JP2011110499A - Hollow fiber membrane module and water treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module with low possibility of damage to a hollow fiber membrane while water collection is available from both sides of top and bottom. <P>SOLUTION: The hollow fiber membrane module 10 includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 immersed so as to vertically extend in water to be treated and is structured to collect penetrated water penetrated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane from both sides of top and bottom, and a diffusion mechanism for generating bubbles on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane. A lower stationary member 30 includes a gas storage chamber 30b provided under a water collection chamber 30a and a bubble passage 33x passing from the gas storage chamber to the top face side of the stationary part through the dust collection chamber. There is also provided the diffusion mechanism structured so that gas is stored in the gas storage chamber and the stored gas passes through the bubble passage and is floated to generate bubbles on the top face side of the stationary part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane module used for membrane separation and a water treatment method, for example, hollow used for water purification treatment such as river water, lake water, ground water, seawater, or membrane separation treatment such as sewage and industrial wastewater. The present invention relates to a yarn membrane module and a water treatment method.

  Conventionally, membrane separation of water to be treated was carried out by immersing the hollow fiber membrane in a standing posture in which the hollow fiber membrane was extended in the vertical direction and sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane into the water to be treated containing suspended substances. Thus, an external pressure type hollow fiber membrane module for obtaining permeated water is used.

  And this hollow fiber membrane module tends to reduce the permeation performance of the hollow fiber membrane due to suspended solids or adhesive organic compounds in the water to be treated, and the decrease in the permeation performance increases the power load for membrane separation. Therefore, conventionally, a method for suppressing the decrease in the transmission performance has been widely studied.

  For example, in a hollow fiber membrane module of a type in which the hollow fiber membrane is extended in the vertical direction to perform membrane separation, the hollow fiber membrane is vibrated by performing aeration on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane to It is known that a method called air scrubbing that removes deposits is effective in preventing deterioration in permeation performance.

By the way, as this type of hollow fiber membrane module, a type of sucking permeate from only the upper end side of the hollow fiber membrane has been widely used. However, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, The use of a hollow fiber membrane module that sucks permeate from both the upper and lower sides of the yarn membrane has been studied.
When sucking from the end of the hollow fiber membrane and allowing water to permeate from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane, a large amount of the negative pressure due to this suction tends to act near the end of the hollow fiber membrane per unit time. Although water will permeate the membrane, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane decreases as the distance from the end decreases, so the amount of water permeating the membrane decreases.
For this reason, it is difficult for the type that collects water from one side to effectively act on the entire hollow fiber membrane for membrane separation, but the type of hollow fiber membrane module that sucks (collects water) from both the top and bottom is the whole hollow fiber membrane. It is easy to make effective use of, and it is possible to carry out compact and efficient membrane separation.

In the hollow fiber membrane module described in Patent Document 1 below, an air diffuser is inserted into the bundle of hollow fiber membranes from the lateral direction perpendicular to the vertical direction in which the hollow fiber membranes extend, and the tip of the hollow fiber membrane module is scattered. It is configured to remove bubbles on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane by generating bubbles from the pores.
However, when air is diffused with such a diffuser, the hollow fiber membrane in the vicinity of the diffuser in front of the diffuser is vibrated vigorously due to the release of bubbles from the diffuser provided at the tip of the diffuser. Therefore, it may collide with the tip of the air diffuser and be damaged by, for example, an edge portion of the air diffuser.
And when a hollow fiber membrane is damaged, to-be-processed water will mix in permeated water and will cause the water quality fall of permeated water.

  For this reason, the conventional hollow fiber membrane module and the water treatment method using the conventional hollow fiber membrane module have a problem that it is difficult to perform efficient membrane separation while suppressing deterioration of water quality. Have.

JP 2006-305443 A

  The present invention aims to provide a hollow fiber membrane module that is capable of collecting water from both the top and bottom, but has a low risk of damage to the hollow fiber membrane, and as a result, performs efficient membrane separation while suppressing water quality deterioration. It aims at providing the water treatment method to obtain.

  The present invention related to the hollow fiber membrane module for solving the above-mentioned problems is to immerse a plurality of hollow fiber membranes in the water to be treated in a state of extending in the vertical direction to perform membrane separation of the water to be treated. An upper fixing member for fixing the upper end portion of the hollow fiber membrane and a lower fixing member for fixing the lower end portion, and the upper fixing member is gathered above the fixing portion fixing the hollow fiber membrane. The lower fixing member has a water collecting chamber below the fixing portion that fixes the hollow fiber membrane, and the hollow region inside the hollow fiber membrane is communicated with both the upper and lower water collecting chambers. The permeated water permeated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane can be collected from both above and below, and further provided with a diffuser mechanism for generating bubbles on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane. A hollow fiber membrane module, wherein the lower fixing member is A gas storage chamber provided below the water collection chamber, and a bubble passage extending from the gas storage chamber through the water collection chamber to the upper surface side of the fixed portion, the gas storage chamber The air diffusion mechanism is provided in which gas is stored, the stored gas is floated through the bubble passage, and bubbles are generated above the fixed portion.

  Further, the present invention according to the water treatment method includes an upper fixing member and a lower end for fixing the upper end portion of the hollow fiber membrane so that the membrane separation can be performed in a state where a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extend in the vertical direction. And a lower fixing member for fixing the hollow fiber membrane, and the upper fixing member has a water collection chamber above the fixing portion for fixing the hollow fiber membrane and the lower fixing member fixes the hollow fiber membrane. A water collecting chamber is provided below the fixed portion, and the hollow region inside the hollow fiber membrane is communicated with both the upper and lower water collecting chambers so that the permeated water permeated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane is The hollow fiber membrane module is formed so that water can be collected from the lower end portion of the hollow fiber membrane, and further provided with an air diffusion mechanism for generating bubbles on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane. The permeated water collected in the water collection chamber and the lower water collection chamber Membrane separation step of separating the water to be treated by sucking it out of the yarn membrane module, and bubbles are generated by the air diffusion mechanism to remove the deposits attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane from the surface. A water treatment method for performing an air diffusion step of vibrating the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the lower fixing member is provided in a gas storage chamber provided below the water collection chamber, and the water collection from the gas storage chamber A hollow fiber membrane module including a bubble passage that passes through a chamber and reaches the upper surface side of the fixed portion, stores gas in the gas storage chamber, and floats the stored gas through the bubble passage Thus, the air bubbles are generated on the upper side of the fixed portion to perform the air diffusion step.

  According to the present invention, in the hollow fiber membrane module capable of collecting water from both the upper and lower sides of the hollow fiber membrane, the air diffusion mechanism for generating bubbles is provided on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane, and the bubble storage Compared to the case where bubbles are generated from the tip of the diffuser pipe arranged in the direction orthogonal to the direction in which the hollow fiber membrane extends because the bubbles floating through the bubble passage are diffused from the section to the upper side of the fixed section. The possibility of vigorously vibrating the hollow fiber membrane in the vicinity of the air diffusion holes due to the generation of bubbles can be suppressed.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a hollow fiber membrane module that is capable of collecting water from both the upper and lower sides but has a low risk of damaging the hollow fiber membrane, and is capable of efficient membrane separation while suppressing deterioration in water quality. A water treatment method that can be implemented may be provided.

(A) The longitudinal direction sectional view showing the composition of the first embodiment of the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention. (B) Enlarged view of broken line X part. (C) Broken line Y part enlarged view. (C ′) A modification example of the broken line Y part. The top view of the fixing | fixed part of the upper fixing member in the embodiment (AA sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1). The top view of the fixing | fixed part of the lower fixing member in the same embodiment (BB sectional drawing of FIG. 1). The bottom view of the fixing part of the lower fixing member in the same embodiment (sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1) The apparatus structure schematic diagram for demonstrating the water treatment method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(A) of FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a mode that the hollow fiber membrane module which concerns on embodiment of this invention was made to stand up like the time of use, (b) is the broken line X of (a). (C) is an enlarged view of a region surrounded by a broken line Y in (a).
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section (cross section) of the hollow fiber membrane module taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the hollow fiber membrane module taken along line BB in FIG. FIG.
Furthermore, FIG. 4 is the figure which showed the cross section of the hollow fiber membrane module in CC line of FIG.

The hollow fiber membrane module 10 of the present embodiment has a vertically long cylindrical appearance as shown in this figure, and a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 are exposed in a parallel state at the middle in the vertical direction. Has been.
The hollow fiber membrane module 10 of this embodiment is arranged in the up-down direction with a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 aligned, and one end of both ends of the hollow fiber membrane 11 is on the upper side. A plurality of fixing members are used, which are a fixing member for fixing (hereinafter also referred to as “upper fixing member 20”) and a fixing member for fixing the other end portion on the lower side (hereinafter also referred to as “lower fixing member 30”). The hollow fiber membrane 11 is fixed.
And the hollow fiber membrane module 10 of this embodiment further has an air diffusion mechanism for generating bubbles on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane 11.

In addition, the hollow fiber membrane module 10 in the present embodiment extends in the vertical direction at a position outside the region where the hollow fiber membrane 11 is disposed, and is connected to the upper fixing member 20 and the lower fixing member 30 at both ends. It has a hook-shaped support member S that supports the portions by fixing them and maintaining a predetermined distance therebetween.
A pair of support members S provided on the left and right sides of the region where the hollow fiber membrane 11 is disposed are tubular and are provided in the hollow fiber membrane module 10 in a state where the upper and lower water collecting chambers communicate with each other. Yes.

The upper fixing member 20 has a plate-like body 21 (hereinafter also referred to as “upper plate-like body 21”) arranged substantially horizontally on the lower side thereof, and the plate-like body 21 is thick due to the polymer composition. It is formed in a disk shape.
The upper fixing member 20 is provided with a cap material 22 that covers the plate-like body 21 from above, and the cap material 22 includes a top surface portion 22c having substantially the same shape as the contour shape of the plate-like body 21 and the top surface portion 22c. And a peripheral wall portion 22w depending from the outer edge of the top surface portion 22c.
The cap member 22 has an opening 22d in the top surface portion 22c, and the top surface portion 22c is spaced apart from the upper surface 21a of the plate-like body 21 by a certain distance and is formed inside the peripheral wall portion 22w. A space 20 a that communicates with the outside only through the opening 22 d is formed between the plate 21 and the peripheral surface 21 w of the plate 21 so as to be in close contact with the plate 21.

The plate-like body 21 is provided with an upper end portion of the hollow fiber membrane 11 embedded and fixed by the polymer composition, and is provided to constitute a fixing portion for fixing the hollow fiber membrane 11 in the upper fixing member 20. It is a thing.
More specifically, the plate-like body 21 has a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the thickness of the hollow fiber membranes 11 in a state where all the hollow fiber membranes 11 are bundled together. A cylindrical cured body obtained by inserting an end of the hollow fiber membrane 11 into a container and filling and solidifying the curable liquid polymer in the container is formed at a portion inside the end of the hollow fiber membrane 11. The hollow fiber membrane 11 is formed into a disk shape by cutting the entire hollow fiber membrane 11 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the hollow fiber membrane 11.

Therefore, the hollow fiber membrane 11 is embedded and fixed in the polymer composition in a state where the hollow fiber membrane 11 penetrates the plate-like body 21 from below to open upward in the upper surface 21 a of the plate-like body 21. In the region where the hollow fiber membrane 11 is fixed, the hollow fiber membrane 11 has a polymer part 21r filled with a polymer composition.
The space portion 20a having the upper surface 21a of the plate-like body 21 as the bottom surface and the upper side thereof covered with the cap material 22 is a water collection chamber (hereinafter referred to as a permeated water) in which permeated water that has permeated from the outside of the hollow fiber membrane 11 is collected. The upper fixing member 20 is provided to function as an “upper water collecting chamber 20a”.
The tubular support member S is also fixed with its upper end embedded in the plate-like body 21 and opened on the upper surface 21 a of the plate-like body 21.

Whereas the upper fixing member 20 is configured as described above, the lower fixing member 30 is common in that it has a plate-like body 31 similar to the upper fixing member 20.
That is, the plate-like body 31 (hereinafter also referred to as “lower plate-like body 31”) constituting the fixing portion for fixing the hollow fiber membrane 11 in the lower fixing member 30 is a plate-like shape provided in the upper fixing member 20. Similarly to the body 21 (hereinafter also referred to as “upper plate-like body 21”), it is formed by curing a curable liquid polymer, and the lower end portion of the hollow fiber membrane 11 and the support member S is the lower plate-like body 31. The lower fixing member 30 is provided so as to penetrate from the upper surface side to the lower surface side and open on the lower surface side.

However, the lower plate-like body 31 is different in that it has one or more through holes (four in the figure) penetrating in the thickness direction (vertical direction). It is provided as a diffused hole AO that opens to the upper surface 31a of the cylindrical body 31 and discharges bubbles upward from the opening.
The lower plate-like body 31 is also different from the upper plate-like body 21 in that an overhanging portion 31f having a flange-like structure is provided on the upper side in the thickness direction.
The projecting portion 31f has a tapered surface in which the upper surface side gently falls outward, and the lower surface side projects outwardly at a substantially right angle to the peripheral wall portion 31w on the lower side of the lower plate-like body 31. And is provided on the lower plate-like body 31.

  Further, in the lower fixing member 30, instead of the cap material 22 of the upper fixing member 20, a water collecting chamber 30a similar to the upper water collecting chamber 20a is formed in the lower fixing member 30, and the lower fixing member 30 A cylindrical member 33 is provided below the side water collection chamber 30a (hereinafter also referred to as “lower water collection chamber 30a”) to define a gas storage chamber 30b that stores the gas released from the air diffuser AO. This is also different from the upper fixing member 20.

  The cylindrical member 33 includes a cylindrical peripheral side wall 33w having an inner diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the lower peripheral wall portion 31w of the lower plate-shaped body 31, and a partition wall 33p that vertically divides the interior of the peripheral side wall 33w. The partition wall 33p is provided with a through-hole (aeration hole AO) of the lower plate 31 when the tubular member 33 is externally fitted to the lower plate 31 from below. A projecting portion 33n that protrudes upward at a position that is the same position as that of the projecting position and that has a tip smaller in diameter than the through hole and a base end larger in diameter than the through hole is provided.

  The tubular member 33 is brought into contact with the air diffuser hole AO of the lower plate-shaped body 31 from the lower side with the projecting portion 33n provided at a position corresponding to the air diffused hole AO. By fitting the tubular member 33 outwardly, the partition wall 33p is separated from the lower surface 31b of the lower plate-like body 31 to form a space portion surrounded by the peripheral side wall 33w, and the space portion is gathered on the lower side. A water chamber 30a is formed below the partition wall 33p, the partition wall 33p is a ceiling wall, and a space surrounded by the peripheral side wall 33w is defined as the gas storage chamber 30b.

The projecting portion 33n is formed with a through hole 33h penetrating vertically. One end of the through hole 33h opens at the upper end of the projecting portion, and the other end opens at the lower surface of the partition wall 33p. Yes.
That is, the lower fixing member 30 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the cylindrical member 33 is inserted into the lower plate-like body 31 in a state where the tip end portion of the projecting portion 33n is inserted into the air diffusion hole AO of the lower plate-like body 31 from below. When the outer fitting is performed, the through hole 33h drilled in the projecting portion 33n and the diffuser hole AO of the lower plate 31 pass through the lower water collection chamber 30a from the gas storage chamber 30b. A bubble passage 33x extending to the upper surface side of the lower plate-like body 31 forming the fixing portion in the lower fixing member 30 is formed.

With respect to the through hole 33h, by reducing the opening area and increasing the flow velocity of the air passing through the through hole 33h, it is possible to release the bubbles upwards vigorously and obtain a high adhering matter removing effect. Can do.
On the other hand, if the opening area of the through-hole 33h is reduced, the through-hole 33h may be clogged while the aeration is stopped.
In such a point, it is preferable that the through hole 33h is formed so that the opening area per one is 0.5 to ⁵ cm ^2. Specifically, the opening shape of the through hole 33h is circular. In this case, it is preferable that the diameter is 8 to 25 mm.

With respect to the method for forming the bubble passage 33x, a modified example shown in FIG. 1 (C ′) can also be adopted.
That is, in the above, the air diffusion hole AO having a uniform inner diameter from the upper surface side to the lower surface side of the lower plate-like body 31 has been illustrated, but in this modified example, a part of the lower surface side has a diameter compared to the upper surface side. It ’s great. In this modified example, a stepped portion is formed between the lower large-diameter portion LD and the upper small-diameter portion SD, and the tip of the protruding portion is brought into contact with the lower surface 31b1 of the stepped portion.
In this modified example, the projecting portion 33n ′ is also a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the large diameter portion LD of the air diffusion hole AO ′ and larger than the inner diameter of the small diameter portion SD. In the point which is formed in this, it differs from the protrusion part 33n of the shape which narrows upward in the said illustration.

Further, the protruding portion 33n ′ in this modified example is formed such that the protruding height from the upper surface of the partition wall 33p is longer than the length of the section where the large diameter portion LD is formed, and the protruding portion 33n ′. Is inserted into the air diffusion hole AO (large diameter portion LD) from below and the tip is brought into contact with the lower surface 31b1 of the stepped portion, and the lower surface 31b of the plate-like body 31 and the partition wall 33p. Are separated from each other so that the water collecting chamber 30a can be formed.
Further, the projecting portion 33n ′ in this modified example has an inner diameter that is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter portion SD of the air diffuser hole AO ′, and the tip portion is brought into contact with the lower surface 31b1 of the stepped portion. At the same time, the small diameter portion SD of the air diffusion hole AO and the through hole 33h of the protruding portion 33n ′ are continuous to form a bubble passage 33x having a substantially uniform inner diameter.
In such a modified example, as shown in the figure, an annular groove is formed at a position where the tip of the protruding portion 33n ′ abuts on the lower surface 31b1 of the stepped portion, and the sealing material 31s ′ accommodated in the groove is formed. Thus, airtightness (watertightness) may be imparted to the bubble passage 33x.

The peripheral side wall 33w has an upper inner diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the lower portion of the lower plate-shaped body 31, and corresponds to the lower surface of the overhanging portion 31f of the lower plate-shaped body 31. A flange portion 33w1 having a large upper surface is formed at the upper end portion.
The flange portion 33w1 has a shape that is substantially symmetric with respect to the projecting portion 31f of the lower plate-like body 31 and a horizontal plane, and the upper surface is a horizontal plane, whereas the lower surface side faces outward. It has a tapered surface that gently rises (thickness gradually decreases outward).
Moreover, the flange portion 33w1 protrudes outward with a width such that the position of the outer edge is substantially the same position as the outer edge of the overhang portion 31f.

  The tubular member 33 has a height from the partition wall 33p to the flange portion 33w1 when the tubular member 33 is externally fitted to the lower plate 31 from the lower side. And the height at which the outer peripheral surface of the projecting portion 33n can be brought into contact with the opening edge on the lower surface side of the air diffusion hole AO via the seal member 31s immediately before contacting the lower surface of the protruding portion 31f of the lower plate-like body 31. It is formed to become.

The cylindrical member 33 and the lower plate-like body 31 are formed by lowering the screw hole formed in the central portion of the lower surface 31b of the lower plate-like body 31 and the central portion of the partition wall 33p of the cylindrical member 33. A certain amount of pressure acts on the seal member 31s sandwiched between the projecting portion 33n and the opening edge portion on the lower surface side of the air diffuser hole AO. Until then, the nuts are tightened and fixed to each other.
Further, the tubular member 33 and the lower plate-like body 31 are opposed to each other with a protruding portion 31f of the lower plate-like body 31 and a flange portion of the tubular member 33 facing each other while being fixed by the nut. 33w1 is surrounded by the clamp CL from the outside and fixed to the other party.

The seal member 31s is made of an elastic member formed in an annular shape and is formed to have an L-shaped cross section.
The seal member 31s is configured such that a portion corresponding to the “L” -shaped vertical bar is brought into contact with the lower inner peripheral surface of the air diffuser hole AO, and a portion corresponding to the “L” -shaped horizontal bar is formed on the lower plate-like body. 31 is formed so as to be attached to the opening on the lower surface side of the air diffuser hole AO in a state of being in contact with the lower surface 31b of 31 and is sandwiched between the lower plate-like body 31 and the protruding portion 33n. It is provided to give airtightness (watertightness) to the bubble passage 33x.

In addition, seal members are attached to the outer peripheral portion of the lower plate-like body 31 at two locations out of locations where the cylindrical member 33 is brought into contact with the peripheral side wall 33w. Airtightness (watertightness) at the contact point is given.
Specifically, a groove that is continuous in the circumferential direction is formed on the lower surface of the overhanging portion 31f, and a groove that is continuous in the circumferential direction is also formed on the outer peripheral surface on the lower side of the lower plate-like body 31. A rubber O-ring 30r is attached as the seal member. Particularly, the O-ring 30r attached on the lower surface of the overhanging portion 31f has the clamp CL tightened in a direction of shortening the circumferential length thereof. When the force by tightening is converted into the pressure between the inner surface and the taper surface of the overhanging portion 31f and the pressure between the taper surface of the flange portion 33w1, the pressure is arranged at a position where this pressure acts. Therefore, excellent sealing performance is exhibited.

The O-ring 30r and the L-shaped seal member 33s disposed between the projecting portion 33n and the lower plate-like body 31 are permeated through the hollow fiber membrane 11 like the upper water collection chamber 20a. A lower catchment chamber 30a capable of collecting water is formed, and treated water or the like enters the lower catchment chamber 30a from the outside, or permeate leaks from the lower catchment chamber 30a to the outside. Will be suppressed.
Further, a portion corresponding to the top surface of the lower water collecting chamber 30a is constituted by the lower surface 31b of the lower plate-like body 31, and the support member S is opened.
That is, the upper water collecting chamber 20a and the lower water collecting chamber 30a are provided in the hollow fiber membrane module 10 in a state where they are communicated by the support member S.

The hollow fiber membrane module 10 of this embodiment can form the water collection chamber 30a and the gas storage chamber 30b in the lower fixing member 30 simply by combining the cylindrical member 33 and the lower plate-shaped body 31. In addition, by sucking the inside of the upper water collecting chamber 20a from the opening 22d formed in the cap material 22 of the upper water collecting chamber 20a, the permeated water is permeated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane 11 so as to move up and down. Water collection can be performed at one time in both the water collection chambers 20a and 30a.
Further, the hollow fiber membrane module 10 of the present embodiment generates air bubbles upward from the air diffusion holes AO opened in the upper surface 31a of the lower plate 31 by simply introducing a gas such as air into the gas storage chamber 30b. Since the air diffusion mechanism that can be used is provided, the adhering material can be removed by vibrating the hollow fiber membrane 11 with the striking force of the bubbles and the water flow accompanying the rising of the bubbles.

More specifically, when the hollow fiber membrane module 10 of the present embodiment is immersed in the water to be treated and the inside of the upper water collection chamber 20a is sucked from the opening 22d by a suction pump or the like, the hollow fiber membrane The permeated water permeates through the hollow fiber membrane 11 by the water pressure applied to 11 and the negative pressure by the suction pump.
That is, the suspended substance contained in the water to be treated is mainly captured on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11, and the purified permeated water is permeated into the hollow fiber membrane 11 and collected in the water collection chamber. become.
In the hollow fiber membrane module 10 according to the present embodiment, since the upper water collecting chamber 20a and the lower water collecting chamber 30a are sufficiently sealed, the permeated water having low cleanliness and high cleanliness is obtained. be able to.

  Further, since the upper water collecting chamber 20a and the lower water collecting chamber 30a are communicated with each other by the support member S, the negative pressure by the suction pump also acts on the lower water collecting chamber 30a side, so that both upper and lower water collecting chambers are collected. Water is collected at once in the water chambers 20a and 30a, and membrane separation of the water to be treated can be carried out efficiently.

And since the location corresponding to the top | upper surface is formed by the lower surface of the said partition wall 33p, the said gas storage chamber 30b is air from the air supply pipe | tube 40p etc. which distribute | arranged the edge part under this gas storage chamber 30b. The gas is introduced into the gas storage chamber 30b by the buoyancy of the gas.
That is, the gas introduced into the gas storage chamber 30b floats in the bubble passage 33x formed by the through-hole 33h provided at a location corresponding to the protruding portion 33n and the diffuser hole AO of the lower plate-like body 31. Then, the bubbles are discharged upward from the opening of the air diffusion hole AO on the upper surface side of the lower plate-like body 31.
As a result, the hollow fiber membrane 11 fixed around the air diffusion hole AO is vibrated by the striking force caused by the collision of the bubble AB or the water flow accompanying the rising of the bubble, and the suspension adhered to the surface by membrane separation. Deposits such as substances are dropped off and removed.

  In the present embodiment, the air diffusion holes AO that are open upward are formed on the upper surface 31 a of the plate-like body 31 of the lower fixing member 30, and the conventional hollow fiber module is formed on the upper surface side of the lower plate-like body 31. In the conventional hollow fiber membrane, there is no possibility of damaging the hollow fiber membrane 11 when removing the adhering matter from the hollow fiber membrane 11 because no member for aeration such as a diffuser tube is provided. It is reduced compared to the module, and it is possible to suppress the deterioration of water quality due to the damage of the hollow fiber membrane.

This will be described in more detail. In the conventional hollow fiber membrane module, an air diffuser is inserted so as to sew the hollow fiber membrane from the horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction in which the hollow fiber membrane extends, Since the air bubbles are generated from the air holes provided at the tip of the air diffuser, the hollow fiber membrane positioned in front of the air diffuser is greatly vibrated by the air bubbles released from the side, and the air diffuser is formed at the tip of the air diffuser. There is a possibility of collision.
On the other hand, the hollow fiber membrane module in the present embodiment is not provided with a member that collides in the first place.
Even if the hollow fiber membrane 11 collides with the support member S or the like, since the support member S is provided in parallel with the hollow fiber membrane 11, the impact caused by the collision is suppressed from being concentrated locally. There is a low possibility that the hollow fiber membrane is damaged as compared with the case where the hollow fiber membrane module is arranged in a state orthogonal to the hollow fiber membrane, such as the diffuser tube.
In the hollow fiber membrane module 10 illustrated in the figure, the support member S is illustrated as being installed in the accumulation portion where the hollow fiber membranes 11 are accumulated. However, the support member S and the hollow fiber membrane 11 are illustrated. In order to further suppress the contact with the support member S, it is possible to dispose the support member S at the outer edge of the region where the hollow fiber membranes 11 are accumulated or at a place further away from the outer edge.

Further, in the present embodiment, since bubbles are generated in the direction in which the hollow fiber membrane 11 extends by natural buoyancy, the gas is forcibly forced in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the hollow fiber membrane extends from the air diffuser. As compared with the conventional hollow fiber membrane module in which the air is blown out, soft vibration can be given to the hollow fiber membrane.
From this, it can be said that the hollow fiber membrane module of this embodiment can reduce the damage given to the hollow fiber membrane 11.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the hollow fiber membrane module which has the above effects can be simply produced by using the said cylindrical member 33 as a structural member, the above effects are obtained. The cylindrical member 33 is not necessarily required from the point that it can be exerted, and the lower fixing member 30 is formed from the gas storage chamber 30b provided below the lower water collection chamber 30a and the gas storage chamber 30b. A bubble passage 33x that passes through the lower water collection chamber 30a and reaches the upper surface side of the fixing portion (lower plate-like body 31) to which the hollow fiber membrane 11 is fixed, and gas is contained in the gas storage chamber 30b. If a mechanism (air diffuser mechanism) is provided that allows the stored gas to float through the bubble passage 33x and generate bubbles above the fixed portion, the above-described effects can be obtained. Gain It is intended to be.

In addition, in this embodiment, the hollow fiber membrane module 10 formed so that permeated water can be discharged only from the upper water collection chamber 20a side by communicating the upper and lower water collection chambers 20a, 30a with the support member S. Although illustrated, instead of providing the opening 22d in the cap member 22 on the upper side, an opening is provided at a position above the partition wall 33p of the peripheral side wall 33w of the cylindrical member 33 to provide the lower water collecting chamber 30a. Permeated water may be discharged only from the side, and it is also possible to provide openings on both the upper and lower sides to discharge the permeated water from both the upper and lower sides.
In that case, the support member S need not be tubular, and a solid housing may be employed as the support member.
Further, in that the manufacturing of the hollow fiber membrane module can be facilitated by omitting the number of parts, it is preferable to employ the support member S as a member that communicates the upper and lower water collection chambers 20a, 30a. Alternatively, the upper and lower water collecting chambers 20a and 30a can be communicated with each other by using a tubular body.
Furthermore, a conventionally well-known member can be employed in the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired as a constituent member of the hollow fiber membrane module.
For example, in the present embodiment, a hollow cylindrical hollow fiber membrane module is illustrated, but the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention has a shape in which hollow fiber membranes are integrated, upper and lower fixing members, The opening shape and the like of the air holes provided in the fixing member are not limited to those illustrated above, and various modifications can be made.

In addition, the hollow fiber membrane module of this invention can be used suitably for the following water treatments.
FIG. 5 is an apparatus schematic diagram for explaining this water treatment method, and is a view showing an embodiment of a water treatment apparatus using the hollow fiber membrane module 10 according to the present embodiment.

In this embodiment, the water treatment device 60 is configured to obtain a permeated water that can be supplied as clean water by membrane separation of water to be treated containing suspended solids.
As shown in FIG. 5, the water treatment device 60 is provided with a water tank 62 to be treated to which water to be treated is supplied from a water supply line 61 to be treated.
Further, the water treatment apparatus 60 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 10 arranged so as to be immersed in a standing posture in the water to be treated in the water tank 62 to be treated, and the hollow fiber membrane modules 10. A permeated water take-out line 63 for taking out permeated water by performing solid-liquid separation by membrane filtration of the water to be treated by sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane by the suction pump 63a and having a suction pump 63a. The membrane separation apparatus which has is provided.
Furthermore, the water treatment apparatus 60 of the present embodiment includes an air supply source 64a for carrying out air scrubbing by the air diffusion mechanism of the hollow fiber membrane module 10, and air supplied from the air supply source 64a to supply the air supply pipe 40p. An air supply line 64 for supplying air to the gas storage chamber 30b through (see FIG. 1 etc.) and a sediment discharge line 65 for discharging the sediment in the water tank 62 to be treated are provided.

Further, the permeate extraction line 63 in the water treatment apparatus of FIG. 5 includes a water collection pipe 63b connected to the opening 22s of the cap material 22 at the top of each hollow fiber membrane module 10, and a water collection header pipe communicating with each water collection pipe 63b. 63c and a permeate take-out pipe 63d.
The air supply line 64 includes an air supply source 64a, an air transport pipe 64b for supplying air pressurized by the air supply source 64a, an air transport branch pipe 64d branched from the air transport pipe 64b, Each air transport branch pipe 64d has a tip portion connected to the air supply pipe 40p.
In addition, each hollow fiber membrane module 10 is installed in the water treatment apparatus in a state in which the upper fixing member 20 is immersed entirely below the water surface.

In the water treatment method using the water treatment device 60 configured as described above, the suction pump 63a sucks the upper water collection chamber 20a, and the upper water collection chamber 20a and the support member S communicate with each other. The lower water collection chamber 30a is brought into a negative pressure state, whereby permeate is permeated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane 11, and water is collected from both above and below.
By continuing the suction by the suction pump 63a, the permeated water is discharged from the hollow fiber membrane module and the membrane separation of the water to be treated by the hollow fiber membrane 11 is continued.

In such a process (membrane separation process), suspended substances contained in the water to be treated are mainly captured on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11, and clean water permeates inside the hollow fiber membrane. Permeated as water.
And the suspended substance adhering to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11 becomes a factor which reduces the permeability | transmittance of the hollow fiber membrane 11, and becomes a factor which increases the power load of the suction pump 63a.
Therefore, in order to reduce the efficiency of the membrane separation step, it is preferable to remove the deposits attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11.

In the present embodiment, since the hollow fiber membrane module 10 having the air diffusion mechanism as described above is employed in the water treatment apparatus, the air diffusion step for generating bubbles by the air diffusion mechanism is performed and the attachment is performed. The kimono can be removed.
That is, air is supplied from the air supply source 64a to the gas storage chamber 30b through the air transport pipe 64b, the air transport branch pipe 64d, and the air supply pipe 50, and above the fixing portion that fixes the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane 11. Bubbles are generated upward from the provided air diffusion holes AO, and the hollow fiber membrane 11 is vibrated to remove the deposits.
In addition, if necessary at this time, reverse cleaning is performed to pressurize the water collection chambers 20a and 30a and allow permeate to permeate from the inside to the outside of the hollow fiber membrane 11, contrary to the suction by the suction pump 63a. Also good.

In this air diffusion process, as described above, the hollow fiber membrane 11 disposed in the vicinity of the air diffusion hole AO vibrates excessively by releasing the bubbles in the extending direction of the hollow fiber membrane 11. The deposits are removed while the occurrence of damage to the hollow fiber membrane 11 is suppressed.
Therefore, it is possible to implement an efficient water treatment method while suppressing the possibility that the quality of the permeated water is deteriorated.
This can provide a water treatment method suitable for water treatment that is particularly demanding of water quality.
Note that the water treatment method of the present embodiment is not limited to the case where the permeated water is taken out in a state that can be used as clean water, and can be widely applied to general water treatment.

10: Hollow fiber membrane module, 11: Hollow fiber membrane, 20: Upper fixing member, 20a: (Upper) water collecting chamber, 21: Upper plate, 21a: Upper surface, 21r: Polymer part, 21w: Outer peripheral surface, 22 : Cap material, 22c: top surface part, 22d: opening part, 22s: opening part, 22w: peripheral wall part, 30: lower fixing member, 30a: (lower part) water collecting chamber, 30b: gas storage chamber, 30r: ring, 31: Lower plate-like body, 31a: upper surface, 31b: lower surface, 31f: overhang portion, 31s: sealing member, 31w: peripheral wall portion, 33: cylindrical member, 33h: through hole, 33n: projecting portion, 33p: partition wall, 33s : Seal member, 33w: peripheral side wall, 33w1: flange portion, 33x: bubble passage, 40p: air supply pipe, 41: hollow body, 50: air supply pipe, 60: water treatment device, 61: water to be treated supply line, 62: Water tank to be treated, 63 Permeated water extraction line, 63a: Suction pump, 63b: Water collection pipe, 63c: Water collection header pipe, 63d: Permeated water extraction pipe, 64: Air supply line, 64a: Air supply source, 64b: Air transport pipe, 64d: Air Transport branch pipe, 65: sediment discharge line, AO: air diffuser, CL: clamp, S: support member

Claims (4)

An upper fixing member for fixing the upper end portion of the hollow fiber membrane so that a plurality of hollow fiber membranes can be immersed in the water to be treated in a state where the hollow fiber membranes are extended in the vertical direction to perform membrane separation of the water to be treated; A lower fixing member that fixes a lower end portion, the upper fixing member has a water collection chamber above a fixing portion that fixes the hollow fiber membrane, and the lower fixing member fixes the hollow fiber membrane. A water collecting chamber below the fixed portion, the hollow region inside the hollow fiber membrane communicates with both the upper and lower water collecting chambers, and the permeated water permeated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane is moved up and down. A hollow fiber membrane module that is formed so that water can be collected from both, and further includes an air diffusion mechanism that generates bubbles on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane,
The lower fixing member further includes a gas storage chamber provided below the water collection chamber, and a bubble passage extending from the gas storage chamber through the water collection chamber to the upper surface side of the fixing portion. The gas storage chamber is provided with a gas diffusion mechanism in which gas is stored, the stored gas is floated through the bubble passage, and bubbles are generated above the fixed portion. A hollow fiber membrane module.   The lower fixing member includes a cylindrical member for defining the water collection chamber and the gas storage chamber, and a plate-like body constituting the fixing portion, and the plate-like body is disposed in a horizontal direction. The hollow fiber membrane is penetrated from the upper surface side to the lower surface side and fixed in a state where the hollow fiber membrane is opened on the lower surface side, and the plate-like body has a through-hole penetrating in the thickness direction. The cylindrical member is provided with a cylindrical peripheral side wall having an inner diameter that can be externally fitted to the plate-like body from below and a partition wall that divides the inside of the peripheral side wall vertically. The partition wall protrudes upward at a position corresponding to a position where a through-hole is formed in the plate-like body, has a tip smaller in diameter than the through-hole, and a base end from the through-hole. Has a large-diameter projection, and the tip of the projection is inserted into the through-hole from below. The projecting portion and the opening edge of the through hole are brought into contact with each other to form the water collecting chamber surrounded by the peripheral side wall between the partition wall and the plate-like body, and below the partition wall. The tubular member is externally fitted to the plate-like body by forming the gas storage chamber surrounded by the peripheral side wall on the side, and the through-hole penetrating vertically provided in the protruding portion and the The hollow fiber membrane module according to claim 1, wherein the bubble passage formed by the through hole of the plate-like body is provided.   The hollow fiber membrane module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the permeated water is collected in a state where it can be supplied as clean water. An upper fixing member for fixing the upper end of the hollow fiber membrane and a lower fixing member for fixing the lower end so that the membrane separation can be carried out in a state where a plurality of hollow fiber membranes are extended in the vertical direction The upper fixing member has a water collecting chamber above the fixing portion fixing the hollow fiber membrane, and the lower fixing member has a water collecting chamber below the fixing portion fixing the hollow fiber membrane. The hollow region inside the hollow fiber membrane is communicated with both the upper and lower water collecting chambers, and is formed so as to collect the permeated water permeated from the outside to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane from both the upper and lower sides. The hollow fiber membrane module further comprising an air diffusion mechanism for generating bubbles on the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane is immersed in the water to be treated in the upper water collecting chamber and the lower water collecting chamber. Sucking the collected permeate out of the hollow fiber membrane module Therefore, a membrane separation step of membrane-separating the water to be treated, and a dispersion that vibrates the hollow fiber membrane by generating bubbles with the air diffusion mechanism so as to remove deposits attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane from the surface. A water treatment method for carrying out a gas process,
The lower fixing member includes a gas storage chamber provided below the water collection chamber, and a hollow passage provided from the gas storage chamber through the water collection chamber to the upper surface side of the fixing portion. Using the yarn membrane module, the gas is stored in the gas storage chamber, and the stored gas is floated through the bubble passage, thereby generating the bubbles above the fixed portion and performing the air diffusion step. A water treatment method characterized by:

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