JP2017133792A - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain dryer drying with good circulation by stabilizing quantity of grain sent out from a rotary valve.SOLUTION: A grain dryer comprises: a storage room storing grain; a drying room drying the grain; a rotary valve sending out the grain in the drying room; and an aquameter detecting a moisture value of the grain. A control unit controlling to raise the speed of rotation of the rotary valve in a time limit at the time of a case that the moisture value of the grain is higher than the time of a case that the moisture value of the grain is low.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

  Patent Document 1 describes the contents of rotating the rotational speed of a rotary valve that feeds dried grains at high speed or low speed by an inverter according to the drying rate.

JP 63-21478 A

  In the initial stage of drying, long grains such as sawdust are mixed in the cereal grains. Therefore, when the grain dried in the drying chamber is fed out by the rotary valve, a lot of long foreign matters are mixed, so that the amount of grain fed out is reduced accordingly. In addition, as the drying progresses, the long foreign matter is sucked out by the dust remover provided in the ceiling of the dryer and is gradually reduced, and the grain moisture value is lowered and the bulk density of the grain is increased. Increased grain volume. As a result, the amount of grain fed out by the rotary valve is not stable.

  An object of the present invention is to perform a drying operation with good circulation by stabilizing the amount of grain fed out from a rotary valve.

As means for solving the problems, the invention of claim 1
In a grain dryer comprising a storage chamber for storing grains, a drying chamber for drying grains, a rotary valve for feeding the grains in the drying chamber, and a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grains,
The present invention is characterized in that a control unit is provided that performs control so that the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is higher when the grain moisture value is higher than when the grain moisture value is lower.

The invention of claim 2 is the invention of claim 1,
If the moisture value measured with the moisture meter is greater than or equal to the set value, control is performed so that the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is high. If the moisture value measured with the moisture meter is less than the set value, the rotary value per unit time is Control is performed with a low number of rotations of the valve.

The invention of claim 3 is the invention of claim 2,
A grain setting switch for selecting the grain type is provided on the operation panel.
When 籾 is selected with the grain setting switch, based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter, control is performed to change the rotational speed of the rotary valve per unit time,
When wheat is selected with the grain setting switch, control is performed to make the rotational speed of the rotary valve constant per unit time regardless of the moisture value measured by the moisture meter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the drying chamber of the first to third aspects is configured so that the grains in the two grain downflow passages are fed out by forward and reverse rotation of a single rotary valve,
When the rotational speed of the rotary valve per unit time is increased, the rotary valve is normally rotated forward continuously for a plurality of rotations and reversely rotated for a plurality of rotations alternately.

The invention of claim 5
In a grain dryer comprising a storage chamber for storing grains, a drying chamber for drying grains, a rotary valve for feeding the grains in the drying chamber, and a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grains,
The set time from the start of the drying operation includes a control unit that performs control with a large number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time, and performs control with a small number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time when the set time elapses. And

The invention of claim 6 is the invention of claim 5,
The set time is changed according to the amount of tension set by the tension amount setting switch from the start of the drying operation.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform a drying operation with good circulation by stabilizing the amount of grain fed from the rotary valve.

Appearance perspective view of grain dryer Diagram explaining the inside of the grain dryer as seen from the front Diagram explaining the inside of the lower half grain dryer as seen from the side Operation panel Diagram showing the circulation mechanism Diagram showing the operation of the rotary valve Diagram showing the operation of the rotary valve Diagram showing the operation of the rotary valve Flow chart showing drying operation Flow chart showing rotation control of rotary valve

  The grain dryer according to the present embodiment will be described below.

  Inside the box-shaped machine wall 1, a storage chamber 2 for storing grains from above and a drying chamber 3 for drying the grains are provided. The drying chamber 3 includes a hot air chamber 5 through which hot air generated by the combustion burner 4 passes, a grain flow chamber 6a, 6b on both the left and right sides of the hot air chamber 5, and a grain flow chamber 6a, 6b. There is an exhaust chamber 8 that is located outside and from which hot air that has passed through the grain flow chamber 6 from the hot air chamber 5 is exhausted by the action of the exhaust fan 7.

  The combustion burner 4 is provided in the combustion burner case 9 on the front side of the machine wall 1, and the exhaust fan 7 is provided on the back side of the machine wall 1. A far-infrared radiator 10 is provided in the hot air chamber 5.

  A rotary valve 11 for feeding out the grain is provided at the lower ends of the left and right grain flow chambers 6a and 6b, and a lower spiral 12 for feeding the grain fed out by the rotary valve 11 to the front side is provided below the rotary valve 11. A bucket-type elevator 14 for cerealing the grain conveyed by the lower spiral 12 or the grain stuck to the input hopper 13 is provided on the front side of the machine wall 1, and the grain cerealed by the elevator 14 is stored in the storage chamber 2. The upper spiral 15 to be conveyed is installed in the upper spiral cage 16 on the ceiling of the machine wall 1. In the present embodiment, the rotary valve 11, the lower spiral 12, the elevator 14, and the upper spiral 15 are referred to as a circulation mechanism for circulating the grain through the grain dryer. The upper spiral basket 16 is provided with a dust remover 17 that sucks and discharges the dust and the like mixed with the grains conveyed by the upper spiral 15.

  A moisture meter 18 is provided in the middle of the elevator 14 to take in the grains falling from the bucket of the elevator 14 and measure the moisture value. A discharge shutter 19 for discharging grain out of the machine is provided at the top of the elevator 14.

  The rotary valve 11 has a cylindrical shape in which a storage chamber 11a for storing grains and a take-in port 11b for taking the grains into the storage chamber 11a are formed. That is, it is formed in a C shape with a cross-sectional shape. The rotary valve motor 20 is configured to be forward / reverse. The gaps between the rotary valve 11 and the grain flow down chambers 6a and 6b are closed with seal members 34a and 34b.

  An operation panel 21 including an operation switch for operating the grain dryer is provided on the front side of the machine wall 1. The operation switch includes a tension switch 22 for grain squeezing, a ventilation switch 23 for so-called ventilation operation for driving the exhaust fan 7 and the circulation mechanism, and a drying switch 24 for igniting the combustion burner 4 to perform a drying operation. A discharge switch 25 for discharging operation for discharging the grains in the storage chamber 2 to the outside of the machine, and a stop switch 26 for stopping the operation.

  In addition, a grain setting switch 27 that selects the type of grain that is stretched in the storage chamber 2, a drying speed selection switch 28 that selects the drying speed, a moisture setting switch 29 that sets the target moisture value, and the amount of tension A tension amount setting switch 30 and an emergency stop switch 31 are provided.

  In addition, a drying operation display screen 32 for displaying information on the drying operation such as the moisture value and the remaining drying operation time, and a setting display screen 33 for displaying the set overhang amount or the set moisture value are provided.

  In addition, a control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation is built in the operation panel 21.

  Next, the feeding of the grain from the grain drying chamber 3 by the rotary valve 11 will be described.

  The initial position of the intake port 11b of the rotary valve 11 faces downward (see FIG. 6). Then, first, clockwise forward rotation is performed. In this case, the intake port 11b of the rotary valve 11 passes through the lower end of the left grain flow chamber 6a (see FIG. 7). During this passage, the grain in the left grain falling chamber 6a flows into the intake port 11b, so that the storage chamber 11a is filled with the grain. Then, the rotary valve 11 rotates as it is, and the intake port 11b passes through the lower end of the right grain flow chamber 6b. At this time, since the interior of the storage chamber 11a is already filled with grains, the grains hardly flow from the right grain flow-down chamber 6b, the rotary valve 11 further rotates forward, and rotates once to bring the intake port 11b downward. The grain in the storage chamber 11 a falls and is supplied to the lower spiral 12.

  When the rotary valve 11 is reversed (counterclockwise), when the intake port 11b passes through the right grain flow chamber 6b (FIG. 8), it flows into the storage chamber 11a from the right grain flow chamber 6b and enters the storage chamber 11a. Grain is filled (Figure 8). Then, further reversely, the intake port 11b passes through the lower end of the left grain flow chamber 6a, and after one rotation, the intake port 11b faces downward and the grain in the storage chamber 11a is dropped and discharged.

  The rotational speed of the rotary valve 11 is constant (for example, one revolution in 10 seconds), but the number of revolutions per unit time can be changed.

  For example, FIG. 10 (A) shows the first rotation control in which the rotary valve 11 rotates in the forward direction continuously three times (three times) and then rotates in the reverse direction continuously several times (three times). Yes. FIG. 10B shows the second rotation control in which the vehicle rotates forward once and rotates at the initial position after a set time stop (interval) and reverse once. The interval time in the second rotation control is preferably a short time (for example, 2 to 5 seconds) shorter than the time required for rotation. FIG. 10C shows the third rotation control in which the interval time is longer than the second rotation control. The interval in the third rotation control is desirably set longer than the time for which the rotary valve rotates once (for example, 20 seconds). Thus, the number of rotations (rotation amount) per unit time of the first rotation control is the largest.

  Next, the drying operation will be described along the flowchart of FIG.

  First, a tension operation is performed in which grain is put into the storage chamber 2 from the charging hopper 13. At this time, the moisture value of the grain that has been cerealed by the elevator 14 is measured by the moisture meter 18. Then, after the tensioning operation is completed, the operator selects the grain type that is stretched with the grain setting switch 27, selects a desired drying speed with the drying speed selection switch 28, and sets the target moisture value with the moisture setting switch 29. Is input, and the amount of grain put in by the setting amount switch 30 is input.

  First, the case where the straw is dried to a target moisture value of 14% will be described.

  When the drying switch 24 is operated, the combustion burner 4, the exhaust fan 7, the dust exhauster 17, the circulation mechanism and the like start to be driven, and the grains are subjected to a drying action in the drying chamber 3 while circulating in the apparatus.

  When the moisture value of the soot measured during the tension operation is 18% or more, the first rotation control with a large number of rotations per unit time of the rotary valve 11 is performed. That is, at the start of drying, a lot of long foreign matters such as swarf are contained, and a cocoon having a high moisture value has a low bulk density. Therefore, by rotating the rotary valve 11 a lot, a circulation amount is secured and stable circulation is achieved. To do. In addition, it quickly converges moisture variations and spots.

  When the drying operation proceeds and the moisture value of the soot reaches less than 18%, the rotation control of the rotary valve 11 is switched from the first rotation control to the second rotation control. That is, as the drying operation proceeds, long foreign objects are sucked and discharged by the dust remover 17, and the bulk density of the soot due to a decrease in the moisture value increases, so even if the rotational speed of the rotary valve 11 is reduced, The amount of dredging can be secured. When 14% of the target moisture value is reached, the combustion burner 4 stops and the drying operation ends. By controlling the rotation of the rotary valve 11 of the present embodiment, a stable circulation amount can be ensured both in the case of a soot in a high moisture region and in the case of a soot in a low moisture region, and a good drying operation can be ensured. Can be done.

  Next, the drying operation of wheat will be described.

  In the case of wheat, the change in the bulk density due to the reduction of the moisture value is small compared to the straw, and the damage is easily caused by increasing the number of rotations of the rotary valve 11. Second rotation control is performed.

  Next, soybean drying operation will be described.

  In the case of soybean, since it is more susceptible to damage by circulation than straw and wheat, the drying operation is performed with the third rotation control with the smallest number of rotations.

  In the present embodiment, the switching from the first rotation control to the second rotation control is performed based on the moisture value. In addition, when the set time (for example, 1 hour) elapses from the start of the drying operation, the first rotation control is performed. The rotation control may be switched to the second rotation control. The set time in this case is changed according to the amount of extension set by the extension amount setting switch 30. That is, the time for which the cereal grains are circulated differs depending on the amount of squeezing. Therefore, the first rotation control is performed for the time required for one circulation, and the second rotation control is performed for the drying operation after the second circulation.

  The rotation control switching based on the set time may be used when the grain moisture value at the time of filling is less than the set moisture value (less than 18%). That is, even if the grain at the start of drying is less than 18%, the first rotation control is performed for the first set time, and the second rotation control is switched when the set time elapses. Thereby, even if the moisture value at the time of tension is low, it is possible to cope with a case where a lot of long foreign matters are contained.

2 Storage chamber 3 Drying chamber 11 Rotary valve 18 Moisture meter 21 Operation panel 27 Grain setting switch

Claims (6)

In a grain dryer comprising a storage chamber for storing grains, a drying chamber for drying grains, a rotary valve for feeding the grains in the drying chamber, and a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grains,
A grain dryer characterized by comprising a control unit for controlling the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time when the grain moisture value is higher than when the grain moisture value is lower.   If the moisture value measured with the moisture meter is greater than or equal to the set value, control is performed so that the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time is high. If the moisture value measured with the moisture meter is less than the set value, the rotary value per unit time is controlled. 2. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the control is performed with a small number of rotations of the valve. A grain setting switch for selecting the grain type is provided on the operation panel.
When 籾 is selected with the grain setting switch, based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter, control is performed to change the rotational speed of the rotary valve per unit time,
3. The grain dryer according to claim 2, wherein when wheat is selected by the grain setting switch, control is performed to keep the rotational speed of the rotary valve constant per unit time regardless of the moisture value measured by the moisture meter. The drying chamber is configured to feed the grain in the two grain downflow passages by forward and reverse rotation of a single rotary valve,
4. When increasing the number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time, the rotary valve is normally rotated forward continuously for a plurality of rotations and reversed reversely for a plurality of rotations alternately. A grain dryer according to any one of the above. In a grain dryer comprising a storage chamber for storing grains, a drying chamber for drying grains, a rotary valve for feeding the grains in the drying chamber, and a moisture meter for detecting the moisture value of the grains,
The set time from the start of the drying operation includes a control unit that performs control with a large number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time, and performs control with a small number of rotations of the rotary valve per unit time when the set time elapses. And grain dryer.   6. The grain dryer according to claim 5, wherein the set time is changed according to the amount of tension set by the tension amount setting switch from the start of the drying operation.

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