JP2014092311A - Grain drying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain drying machine capable of reflecting intention of an operator also in the handling for moisture mottle convergence in addition to grain drying with a desirable drying speed.SOLUTION: A grain drying machine is configured such that drying operation of patched grain is permitted with a drying speed (V0) preset from among drying speed candidates, and includes stratified moisture value measurement means (20) of the patched grain, calculation means of calculating a circulation time (H) required for convergence of the measured stratified moisture value, display means (13a) of drying conditions and a moisture mottle convergence mode which can be selected for the handling of a moisture mottle. Therein, according to the moisture mottle convergence mode, the resetting of the drying speed (V1) and the display of the drying speed are permitted in such a range that the drying time gets to the circulation time (H) or more.

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer that circulates grains stretched in a storage chamber to a drying unit and sequentially dries them with hot air.

  As in the example of Patent Document 1, the grain dryer stretches the grain into the storage chamber, detects the distribution moisture value for each grain layer while circulating the grain once from the drying section to the storage chamber, and the distribution width thereof. Based on the above, the circulation time required for water spots convergence is calculated, and by performing a drying operation to a predetermined water value at a drying speed according to this circulation time, the water spots are kept within a predetermined range and uniform grain Drying is possible.

JP 2009-156481 A

  However, the drying control according to Patent Document 1 sets the drying speed regardless of the operator's intention, so it is difficult for the operator to understand, there is no prospect until the end of drying, and it is difficult to link work before and after the drying process. There was a problem of coming.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a grain dryer that can reflect the operator's intention in drying control of moisture spots convergence in addition to grain drying at a desired drying speed.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a grain dryer that performs hot-air drying while circulating cereal grains based on the drying speed (V0), the amount of nesting, and the reached moisture value set by the operator. Another moisture value measuring means (20), and the circulation time (H) required for convergence of the measured moisture value by layer and the drying time until reaching the reached moisture value from the set drying speed (V0) are calculated. A calculation means and a moisture spot convergence mode that can be selected to converge moisture spots are provided, and when this moisture spot convergence mode is selected, the moisture spots converge for a drying time that is equal to or longer than the circulation time (H). And the change of the drying speed is displayed on the drying condition display means (13).

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the setting of the drying speed (V1) in the moisture spot convergence mode is limited to a range equal to or lower than an intermediate speed in a speed range of the settable drying speed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the grain dryer for drying hot air while circulating the cereal grains based on the drying speed (V0), the amount of nesting, and the reached moisture value set by the operator, Another moisture value measuring means (20), and the circulation time (H) required for convergence of the measured moisture value by layer and the drying time until reaching the reached moisture value from the set drying speed (V0) are calculated. A calculation means and a moisture spot convergence mode that can be selected to perform the convergence of moisture spots are provided. In this moisture spot convergence mode, the drying speed (V2) that is closest to the circulation time (H) can be set. When the drying time (H2) at this drying speed (V2) is less than the circulation time (H), the shortage time (K) is ventilated by stopping hot air. And

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cereal grains can be dried by setting a desired drying speed (V0), and when the moisture spot convergence mode is selected by the operator, the means for measuring the moisture value by layer (20) And the circulation time (H) calculating means, when the drying time (H0) is shorter than the circulation time (H), the drying speed (V1) is re-established within a range where the drying time is equal to or longer than the circulation time (H). By setting, the drying condition is displayed by the display means (13a) together with the grain drying according to the drying condition, so that the moisture spots are eliminated when the moisture spot convergence mode is selected while setting the drying speed according to the operator's intention. It is easy for the operator to understand the drying conditions by shifting to the drying speed for the display and displaying that fact.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, there is a possibility that those in the high speed range among the settable drying speed speed ranges may not satisfy the circulation time (H) necessary for the convergence of moisture spots. Since it is high, when the moisture spot convergence mode is selected, the drying conditions can be efficiently selected by limiting the range to the intermediate speed or less of the speed range of the drying speed.

  According to the invention according to claim 3, since the drying speed (V2) of the drying time close to the circulation time for the moisture spot convergence is selected, the grain drying and the moisture spot convergence are finished in the proximity range and are selected. In the case where the drying time due to the drying speed is less than the circulation time, the moisture spots can be converged by adding ventilation circulation of the insufficient time (K) for the moisture spots convergence. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately converge the moisture spots while avoiding unnecessary lengthening of the drying time.

Front view of grain dryer Side view of grain dryer Control panel sketch (a) and touch panel display example (b) Control configuration block diagram Flow chart of drying operation control Circulation time calculation flowchart Classification example of moisture unevenness layer Sample chart of measurement frequency division Sample chart of cycle measurements and related moisture values Example graph of a round measurement value of an uneven moisture layer

Embodiments specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the grain dryer has a storage chamber 2, a drying unit 3, and a grain collection chamber 4 formed in this order from the top inside the machine frame 1, respectively. This is a publicly known form in which hot air generated by the combustion of the burner 6 and the suction fan 7 is bathed in the drying unit 3 while the grain is circulated by driving the elevator 5 provided on the outer periphery. The grain outlet of the drying unit 3 is provided with a feeding drum 8 that allows a predetermined amount of grain to flow down while rotating forward and backward. The feeding grain is received by the lower transfer device 9 of the grain collection chamber 4 that communicates with the elevator 5. By supplying the diffusion plate 11 of the storage chamber 2 with the upper transfer device 10 connected to the upper side, the cereal grains are uniformly accumulated and stored on the entire surface of the storage chamber 2. The stretch amount measuring device 2a provided in the storage chamber 2 can grasp the stretch amount by measuring the height position of the top surface of the stretched grain.

  The grain circulation mechanism including the burner 6 and the elevator 5 is performed by a computer having a memory for storing a control program and various data necessary for operation control. That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, the operation panel 12 is provided with a setting display unit 13 and a digital display unit 13a in the form of a touch panel, and along the lower edges of the display units 13 and 13a. Operation buttons 14 to 17 in the form of push buttons, an emergency stop switch 18 and the like are arranged and configured.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the setting display unit 13 is an example of selecting and operating grain setting, overhanging amount, moisture setting, speed setting, drying mode, and moisture correction, as shown in FIG. The speed setting can be selected from five stages of drying speeds of “normal”, “slow”, “slightly slow”, “slightly fast”, and “fast”, and the drying mode depends on the drying speed V0 of the speed setting. There are “standard mode”, “moisture spot convergence mode” including handling of moisture spot convergence described later, and the like, and a guide message is displayed together.

The digital display unit 13a displays three items of temperature, moisture, and remaining time serving as a drying index in an alphanumeric manner in a switchable manner, and displays an abnormal content code number or the like if applicable.
The operation switches 14 to 17 are operation switches for stretching, ventilation, drying, and discharging in order.

  The built-in control unit receives the switch information of the operation panel 12 and the detection information from the sensors arranged in each part of the machine casing 1 of the dryer, and performs predetermined arithmetic processing to control the burner combustion amount and the grain circulation system. Start / stop control, display content control of the display units 13 and 13a, and the like are performed. The operation panel 12 can be set to increase / decrease timer, etc., in addition to setting for tension, drying, discharging, and ventilation.

The outline of the operation control of the grain dryer having the above configuration will be described.
The above-mentioned grain dryer performs an after-mentioned operation for sequentially drying to the drying target moisture by a drying operation in which drying hot air is supplied to the drying unit 3 along the set drying speed V0 while circulating the grains stretched in the storage chamber 2. A control unit 19 is provided. The operation control unit 19 performs a round measurement to measure the moisture value of the grain at a plurality of different timings according to the amount of tension while circulating the grain in the storage chamber 2 once, and is obtained by this round measurement. Grasping the degree of moisture unevenness from the vertical moisture content distribution of the stretched grain, and calculating the planned circulation time H, which is the convergence time required to converge the moisture unevenness within a predetermined width by the circulation of the grain, The drying operation is performed at the drying speed V1 that reaches the drying target moisture in the scheduled circulation time H.

  The operation control unit 19 performs the drying operation to the drying target moisture for the scheduled circulation time H based on the vertical moisture unevenness obtained by the round measurement of the stretched grain, so that the circulation time required for the convergence of the moisture unevenness is obtained. Accordingly, appropriate operation control is performed up to the drying target moisture, and moisture unevenness can be converged at the same time as the drying finish.

  Further, when the scheduled circulation time H exceeds the slowest speed drying time H3 determined by the slowest drying speed V3, the operation control unit 19 sets the difference between the two times as the ventilation circulation time K for replenishment circulation. The ventilation operation which circulates the grain is done.

  In this case, the necessary circulation time H is ensured by adding the ventilation operation over the ventilation circulation time K to the drying operation up to the drying target moisture value at the slowest speed V3, thereby causing overdrying by extending the drying time. Therefore, it is possible to converge the moisture unevenness by the ventilation operation.

Hereinafter, the operation control will be described in detail.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control configuration for the above control. The operation control unit 19 built in the control box having the operation panel 12 detects the moisture meter 20 in addition to the switches and the setting information from the touch panel 13. Information, grain detection information in the throwing part of the elevator 5, hot air temperature detection information, and the like are input. On the other hand, as output information, a combustion system signal of the burner 6, for example, a fuel supply signal, a flow rate control signal thereof, or a grain circulation system motor control signal such as the vertical transfer spirals 10 and 9, the elevator 5 and the rotary valve (feed valve) 8, There are a motor control signal of the suction fan 7, a display output to the operation panel 12, and the like.

(Control processing)
Next, control processing of the operation control unit 19 in the grain dryer having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to a flowchart.
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, the operation control of the grain dryer enters the drying operation following the first processing step (hereinafter abbreviated as “S1”) for performing the tension operation control. In response to various settings of drying conditions (S2a) and start of drying (S2b), determination of the drying mode (S2c) is performed.

When the determination of the drying mode (S2c) is not “moisture unevenness convergence”, drying control (S3a, S3b) is performed at the set drying speed V0, and drying is terminated when the target moisture value is reached (S3c) (S3d). .
If the determination of the drying mode (S2c) is “moisture spot convergence”, the circulation time H necessary for the convergence of the moisture spots is calculated by the circulation time calculation process (S4a) based on moisture spot detection. The details of the processing will be described later with reference to a separate flowchart.

When the circulation time H is calculated, a comparison determination (S4b) with respect to the circulation time H is performed with respect to the drying time H0 calculated from the drying speed V0.
If the drying time H0 is longer than the circulation time H by this comparison determination (S4b), the drying control (S3b, S3d) based on the drying speed is performed in the same manner as described above, so that it is necessary to complete the set drying speed V0. The circulation time H is secured and the water spots can be converged.

Further, when the drying time H0 is shorter than the circulation time by the comparison determination (S4b), the drying speed V1 is obtained by re-selection (S4c) from the drying speed at which the drying time H1 becomes longer than the circulation time H. As a result, even when the slowest drying speed V3 is selected, if the comparative determination (S4d) for the drying time H3 is shorter than the circulation time H, that is, the circulation time H is insufficient due to the end of the slowest drying time H3. In the case where the moisture spots are not converged by the minute K, the control unit 19 is configured to perform the drying control to add the ventilation circulation of the insufficient amount K (S4f).
In other words, when the moisture spot convergence mode is selected, the drying time at the drying speed “normal” is compared with the circulation time required for moisture spot convergence. Comparing the time and circulation time, if the slowest (“slow”) drying time is shorter than the circulation time, the difference between the slowest (“slow”) drying time and the circulation time is used for circulation. It is.

  When the circulation time H exceeds the drying time H3, the ventilation circulation is in a semi-dry state, and preferably, when the moisture value is 18%, the hot air is stopped for the time when the circulation time H exceeds the drying time H3. By adding, the grain can be dried to a predetermined moisture value by converging large moisture spots without causing excessive drying.

  The grain dryer that includes the operation control unit 19 having the above-described configuration and dries the grains at a set drying speed V0 is used to measure the layered moisture value measuring means 20 of the stretched grain and converge the measured layered moisture value. Moisture spots that are provided with a calculation means for calculating the required circulation time H and a drying condition display means 12 and are dried with hot air at a drying speed V1 set as necessary within a range of drying time equal to or higher than the circulation time H required for the convergence of moisture spots. By providing a convergence mode so that it can be selected, it is possible to dry the cereal grains by selecting a desired drying speed. When the moisture spot convergence mode is selected, drying is performed within a range where the drying time is equal to or longer than the circulation time H. When the speed V1 is reset, the drying condition is displayed by the display means 13a of the operation unit 12 together with the grain drying according to the drying condition. It is possible to get the prospect of work by a new dry conditions.

In this case, the high speed range of the drying speed is likely not to satisfy the circulation time H necessary for the convergence of the moisture spots, so that the drying speed is reset when the drying speed is reset in the moisture spots convergence mode. By limiting to the range below the intermediate speed of the speed range, the drying conditions can be selected efficiently.
That is, when the operator first sets the drying speed to “somewhat fast” or “fast” and then selects the moisture spot convergence mode, the operator first shifts to the drying speed “normal” and sets the drying time and circulation time to After comparison (S4b), the process proceeds along the flowchart of FIG.
Or, if the operator selects the moisture spots convergence mode before setting the drying speed, the drying speed can be selected as “Normal”, “Slightly slow”, “Slow”, and “Highly fast”, “Highly fast” It is good also as a structure which controls selection of the drying speed of an area | region.

  Further, as another example of the drying operation control, in the moisture spot convergence mode, when the drying speed V2 closest to the circulation time H is selected and the corresponding drying time H2 is less than the circulation time H, the lack thereof By making it possible to select to add a minute as a circulation of circulation by stopping hot air, it is possible to avoid prolonged drying time and to handle moisture spots according to the situation.

  That is, by selecting a drying speed at which the drying time is closest to the moisture spot convergence time, grain drying and moisture spot convergence are almost completed at the same time. In such a case, even if the addition of ventilation circulation for the convergence of moisture spots is selected, the moisture spots can be converged with a slight extension of time, and the moisture spots can be selected by cutting off without adding ventilation circulation. Even if the convergence has not been completed, the moisture spots are kept small just before the convergence.

  In handling the moisture spots, when the drying speed is switched to the slow speed side so as to satisfy the circulation time H, for example, the circulation time H is 24 hours, and the drying time H0 at the drying speed V0 set to “somewhat fast” is 22 hours. Yes, instead of this drying speed V0, if the drying time H1 with the drying speed V1 reset to “normal” on the slow speed side is 29 hr, adding 2 hr ventilation circulation will shorten the spot convergence in a shorter time Drying will be completed while planning.

Thus, since the drying time may be increased by switching the drying speed to the slow speed side so as to satisfy the circulation time H, the ventilation circulation is added to the selected drying speed as described above. By making it selectable, it becomes possible to handle moisture spots according to the situation while avoiding a long time for any of the presence or absence of addition.
In addition, instead of adding the above-mentioned ventilation circulation, it is possible to handle the moisture spots according to the situation while avoiding a long time as in the above by configuring the correction to reduce the hot air temperature by 1 to 2 ° C. It becomes possible.

(Circulation time calculation)
Here, the above-described calculation process of the circulation time will be described in detail.
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, the circulation time calculation process starts from the start of the drying operation following the tension operation (S1) until the detection of the tension amount instead of the grain tension stoppage and the setting of the tension amount. Begin. In the drying operation, after the start of the motor and burners (S3), the number of times of uneven moisture measurement (S4) corresponding to the amount of tension is calculated, and the unevenness of moisture in the storage grain 2 is measured (S5). .

  The moisture unevenness is grasped by the moisture value distribution for each layer stacked in the vertical direction of the storage chamber 2, for example, as in the example of the division of the moisture unevenness layer in FIG. The water content of each layer can be measured by circulating the cereal grains in the storage chamber 2 once in the machine body. Therefore, according to the example of the chart of the number of times of measurement shown in FIG. It is based on a round measurement that measures moisture at the required time during a round.

  The stratified moisture value obtained by this round measurement will be described with reference to an example in which the amount of cereal grains is LV10 and the number of measurements is 12 times (LV1 is measured at three locations). As shown in the example graph of FIG. 10, the average of the measured moisture values of 32 samples for each layer is defined as the average moisture value Mn of each layer, and the moisture values M1 to M10 of each of the layers LV1 to LV10 in each measurement segment are detected. Further, the average of the average moisture value of each layer is detected as the initial average moisture value (Ms) of the whole cereal grains. Then, from the distribution state of the moisture values M1 to M10 by the layers LV1 to LV10 of each measurement section, a planned circulation time H as a mixing circulation time necessary to converge the moisture unevenness within a predetermined range is calculated (S6 to S6). S8).

  The planned circulation time H will be described in detail. First, the difference (M1-Ms), (M2-Ms),... Between the moisture values M1, M2,. Each is calculated (S6). Then, the sum of the consecutive layers adjacent to each other is calculated by calculating the sum of the adjacent numbers with the same sign with respect to the number of the absolute value of the sum of the adjacent layers, that is, the above-described “difference” data sequence. The largest value of the absolute value of is the moisture unevenness coefficient X. In this case, when expressed in a general form with the layer number n = 1, 2,..., The sum of (Mn−Ms) of the continuous range of the same sign is the maximum in absolute value for the moisture value Mn of each layer LVn. Is the value. The moisture unevenness coefficient X is an example of an index for grasping the degree of moisture unevenness.

  The circulation number R satisfying the formula X / AR <0.01 is calculated from the moisture unevenness coefficient X and the grain constant A (for example, 1.4 for straw and 2 for wheat) obtained from the grain type (S7). Then, the planned circulation time H is calculated from the circulation number R, the amount of tension W, and the circulation capacity B (S8).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Storage chamber 3 Drying part 4 Grain collection room 5 Elevator 6 Burner 7 Suction fan 12 Operation panel 13 Setting display part 13a Digital display part 19 Operation control part 20 Moisture meter H Scheduled circulation time H0 Set drying time H1 Reset drying time H2 selection Drying time H3 Slowest drying speed K Ventilation circulation time V0 Set drying speed V1 Reselected drying speed V2 Selected drying speed V3 Slowest drying speed

Claims (3)

Based on the drying speed (V0) and the amount of tension, the reached moisture value set by the operator, in the grain dryer for drying hot air while circulating the tension grain,
From the measuring means (20) of the stratified moisture value of the above-mentioned cereal grains, the circulation time (H) required for convergence of the measured stratified moisture value and the set drying speed (V0) until reaching the reached moisture value The calculation means for calculating the drying time and a moisture spot convergence mode that can be selected to converge the moisture spots are provided, and when this moisture spot convergence mode is selected, the drying time is equal to or longer than the circulation time (H). A grain dryer characterized by displaying a change in the drying speed on the drying condition display means (13) while shifting to the corresponding drying speed (V1) for converging moisture spots.   The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the drying speed (V1) in the moisture spot convergence mode is limited to a range equal to or lower than an intermediate speed of a settable drying speed range. Based on the drying speed (V0) and the amount of tension, the reached moisture value set by the operator, in the grain dryer for drying hot air while circulating the tension grain,
From the measuring means (20) of the stratified moisture value of the above-mentioned cereal grains, the circulation time (H) required for convergence of the measured stratified moisture value and the set drying speed (V0) until reaching the reached moisture value And a moisture spot convergence mode that can be selected to converge the moisture spots. This moisture spot convergence mode is a drying speed that is closest to the circulation time (H). (V2) is selected from settable drying speeds, and when the drying time (H2) based on the drying speed (V2) is less than the circulation time (H), the shortage time (K) is determined by stopping hot air. Grain dryer characterized by circulating air.

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