JP2011110496A - Hollow fiber membrane module, membrane separation method, and water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Hollow fiber membrane module, membrane separation method, and water treatment apparatus Download PDF

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JP2011110496A
JP2011110496A JP2009269142A JP2009269142A JP2011110496A JP 2011110496 A JP2011110496 A JP 2011110496A JP 2009269142 A JP2009269142 A JP 2009269142A JP 2009269142 A JP2009269142 A JP 2009269142A JP 2011110496 A JP2011110496 A JP 2011110496A
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hollow fiber
fiber membrane
fixing member
water
tubular body
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Kazutaka Takada
一貴 高田
Akira Ishiyama
明 石山
Katsuyoshi Tanida
克義 谷田
Toshimichi Takeyama
俊通 竹山
Yutaka Ishimaru
豊 石丸
Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
弘幸 水口
Akihiro Morifuji
昭博 森藤
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Shinko Pantec Co Ltd
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Kobelco Eco Solutions Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2009269142A priority Critical patent/JP2011110496A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2010/071009 priority patent/WO2011065418A1/en
Publication of JP2011110496A publication Critical patent/JP2011110496A/en
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<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hollow fiber membrane module suppressing the lowering of a permeation performance in the membrane separation, by effectively air-scrubbing and suppressing damages of the hollow fiber membrane, a membrane separation method, and a water treatment apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: The hollow fiber membrane module is provided that includes the plurality of the vertically extended hollow fiber membranes, upper and lower fixing members fixing the upper and lower ends of the respective hollow fiber membranes, and an air diffusion mechanism diffusing air to the hollow fiber membranes, and is used being dipped in water. The air diffusion mechanism includes a tubular body with both ends fixed to the upper and lower fixing members and extended between the upper and lower fixing members, and air diffusion holes formed on the peripheral face of the tubular body diffusing air in the tube to the hollow fiber membranes. The membrane separation method using the hollow fiber membrane module and the water treatment apparatus provided with the hollow fiber membrane module are also provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、膜分離に用いられる中空糸膜モジュールと、膜分離方法及び水処理装置とに関し、特には、例えば、河川水、湖沼水、地下水、海水などの浄水処理、あるいは下水、工業廃水処理などの膜分離処理などに用いられる中空糸膜モジュール、膜分離方法及び水処理装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane module used for membrane separation, a membrane separation method, and a water treatment device, and in particular, for example, water purification treatment such as river water, lake water, ground water, seawater, or sewage, industrial wastewater treatment. The present invention relates to a hollow fiber membrane module, a membrane separation method, and a water treatment device used for membrane separation treatment.

河川水、湖沼水、地下水、海水などの浄水処理、あるいは下水、工業廃水を処理する水処理装置などにおいて、近年、被処理水中に、中空糸膜を上下方向に延在させて保持した起立姿勢にて浸漬させて、中空糸膜内部を吸引することにより被処理水の膜分離を実施して透過水を得る中空糸膜モジュールが用いられるようになってきている。   Standing posture in which hollow fiber membranes are extended and retained in the water to be treated in recent years in water treatment equipment that treats river water, lake water, groundwater, seawater, etc., or water treatment equipment that treats sewage and industrial wastewater. A hollow fiber membrane module that obtains permeated water by performing membrane separation of water to be treated by immersing in the hollow fiber membrane and sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane has been used.

この種の被処理水の膜分離に用いられる中空糸膜モジュールは、被処理水中の浮遊性固形物や粘着性有機化合物などの付着物が中空糸膜に付着することで中空糸膜の透過性能を低下させやすく、中空糸膜の透過性能が低下すると水処理装置の運転効率をも低下させることとなるため、従来、この透過性能の低下を抑制させる方法が広く検討されている。   The hollow fiber membrane module used for membrane separation of this type of water to be treated has the permeation performance of the hollow fiber membrane by adhering substances such as floating solids and adhesive organic compounds in the water to be treated to the hollow fiber membrane. When the permeation performance of the hollow fiber membrane is lowered, the operation efficiency of the water treatment device is also lowered. Therefore, conventionally, methods for suppressing the decrease in permeation performance have been widely studied.

この透過性能の低下を抑制させる方法として、中空糸膜を上下方向に延在させて膜分離を実施する中空糸膜モジュールにおいては、中空糸膜の下端部側で散気を実施することによって発生させた気泡で中空糸膜表面の付着物を除去するエアスクラビングと呼ばれる方法が知られている。
例えば、上下に離間されて配された固定部材に中空糸膜の両端部をそれぞれ固定させてこの下部側の固定部材の上面側から気泡を発生させて同様に付着物を除去しながら膜分離を実施する方法が知られている。
このような散気を実施するための散気機構を有する中空糸膜モジュールとしては、下記特許文献1、2に記載のものが知られている。
As a method of suppressing this decrease in permeation performance, in a hollow fiber membrane module that performs membrane separation by extending the hollow fiber membrane in the vertical direction, it is generated by performing aeration at the lower end side of the hollow fiber membrane. A method called air scrubbing is known, in which deposits on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane are removed with the generated bubbles.
For example, both ends of the hollow fiber membrane are fixed to fixing members that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, and bubbles are generated from the upper surface side of the lower fixing member to perform membrane separation while removing deposits in the same manner. The method of performing is known.
As a hollow fiber membrane module having an air diffusion mechanism for carrying out such air diffusion, those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below are known.

この特許文献1、2に記載の中空糸膜モジュールは、複数本の中空糸膜を起立姿勢にて保持させ得るように、中空糸膜の両端部の内の一端部(上端部)を固定する上部固定部材と、他端部(下端部)を固定する下部固定部材とが備えられており、この下部固定部材側から被処理水中に気泡を発生させて中空糸膜にエアスクラビングを実施し得るように散気機構を有する。   The hollow fiber membrane modules described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 fix one end (upper end) of both ends of the hollow fiber membrane so that a plurality of hollow fiber membranes can be held in a standing posture. An upper fixing member and a lower fixing member for fixing the other end (lower end) are provided, and air scrubbing can be performed on the hollow fiber membrane by generating bubbles from the lower fixing member side in the water to be treated. It has a diffuser mechanism.

しかし、この特許文献1、2に記載のエアスクラビングの場合、下部固定部材から気泡を発生させるために、下から上への上昇方向の気泡の流れしか作ることができない。
従って、中空糸膜が延設されている方向と平行にしか気泡が移動せず、中空糸膜の付着物を十分に除去できない場合もある。
However, in the case of air scrubbing described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in order to generate bubbles from the lower fixing member, only a flow of bubbles in the upward direction from the bottom to the top can be created.
Therefore, there are cases where the bubbles move only in parallel with the direction in which the hollow fiber membrane is extended, and the adhered matter on the hollow fiber membrane cannot be sufficiently removed.

一方、中空糸膜モジュールの上下両側から透過水を導出する濾過装置が特許文献3に記載されている。
この特許文献3に記載の中空糸モジュールは、中空糸膜の上下端部が開口している集水部を介して、ポンプによって処理液取出管から透過水を導出するものである。
このように上下両側から透過水を導出できるため、上側からのみ透過水を導出する水処理装置比べて効率よく透過水を回収できるという利点がある。
この上下両側に集水部を設けた水処理装置においてエアスクラビングを実施しようとすると、前記のように下部固定部材側にも集水部が設けられているため、下部固定部材から気泡を発生させて中空糸膜に気泡を散気させることが難しい。
そのため、特許文献3には、中空糸膜に水平方向から中空糸膜の間を縫うように管状体を差し込み、該管状体の先端部から気泡を散気させることでエアスクラビングを行う水処理装置が記載されている。
On the other hand, Patent Document 3 describes a filtration device for deriving permeated water from both upper and lower sides of a hollow fiber membrane module.
In the hollow fiber module described in Patent Document 3, permeated water is led out from a processing liquid take-out pipe by a pump through a water collection part having upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane open.
Since the permeated water can be derived from both the upper and lower sides in this way, there is an advantage that the permeated water can be efficiently recovered as compared with the water treatment apparatus that derives the permeated water only from the upper side.
When air scrubbing is attempted in the water treatment apparatus provided with water collecting portions on both the upper and lower sides, since the water collecting portion is also provided on the lower fixing member side as described above, bubbles are generated from the lower fixing member. It is difficult to diffuse air bubbles through the hollow fiber membrane.
Therefore, Patent Document 3 discloses a water treatment apparatus that performs air scrubbing by inserting a tubular body into the hollow fiber membrane so as to sew the space between the hollow fiber membranes from the horizontal direction, and air bubbles are diffused from the tip of the tubular body. Is described.

しかし、中空糸膜の間に前記のような管状体を挿入した場合には、管状体の先端部が露出しているため、先端部が中空糸膜に接触することで中空糸膜が損傷する可能性がある。
このように管状体との接触により中空糸が損傷した場合には、破損部分から懸濁物質を吸い込んでしまい、その結果、良質の処理水が得られず、特に上水処理分野には不適となるという問題がある。
However, when the tubular body as described above is inserted between the hollow fiber membranes, the distal end portion of the tubular body is exposed, and the hollow fiber membrane is damaged when the distal end portion contacts the hollow fiber membrane. there is a possibility.
In this way, when the hollow fiber is damaged by contact with the tubular body, the suspended matter is sucked from the broken portion, and as a result, high-quality treated water cannot be obtained, and is not particularly suitable for the field of water treatment. There is a problem of becoming.

特開2003−326140号公報JP 2003-326140 A 国際公開WO2004/112944号公報International Publication No. WO2004 / 112944 特開2006−305443号公報JP 2006-305443 A

上記従来の問題点に鑑み、本発明は、効果的にエアスクラビングを行い膜分離における透過性能の低下を抑制しつつ、中空糸膜の損傷を抑制させうる中空糸膜モジュール、膜分離方法及び水処理装置を提供することを課題とする。   In view of the above-described conventional problems, the present invention provides a hollow fiber membrane module, a membrane separation method, and water capable of suppressing damage to the hollow fiber membrane while effectively performing air scrubbing and suppressing deterioration in permeation performance in membrane separation. It is an object to provide a processing apparatus.

中空糸膜モジュールのエアスクラビングにおいて、中空糸膜に先端部が接触しない散気機構によって中空糸の損傷を抑制しうること、及び異なる方向へ流れる気泡を発生させることで中空糸膜を効果的に揺らして付着物除去効果や懸濁物等の付着抑制効果を向上させうることを見出して本発明を完成させるにいたった。   In air scrubbing of a hollow fiber membrane module, it is possible to suppress the damage of the hollow fiber by an air diffusion mechanism in which the tip portion does not contact the hollow fiber membrane, and to effectively generate the hollow fiber membrane by generating bubbles flowing in different directions. The present invention has been completed by finding that the effect of removing the deposits and the effect of suppressing the adhesion of the suspended matter can be improved by shaking.

すなわち、中空糸膜モジュールに係る本発明は、上下方向に延在させた複数本の中空糸膜と、該中空糸膜の上下端部側をそれぞれ固定する上部固定部材及び下部固定部材と、前記中空糸膜に散気し得る散気機構とを備えた水中に浸漬して用いられる中空糸膜モジュールであって、前記散気機構が、前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備え、該管状体の周面に管内の気体を前記中空糸膜へ散気可能な散気孔が形成されていることを特徴としている。   That is, the present invention related to the hollow fiber membrane module includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in the vertical direction, an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member that respectively fix the upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane, A hollow fiber membrane module that is used by immersing in water with an air diffusion mechanism that can diffuse air into the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the air diffusion mechanism is fixed at both ends to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member. A tubular body extended between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and air diffused holes capable of diffusing gas in the tube to the hollow fiber membrane are formed on a peripheral surface of the tubular body. It is characterized by that.

また、前記中空糸膜モジュールに係る本発明において、前記中空糸膜の上下端部が開口し、前記中空糸膜の開口した端部から中空糸膜を透過した透過水が収容される上部集水部及び下部集水部を備え、該上部集水部及び下部集水部に収容された透過水を導出する導出機構を備えたことが好ましい。   Further, in the present invention relating to the hollow fiber membrane module, an upper water collecting portion in which upper and lower end portions of the hollow fiber membrane are opened and permeated water that has passed through the hollow fiber membrane from the opened end portion of the hollow fiber membrane is accommodated. It is preferable to provide a derivation mechanism that includes a section and a lower water collection section, and derives the permeated water contained in the upper water collection section and the lower water collection section.

また、前記中空糸膜モジュールに係る本発明において、前記上部固定部材及び下部固定部材に両端部側が固定された支持部材を備え、該支持部材が前記管状体であることが好ましい。   Moreover, in this invention which concerns on the said hollow fiber membrane module, it is preferable to provide the supporting member by which the both ends were fixed to the said upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and this supporting member is the said tubular body.

また、膜分離方法に係る本発明は、上下方向に延在させた複数本の中空糸膜と、該中空糸膜の上下端部側をそれぞれ固定する上部固定部材及び下部固定部材と、前記中空糸膜に散気し得る散気機構とを備えた水中に浸漬して用いられる中空糸膜モジュールを用いた膜分離方法であって、前記散気機構が、前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備え、該管状体の周面に形成された散気孔から管内の気体を前記中空糸膜へ散気することを特徴としている。   Further, the present invention related to the membrane separation method includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in the vertical direction, an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member that respectively fix the upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane, and the hollow A membrane separation method using a hollow fiber membrane module that is used by immersing in water with an aeration mechanism capable of diffusing the yarn membrane, wherein the aeration mechanism includes the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member And a tubular body extending between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and gas in the tube is supplied to the hollow fiber membrane from a diffused hole formed in a peripheral surface of the tubular body. It is characterized by aeration.

また、水処理装置に係る本発明は、上下方向に延在させた複数本の中空糸膜と、該中空糸膜の上下端部側をそれぞれ固定する上部固定部材及び下部固定部材と、前記中空糸膜に散気し得る散気機構とを備えた中空糸膜モジュールが水中に浸漬されて膜分離が実施される水処理装置であって、前記散気機構が、前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備え、該管状体の周面に管内の気体を前記中空糸膜へ散気可能な散気孔が形成されている中空糸膜モジュールが用いられていることを特徴としている。   Further, the present invention related to the water treatment apparatus includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in the vertical direction, an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member that respectively fix the upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane, and the hollow A water treatment apparatus in which a hollow fiber membrane module having an air diffusion mechanism capable of air diffusion is immersed in water to perform membrane separation, wherein the air diffusion mechanism includes the upper fixing member and the lower portion A tubular member having both ends fixed to a fixing member and extending between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member is provided, and gas in the tube can be diffused to the hollow fiber membrane on the peripheral surface of the tubular body A hollow fiber membrane module in which aeration holes are formed is used.

本発明の中空糸モジュールの散気機構は、前記上部固定部材及び下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材と下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備えているため、該管状体の両端の先端部が中空糸膜と接触することがなく、中空糸膜の損傷を抑制できる。
また、前記管状体の周面に中空糸膜へ散気可能な散気孔が形成されているため、散気孔付近で水平方向の気泡の流れができ、さらに浮力により気泡はその後上方へ流れることになる。よって、気泡が中空糸膜に接触する場所によって気泡の流れる方向は異なり、中空糸膜を効果的に揺らすことができ、エアスクラビングによる中空糸膜の付着物除去効果や懸濁物等の付着抑制効果を向上させることができる。
The air diffusion mechanism of the hollow fiber module of the present invention includes a tubular body that is fixed at both ends to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member and extends between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member. The tip portions at both ends of the tubular body do not come into contact with the hollow fiber membrane, and damage to the hollow fiber membrane can be suppressed.
In addition, since the air holes that can diffuse into the hollow fiber membrane are formed on the peripheral surface of the tubular body, horizontal air bubbles can flow near the air holes, and further, the air bubbles can flow upward due to buoyancy. Become. Therefore, the flow direction of the bubbles differs depending on where the bubbles come into contact with the hollow fiber membrane, and the hollow fiber membrane can be shaken effectively, and the adhering removal effect of the hollow fiber membrane by air scrubbing and the adhesion suppression of the suspended matter etc. The effect can be improved.

以上より、本発明によれば中空糸膜の損傷を抑制しながら、且つ効果的なエアスクラビングによる中空糸膜の付着物除去効果や懸濁物等の付着抑制効果を向上させて膜分離における透過性能の低下を抑制できる。   As described above, according to the present invention, while preventing damage to the hollow fiber membrane, and improving the effect of removing the adhering matter of the hollow fiber membrane and the effect of suppressing the adhering of the suspension by effective air scrubbing, the permeation in membrane separation is improved. A decrease in performance can be suppressed.

また、前記中空糸膜の上下に、前記上部固定部材と下部固定部材に露出した膜端部から中空糸膜を透過した透過水が収容される上部集水及び部下集水部がそれぞれ設けられ、該上部集水及び部下集水部に収容された透過水を導出する導出機構が形成されている中空糸膜モジュールにおいて、前記のような散気機構を設けた場合には、エアスクラビングのための散気機構が下端側からの集水を邪魔することがないため、中空糸膜の上下両端側から透過水の集水を容易に行うことができ、より透過効率を高めることができる。
また、同一長さの中空糸膜を使用した場合に、片端部側から集水する片端集水中空糸膜と両端部側から集水する両端集水中空糸膜を比較すると、膜面を透過した水が集水される端部へ到達するまでの最大移動距離は両端集水中空糸膜の方が短いので、中空糸内を集水端へ流れる透過水の通水抵抗は両端集水中空糸膜の方が小さくて済む。
その結果、両端集水中空糸膜では、より小さい圧力で吸水を行えるためポンプ動力を低減できるというメリットもある。
Further, an upper water collection unit and a subordinate water collection unit are provided above and below the hollow fiber membrane, respectively, in which permeated water that has permeated the hollow fiber membrane from the membrane end portions exposed to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member is accommodated. In the hollow fiber membrane module in which the derivation mechanism for deriving the permeated water accommodated in the upper water collection unit and the subordinate water collection unit is formed, when the air diffusion mechanism as described above is provided, for air scrubbing Since the air diffusion mechanism does not interfere with the water collection from the lower end side, the permeated water can be easily collected from the upper and lower end sides of the hollow fiber membrane, and the permeation efficiency can be further improved.
In addition, when hollow fiber membranes of the same length are used, a comparison is made between a single-end water collection hollow fiber membrane that collects water from one end side and a double-end water collection hollow fiber membrane that collects water from both end sides. The maximum travel distance until the collected water reaches the end where water is collected is shorter in the double-ended water collection hollow fiber membrane, so the permeate resistance of the permeate flowing through the hollow fiber to the water collection end is hollow at both ends. The thread membrane is smaller.
As a result, the both-end water-collecting hollow fiber membrane has an advantage that the pump power can be reduced because water can be absorbed at a lower pressure.

さらに、前記上部固定部材及び下部固定部材に両端部側を固定された支持部材を備え、該支持部材が前記管状体である場合には、管状体を中空糸膜の支持部材と兼ねることができ、中空糸膜を支持する部材を別途設ける必要がない。   Further, when the support member is provided with a support member fixed at both ends to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and the support member is the tubular body, the tubular body can also serve as the support member of the hollow fiber membrane. There is no need to separately provide a member for supporting the hollow fiber membrane.

本発明の中空糸膜モジュールの第一の実施形態の構成を示す一部断面図。The partial cross section figure which shows the structure of 1st embodiment of the hollow fiber membrane module of this invention. 図1における中空糸膜モジュールの上面を示す平面図。The top view which shows the upper surface of the hollow fiber membrane module in FIG. 図1における上部固定部材の取り付け構造を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the attachment structure of the upper fixing member in FIG. (a)透過水出口付近の構造の一例を示す断面図、(b)透過水出口付近の構造の他の一例を示す断面図。(A) Sectional drawing which shows an example of the structure of the vicinity of a permeated water outlet, (b) Sectional drawing which shows another example of the structure of the vicinity of a permeated water outlet. 図1における下部固定部材の取り付け構造を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the attachment structure of the lower fixing member in FIG. 図1における管状体の取り付け構造を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the attachment structure of the tubular body in FIG. 気泡の散気状態を示す平面図。The top view which shows the aeration state of a bubble. 管状体の取り付け構造の他の一例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows another example of the attachment structure of a tubular body. 管状体の取り付け構造の他の一例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows another example of the attachment structure of a tubular body. 本発明の水処理装置の一実施形態を示す構成説明図。Structure explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of this invention.

以下、図面に基づき本発明の実施形態について説明する。
図1は本発明の一実施形態の中空糸膜モジュールを起立状態にさせた様子を側面方向から見た一部断面図であり、図2は図1の中空糸モジュールを上部からみた平面図である。
図中の符号10が中空糸膜モジュールを表している。
本実施形態の中空糸膜モジュール10は縦長円筒状に形成されており、その上下方向中間部に複数本の中空糸膜11が露出する状態で備えられている。
本実施形態の中空糸膜モジュール10は、複数本の中空糸膜11の両端部の内の一端部を下部側で固定する下部固定部材20と、他端部を上部側で固定する上部固定部材30の2つの固定部材が用いられている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a state in which a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present invention is set up in an upright state, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the hollow fiber module of FIG. is there.
Reference numeral 10 in the drawing represents a hollow fiber membrane module.
The hollow fiber membrane module 10 of the present embodiment is formed in a vertically long cylindrical shape, and is provided in a state where a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 are exposed at an intermediate portion in the vertical direction.
The hollow fiber membrane module 10 of the present embodiment includes a lower fixing member 20 that fixes one end of both ends of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 on the lower side, and an upper fixing member that fixes the other end on the upper side. Thirty two fixing members are used.

すなわち、複数本の中空糸膜11は、両端部が揃えられた状態でその長さ方向を上下方向に延在させて中空糸膜モジュール10に備えられている。
なお、中空糸膜モジュール10を構成する中空糸膜11としては、精密ろ過膜又は限外濾過膜等が用いられうる。
That is, the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 are provided in the hollow fiber membrane module 10 with their lengths extending in the vertical direction with both ends aligned.
In addition, as the hollow fiber membrane 11 which comprises the hollow fiber membrane module 10, a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane etc. can be used.

前記上部固定部材30は、円筒体31と、透過水出口32aおよび中央部に設けられた管状体取り付け孔32bを有して前記円筒体31上側に取り付けられる円形上板32が備えられている。
図3は、上部固定部材30の一部を拡大した断面図であり、この図3に示すように前記円筒体31の下端周縁部にはフランジ部31aが形成されている。
前記上部固定部材30の内側には板状部34が備えられている。
板状部34は、接着剤が固化されて板状に形成されたものであり、前記中空糸膜11はその端部を前記板状部34の下面側から上面側に貫通させて板状部34に固定されている。
The upper fixing member 30 includes a cylindrical body 31, a permeated water outlet 32 a, and a circular upper plate 32 attached to the upper side of the cylindrical body 31 with a tubular body mounting hole 32 b provided at the center.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the upper fixing member 30. As shown in FIG.
A plate-like portion 34 is provided inside the upper fixing member 30.
The plate-like portion 34 is formed into a plate shape by solidifying the adhesive, and the hollow fiber membrane 11 has its end portion penetrating from the lower surface side to the upper surface side of the plate-like portion 34. 34 is fixed.

板状部34の下端周縁部にはフランジ部34aが形成されており、板状部34のフランジ部34aと前記上部固定部材30の円筒体31のフランジ部31aが図3に示すようにOリング36aを介して密着状態で接合されている。
さらに、円筒体31の内周面と板上部34の外周面もOリング36bを介して密着状態で接合され、該接合部分の外側に環状固定部材37を嵌めて、上部固定部材30と板状体34がシールされた状態で固定されている。
A flange portion 34a is formed at the lower peripheral edge of the plate-like portion 34, and the flange portion 34a of the plate-like portion 34 and the flange portion 31a of the cylindrical body 31 of the upper fixing member 30 are O-rings as shown in FIG. It is joined in close contact via 36a.
Further, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the plate upper part 34 are also joined in close contact with each other via an O-ring 36b, and an annular fixing member 37 is fitted on the outer side of the joined part to form a plate-like shape with the upper fixing member 30. The body 34 is fixed in a sealed state.

前記中空糸膜11は、そのすべてが一束となるように束ねられた状態で前記接着剤により固定されており、その上端縁が前記板状部34の上面34bと面一となるように固定されている。
従って、前記板状部34の上面側には、前記接着剤によって形成された接着剤部分と、前記中空糸膜11の端部が開口する部分とが比較的均一に分散された状態で形成されており、しかも、前記板状部34の上面34b全面に形成されている。
また、前記中空糸膜11を固定する接着剤が、板状部34の上面側から下面側に向けて略一定の深さに充填固化されることにより、前記板状部34が略一定の厚みに形成されている。
The hollow fiber membrane 11 is fixed by the adhesive in a state of being bundled so that all of the hollow fiber membranes 11 are bundled, and fixed so that the upper end edge thereof is flush with the upper surface 34b of the plate-like portion 34. Has been.
Therefore, an adhesive portion formed by the adhesive and a portion where the end of the hollow fiber membrane 11 is opened are formed on the upper surface side of the plate-like portion 34 in a relatively uniform manner. Moreover, it is formed on the entire upper surface 34b of the plate-like portion 34.
The adhesive for fixing the hollow fiber membrane 11 is filled and solidified to a substantially constant depth from the upper surface side to the lower surface side of the plate-like portion 34, so that the plate-like portion 34 has a substantially constant thickness. Is formed.

前記上部固定部材30内の上部且つ前記板状部34の上方側には、透過水が収容される上部集水部35が形成されており、該上部集水部35は、各中空糸膜11の上端部の開口に連通している。
上部集水部35に繋がる透過水出口32aには、中空糸膜モジュール10外部に設置された吸引ポンプに連結されている配管が接続される。
上記のように、上部固定部材30と板状部34はそれぞれのフランジ部31a、34aと円筒体31の内周面と板上部34の外周面をOリング36a,36bを介して密着して取り付けられているため、上部集水部35は、中空糸膜11の開口および透過水出口32aを除いて外部とは隔離された空間となっている。
An upper water collecting portion 35 for accommodating permeated water is formed in the upper portion of the upper fixing member 30 and above the plate-like portion 34, and the upper water collecting portion 35 is formed in each hollow fiber membrane 11. It communicates with the opening at the upper end of the.
A pipe connected to a suction pump installed outside the hollow fiber membrane module 10 is connected to the permeated water outlet 32 a connected to the upper water collecting section 35.
As described above, the upper fixing member 30 and the plate-like portion 34 are attached with the flange portions 31a and 34a, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the plate upper portion 34 in close contact via the O-rings 36a and 36b. Therefore, the upper water collecting part 35 is a space isolated from the outside except for the opening of the hollow fiber membrane 11 and the permeated water outlet 32a.

前記透過水出口32aと配管の接続手段は任意の接合手段が採用できるが、例えば、図4(a)に示すようなソケットSを介して接続することができる。ソケットSを透過水出口32aの外周に嵌めて、透過水出口32aの外周面32cとソケットS内周面を接着することで、シールされた状態で配管と接続することができる。
あるいは、図4(b)に示すようなバルブソケットBSを介して配管を接続してもよい。バルブソケットBSの一方の開口外周にはネジ山が形成されており、このネジ山部分を前記透過水出口32a内に螺合させて、透過水出口32aとバルブソケットBSを取り付ける。この場合には透過水出口32a内周面32dにネジ溝を形成しておく必要がある。
Arbitrary joining means can be adopted as the means for connecting the permeated water outlet 32a and the pipe. For example, the permeated water outlet 32a can be connected via a socket S as shown in FIG. By fitting the socket S to the outer periphery of the permeate outlet 32a and bonding the outer peripheral surface 32c of the permeate outlet 32a and the inner peripheral surface of the socket S, the socket S can be connected to the pipe in a sealed state.
Alternatively, piping may be connected via a valve socket BS as shown in FIG. A screw thread is formed on the outer periphery of one opening of the valve socket BS, and the thread part is screwed into the permeate outlet 32a to attach the permeate outlet 32a and the valve socket BS. In this case, it is necessary to form a thread groove on the inner peripheral surface 32d of the permeate outlet 32a.

下部固定部材20は、上部固定部材30の円筒体31と同一寸法の内径を持つ円筒体21と、円筒体21内の下端側に取り付けられた円板状をなす円形下板22とを有している。
図5は下部固定部材20の一部を拡大した断面図であるが、この図5に示すように前記上部固定部材30と同様に、前記円筒体21上端周縁部にはフランジ部21aが形成され、下部固定部材20の内側には板状部24が備えられている。
該板状部24は、接着剤が固化されて板状に形成されたものであり、前記中空糸膜11は、その下端部を前記板状部24の上面側から下面側に貫通させて板状部24に固定されている。
The lower fixing member 20 includes a cylindrical body 21 having an inner diameter of the same size as the cylindrical body 31 of the upper fixing member 30 and a circular lower plate 22 having a disk shape attached to the lower end side in the cylindrical body 21. ing.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the lower fixing member 20. As shown in FIG. 5, a flange portion 21a is formed at the upper peripheral edge of the cylindrical body 21 as in the upper fixing member 30. A plate-like portion 24 is provided inside the lower fixing member 20.
The plate-like portion 24 is formed into a plate shape by solidifying an adhesive, and the hollow fiber membrane 11 is formed by penetrating the lower end portion from the upper surface side to the lower surface side of the plate-like portion 24. It is fixed to the shape part 24.

下部固定部材20と、板状部24の取り付け方法は、前記上部固定部材30と板状部34の取り付け手段と同様取り付けられている。
すなわち、図5に示すように、板状部24の上端周縁部にはフランジ部24aが形成されており、該板状部24のフランジ部24aと前記下部固定部材20の円筒体21のフランジ部21aが図4に示すようにOリング26aを介して密着状態で接合され、さらに、円筒体21の内周面と板上部24の外周面もOリング26bを介して密着状態で接合され、該接合部分の外側に環状固定部材27を嵌めて、下部固定部材20と板状体24がシールされた状態で固定されている。
尚、前記上部固定部材30及下部固定部材20の円筒体31、21、円形上板32、22は金属や樹脂などの任意の材質から成形や削り出しなど公知の方法により一体的に形成することができる。
The lower fixing member 20 and the plate-like portion 24 are attached in the same manner as the attachment means for the upper fixing member 30 and the plate-like portion 34.
That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a flange portion 24 a is formed at the upper peripheral edge of the plate-like portion 24, and the flange portion 24 a of the plate-like portion 24 and the flange portion of the cylindrical body 21 of the lower fixing member 20. As shown in FIG. 4, 21a is joined in close contact through an O-ring 26a, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the plate upper portion 24 are also joined in close contact through an O-ring 26b. An annular fixing member 27 is fitted to the outside of the joint portion, and the lower fixing member 20 and the plate-like body 24 are fixed in a sealed state.
The cylindrical bodies 31 and 21 and the circular upper plates 32 and 22 of the upper fixing member 30 and the lower fixing member 20 are integrally formed by a known method such as molding or cutting out from any material such as metal or resin. Can do.

前記下部固定部材20内の下部には、前記板状部24の下方側に透過水が収容される下部集水部25が形成されており、下部集水部25は、各中空糸膜11の下端部の開口に連通している。   A lower water collecting part 25 that stores permeated water is formed below the plate-like part 24 at the lower part of the lower fixing member 20, and the lower water collecting part 25 is formed on each hollow fiber membrane 11. It communicates with the opening at the lower end.

中空糸膜モジュール10には、上部の板状部34及び下部の板状部25を貫通してそれぞれの上下端部が前記上部集水部35と前記下部集水部25に開口する透過水管40が3本設けられている。
3本の透過水管40a,40b,40cは中空糸膜11と平行に上下方向に延設され、その端部は図2に示すように、上部固定部材30側から見た場合に、板状体32の径方向中心を中心とする放射線上(それぞれ120度のひらき角となる3本の放射線L1〜L3上)に、板状部32の径方向中心から等距離となるように配置されている。
尚、透過水管40の本数と配置はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば板状体24、34の外部に設置してもよい。
The hollow fiber membrane module 10 includes a permeate pipe 40 that passes through the upper plate portion 34 and the lower plate portion 25 and has upper and lower ends opened to the upper water collection portion 35 and the lower water collection portion 25. Are provided.
The three permeated water tubes 40a, 40b, and 40c extend in the vertical direction in parallel with the hollow fiber membrane 11, and the end portions thereof are plate-like bodies when viewed from the upper fixing member 30 side as shown in FIG. It is arranged on the radiation centering on the radial center of 32 (on the three radiations L1 to L3 each having an opening angle of 120 degrees) so as to be equidistant from the radial center of the plate-like portion 32. .
In addition, the number and arrangement | positioning of the permeation | transmission water pipe 40 are not limited to this, For example, you may install in the exterior of the plate-shaped bodies 24 and 34. FIG.

尚、前記下部集水部25内は上記のように、板状部24と円筒体21がそれぞれのフランジ部21a、24aと、円筒体21の内周面と板状24の外周面をOリング26a,26bを介して密着して取り付けられているため、中空糸膜11の下端部及び透過水管40の開口部を除いて外部とは隔離された空間となっている。   In the lower water collecting portion 25, as described above, the plate-like portion 24 and the cylindrical body 21 are O-rings of the flange portions 21a, 24a, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 21, and the outer peripheral surface of the plate-like 24, respectively. Since they are attached in close contact with each other through 26 a and 26 b, the space is isolated from the outside except for the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane 11 and the opening of the permeate pipe 40.

前記上部集水部35に配管を介して接続された吸引ポンプによって中空糸膜11内部が吸引されて中空糸膜11が被処理水の膜分離を行う。
膜分離によって中空糸膜11を透過した透過水は中空糸膜11上端部からは上部集水部35に回収される。
一方、中空糸膜11の下部からも前記透過水管40を介して吸引ポンプによって吸引されるため、前記下部集水部25に透過水が回収される。
さらに、この下部集水部25に回収された透過水は透過水管40を介して伝わる吸引ポンプの吸引力によって上部集水部35に移送され、ここで上部集水部35に回収された透過水と合流されて透過水出口32aから中空糸膜モジュール10の外へ導出される。
The inside of the hollow fiber membrane 11 is sucked by a suction pump connected to the upper water collecting portion 35 via a pipe, and the hollow fiber membrane 11 performs membrane separation of the water to be treated.
Permeated water that has permeated through the hollow fiber membrane 11 by membrane separation is recovered from the upper end of the hollow fiber membrane 11 to the upper water collecting portion 35.
On the other hand, since it is also sucked by the suction pump through the permeate pipe 40 from the lower part of the hollow fiber membrane 11, the permeated water is collected in the lower water collecting part 25.
Further, the permeated water collected in the lower water collecting section 25 is transferred to the upper water collecting section 35 by the suction force of the suction pump transmitted through the permeated water pipe 40, and here the permeated water collected in the upper water collecting section 35. And is led out of the hollow fiber membrane module 10 from the permeate outlet 32a.

さらに、中空糸膜モジュール10には、前記上部固定部材30と前記下部固定部材20の間に延設された管状体51が設けられている。
該管状体51は、金属或いは合成樹脂等のある程度強度のある材質から形成され、且つその上端部が前記板状体32の管状体取り付け孔32bに挿入され、下端部が下部固定部材20の板状体24に埋設されて固定されることで、中空糸膜11の中心部に配置されている。
Further, the hollow fiber membrane module 10 is provided with a tubular body 51 extending between the upper fixing member 30 and the lower fixing member 20.
The tubular body 51 is formed of a material having some strength such as metal or synthetic resin, and its upper end is inserted into the tubular body mounting hole 32b of the plate-like body 32, and its lower end is a plate of the lower fixing member 20. By being embedded and fixed in the shape body 24, the hollow fiber membrane 11 is disposed at the center.

管状体51の上端部が挿入された前記管状体取り付け孔32bには、中空糸膜モジュール10の外部に設けられたブロアから管状体51内部にエアを供給可能な空気供給ラインが接続されており、中空糸膜11へ散気するための散気機構50を構成している。
前記管状体51の下方の周面には、ブロアから管状体51内に送られてきたエアを中空糸膜11に向かって気泡として接触させる散気孔52が形成されている。
An air supply line capable of supplying air from the blower provided outside the hollow fiber membrane module 10 to the inside of the tubular body 51 is connected to the tubular body mounting hole 32b into which the upper end portion of the tubular body 51 is inserted. An air diffusion mechanism 50 for air diffusion to the hollow fiber membrane 11 is configured.
On the lower peripheral surface of the tubular body 51, there are formed air diffusion holes 52 that allow air sent from the blower into the tubular body 51 to come into contact with the hollow fiber membrane 11 as bubbles.

前記管状体51は、その上端部を上部固定部材30の管状体取り付け孔32bに挿入され、且つ下端部を下部固定部材20の板状体24に埋設されて固定されているため、上下端部が空糸膜11に接触することはない。
また、前記管状体は、金属或いは合成樹脂等のある程度強度のある材質から形成され且つその上下端部が上部固定部材及び下部固定部材に固定されているため、中空糸膜11を支える支持部材としても機能する。
The tubular body 51 has an upper end inserted into the tubular body mounting hole 32b of the upper fixing member 30 and a lower end embedded in and fixed to the plate-like body 24 of the lower fixing member 20. Does not come into contact with the empty fiber membrane 11.
Further, the tubular body is formed of a material having a certain degree of strength such as metal or synthetic resin, and the upper and lower ends thereof are fixed to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member. Also works.

管状体51を板状体32の管状体取り付け孔32bに取り付ける方法は適宜従来の取り付け方法を採用しうるが、例えば、図6に示すように、管状体51の嵌合部分の外周面に設けられたネジ溝部分51aにシールテープTを巻きつけて、板状体32の管状体取り付け孔32bに該シールテープを介して螺合することで、管状体51を管状体取り付け孔32bにシールされた状態で取り付けることができる。   As a method for attaching the tubular body 51 to the tubular body attachment hole 32b of the plate-like body 32, a conventional attachment method can be adopted as appropriate. For example, as shown in FIG. The sealing tape T is wound around the threaded groove portion 51a and is screwed into the tubular body mounting hole 32b of the plate-like body 32 via the sealing tape, whereby the tubular body 51 is sealed to the tubular body mounting hole 32b. It can be attached in the state.

なお、管状体51に散気孔52を設ける位置は任意に設定でき、例えば中空糸膜11の全体にわたって有効にエアスクラビングしうるべく下方側の周面に設けることや、あるいは中空糸上部の付着物除去を重視して上方側に設けることが可能である。   The position where the air diffuser holes 52 are provided in the tubular body 51 can be arbitrarily set. For example, the air diffuser 52 can be provided on the peripheral surface on the lower side so that the entire hollow fiber membrane 11 can be effectively air scrubbed, or the adhering material on the upper part of the hollow fiber It can be provided on the upper side with emphasis on removal.

前記散気機構50の管状体51から気泡を散気することでエアスクラビングを行う。
図7に管状体51から気泡を散気する状態を示した。
前記管状体51内のエアは前記ブロアによって前記散気孔52から気泡として散気されるが、管状体51は上下方向に延設されているため、管状体51の周面に形成されている散気孔52より気泡は水平方向に散気される。気泡は浮力によって下から上に向かって上昇し、また気泡の上昇に伴って水流が形成される。
従って、中空糸膜11へ接触する気泡および水流による中空糸膜11の揺動により、エアスクラビングが効果的に行われる。
Air scrubbing is performed by air bubbles being diffused from the tubular body 51 of the air diffusion mechanism 50.
FIG. 7 shows a state where air bubbles are diffused from the tubular body 51.
The air in the tubular body 51 is diffused as bubbles from the diffuser holes 52 by the blower. However, since the tubular body 51 extends in the vertical direction, the air diffused formed on the peripheral surface of the tubular body 51. Bubbles are diffused in the horizontal direction from the pores 52. The bubbles rise from bottom to top by buoyancy, and a water flow is formed as the bubbles rise.
Therefore, air scrubbing is effectively performed by the rocking of the hollow fiber membrane 11 caused by bubbles and water flowing in contact with the hollow fiber membrane 11.

散気孔52を設ける個数については、中空糸膜11全体に気泡がいきわたるような個数を適宜設定できる。
散気孔52を複数形成する場合には、各散気孔を形成する位置は適宜任意に設定できるが、例えば、管状体の径方向に放射状に散気されるように、管状体51の周面に散気孔が形成されていてもよい。この場合には、色々な方向に気泡を散気することができるためより中空糸膜11の広い方向に気泡をいきわたらせることができる。
The number of air holes 52 can be set as appropriate so that the air bubbles can be distributed throughout the hollow fiber membrane 11.
In the case of forming a plurality of air diffusion holes 52, the positions where the air diffusion holes are formed can be arbitrarily set as appropriate. For example, the peripheral surface of the tubular body 51 is radially diffused in the radial direction of the tubular body 51. Aeration holes may be formed. In this case, since the bubbles can be diffused in various directions, the bubbles can be spread in a wider direction of the hollow fiber membrane 11.

散気孔52の開口面積については、開口面積を小さくして、散気孔52を通過する空気の流速を高めることによって、中空糸膜11の表面に勢い良く気泡を接触させることができ高い付着物除去効果を得ることができる。
一方で、散気孔52の開口面積を小さくすると、散気を停止させている間等において散気孔52の目詰まりを発生させるおそれがある。
このような点において、散気孔52は、例えば散気孔の形状が円形の場合は、直径3〜25mmとなるように形成されていることが好ましい。
With respect to the opening area of the diffuser holes 52, by reducing the open area and increasing the flow velocity of the air passing through the diffuser holes 52, it is possible to bring the bubbles into contact with the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11 with high adhesion removal. An effect can be obtained.
On the other hand, if the opening area of the air diffuser 52 is reduced, the air diffuser 52 may be clogged while the air diffuser is stopped.
In this respect, the air diffuser 52 is preferably formed to have a diameter of 3 to 25 mm when the air diffuser has a circular shape, for example.

さらに、中空糸膜11の有効長さ(中空糸膜が水に接触する部分の長さ)は、中空糸膜の内径等にもよるが800〜5000mmが好ましく、例えば、中空糸膜の内径が0.5〜1.2mmである場合においては、透過効率の観点から、1000〜3000mmが好ましい。   Further, the effective length of the hollow fiber membrane 11 (the length of the portion where the hollow fiber membrane is in contact with water) is preferably 800 to 5000 mm, although it depends on the inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane, for example, the inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is In the case of 0.5 to 1.2 mm, 1000 to 3000 mm is preferable from the viewpoint of transmission efficiency.

なお、本実施形態の中空糸膜モジュール10には、上記例示の態様に加え種々の改良が加えられたものを採用することができる。   In addition, the hollow fiber membrane module 10 of this embodiment can employ | adopt the thing to which various improvement was added in addition to the aspect of the said illustration.

例えば、上記中空糸膜モジュール10において、透過水管40の本数は、透過水を集水する量などにあわせて3本に限らず任意に設定でき、2本又は4以上の複数本、又は1本であってもよい。
さらに、透過水管40の管の内径も、集水量及び透過水管の本数にあわせて適宜設定できる。
For example, in the hollow fiber membrane module 10, the number of the permeated water tubes 40 is not limited to three according to the amount of collected permeated water, and can be arbitrarily set. It may be.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the permeated water pipe 40 can also be set appropriately according to the amount of water collected and the number of permeated water pipes.

また、管状体51の管状体取り付け孔32bへの取り付け手段についても管状体51をシールされた状態で管状体取り付け孔32bへ取り付けることが可能な手段であればどのような手段であってもよい。
例えば、図8に示すように、あらかじめ管状体取り付け孔32b内部にコーキング剤Cを充填しておき、管状体51のネジ部51aを孔の内部に螺合させてシールされた状態に取り付けてもよい。このようにコーキング剤Cを使用する場合には、コーキング剤を管状体取り付け孔32b内部充填した後に負圧状態にしながら管状体51を螺合させることで、コーキング剤Cが管状体取り付け孔32bと管状体51間に隙間なく充填される。
あるいは図9に示すように、管状体51を管状体取り付け孔32bに挿入して、パッキングPを介してナットNを取り付けることでシールされた状態に取り付けてもよい。
The means for attaching the tubular body 51 to the tubular body attaching hole 32b may be any means as long as it can attach the tubular body 51 to the tubular body attaching hole 32b in a sealed state. .
For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the caulking agent C is filled in the tubular body mounting hole 32b in advance, and the threaded portion 51a of the tubular body 51 is screwed into the hole to be attached in a sealed state. Good. Thus, when using the caulking agent C, the caulking agent C is screwed into the tubular body mounting hole 32b by screwing the tubular body 51 while filling the inside of the tubular body mounting hole 32b with the caulking agent in a negative pressure state. The tubular bodies 51 are filled without any gaps.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9, the tubular body 51 may be inserted into the tubular body attachment hole 32 b and attached in a sealed state by attaching a nut N via the packing P.

さらに、管状体51の本数も任意に設定でき、1本であることに限られず、2本以上設けられていてもよい。
さらに、中空糸膜モジュールの形状も任意に設定でき、縦長円筒状であることに限られず、例えば、三角柱状、四角柱状、六角柱状等の多角柱状であってもよい。
Furthermore, the number of the tubular bodies 51 can also be set arbitrarily, and is not limited to one, and two or more may be provided.
Furthermore, the shape of the hollow fiber membrane module can be arbitrarily set, and is not limited to a vertically long cylindrical shape, and may be a polygonal column shape such as a triangular column shape, a quadrangular column shape, or a hexagonal column shape.

また、管状体取り付け孔32bを上部固定部材30に形成することにも限定されない。
例えば、前記下部固定部材20の円形下板22に管状体取り付け孔を設け、ブロアからの空気を下部固定部材20側から管状体51内に吹き込んでもよい。
Further, the tubular body attachment hole 32 b is not limited to being formed in the upper fixing member 30.
For example, a tubular body attachment hole may be provided in the circular lower plate 22 of the lower fixing member 20, and air from the blower may be blown into the tubular body 51 from the lower fixing member 20 side.

さらに、本実施形態では、上下両側に上部集水部35、下部集水部25を設け、且つ両端部が上下集水部に開口している透過水管40を設け、中空糸膜11の上下両端側から透過水を回収する構成にしたが、透過水の回収も上下どちらか一方からのみ回収することでもよい。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper water collecting part 35 and the lower water collecting part 25 are provided on both the upper and lower sides, and the permeate pipes 40 whose both ends are open to the upper and lower water collecting parts are provided. Although the permeated water is collected from the side, the permeated water may be collected from only one of the upper and lower sides.

次に、図10を参照しつつ、水処理装置およびこの水処理装置において実施される膜分離方法について説明する。
図10は、前記実施形態の中空糸膜モジュール10が用いられた水処理装置の一実施形態を示す構成説明図である。
Next, a water treatment device and a membrane separation method performed in the water treatment device will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 10 is a configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of a water treatment apparatus using the hollow fiber membrane module 10 of the embodiment.

図10に示すように、水処理装置60には、被処理水供給ライン61からの被処理水が供給される被処理水槽62が備えられている。
また、本実施形態の水処理装置60には、この被処理水槽62内の被処理水中に起立姿勢で浸漬されて配置された複数の中空糸膜モジュール10と、これらの中空糸膜モジュール10に接続され、吸引ポンプ63aを有して該吸引ポンプ63aによって中空糸膜内部を吸引することにより被処理水の膜ろ過による固液分離を行って透過水を導出するための透過水取出しライン63を有する膜分離装置が備えられている。
さらに、本実施形態の水処理装置60には、中空糸膜モジュール10の管状体51にエアを送るためのブロア64aと、被処理水槽62内の沈殿物を排出するための沈殿物排出ライン65とを備えている。
As shown in FIG. 10, the water treatment apparatus 60 includes a water tank 62 to be treated to which water to be treated from a water supply line 61 to be treated is supplied.
Further, the water treatment apparatus 60 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 10 arranged so as to be immersed in a standing posture in the water to be treated in the water tank 62 to be treated, and the hollow fiber membrane modules 10. A permeated water extraction line 63 is connected and has a suction pump 63a, and performs solid-liquid separation by membrane filtration of the water to be treated by sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane by the suction pump 63a to derive permeated water. The membrane separation apparatus which has is provided.
Furthermore, in the water treatment apparatus 60 of the present embodiment, a blower 64a for sending air to the tubular body 51 of the hollow fiber membrane module 10 and a sediment discharge line 65 for discharging the sediment in the water tank 62 to be treated. And.

前記透過水取出しライン63は、各中空糸膜モジュール10の透過水出口32aに接続された集水管63b、各集水管63bに連通する集水ヘッダー管63c、透過水取出し管63dを備えている。   The permeate take-out line 63 includes a water collection pipe 63b connected to the permeate outlet 32a of each hollow fiber membrane module 10, a water collection header pipe 63c communicating with each water collection pipe 63b, and a permeate take-out pipe 63d.

また、前記ブロア64aには、該ブロア64aによって加圧された空気を供給する空気輸送管64bが接続され、該空気輸送管64bは、各中空糸膜モジュール内部に上下方向に挿入されている管状体51と空気供給配管64cを介して接続されている。
前記管状体51の下端部は各中空糸膜モジュール10の下部固定部材24内に埋設されて固定されている。
なお、各中空糸膜モジュール10は、その上部固定部材30全体が水面より下方に位置するように設置されている。
The blower 64a is connected to an air transport pipe 64b for supplying air pressurized by the blower 64a, and the air transport pipe 64b is inserted into each hollow fiber membrane module in a vertical direction. The body 51 is connected to the air supply pipe 64c.
The lower end portion of the tubular body 51 is embedded and fixed in the lower fixing member 24 of each hollow fiber membrane module 10.
Each hollow fiber membrane module 10 is installed such that the entire upper fixing member 30 is located below the water surface.

このような水処理装置60の膜分離装置においては、通常、前記吸引ポンプ63aによって中空糸膜内部を吸引することにより中空糸膜で被処理水を膜分離(ろ過)して、透過水を透過水取出しライン63を通じて導出させる膜分離が実施されうる。
一方、前記水処理装置60において、前記ブロア64aから送られる空気によって、前記中空糸膜の表面に付着した懸濁物等を除去するエアスクラビングが実施されうる。
さらに、水処理装置60の被処理水槽62内の沈殿物は、前記沈殿物排出ライン65から排出される。
In such a membrane separator of the water treatment device 60, normally, the water to be treated is separated (filtered) by the hollow fiber membrane by sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane by the suction pump 63a, and the permeated water is permeated. Membrane separation led out through the water extraction line 63 can be performed.
On the other hand, in the water treatment device 60, air scrubbing for removing suspended matters and the like attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane by air sent from the blower 64a can be performed.
Further, the precipitate in the water tank 62 to be treated of the water treatment device 60 is discharged from the precipitate discharge line 65.

より具体的に説明すると、前記膜分離装置においては、前記吸引ポンプ63aによって中空糸内部を吸引すると、中空糸膜で被処理水を濾過し、透過水は中空糸膜モジュール11の上下位置に設けられた前記上下部集水部35,25(図1に示す)にそれぞれ回収される。
下部集水部25に収容された透過水は、前記透過水管40によって上部集水部35に移送され、上部集水部35に回収された透過水とともに前記透過水出口32aに取り付けられた前記集水管63bから集水ヘッダー管63cを経て透過水取出し管63dを通って取り出される。
このように中空糸膜モジュール10の上下側から透過水を回収できるため、効率よく膜分離を行うことができる。
More specifically, in the membrane separation device, when the inside of the hollow fiber is sucked by the suction pump 63a, the water to be treated is filtered by the hollow fiber membrane, and the permeated water is provided at the upper and lower positions of the hollow fiber membrane module 11. The upper and lower water collecting sections 35 and 25 (shown in FIG. 1) are respectively collected.
The permeated water accommodated in the lower water collecting part 25 is transferred to the upper water collecting part 35 by the permeated water pipe 40 and together with the permeated water collected in the upper water collecting part 35, the collected water attached to the permeated water outlet 32a. It is taken out from the water pipe 63b through the collected water header pipe 63c and the permeated water take-out pipe 63d.
Thus, since permeated water can be collected from the upper and lower sides of the hollow fiber membrane module 10, membrane separation can be performed efficiently.

一方、前記ブロア64aから、空気輸送管64bを通じて中空糸膜モジュール10内に延設されている管状体51の下方に空気が供給され、前記散気孔52から中空糸膜11へ気泡が散気される。
このとき、散気孔52は管状体51の周面に形成されているため散気孔52付近では水平方向に気泡の流れが生じ、その後は浮力によって上昇する方向に気泡の流れは変化していく(図7に示す)。
すなわち、中空糸膜11は気泡と接触する位置によって、色々な方向に流れる気泡に揺らされることになり、より効果的にエアスクラビングが行われる。
On the other hand, air is supplied from the blower 64a to the lower part of the tubular body 51 extending into the hollow fiber membrane module 10 through the air transport pipe 64b, and air bubbles are diffused from the air diffusion holes 52 to the hollow fiber membrane 11. The
At this time, since the air diffusion holes 52 are formed on the peripheral surface of the tubular body 51, a flow of bubbles is generated in the horizontal direction in the vicinity of the air diffusion holes 52, and thereafter, the flow of bubbles changes in the direction of rising by buoyancy ( As shown in FIG.
That is, the hollow fiber membrane 11 is shaken by the bubbles flowing in various directions depending on the position in contact with the bubbles, and air scrubbing is performed more effectively.

本実施形態の水処理装置は、前記のように中空糸膜の上下両側から透過水を回収でき且つ透過水の集水を邪魔することなく中空糸膜11へ散気可能であるため、効果的にエアスクラビングができる。   Since the water treatment apparatus of this embodiment can collect permeate from both the upper and lower sides of the hollow fiber membrane as described above and can diffuse into the hollow fiber membrane 11 without interfering with the permeate collection, it is effective. Air scrubbing is possible.

10:中空糸膜モジュール、11:中空糸膜、20:下部固定部材、21、31:円筒体、21a、31a:フランジ部、22:円形下板、24、34:板状体、24a、34a:フランジ部、25:下部集水部、26a、26b、36a、37b:Oリング、27、37:環状固定部材、30:上部固定部材、32:円形上板、32b:管状体取り付け孔、32a:透過水出口、32c:透過水出口外周面、35上部集水部、40(40a,40b,40c):透過水管、51:管状体、52:散気孔、60:水処理装置、61:被処理水供給ライン、62:被処理水槽、63:透過水取出しライン、63b:集水管、63c:集水ヘッダー管、63d:透過水取出し管、63a:吸引ポンプ、64b:空気輸送管、64c:空気供給配管、64a:ブロア、65:沈殿物排出ライン 10: Hollow fiber membrane module, 11: Hollow fiber membrane, 20: Lower fixing member, 21, 31: Cylindrical body, 21a, 31a: Flange, 22: Circular lower plate, 24, 34: Plate body, 24a, 34a : Flange part, 25: lower water collecting part, 26a, 26b, 36a, 37b: O-ring, 27, 37: annular fixing member, 30: upper fixing member, 32: circular upper plate, 32b: tubular body mounting hole, 32a : Permeated water outlet, 32c: Permeated water outlet outer peripheral surface, 35 upper water collecting part, 40 (40a, 40b, 40c): Permeated water pipe, 51: Tubular body, 52: Air diffuser, 60: Water treatment device, 61: Covered Treated water supply line, 62: treated water tank, 63: permeated water take-out line, 63b: water collecting pipe, 63c: water collecting header pipe, 63d: permeated water take-out pipe, 63a: suction pump, 64b: air transport pipe, 64c: Air supply piping 64a: blower, 65: sediment discharge line

Claims (5)

上下方向に延在させた複数本の中空糸膜と、該中空糸膜の上下端部側をそれぞれ固定する上部固定部材及び下部固定部材と、前記中空糸膜に散気し得る散気機構とを備えた水中に浸漬して用いられる中空糸膜モジュールであって、
前記散気機構が、前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備え、該管状体の周面に管内の気体を前記中空糸膜へ散気可能な散気孔が形成されていることを特徴とする中空糸膜モジュール。
A plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in the vertical direction, an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member that respectively fix the upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane, and an air diffusion mechanism that can diffuse into the hollow fiber membrane; A hollow fiber membrane module used by being immersed in water with
The air diffusion mechanism includes a tubular body having both ends fixed to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member and extending between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and is provided on a peripheral surface of the tubular body. A hollow fiber membrane module, characterized in that air diffusion holes capable of diffusing gas in a tube to the hollow fiber membrane are formed.
前記中空糸膜の上下端部が開口し、前記中空糸膜の開口した端部から中空糸膜を透過した透過水が収容される上部集水部及び下部集水部を備え、該上部集水部及び下部集水部に収容された透過水を導出する導出機構を備えた請求項1記載の中空糸膜モジュール。   The upper and lower water collecting portions each include an upper water collecting portion and a lower water collecting portion in which upper and lower end portions of the hollow fiber membrane are opened and permeated water that has permeated the hollow fiber membrane from the opened end portion of the hollow fiber membrane is accommodated. The hollow fiber membrane module of Claim 1 provided with the derivation | leading-out mechanism which derives | leads-out the permeated water accommodated in the part and the lower water collection part. 前記上部固定部材及び下部固定部材に両端部側が固定された支持部材を備え、該支持部材が前記管状体である請求項1又は2記載の中空糸膜モジュール。   The hollow fiber membrane module according to claim 1, further comprising a support member having both end portions fixed to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, wherein the support member is the tubular body. 上下方向に延在させた複数本の中空糸膜と、該中空糸膜の上下端部側をそれぞれ固定する上部固定部材及び下部固定部材と、前記中空糸膜に散気し得る散気機構とを備えた水中に浸漬して用いられる中空糸膜モジュールを用いた膜分離方法であって、
前記散気機構が、前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備え、該管状体の周面に形成された散気孔から管内の気体を前記中空糸膜へ散気することを特徴とする膜分離方法。
A plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in the vertical direction, an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member that respectively fix the upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane, and an air diffusion mechanism that can diffuse into the hollow fiber membrane; A membrane separation method using a hollow fiber membrane module used by immersing in water,
The air diffusion mechanism includes a tubular body having both ends fixed to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member and extending between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and is provided on a peripheral surface of the tubular body. A membrane separation method characterized in that gas in a tube is diffused from the formed air diffusion holes to the hollow fiber membrane.
上下方向に延在させた複数本の中空糸膜と、該中空糸膜の上下端部側をそれぞれ固定する上部固定部材及び下部固定部材と、前記中空糸膜に散気し得る散気機構とを備えた中空糸膜モジュールが水中に浸漬されて膜分離が実施される水処理装置であって、
前記散気機構が、前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材に両端部側が固定されて前記上部固定部材及び前記下部固定部材の間に延設された管状体を備え、該管状体の周面に管内の気体を前記中空糸膜へ散気可能な散気孔が形成されている中空糸膜モジュールが用いられていることを特徴とする水処理装置。
A plurality of hollow fiber membranes extending in the vertical direction, an upper fixing member and a lower fixing member that respectively fix the upper and lower ends of the hollow fiber membrane, and an air diffusion mechanism that can diffuse into the hollow fiber membrane; A water treatment apparatus in which a hollow fiber membrane module provided with water is immersed in water to perform membrane separation,
The air diffusion mechanism includes a tubular body having both ends fixed to the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member and extending between the upper fixing member and the lower fixing member, and is provided on a peripheral surface of the tubular body. A water treatment apparatus using a hollow fiber membrane module in which a diffused hole capable of diffusing a gas in a pipe to the hollow fiber membrane is formed.
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WO2014148651A1 (en) * 2013-03-18 2014-09-25 주식회사 에코니티 Central baffle, pressurized hollow fiber separation membrane module comprising same, and method for washing same

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