts an effect of preventing slump loss and contributes to the suppression of concrete adhesion to the mold during demolding in a high temperature environment. Alkali metal carbonates having a brane of 500 to 8000 cm 2 / g are preferred because the dissolution rate is not too slow and it is difficult to deliquesce. Moreover, as for content of the alkali metal carbonate in this concrete shaping | molding adjuvant, 5-50 mass% is preferable. More preferably, the content is 5 to 40% by mass. If it is less than 5% by mass, the effect of preventing the slump loss may be hardly obtained, and it is not appropriate. If it exceeds 50% by mass, the rapid curing is lowered and the demolding time becomes long.

また、本発明のコンクリート成形助剤に使用される(C)リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤は、セメント等の水硬性物質に凝結遅延を起こさせる作用を有するものであれば、何れのリグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とするものでも良い。例えば、リグニンスルホン酸系減水剤(高性能減水剤等を含む)と称されている市販品であっても、多少とも遅延作用を有するものであれば、本発明では使用することが可能である。リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤は、前記(A)3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23との併用によって、所望の可使時間を設定することが容易となり、例えばポリカルボン酸系の遅延剤と前記(A)成分を併用したときと比べ、配合量を多くしても、流動性状に殆ど変動を及ぼすことなく可使時間をより長くできるのでスランプフロー過剰となることは無く、また硬化時間への影響も少ないので良好な保形性の成形物を比較的短時間の成形で得ることができる。しかも、ポリカルボン酸系の遅延剤や減水剤の使用では高温になるほど発生し易い材料分離を、リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤の使用で。例えば30℃以上の高温下での打設でも十分抑制することができる。また、本コンクリート成形助剤中のリグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤の含有量は、1〜10質量%が好ましい。より好ましくは2〜8質量%とする。1質量%未満では所望の可使時間や成形に適した流動性確保が困難となるので適当でなく、また10質量%を超えると凝結時間に影響を及ぼす可能性があり、成形時間の長期化を起こすので適当ではない。 In addition, the retarder having (C) lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient used in the concrete forming aid of the present invention has an effect of causing a setting delay in a hydraulic substance such as cement. Any lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof may be used as an active ingredient. For example, even a commercially available product called a lignin sulfonic acid-based water reducing agent (including a high-performance water reducing agent) can be used in the present invention as long as it has a somewhat delayed action. . Retarder of lignin sulfonic acid or the salt thereof is the combination with the (A) 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3, it is easy to set the desired pot life, for example polycarboxylic Compared to the case where the acid type retarder and the component (A) are used in combination, even if the blending amount is increased, the pot life can be prolonged with almost no change in the flow properties, so that the slump flow is excessive. There is no influence on the curing time, and a molded article having good shape retention can be obtained in a relatively short time. In addition, the use of a retarder containing lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient enables material separation that tends to occur at higher temperatures when using a polycarboxylic acid-based retarder or water reducing agent. For example, it can be sufficiently suppressed even at a high temperature of 30 ° C. or higher. The content of the retarder containing lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient in the concrete forming aid is preferably 1 to 10% by mass. More preferably, the content is 2 to 8% by mass. If it is less than 1% by mass, it is difficult to secure the desired working time and fluidity suitable for molding, and if it exceeds 10% by mass, it may affect the setting time, and the molding time will be prolonged. Is not appropriate.

本発明のコンクリート成形助剤は、前記(A)〜(C)の成分を必須含有するものである。   The concrete forming aid of the present invention essentially contains the components (A) to (C).

また、本発明のコンクリート成形助剤は、前記(A)〜(C)の成分に加え、さらに(D)石膏類を含有するものであることが好ましい。石膏類としては無水石膏、半水石膏、二水石膏が挙げられ、何れも使用できる。好ましくは可使時間を長く確保できることから無水石膏を使用する。また、任意の二種以上を使用しても良い。石膏類の使用により強度の伸びが増長され、脱型時の成形物表層部等の破損を防ぎ、堅牢な保形性の成形物が得られる。この他、材料分離抑制作用や凝結開始時間の遅延化作用も有する。石膏類のブレーンは1500〜10000cm2/gのものが、可使時間の確保と高い強度発現を同時に達成し易くなることから好ましい。また、本コンクリート成形助剤中の石膏類の含有量は、20〜80質量%が好ましい。より好ましくは30〜70質量%とする。20質量%未満では配合効果が殆ど見られない。また80質量%を超えると他成分の含有量が低くなり過ぎ、早期脱型を始めとする本発明による効果が全般に得難くなることがあるので適当ではない。 Moreover, it is preferable that the concrete shaping | molding adjuvant of this invention contains (D) gypsum further in addition to the component of said (A)-(C). Examples of the gypsum include anhydrous gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, and dihydrate gypsum, and any of them can be used. Preferably, anhydrous gypsum is used because a long pot life can be secured. Moreover, you may use arbitrary 2 or more types. The use of gypsum increases the elongation of strength, prevents damage to the surface layer of the molded product at the time of demolding, and provides a molded product having a strong shape retention. In addition, it also has an effect of suppressing material separation and an effect of delaying the setting start time. The gypsum brane is preferably from 1500 to 10000 cm 2 / g because it is easy to ensure the pot life and achieve high strength at the same time. Moreover, as for content of gypsum in this concrete shaping | molding adjuvant, 20-80 mass% is preferable. More preferably, the content is 30 to 70% by mass. If it is less than 20% by mass, the blending effect is hardly seen. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80% by mass, the content of other components becomes too low, and the effects of the present invention including early demolding may be difficult to obtain in general, which is not appropriate.

また、本発明のコンクリート成形助剤は、前記(A)〜(C)の成分又は前記(A)〜(D)の成分に加え、さらに、(E)アルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を含有するものであることが好ましい。アルカリ金属アルミン酸塩としては、アルミン酸リチウム、アルミン酸カリウム又はアルミン酸ナトリウムの何れか一種であり、また二種以上用いても良い。アルカリ金属アルミン酸塩は、ブレーンが5000〜50000cm2/gのものが、溶解度と潮解性のバランスを図り易いことから好ましい。ブレーンが5000cm2/g未満では、溶解が遅くなり配合効果が十分得られないことがある。また50000cm2/gを超えるブレーンでは潮解する虞があるので適当ではない。アルカリ金属アルミン酸塩は、前記(A)との併用で、型枠成形中の成形物表層の硬化を促進すると共に短時間強度を増長し、早期脱型による成形物表面の崩れ・荒れを防ぐことに寄与する。また、本コンクリート成形助剤中のアルカリ金属アルミン酸塩の含有量は、2〜10質量%が好ましい。より好ましくは3〜8質量%とする。2質量%未満では配合効果が殆ど得られない。また10質量%を超えると高温になるほど型枠成形に適したコンクリートの流動性が得られ難くなるのことがあるので適当ではない。 In addition to the components (A) to (C) or the components (A) to (D), the concrete forming aid of the present invention further contains (E) an alkali metal aluminate. Preferably there is. The alkali metal aluminate is one kind of lithium aluminate, potassium aluminate or sodium aluminate, and two or more kinds may be used. Alkali metal aluminates having a brane of 5000 to 50000 cm 2 / g are preferred because it is easy to achieve a balance between solubility and deliquescence. If the brane is less than 5000 cm 2 / g, dissolution may be delayed and the blending effect may not be sufficiently obtained. In addition, branes exceeding 50000 cm 2 / g are not suitable because they may be deliquescent. Alkali metal aluminate, when used in combination with (A) above, accelerates the hardening of the surface layer of the molded product during molding and increases the strength for a short time, preventing the molded product from collapsing and roughening due to early demolding. It contributes to that. Further, the content of the alkali metal aluminate in the concrete forming aid is preferably 2 to 10% by mass. More preferably, the content is 3 to 8% by mass. If it is less than 2% by mass, almost no blending effect can be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by mass, the fluidity of the concrete suitable for mold forming may become difficult to obtain as the temperature becomes higher, which is not appropriate.

また、本発明のコンクリート成形助剤は、本発明の効果を喪失させない限り、前記(A)〜(E)以外の成分を含有するものであっても良い。このような成分の好適一例を示すと、強度発現性向上や材料分離抑制の向上が見られることから消石灰の配合を挙げることができる。   Moreover, the concrete shaping | molding adjuvant of this invention may contain components other than said (A)-(E), unless the effect of this invention is lost. If a suitable example of such a component is shown, the improvement of strength development and the improvement of material separation suppression can be seen, so that slaked lime can be added.

また、本発明の成形用コンクリートは、セメント及び骨材に前記何れかの本発明のコンクリート成形助剤を含有させたものである。セメントは何れのセメントでも使用でき、例えば普通、早強、超早強、中庸熱、低熱等のポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント等の各種混合セメント、白色セメントやエコセメント等の特殊セメントなどが挙げられる。また骨材は、モルタルやコンクリートに使用可能な骨材であれば天然、人工、再生等の何れの骨材でも用いることができ、特に限定されない。前記のコンクリート成形助剤の含有量は、セメント100質量部に対し、2〜20質量部が好ましく、3〜15質量部が最も好ましい。2質量部未満では、早期脱型ができないことがあるので適当ではなく、また20質量部を超えると成形型枠への充填に適した流動性のコンクリートが得られない虞があるため適当ではない。また、コンクリートに高い強度を発現させるため、混練水の配合量を、セメント及び水和反応活性物質100質量部に対し、20〜80質量部とするのが望ましい。20質量部未満では成形に適した流動性を得るのが困難になり、80質量部を超えると高強度化が達成し難くなるので適当ではない。   Moreover, the concrete for molding of the present invention comprises cement and aggregate containing any one of the above-described concrete molding aids of the present invention. As the cement, any cement can be used, and examples thereof include portland cement such as normal, early strength, very early strength, moderate heat, and low heat, various mixed cements such as blast furnace cement, and special cements such as white cement and eco-cement. The aggregate can be any aggregate such as natural, artificial and regenerated as long as it can be used for mortar and concrete, and is not particularly limited. The content of the concrete forming aid is preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass, and most preferably 3 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. If it is less than 2 parts by mass, it is not suitable because early demolding may not be possible, and if it exceeds 20 parts by mass, fluid concrete suitable for filling a molding die may not be obtained. . Moreover, in order to make concrete show high intensity | strength, it is desirable that the compounding quantity of kneading | mixing water shall be 20-80 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of cement and a hydration reaction active substance. If it is less than 20 parts by mass, it will be difficult to obtain fluidity suitable for molding, and if it exceeds 80 parts by mass, it will be difficult to achieve high strength.

また、本発明の成形用コンクリートは、本発明の効果を喪失させない限り、上記以外の成分を含有するものであっても良く、このような成分として、例えば、何れもモルタルやコンクリートに使用できる増粘剤、減水剤、消泡剤、空気連行剤、膨張剤、収縮低減剤、ポゾラン反応性物質、スラグ微粉、短繊維等を挙げることができる。   In addition, the molding concrete of the present invention may contain components other than those described above as long as the effects of the present invention are not lost. As such components, for example, any of these can be used for mortar and concrete. Examples thereof include a viscosity agent, a water reducing agent, an antifoaming agent, an air entraining agent, a swelling agent, a shrinkage reducing agent, a pozzolanic reactive substance, slag fine powder, and short fibers.

以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に詳しく説明するが、本発明はここに表す実施例に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples shown here.

次に表すA1〜Fから選定される材料を用い、表1の配合量となるよう、ヘンシェル型ミキサで常温下で約3分間乾式混合し、成形助剤を作製した。
A1;3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23(製造方法は、特開平4−26536号公報明細書の実施例1に記載(第3頁左下欄第20行〜右下欄第12行)された方法に準拠した。)
A2;アルミナセメント(ブレーン3950cm2/g、ケルネオス社製)
B1;炭酸ナトリウム(ブレーン1100cm2/g、市販試薬)
B2;炭酸カリウム(ブレーン1500cm2/g、市販試薬)
C1;リグニンスルホン酸塩を有効成分とする遅延剤I(商品名「ポゾリスNo.8」、BASFポゾリス社製)
C2;リグニンスルホン酸塩を有効成分とする遅延剤II(商品名「バニレックス」、日本製紙ケミカル社製)
C3;ポリカルボン酸系遅延剤(商品名「クインフロー」、日本ゼオン社製)
C4;オキシカルボン酸塩系遅延剤(商品名「ジェットセッター」、小野田ケミコ社製)
C5;ナフタレンスルホン酸塩系高性能減水剤(商品名「マイティ100」、花王社製)
D1;二水石膏(ブレーン2000cm2/g、市販試薬)
D2;II型無水石膏(ブレーン4250cm2/g、市販試薬)
E1;アルミン酸ナトリウム(ブレーン1430cm2/g、市販試薬)
E2;アルミン酸カリウム(ブレーン1350cm2/g、市販試薬)
F;消石灰(ブレーン10000cm2/g、市販試薬)
Using materials selected from the following A1 to F, dry blending was performed for about 3 minutes at room temperature with a Henschel mixer so as to obtain the blending amounts shown in Table 1 to prepare molding aids.
A1; 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 ( manufacturing method described in Example 1 of JP-A-4-26536 JP specification (page 3, left lower column line 20 - right lower column line 12) are According to the method.)
A2: Alumina cement (Blaine 3950 cm 2 / g, manufactured by Kerneos)
B1; sodium carbonate (brane 1100 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)
B2: potassium carbonate (brane 1500 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)
C1: Delay agent I containing lignin sulfonate as an active ingredient (trade name “Pozoris No. 8”, manufactured by BASF Pozzolith)
C2: retarder II containing lignin sulfonate as an active ingredient (trade name “Vanilex”, manufactured by Nippon Paper Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
C3: polycarboxylic acid type retarder (trade name “Quinflow”, manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.)
C4: Oxycarboxylate-based retarder (trade name “Jet Setter”, manufactured by Onoda Chemico)
C5: Naphthalenesulfonate-based high-performance water reducing agent (trade name “Mighty 100”, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
D1; dihydrate gypsum (brane 2000 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)
D2; type II anhydrous gypsum (brane 4250 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)
E1; sodium aluminate (brane 1430 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)
E2: Potassium aluminate (Blaine 1350 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)
F: Slaked lime (Blaine 10000 cm 2 / g, commercially available reagent)

Figure 2011116602
Figure 2011116602

作製した各成形助剤を普通ポルトランドセメント(太平洋セメント社製)100質量部に対し、12質量部添加し、さらに水35質量部を加え、32℃(±1℃)の環境下でハンドミキサー(1000rpm.)にて約1分間混練し、セメントペーストを得た。JASS15M−10に準拠した方法で、同じ温度下で混練終了時から15分後に該セメントペーストのフロー値を測定した。また、該セメントペーストを混練終了時から15分後に底を有する内径5cmで高さ10cmの円筒管に流し込み充填を試みた。流動性不足により流し込み充填できなかったものを「成形不能」とし、充填できたものは32℃の温度下で混練終了時から1時間円筒管ごと静置させた後、円筒管の表面にブリーディング水が湧いているかを目視で調べた。ブリーディング水が全く認められなかったものを材料分離「無」とし、それ以外の状態となっていたものは材料分離「有」と判断した。以上の結果を表2に記す。   12 parts by mass of each of the produced molding aids was added to 100 parts by mass of ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd.), 35 parts by mass of water was further added, and a hand mixer (32 ° C. (± 1 ° C.)) The mixture was kneaded at 1000 rpm for about 1 minute to obtain a cement paste. The flow value of the cement paste was measured 15 minutes after the end of kneading at the same temperature by a method based on JASS15M-10. Further, 15 minutes after the end of kneading, the cement paste was poured into a cylindrical tube having an inner diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm for filling. Those that could not be poured and filled due to lack of fluidity were considered “unmoldable”, and those that could be filled were allowed to stand at 32 ° C. for 1 hour from the end of kneading, and then allowed to stand for one hour, and then bleeding water was placed on the surface of the cylindrical tube. It was examined visually whether or not. Those in which no bleeding water was observed were judged as “no” for material separation, and those other than that were judged as “present” for material separation. The above results are shown in Table 2.

また、前記の各成形助剤(但し、前記セメントペーストで成形不能となったものに使用した成形助剤を除く。)を、普通ポルトランドセメント(太平洋セメント社製)100質量部に対し、12質量部となるよう添加した。さらに、粗骨材(石灰石の砕石、粒径5〜20mm)220質量部と細骨材(石灰石の砕砂、最大粒径5mm)150質量部及び水35質量部も加え、32℃の温度下で強制二軸ミキサを使って1分間混練し、コンクリートを作製した。このコンクリートを、内寸が縦30cm×横30cm×高さ30cmの角柱形状の透明アクリル樹脂製型枠(アクリル板厚み約12mm)に、振動機で型枠を振動させながら、流し込み充填を行った。コンクリートが充填された型枠を32℃の大気下で混練終了時点から1時間静置した後、直ちに成形物の脱型を試みた。脱型の際、型枠に成形物が付着し、成形物の一部が剥ぎ取られて型枠に付着残存し、表面が荒れたり角欠けを生じた成形物となったものを成形物の保形性×とした。また、成形物の型枠への付着が強固で脱型の際に型枠が破損・変形したものは、成形物としては無傷であっても×とした。型枠への付着が実質起こらず、成形物に欠損や表面の荒れ等が見られなかったものを成形物の保形性を○とした。さらに、前記の成形物の保形性が○となったコンクリートに対しては、材齢1日及び28日の圧縮強度をJIS A 1108に準拠した方法で測定した。以上の結果を表2に纏めて表す。   In addition, 12 parts by mass of each of the molding aids described above (except for the molding aid used for those that cannot be molded with the cement paste) with respect to 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement). It added so that it might become a part. Furthermore, 220 parts by mass of coarse aggregate (limestone crushed stone, particle size 5 to 20 mm), 150 parts by mass of fine aggregate (limestone crushed sand, maximum particle size 5 mm) and 35 parts by mass of water were added, and at a temperature of 32 ° C. Concrete was produced by kneading for 1 minute using a forced biaxial mixer. This concrete was poured and filled into a prismatic transparent acrylic resin mold (acrylic plate thickness of about 12 mm) with an internal size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm in height while vibrating the mold with a vibrator. . The mold filled with concrete was allowed to stand in the atmosphere of 32 ° C. for 1 hour from the end of the kneading, and then the mold was immediately demolded. At the time of demolding, the molded product adheres to the mold, and a part of the molded product is peeled off and remains attached to the mold, resulting in a molded product having a rough surface or corner breakage. Shape retention property x. In addition, when the molded product was firmly attached to the mold and the mold was damaged or deformed at the time of demolding, the molded product was evaluated as x even though it was intact. In the case where adhesion to the mold did not substantially occur and no defects or surface roughness was observed in the molded product, the shape retention property of the molded product was evaluated as ◯. Furthermore, for the concrete in which the shape retention of the molded product was ○, the compressive strength at the age of 1 day and 28 days was measured by a method based on JIS A 1108. The above results are summarized in Table 2.

Figure 2011116602
Figure 2011116602

表2の結果より、本発明の成形助剤を用いて作製したコンクリートは、型枠成形に適した流動状態を32℃という高温でも材料分離を起こすことなく十分確保でき、型枠に流し込み後は早期脱型可能で、脱型時に型枠付着やそれに伴う成形物表層部の脱落・崩れも見られず、良好な保形性を有する成形物を得ることができる。又、使用した型枠も慎重に確認した結果、破損・変形等が見られず、且つコンクリートの付着も実質無いため、簡単な洗浄で繰り返し成形に使用できることがわかる。   From the results in Table 2, the concrete produced using the molding aid of the present invention can sufficiently secure a fluid state suitable for mold molding without causing material separation even at a high temperature of 32 ° C., and after pouring into the mold It is possible to remove the mold at an early stage, and it is possible to obtain a molded article having good shape-retaining properties without adhesion to the mold frame and accompanying dropout / disintegration of the molded article surface layer portion. Also, as a result of careful confirmation of the used formwork, it can be seen that there is no breakage or deformation, and there is virtually no adhesion of concrete, so that it can be used for repeated molding with simple cleaning.

Claims (4)

(A)3CaO・2Na2O・5Al23、(B)アルカリ金属炭酸塩及び(C)リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩を有効成分とする遅延剤を含有してなるコンクリート成形助剤。 (A) 3CaO · 2Na 2 O · 5Al 2 O 3 , (B) alkali metal carbonate and (C) a lignin sulfonic acid or a salt thereof containing a retarder having an active ingredient. さらに、(D)石膏類を含有してなる請求項1記載のコンクリート成形助剤。 Furthermore, the concrete shaping | molding adjuvant of Claim 1 formed by containing (D) gypsum. さらに、(E)アルカリ金属アルミン酸塩を含有してなる請求項1又は2記載のコンクリート成形助剤。 Furthermore, the concrete shaping | molding adjuvant of Claim 1 or 2 formed by containing (E) alkali metal aluminate. 請求項1〜3何れかのコンクリート成形助剤と、セメント及び骨材を含有してなる成形用コンクリート。 A concrete for molding comprising the concrete molding aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, cement and aggregate.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014009147A (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-20 Taiheiyo Material Kk Molding aid for cement composition and cement composition
JP2019048729A (en) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-28 デンカ株式会社 Bonding material composition and stimulating agent thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014009147A (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-20 Taiheiyo Material Kk Molding aid for cement composition and cement composition
JP2019048729A (en) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-28 デンカ株式会社 Bonding material composition and stimulating agent thereof

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