JP5011983B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for ON / OFF control of a combustion device when the amount of squeezed grain is small.
JP 7-294127 A

In recent years, the size of farming machines has been increasing due to the large scale of agriculture, but on the other hand, demands for small grain drying treatment for each farmer are also increasing.
However, the grain dryer needs to squeeze more than the set amount of grain. The kernel does not accumulate in the grain flow passage of the room, and a part of the hot air discharged from the hot air chamber directly acts on the hot air temperature sensor provided in the vicinity of the hot air chamber without acting on the grain. The detection accuracy of the temperature sensor is lowered, and proper burner combustion control cannot be performed.

An object of the present invention is to perform a stable drying operation even when a small amount of grain is dried.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
That is, in the invention according to claim 1, the storage chamber (1) for storing the stretched grain, the burner (7) capable of controlling the combustion amount, and the hot air generated by the burner (7) pass through. A hot air chamber (9), a grain passage (11) that acts on the grains through which the hot air in the hot air chamber (9) flows, and a suction fan (12) that sucks the hot air that has passed through the grain passage (11) And in the grain dryer which provided the far-infrared radiator (6) and the tension grain amount setting means (26) which sets the tension grain amount, the grain tension amount is less than the set amount. In this case, the combustion amount of the burner (7) is controlled to be fixed, and the drying process in which the burner (7) burns and the pause process in which the burner (7) and the suction fan (12) are stopped reach the set moisture value. Until the set time is alternately performed .

In invention of Claim 1, when the amount of grain embedding is below a setting amount, the combustion amount of a burner (7) by a hot air temperature sensor is controlled by controlling the combustion amount of a burner (7) fixedly. A stable drying process can be performed without reliance.
Moreover, during this pause process, the water | moisture content inside a grain can transfer to a grain surface side sequentially, and can accelerate | stimulate grain drying. Moreover, by making it the structure which stops a suction fan (12) during a pause process, it makes it difficult to lower the temperature of the grain in a pause process by making it difficult to lower the temperature of a far-infrared radiator (6). It is possible to promote the moisture transfer action in which the moisture inside the grain moves to the grain surface side .

As one of the best modes for carrying out the present invention, a grain dryer will be described in detail.
1 is a machine frame of a grain drying device, which is stacked in the order of a storage chamber 2, a drying chamber 3, and a cereal collection chamber 4, and in the cereal collection chamber 4 while circulating grains by driving an elevator 5 provided outside. In this configuration, the radiant heat from the provided far-infrared radiator 6 and exhausted hot air from the far-infrared radiator 6 are bathed and dried.

  The far-infrared radiator 6 is located in the grain collection room 4, one end faces the burner 7, has a rectangular cross section, and applies a far-infrared radiation paint on the left and right wall surfaces and the bottom surface. It is comprised so that far-infrared radiant heat may be bathed in the grain which flows down the grain flow lower plate 8 surface. The exhaust heat from the upper surface of the far-infrared radiator 6 flows through the exhaust air chambers 10 and 10 from the hot air chambers 9a, 9b and 9b in the upper drying chamber 3 while mixing with the outside air introduced from the rear and front sides of the airframe. It is the structure which crosses the grain channel | paths 11,11 ... which are formed in the shape of a slant and breathable.

  In addition, the point which comprises the suction fan 12 in the back side of this drying chamber 3 and contributes to the said hot air distribution | circulation is the same as that of a well-known structure. The hot air in the central hot air chamber 9a is supplied to the left and right hot air chambers 9b and 9b through the duct 13 on the rear surface of the machine body. Reference numeral 14 denotes a roof-type dust exhaust plate disposed above the far-infrared radiator 6, while preventing the dust from falling from the upper part to the radiator 6, and the mixed air of the exhaust heat air and the outside air from the left and right sides. It is set as the guide part which detours from and guides upwards.

  15 and 15 are feed valves that allow a predetermined amount of grain to flow down while rotating forward and backward. Reference numeral 16 denotes a lower transfer device that communicates with the elevator 5, and reference numeral 17 denotes an upper transfer device that is connected to the upper side of the elevator 5, and can supply grains to the diffusion plate 18 at the upper part of the storage chamber 2. The burner 7, the grain circulation mechanism, and the like are performed by a computer having a memory that stores a control program necessary for drying control, various data, and the like. That is, the operation panel 19 is provided with a liquid crystal display unit 20, and along the lower edge of the display unit 20, there are five push-button extension switches 21, ventilation switches 22, drying switches 23, discharge switches 24, and A stop switch 25 is provided. In addition to these switches, the tension amount setting switch 26 that can select and set the minimum tension amount LV1 to the maximum tension amount LV10 and the tension amount LV0.5 less than the minimum tension amount, the drying setting corresponding to the grain type A switch 27, a stop moisture setting switch 28, and the like are provided. 29 is an emergency stop switch.

  FIG. 6 shows a control block diagram. In addition to the setting information from the switches, the calculation control unit 31 of the computer built in the control box having the operation panel 19 includes the moisture meter 32 detection information and the throwing unit of the elevator 5. Grain detection information of the provided grain flow detector 33, detection information of the hot air temperature sensor 60 provided near the hot air chamber 8, detection information of the outside air temperature detector 34, detection information of the outside air humidity detector 35, and the like are input.

  On the other hand, the output information includes a combustion system 37 signal of the burner 7, for example, a fuel supply signal, a flow rate control signal thereof, a transfer spiral of each of the vertical transfer devices 15 and 16, a lift 5 and a feed valve 15 as a grain circulation motor. There are a feed valve motor 38 / elevator drive motor 39 control signal, a suction fan 12 motor control signal, a display output to each display unit 20, and the like.

  The elevator 5 is a bucket type, and has a structure in which a large number of buckets 41, 41... Are attached to an endless belt 40 and the outer periphery is covered with a side wall 5a. It is the structure which carries to 2. Inside the front side of the side wall 5a of the elevator 5, the front edge of the unillustrated grain intake portion of the single-grain moisture meter 32 is inserted and installed near the bucket 41 of the endless belt 40 for buckets. Under the grain take-in part, the start end part of the unillustrated grain feed spiral is looked over.

  The moisture meter 32 includes a pair of electrode rolls, and is a known configuration that calculates the moisture value by converting the electrical resistance value into a moisture voltage while crushing the grains one by one, and is a control for moisture measurement. This control unit averages the converted moisture value of a predetermined number of grains (32 in this embodiment) and outputs an average moisture value to perform various drying controls or display output. .

Next, the drying operation will be described with reference to FIG.
When the tension switch 21 is pressed, the elevator 5, the upper transfer device 17, and the diffusion plate 18 start to drive, and the grains stuck in the grain insertion port (not shown) are cerealed by the elevator 5 and dried. It is inserted in the grain passage 11 of the chamber 3 and the storage chamber 2 in sequence.

  When the tensioning operation is finished, the tension amount setting switch 26 sets the tension grain amount. First, as shown in FIG. 11, when the tension grain amount is equal to or less than the minimum dry tension amount, LV 0.5 is set. This is set with the tension amount setting switch 26.

When the drying switch 23 is pressed, the drying operation is started, and the feeding valve 15 feeds the grains in the grain passage 11 toward the brewing chamber 4 and starts burning the burner 7.
The grain fed out to the grain collection chamber 4 flows down the grain flow lower plate 8 while flowing down the grain flow lower plate 8 while bathing the radiant heat of the far-infrared radiator 6 heated by the burner 7 combustion. Supplied to device 16.

  Then, it is transferred to the elevator 5 by the lower transfer device 16 and is circulated and supplied to the storage chamber 2 and the drying chamber 11 again. At this time, the moisture meter 32 takes in a sample grain of a predetermined number of grains at every set time when the elevator 5 is cerealed, and calculates a moisture value.

The burner 7 performs combustion with the combustion amount fixed.
That is, when the drying operation is performed with a small amount of squeezed kernel that is equal to or less than the minimum dry squeezing amount, the kernel is not accumulated in the grain passage 11 and the hot air that has passed through the hot air chambers 9a and 9b to the grain passage 11 Part of h is discharged into the drying chamber 3 without acting on the grain, and acts on the hot air temperature sensor 60 provided in the vicinity of the hot air chambers 9a and 9b, so that the accuracy of temperature detection of the hot air temperature sensor 60 is reduced and appropriate. Combustion control of the burner 7 based on the detection result of the hot air temperature sensor 60 becomes impossible. By performing combustion with the combustion amount of the burner 7 fixed, stable combustion can be performed.

  It is preferable that the combustion amount at the time of the drying process below the minimum dry filling amount is fixed at any one of the predetermined combustion amount or the minimum combustion amount and burned. That is, since the amount of squeezed kernel is small, it is possible to reduce problems such as cracking of the kernel due to rapid drying by suppressing the amount of combustion.

  Then, when the drying process is performed for a set time (for example, 1 hour), the burner 7 and the feeding valve 15 are stopped, and a pause process is started. During this resting process, the moisture inside the grain can be transferred to the grain surface side in sequence to promote grain drying. In addition, it is possible to reduce grain damage such as deflation by circulating a large amount of a small amount of grain by not circulating during the pause process.

  Moreover, by making it the structure which stops the suction fan 12 during a pause process, it can make it difficult to lower the temperature of the grain in a pause process by making it difficult to lower the temperature of the far-infrared radiator 6. It is possible to promote the moisture transfer action in which the moisture inside the above-mentioned grain sequentially moves to the grain surface side.

When the pause process is performed for a set time (for example, 1 hour), the drying process is restarted, and the dry process and the pause process are alternately repeated until the set moisture is reached.
When the grain reaches the set moisture and the drying operation is finished and the burner 7 is stopped, the suction fan 12 is driven for a set time (for example, 20 minutes) after the burner 7 is stopped, unlike the above-described pause process. The far-infrared radiator 6 is configured to promote cooling.

  Next, a description will be given of the drying operation in the normal dry stretch amount (LV1 to LV10). When any of the LV1 to LV10 is set with the stretch amount setting switch 26 and the dry switch 23 is pressed, the burner 7 The amount of combustion is controlled based on the detection result of the outside air temperature sensor 34, the amount of squeezed grain (LV1 to LV10), and the like. And a drying process is performed continuously until it reaches set moisture.

Next, the moisture measurement of the moisture meter 32 at the time of the drying process below the minimum dry loading amount will be described based on FIG.
Rather than judging the moisture of all the grains by measuring the moisture content of a predetermined number of grains (32 grains) at a small amount of stretched grain, the variation in moisture in each grain layer (S1 to S4) is detected. It is desirable to be able to grasp the moisture state of the grain more precisely.

  In the case of normal stretched grain amount (LV1 to LV10), as shown in FIG. 8 (A), the moisture measurement taken into the moisture meter 9 by 32 grains until the grain circulates once in the dryer. Performs every set time interval in time. In the case of (a) in FIG. 8, the moisture measurement is performed four times during the time required for one circulation. Therefore, it is possible to measure the degree of moisture variation for each grain layer (S1 to S4).

  In addition, the term “one-time circulation” means that the grains in the grain passage 11 pass through the circulation process of the lower transfer device 16, the elevator 5, and the upper transfer device 17 from the grain collection chamber 4, and again through the storage chamber from the diffusion plate 18. Time until returning to the passage 11.

  On the other hand, in the case of the minimum dry filling amount (LV 0.5), since it takes a short time to circulate once, about 130 grains are continuously fed to the moisture meter 32 as shown in FIG. The taken-in moisture is measured, and it is divided into four times (about 32 grains per time) in the order of taking in later, and the moisture value is calculated and displayed. That is, the total number of grains required for moisture measurement for a predetermined number of times is continuously taken into the moisture meter 32, and is divided into a predetermined number of times for each predetermined number of grains in the order of loading. The value is calculated and displayed.

With this configuration, even in the case of a small amount of sown grain, it is possible to detect moisture variation for each grain layer (S1 to S4), and to provide effective grain quality information to the operator.
The grain layers (S1 to S4) described here are not strictly distinguished as layers, but are recognized as approximate layers for convenience.

FIG. 7 shows the drying control in the case where the tension amount detection sensor 70 capable of automatically setting the tension grain amount is provided.
The tension amount detection sensor 70 has a configuration in which the weight 70b is suspended by the string 70a and the string 70a. After the tensioning operation is finished, the weight 70b is lowered to detect that the weight 70b is in contact with the upper surface of the tension grain. It is the structure which detects the amount of tension grain from the height position of the upper surface of a grain. After detecting the amount of sticking, the flow is the same as that shown in FIG.

Flow chart of drying process Operation panel diagram of grain dryer The figure which shows the inside of the grain dryer seen from the side The figure which shows the inside of the grain dryer seen from the front Diagram showing the grain dryer as seen from the back Block Diagram Flow chart of drying process Time chart showing the measurement interval of the moisture meter Graph showing the result of one moisture measurement The figure which shows the moisture value for every grain layer Diagram showing normal dry loading, minimum dry loading, and grain layer

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage chamber 7 Burner 9 Hot air chamber 11 Grain passage 12 Suction fan 26 Tension grain amount setting switch

Claims (1)

A storage chamber (1) for storing the stuck grain, a burner (7) capable of controlling the amount of combustion, a hot air chamber (9) through which hot air generated by the burner (7) passes, and a hot air chamber (9 ) In the grain passage (11) acting on the grain in which the hot air flows down, a suction fan (12) for sucking the hot air that has passed through the grain passage (11), a far-infrared radiator (6), In the grain dryer provided with the tension grain amount setting means (26) for setting the tension grain amount,
When the amount of grain embedding is less than or equal to the set amount, the combustion amount of the burner (7) is fixedly controlled,
A grain characterized by alternately performing a drying process in which the burner (7) burns and a pause process in which the burner (7) and the suction fan (12) stop until the set moisture value is reached. Dryer.

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