JP2011112441A - Encoder, method for mounting encoder, and motor device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an encoder having excellent mounting properties and replacement work properties, a method for mounting the encoder, and a motor device. <P>SOLUTION: The encoder includes a disk part 15 which has a revolving code plate 9 having a prescribed pattern formed and which is fixed to the rotating shaft 2 of a measuring object 1 and revolves, a detecting part 8 which detects the prescribed pattern, and a base part which holds the disk part. The base part has a second threaded part which can be screwed with a first threaded part provided in the measuring object. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an encoder, an encoder mounting method, and a motor device.

For example, an encoder is known as a device that detects the rotation speed and rotation angle of a rotating body such as a rotating shaft of a motor (Patent Document 1). The encoder is used by being attached to a rotating shaft of a motor (measuring object), for example. As an example of an encoder, a rotating part on which a predetermined light reflection pattern and a magnetic pattern are formed is rotated integrally with a rotating shaft, and the reflected light is read by irradiating light to the light reflection pattern. By detecting this, the number of rotations and the rotation angle of the rotation shaft of the motor can be detected.
Conventionally, as a means for fixing such an encoder to a motor or the like, a method of fastening using a screw member or adhesion is used separately from the encoder body.

JP 2004-20548 A

  However, when the encoder is attached, for example, when the encoder attachment surface is not facing upward, it is necessary to perform the main fixing operation after temporarily fixing the encoder body to the motor. It was. The reason for this is that when a screw member such as a bolt is used during temporary fixing or main fixing, the screw member falls due to gravity, and thus the workability is greatly reduced.

  An aspect of the present invention is to provide an encoder having an excellent mounting property or workability, an encoder mounting method, and a motor device including the encoder.

  An encoder according to the present invention includes a rotary code plate on which a predetermined pattern is formed, a disk portion that rotates while being fixed to a rotation shaft to be measured, a detection unit that detects the predetermined pattern, and the circle A base portion that accommodates the plate portion, and the base portion includes a second screw portion that can be screwed with a first screw portion provided in the measurement target.

  The encoder mounting method according to the present invention includes a step of attaching a disk portion having a rotary code plate on which a predetermined pattern is formed to a rotating shaft to be measured, a first screw portion provided on the measurement target, A step of integrally attaching the base portion to the measurement object by screwing a second screw portion provided on the base portion capable of accommodating the disk portion.

  The motor device according to the present invention includes the encoder according to the present invention.

  According to the aspect of the present invention, it is possible to simplify the installation or replacement work of the encoder.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the encoder which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the attachment process of the encoder which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the attachment process of the encoder which concerns on this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the encoder which concerns on the modification concerning this embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the encoder according to the present embodiment.
The configuration of the encoder 100 will be described with reference to FIG. The encoder 100 is a device that detects the rotation speed and rotation speed of a rotating body (motor device) such as the motor 1. The encoder 100 includes a housing (base part) 4, a detection part (substrate part) 30, a magnet member (magnet part) 7, and a rotating part 15. The encoder 100 is integrally provided with a rotating part (disk part) 15 and a magnet member 7, and these are used in a state where they are opposed to the detecting part 30.

The motor 1 is provided with an engaging portion 1 </ b> A that engages with the housing 4 at the upper end portion on the rotating shaft 2 side. The engaging portion 1A has a smaller outer shape than other portions. A male screw portion (first screw portion) 1a is formed on the outer surface of the engaging portion 1A.
The housing 4 has a cylindrical shape formed in a circular shape in plan view, and one end side constitutes a recess having a size corresponding to the engaging portion 1 </ b> A of the motor 1. A female screw portion (second screw portion) 4a that can be screwed into the male screw portion 1a is formed on the inner surface of the recess.

  Thus, the encoder 100 is integrally joined to the motor 1 by the male screw portion 1a of the motor 1 and the female screw portion 4a of the housing 4 being screwed together. Further, when the encoder 100 is attached to the motor 1, the outer peripheral surface of the housing 4 is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the motor 1.

  The housing 4 has an internal space that surrounds the rotating portion 15 and the magnet member 7. The housing 4 is in a state in which the rotating portion 15 and the magnet member 7 are accommodated in the internal space. The rotating part 15 and the magnet member 7 are accommodated so as not to contact the housing 4.

  A motor inlay (convex portion) 12 is provided on the upper surface of the engaging portion 1A. The motor inlay 12 functions as a positioning means when the housing 4 is attached to the motor 1 as will be described later. The housing 4 includes positioning convex portions 13 provided in a ring shape along the inner surface. The housing 4 is in a state where the positioning convex portion 13 and the motor inlay 12 are in contact with each other while being attached to the motor 1.

  The rotating portion 15 is a portion that is fixed to the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 that is a rotating body by, for example, a bolt 3 and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 2. The rotating unit 15 holds the magnet member 7 facing the magnetic sensor (detecting unit) 6 of the detecting unit 30 at a predetermined distance. Further, the light reflection pattern 10 is formed along the outer periphery of the rotation unit 15 at the peripheral edge of the rotation unit 15.

  In the present embodiment, the distance between the magnetic sensor 6 and the magnet member 7 is set to, for example, about 1.5 mm at room temperature (about 25 ° C.). In a state in which the rotating portion 15 is fixed to the rotating shaft 2, the disk surfaces 9 a and 9 bc are perpendicular to the rotating shaft 2, and the rotating shaft R direction of the rotating portion 15 is the same as the extending direction of the rotating shaft 2. The rotating part 15 includes a disk part (rotary code plate) 9, a hub 11, a holding part 31, and a fitting part 32.

The disk part 9 is formed in a disk shape and is a part forming the main body of the rotating part 15. The disk portion 9 is provided with a through hole 33 at the center, and is fixed to the rotary shaft 2 by a bolt 3 inserted through the through hole 33.
The holding portion 31 is provided in a concave shape on the upper disc surface 31 b of the disc portion 9 in the drawing, and is provided in the shape of an annular groove around the through hole 33 along the rotation direction of the rotating portion 15.

The hub 11 is a portion that is provided so as to protrude substantially vertically from a disk surface 9 b on the lower side of the disk portion 9 in the drawing, and is connected to the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1. The hub 11 has a concave fitting portion 32 at the center portion in plan view.
The fitting portion 32 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the end portion of the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 is fitted and fixed.

  The magnet member 7 is a permanent magnet formed in an annular shape along the rotation direction of the rotating portion 15. As the magnet member 7, for example, a neodymium iron-based sintered magnet or the like is used. A predetermined magnetic pattern is formed on the magnet member 7. As a magnetic pattern of the magnet member 7, for example, a magnetic pattern in which an N pole is magnetized in a half region of the ring as viewed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2 and another half region of the ring is magnetized in a S pole. Etc. Of course, other magnetic patterns may be formed.

  The detection unit 30 is a part that detects the magnetic field generated by the magnet member 7. The detection unit 30 includes a detection substrate 5 and a magnetic sensor 6. The detection unit 30 includes an optical sensor (detection unit) 8 that irradiates the light reflection pattern 10 formed on the rotation unit 15 with light and detects reflected light.

  The detection substrate 5 is a plate-like member formed in a circular shape in plan view, for example. The detection substrate 5 is fixed to the housing 4. Therefore, even if the rotating shaft 2 rotates, the relative position between the detection substrate 5 and the motor 1 does not change. For example, the rotating member R and the magnet member 7 are accommodated in a state of being aligned with the detection substrate 5.

  A pair of magnetic sensors 6 are arranged at positions overlapping the magnet member 7 when viewed in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 2. Each of the magnetic sensors 6 and 6 is connected to a power supply unit and a control unit (processing unit) 20 via a wiring (not shown) provided in the detection substrate 5. The control unit 20 performs processing for obtaining the rotational speed and rotational speed of the rotary shaft 2 based on the outputs from the magnetic sensors 6 and 6. Each magnetic sensor 6, 6 has a bias magnet (not shown) and a magnetoresistive element (not shown).

  The bias magnet is a magnet that forms a combined magnetic field with the magnetic field of the magnet member 7. As a material constituting the bias magnet, for example, a rare earth magnet having a large magnetic force such as samarium / cobalt can be cited. The bias magnet is disposed at a position where it does not contact or adjoin the magnetoresistive element.

  The magnetoresistive element has two orthogonal repeating patterns formed by, for example, metal wiring. In the magnetoresistive element, the electric resistance decreases when the direction of the magnetic field is close to the direction perpendicular to the direction of the current flowing in the repetitive pattern. The magnetoresistive element converts the direction of the magnetic field into an electric signal by utilizing the decrease in electric resistance. The magnetoresistive element detects a combined magnetic field generated by the magnetic field of the magnet member 7 and the magnetic field of the bias magnet. The detection result is transmitted to the control unit 20 as an electric signal.

  Here, the operation of the encoder 100 configured as described above will be described. When the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 rotates, the rotating portion 15 and the magnet member 7 that are integrally attached to the rotating shaft 2 rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 2. About the detection part 30, since it is not connected to the rotating shaft 2, it will be in a stationary state without rotating.

  When the rotation unit 15 rotates, the light reflection pattern 10 formed on the rotation unit 15 moves in the rotation direction. The above-described optical sensor 8 emits light to the moving light reflection pattern 10 and detects the movement angle of the light reflection pattern 10 by reading the reflected light.

  Further, when the rotating unit 15 rotates, the magnet member 7 integrally fixed to the rotating unit 15 rotates. When the magnet member 7 rotates, the magnetic field formed by the magnetic pattern of the magnet member 7 changes periodically. The magnetic sensor 6 can detect the rotation speed of the magnet member 7 (rotating shaft 2) by detecting the period of change of the magnetic field.

Next, a procedure for attaching the encoder 100 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 to the motor 1 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the rotating portion 15 is fixed to the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 with a bolt 3.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2B, the casing 4 and the motor 1 are aligned, and the casing 4 and the motor 1 are relatively rotated.
More specifically, when the housing 4 is attached to the motor 1, the motor inlay 12 of the motor 1 and the positioning convex portion 13 of the housing 4 are brought into contact with each other as shown in FIG. Then, the housing 4 is pushed in the extending direction of the rotary shaft 2 in a state where the motor inlay 12 and the positioning convex portion 13 are in contact with each other, so that the end of the female screw portion 4a and the end of the male screw portion 1a Contact the part.

  In such a state, the casing 4 and the casing 4 in the direction in which the engagement between the male threaded portion 1a of the motor 1 (engaging portion 1A) and the female threaded portion 4a of the casing 4 is strengthened (clockwise in this description in plan view). The motor 1 is rotated relatively. Thereby, the housing | casing 4 can be integrally attached to the motor 1 because the male thread part 1a and the female thread part 4a screw together.

  After the housing 4 is attached to the motor 1, the detection substrate 5 constituting the detection unit 30 is fixed to the housing 4 as shown in FIG. Note that a magnetic sensor 6, an optical sensor 8, and a control unit 20 are formed in advance on the detection substrate 5.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the housing 4 and the motor 1 are respectively formed with screw portions, and these are screwed together to fix each other. There is no need to use bolts or the like when attaching the motor to the motor. Therefore, the bolts are not dropped during the installation work or replacement work of the encoder 100, and excellent mounting performance and replacement workability can be obtained. In addition, since the present invention can be simply and reliably attached by relatively rotating the housing 4 and the motor 1 as described above, for example, when the attachment surface of the motor 1 is directed vertically downward, in particular, the bolt This is particularly effective when it is difficult to perform the fixing work using the. Further, according to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to use bolts or the like when attaching the encoder housing to the motor as in the prior art, so the number of parts can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the configuration according to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the invention. Hereinafter, modifications of the encoder of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the encoder 200 according to this modification. Moreover, in this modification, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the element same as the component of the said embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  At the tip of one end side of the housing 203, a projection 204 having a smaller outer shape than that of the other part and having a ring shape in plan view is provided. A male screw portion (second screw portion) 204 a is formed on the outer surface of the protrusion 204.

  On the other hand, a recess 209 having an inner diameter corresponding to the protrusion 204 is formed on the upper surface of the motor 210. A female screw portion (first screw portion) 210 a that can be screwed into the male screw portion 204 a of the protrusion 204 is formed on the inner surface of the recess 209.

  Thus, the encoder 200 is integrally joined to the motor 210 by screwing the female screw portion 210a of the motor 210 and the male screw portion 204a of the housing 203 (projecting portion 204). In addition, when the encoder 100 is attached to the motor 1, the outer peripheral surface of the housing 203 is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the motor 210.

  When the encoder 200 according to this modification is attached to the motor 210, the rotating portion 15 is fixed to the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 210 with the bolt 3 and then the female thread portion 210a of the motor 210 (recessed portion 209), as in the above embodiment. Then, the housing 203 and the motor 210 are relatively rotated in a direction in which the meshing of the housing 203 (projecting portion 204) with the male screw portion 204a is strengthened. Accordingly, the housing 203 can be integrally attached to the motor 210 by the male screw portion 204a and the female screw portion 210a being screwed together. Finally, the detection board 5 constituting the detection unit 30 is fixed to the housing 203.

  Also in this modification, since the housing 203 and the motor 210 are respectively formed with screw parts, they can be fixed together by screwing them together. Can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Motor (measurement object), 1a ... Male screw part (1st screw part), 2 ... Rotating shaft, 4a ... Female screw part (2nd screw part), 5 ... Detection board | substrate (board | substrate part), 6 ... Magnetic sensor (Detection part), 8 ... optical sensor (detection part), 9 ... disk part (rotation code plate), 12 ... motor inlay (convex part), 15 ... rotation part (disc part), 20 ... control part (processing part) ), 30... Detecting part (substrate part), 203... Housing, 204... Male threaded part (second threaded part), 209... Recessed part, 210 a.

Claims (7)

A rotating code plate having a predetermined pattern formed thereon, and a disk portion that rotates while being fixed to a rotating shaft to be measured;
A detection unit for detecting the predetermined pattern;
A base part for accommodating the disk part,
The base portion includes a second screw portion that can be screwed with a first screw portion provided in the measurement target.
An encoder characterized by that. The base portion has a recess corresponding to the outer surface of the measurement object,
The encoder according to claim 1, wherein the first screw portion is formed on the outer surface, and the second screw portion is formed on an inner surface of the recess.   The second screw portion is formed on an outer surface of the base portion so as to correspond to the first screw portion formed on an inner surface of a recess provided in the measurement target. The encoder according to claim 1.   The encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a substrate unit on which a processing unit that processes a detection signal from the detection unit is mounted. Attaching a disk portion having a rotation code plate on which a predetermined pattern is formed to a rotation shaft to be measured;
The base part is integrated with the measurement object by screwing the first screw part provided on the measurement object and the second screw part provided on the base part capable of accommodating the disk part. A step of automatically attaching,
An encoder mounting method characterized by the above.   The first screw portion and the second screw portion are screwed together while the convex portion provided on the measurement object is brought into contact with the inner surface of the base portion. An encoder mounting method according to claim 5. Comprising the encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The motor apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.

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