JP2011075244A - Grain load control device for circulation type grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem wherein a large grain moisture difference between grain already loaded in a storage chamber etc. of a grain dryer and grain additionally loaded in the storage chamber easily causes moisture unevenness when new grain is additionally loaded in grain in the ventilating circulation carrying state, by performing loading control to reduce moisture unevenness in the additional loading process. <P>SOLUTION: In this circulation type grain dryer, grain supplied from a grain lift 1 is stored in a storage chamber 2, and while the grain is made to flow down from the storage chamber 2 through ventilation drying chambers 4 by rotation of delivery valves 3, ventilation and drying are performed. Drying control is performed by circulating and carrying the grain from a grain collecting chamber 5 to the grain lift 1. With respect to loading and drying action for performing drying of initial grain load, by detecting subsequent additional loading action, a delivery amount of the delivery valves 3 is reduced and controlled to perform the load. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tension control for stretching a grain for drying into a drying chamber and a storage chamber in the upper part, and a device for controlling the grain tension when performing this additional stretching.

  After the grain is put into the storage chamber of the dryer, the decrease in the load current during the filling operation is detected, the absorption fan is driven to vent the outside air to the drying chamber, and the feeding valve is driven. A technique (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) is known that circulates and conveys grains and prevents stuffiness by ventilation drying of the stretched grains.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-188878 (first page, FIG. 1).

  If there is a large grain moisture difference between the grain already stretched in the storage room of the dryer and the grain stretched in addition to this, a new grain will be added to the grain in the circulation circulation state. Moisture unevenness is liable to occur when adding additional grains. In the present invention, the tension control is performed so as to reduce moisture unevenness in the process of the additional tension.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the grain supplied from the groining machine 1 is accommodated in the storage chamber 2, and is dried by ventilation while the ventilation drying chamber 4 flows down from the storage chamber 2 by the rotation of the feeding valve 3. In the circulation-type grain dryer that circulates and conveys the ascending machine 1 from the cereal collecting room 5 and controls the drying by the initial grain embedding, the subsequent additional stretching By detecting the action, the feeding amount of the feeding valve 3 is controlled so as to be reduced, and the grain embedding control device is configured.

  In contrast to the tensioning action in which the grain is stretched into the storage chamber 2 and the drying action is performed, by detecting the additional tensioning action in which the grain is stretched in addition to the storage chamber 2, The feed amount of the feed valve 3 is appropriately reduced from the feed amount at the time of the tension drying operation, and the rotation is controlled. For this reason, when the moisture value of the added grain is higher than the already-grained grain, the additional grain is gradually mixed to reduce the unevenness of moisture. It can be made small, and smooth drying of the grain can be performed smoothly.

  When the moisture difference between the grain already stretched in the stretch drying and the grain due to the additional stretch is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the invention according to claim 2 When the water content difference is less than a predetermined value, the feed amount by the feed valve 3 is further reduced or stopped.

  The grain dryer has a moisture sensor that measures the moisture content of the stretched grain and detects the moisture difference between the already stretched grain and the newly added grain. When the moisture difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the feeding amount of the feeding valve 3 during the additional tensioning operation is decreased. When the moisture difference is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the feed amount of the feed valve 3 when the moisture difference is greater than or equal to the predetermined value is further reduced or the rotation of the feed valve 3 is stopped, and the simple tension mode is set. By driving the groining machine 1 or the like, the additional sown grain is supplied to the upper part of the grain layer already squeezed into the storage chamber 2.

  In the invention according to claim 1, in the case of drying the grain by the additional tension, the grain of the additional tension that is newly added to the grain that is already stretched in the storage chamber 2 Since the grains are mixed, if there is a large moisture difference between the two grains, it is easy to cause moisture unevenness during the grain drying action, but as described above, the rotational feed amount of the feed valve 3 at the time of additional filling Therefore, the grain feeding by the feeding valve 3 is performed at a low speed, and the moisture unevenness is reduced. Further, since the feeding amount by the feeding valve 3 is reduced, it is possible to reduce the load for circulating conveyance.

  In the invention according to claim 2, when additional stretching is performed as described above, due to a difference in moisture between the tension grain already stretched and the additional tension grain additionally stretched. When the moisture difference is large, moisture unevenness can be reduced by stretching the additional grain while circulating the grain. Moreover, when this water | moisture-content difference is small, by reducing the circulation conveyance amount or stopping driving | operation of the delivery valve | bulb 3 and performing only tension | tensile_strength, the already stretched grain is not circulated unnecessarily. In this way, damage to the kernel can be reduced.

The side view of a circulation type grain dryer. The front view. The block diagram of tension control of a dryer. The front view of a control panel. The flowchart of tension control.

  On the basis of the drawings, the substantially box-shaped drying tank 6 is provided with a grain collecting basket 7 and a helix 8 along the front-rear direction at the bottom center part, and provided with inclined plates 9 on both the left and right sides of the grain collecting basket 7. The grain fed from the upper drying chamber 4 and the feeding valve 3 is received and guided down to the grain collecting basket 7. The drying chamber 4 has a V-shaped cross-sectional shape as viewed from the front, and is formed of a mesh plate with a ventilation hole formed on both the left and right sides, and an air discharge chamber 10 is provided on the inner upper portion of the V-shaped drying chamber 4. A hot air chamber 11 for forming hot air from the burner 13 along the central portion of the flocculation chamber 5 is provided. Constitute. The feeding valve 3 is provided along the lower end portion of the V-shaped drying chamber 4, and causes the grains in the drying chamber 4 to flow down at an appropriate speed by the rotation of the feeding valve 3 driven by the motor M <b> 3. The upper end of each drying chamber 4 is communicated with the storage chamber 2, and the grain stored in the storage chamber 2 is subjected to a drying action while being shunted to each drying chamber 4. On the front side of the drying tank 6, a blower 12, a burner 13, a controller 14, and a groining machine 1 are provided. The groining machine 1 is configured to lift the grain delivered from the front end of the cereal collecting basket 7 and convey it to a supply basket 16 having an upper helix 15. The grains to be transported and supplied are diffused and supplied to the storage chamber 2 by being placed on the diffusion plate 18 arranged in the central portion of 6. On this storage chamber 2, a grain gauge SE6 for measuring the amount of stored grain is provided. A moisture sensor SE5 that measures the grain moisture value while collecting a part of the grain is provided in the middle of the grain raising machine 1. A driving motor M <b> 2 is provided on the top of the groining machine 1. At the starting end of the supply basket 16, a discharge hopper 21 is provided. By opening and closing the shutter 23 of the discharge port 22 of the supply basket 16, the grains to be cerealed by the grower 1 are stored in the storage chamber 2. Or can be switched so that it can be taken out from the discharge hopper 21 to the outside of the apparatus.

  A suction exhaust fan 24 is provided on the rear side of the drying tank 6, and the rear ends of the left and right exhaust chambers 10 are communicated with each other via an exhaust duct 25. Suction and exhaust outside the machine.

  A supply chamber 27 is formed inside the left and right side walls 26 of the drying tank 6 at the outer side of the grain collection chamber 5, and the grain is supplied as a supply funnel by opening the opening / closing plate 28 of the side wall 26 to the outside. It can be supplied from the chamber 27 to the cereal basket 7.

  This dryer is provided with a tension switch SW1, a drying switch SW2, a discharge switch SW3, a stop switch 4 and the like on the input side of the controller 14, and by turning on this tension switch SW1, the grower 1 motor M2 Then, the motor M6 of the lower spiral 8 is driven to open the opening / closing plate 28, and the grains thrown in from the supply chamber 27 are passed through the masher 7 and the groining machine 1 and the supply basket 16 to the spreader 18 To the storage chamber 2 and stretched. Further, by turning on the drying switch SW2, the driving means M4 of the burner 13 is driven, the suction exhaust fan 24 motor M1 is driven, and the combustion air from the burner 13 is caused to flow across each drying chamber 4. The air is exhausted from the suction exhaust fan 24 to the outside of the apparatus. At this time, the feeding valve 3 motor M3 at the lower end of the drying chamber 4 can be driven to control the feeding speed of the grain flowing down in the drying chamber 4. When the grain drying operation is completed, the discharge switch SW3 is configured to take out the dried grain that has been whipped by the grower 1 from the discharge hopper 21 by turning on the discharge switch SW3. The stop switch SW4 stops the driving of the motors M1 to M6 and the like of the respective parts and ends the drying.

  Further, on the input side of the controller 14, the grain type setting switch SW5 for setting the grain type, the moisture setting switch SW6 for setting the grain moisture value of the drying target, and the amount of the grain to the dryer are set. An extension amount setting switch SW7 to be set, an emergency stop switch SW20 for urgently stopping the drying operation, and the like are provided. Furthermore, the outside air temperature sensor SE1 that detects the outside air temperature, the hot air temperature sensor SE2 that detects the temperature of the hot air that is burned and blown by the burner 13, and the exhaust air temperature that is exhausted by the suction exhaust fan 24. Wind temperature sensor SE3, moisture sensor SE5, moisture sensor electrode temperature sensor SE4 that detects the electrode temperature, tension amount detection device SE6 that detects the amount of grain tension, the grower motor M2 or the feeding valve motor A load current sensor SE7 for detecting the load current of M3 is disposed.

  Further, on the output side of the controller 14, in addition to the suction / exhaust fan motor M1, the masher motor M2, the feed valve motor M3, the helical motor M6, the burner driving means M4, etc., a moisture sensor for driving the moisture sensor SE5 is provided. Drive means M5 is provided. In addition, a display 32 that displays the hot air temperature, moisture value, remaining time, etc. in an electrical display, an abnormality display monitor 33 that displays the abnormal state of each part, and the like are arranged.

  On the control panel 31 of the controller 14, in addition to the switches SW1 to SW9 of each part, the display 32, and the abnormality display monitor 33, a moisture correction switch SW10 for correcting dry moisture, and a moisture value by manual measurement. The manual measurement switch SW11 for inputting the temperature, the temperature setting switch SW12 for setting the drying temperature, the changeover switch SW13 for switching the hot air temperature, the drying speed switch SW14 for setting the drying speed, the reservation switch SW17 for setting the drying reservation, and the pause time switch SW16 And a two-stage drying switch SW15, an inspection switch SW18, a fan switch SW19, the emergency stop switch SW20, and the like.

First, an outline from the installation of a dryer to the end of drying will be described.
In the grain drying operation by the dryer, the lower spiral 8, the riser 1, and the upper spiral 15 are driven by the operation of the tension switch SW <b> 1, and the open / close door 28 is opened to supply the grain to the supply chamber 27. To do.

  When the filling operation is completed, the grain type and the target moisture value are set, and the burner 13 is combusted by operating the drying switch SW2, the suction exhaust fan 24 is driven, and hot air is blown into the drying chamber 4. The grain in the drying chamber 4 is fed by driving the feeding valve 3 and heated and dried while circulating in the dryer. When the moisture value of the grain reaches the target set value by this drying, the burner 13 and the grain raising machine 1 are stopped, and the circulation drying action is stopped.

Next, the case where an additional grain is supplied during the stretching operation will be described.
The storage grain 2 is accommodated in the storage chamber 2 by the upper spiral 15. When the moisture sensor SE5 detects that the supply of the stretched grain has been lost, the rotation of the feeding valve 3 starts automatically and the suction exhaust fan 24 starts to be driven, and the circulation of the ventilation is performed. Prevents stuffiness.

  When the load current sensor SE7 of the grower motor M2 detects that a new additional grain has been added during this ventilation circulation, that is, when the value of the load current sensor SE7 increases more than a certain value, the feeding valve 3 It is set as the structure which continues tensioning operation | movement while carrying out decrease control of this feed amount, and reducing the load of the grower motor M2.

Further, the load current sensor SE7 is lowered to detect the absence of additional sown grain, and when the grain temperature is “outside air temperature + 5 degrees” or less, the drying operation in the ventilation circulation mode is stopped. .
When there is a large difference in the moisture value of the added grain compared to the already-laid grain, this additional grain is gradually mixed to reduce moisture unevenness. It is possible to smoothly perform the drying control after the pasting.

  Further, when the moisture sensor SE5 detects that the moisture difference between the grain already stretched in the tension drying and the grain due to the additional tension is not less than a predetermined value (5% or more), the feeding valve The amount of reduction of the feed amount due to 3 is made relatively small (for example, when the normal circulation is 10 levels, 8 levels), and the mixing of the already stretched grains and the grains due to the additional stretching is promoted. In addition, when the moisture difference between the already stretched grain and the grain due to the additional stretch is detected to be a predetermined value or less (5% or less), the layer of the already stretched grain and the additional Since the moisture difference from the grain layer due to the tension is unlikely to occur, the reduction amount of the feed amount by the feed valve 3 is made relatively large (for example, if the normal circulation is 10 levels, it is 5 levels) or stopped. , Make sure that the work is done quickly.

  First, at the time of the first tensioning, if it is detected that the tensioning has been lost as described above, it is circulated once, and the moisture content of the whole machine grain, average moisture value, etc. are measured and calculated. Cycle the unevenness removal. In addition, if there is a difference between the moisture of the grain that has already been stretched and a moisture value greater than a certain value, additional stretching will be performed in the ventilation circulation mode for the next and subsequent additions. Consider not to increase.

  Separately, if the load on the transport system such as the groining machine 1 becomes excessive at the time of the additional insertion, the circulation amount is reduced to a level that does not cause overload, or intermittent circulation By doing so, overload can be avoided.

  Adding a grain with a moisture content that is significantly different from the moisture content of the already stretched grain creates a layer with a different moisture content. Detecting the moisture content of the added grain at the time of addition, if there is a large difference in the moisture content of the already stretched grain, it is mixed while being circulated to suppress stretching and increase in moisture unevenness To do. The time for effectively eliminating moisture unevenness can be shortened.

  When the moisture measurement switch SW11 is pressed and the manual moisture measurement is performed while measuring the grain moisture value for one circulation conveyance of the stretched kernel, the moisture measurement cycle shifts and moisture unevenness occurs. Although the value cannot be accurately detected, during the circulation, even if the moisture measurement switch SW11 is pressed, priority is given to the moisture measurement for one cycle of the grain, and the manual moisture measurement is not performed. It is possible to maintain the water nonuniformity value calculation accuracy based on the moisture measurement data for the circulation of the grain and improve the insertion performance.

  In a dryer that has a detection device with a moisture sensor SE5, calculates moisture unevenness value based on moisture measurement data for one cycle of grain, and controls the tension by system setting, the tension is interrupted during tensioning. When this is detected by the moisture sensor SE5, the amount of tension is measured, and then the circulation control is entered, the moisture for one circulation of the grain is measured, and the ventilation circulation operation is performed for a predetermined time by the moisture unevenness value. In the configured configuration, during the circulation, the moisture measurement switch SW11 is pressed, and the moisture measurement for one cycle of the grain is prioritized so that manual moisture measurement is not performed. As another example, during the circulation of the grain, the moisture measurement switch SW11 may not be accepted until the moisture measurement for one circulation of the grain is completed.

  Next, the weight and moisture value of the grain harvested in the grain tank of the combine harvester can be measured, each data is written in the memory, and the grain dryer in a form in which this data can be read. In comparison with the moisture of the grain already stretched, if the difference is greater than or equal to a preset reference value, the tension is performed while circulating. By giving in advance the data of the grain that will be stretched to the dryer in advance, it is possible to know in advance the moisture difference from the grain that had been stretched last time. Therefore, it is possible to automatically determine whether or not it is necessary, to prevent moisture unevenness in the dryer of the grain, and to obtain uniform finished moisture.

  In this case, it is also possible to change the ratio of the circulation amount and the new filling amount by the water difference. By giving in advance the data on the grain that will be stretched to the dryer in advance, it is possible to know in advance the moisture difference from the grain that had been stretched last time. It is possible to automatically determine whether or not to prevent moisture unevenness in the drying of the grain, and to obtain uniform finished moisture.

1 Graining machine 2 Storage room 3 Feeding valve 4 Drying room 5 Grain collection room

Claims (2)

  Grains supplied from the groining machine (1) are accommodated in the storage chamber (2), and ventilation drying is performed while the ventilation drying chamber (4) is caused to flow down from the storage chamber (2) by rotation of the feeding valve (3). Then, in the circulation type grain dryer that circulates and conveys the groining machine (1) from the cereal collection room (5), for the tension drying action of drying by the first grain tensioning, A grain tension control device that controls the reduction of the feeding amount of the feeding valve (3) by detecting a subsequent additional tensioning action.   When the moisture difference between the grain already stretched in the stretch drying and the grain due to the additional stretch is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the feed amount by the feed valve (3) is reduced, and these moisture differences are When the amount is less than a predetermined value, the feed amount by the feed valve (3) is further reduced or stopped, and the grain embedding control device of the circulating grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the feed amount is controlled.

Images