JP2011052032A - Refrigeration air-condition unit using 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigeration air-condition unit using a 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene single refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane and capable of securing an oil-returning property to a compressor and reducing a leaking current value, and giving consideration to the environment. <P>SOLUTION: This refrigeration air-condition unit uses, as a refrigerant oil for the encapsulated electric compressor, a refrigerant oil not causing a two-phase separation between the refrigerant oil and the refrigerant in a range of -40 to 80°C in a refrigeration cycle circulating through an encapsulated electric compressor for sucking and compressing a 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene single refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, a heat exchanger for letting a refrigerant delivered from the compressor radiate heat, a decompressor for decompressing a refrigerant delivered from the heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger for letting a refrigerant compressed by the compressor absorb heat. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration air conditioner using 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

  Global environmental measures in the refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment field include replacement of CFCs (Chloro Fluoro Carbons) and HCFCs (Hydro Chloro Fluoro Carbons), which have been used as refrigerants and insulation materials as ozone-depleting substances, and high levels of global warming countermeasures. These measures have been actively promoted, such as improving efficiency and replacing HFC (Hydro Fluoro Carbons) used in refrigerants.

As an alternative to CFC and HCFC, which are ozone-depleting substances, the selection of refrigerants and heat insulating materials and equipment development were promoted with a focus on not destroying the ozone layer, low toxicity and flammability, and ensuring efficiency. As a result, in the heat insulating material of the refrigerator, the foaming agent is replaced by CFC11 → HCFC141b → cyclopentane, and now it is shifted to the combined use with the vacuum heat insulating material. As refrigerants, refrigerators and car air conditioners were replaced with CFC12C → HFC134a (GWP (Global Warming Potentail) = 1430), and room air conditioners and packaged air conditioners were replaced with HCFC22 → R410A (GWP = 2088). However, at the 3rd Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3) held in Kyoto in 1997, HFC emissions were subject to regulation after being converted to CO ₂ as greenhouse gases. It became a thing. In view of this, it was judged that a refrigerator for home use has a small amount of refrigerant filled and that a flammable refrigerant can be used for manufacturing, and HFC134a was further replaced with flammable R600a (isobutane: GWP = 3). Furthermore, due to growing public opinion, attention is now focused on HFC134a for car air conditioners and R410A for room air conditioners and packaged air conditioners. Moreover, in commercial refrigerators, the amount of R600a enclosed is large, and HFC134a is still used because of flammability concerns.

  In reality, recycling of equipment is obligated by the Home Appliance Recycling Law (Specific Home Appliance Recycling Law) enacted in 2001 and the Automobile Recycling Law (Law Concerning Recycling of Used Cars) Enforced in 2003 HFC used as a refrigerant is recovered and processed. However, the EU (European Union), in the 2006 Directive (Directive 2006/40 / EC), forbids the use of refrigerants with GWP> 150 as refrigerants for use in car air conditioners shipped in January 2011. In response, the car air conditioner industry has made various moves, and there are concerns that R410A will eventually be regulated even in room air conditioners. These alternative refrigerants have the same thermophysical properties as HFC134a and are 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf (Hydro Fluoro Clefin) (GWP =) for reasons such as low GWP, low toxicity and low flammability. 4) Candidate or a mixed refrigerant (GWP <150) is a candidate.The refrigerant mixed with 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is trifluoro disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 9 and the like. Although azeotropic hydrofluorocarbons such as iodomethane, carbon dioxide, and difluoroethane (HFC152a) are mentioned, it is difficult to efficiently operate a room air conditioner with these mixed refrigerants because of toxicity, stability, and thermophysical properties.

On the other hand, refrigeration oil is used in a hermetic electric compressor and plays a role of lubrication, sealing, cooling, etc. of the sliding part. APF (Annual Performance Factor) has been adopted as an index to show energy saving performance in line with actual usage conditions according to the Energy Saving Law (Act on the Rational Use of Energy), which was revised in June 2006. Since high efficiency is required and use conditions become severe, a refrigerator oil with good lubricity is required in terms of ensuring reliability. Further, since an ester insulating film (mainly heat-resistant PET: Poly Ethylene Terephtalate) is used in the compressor, a refrigerating machine oil having low water absorption is preferable. As the refrigerating machine oil used in the compressor using a refrigerant alone or a mixed refrigerant containing the refrigerant with 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, from the above, polyalkylene glycol oil, polyol ester oil, mineral oil, poly α-alephine Oil, alkyl benzene oil is disclosed. An open type compressor such as a car air conditioner can be applied to a refrigerating machine oil having poor electrical insulation, such as polyalkylene glycol. However, in closed compressors such as room air conditioners, polyalkylene glycol oil is much lower than the volume resistivity standard of 10 ¹³ Ω · cm as an electrical insulating oil, and the dielectric constant is very high at about 5.0. As a result, the leakage current during system operation increases, and the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law (regulation of manufacturing, importing and selling of electrical appliances, and promoting the voluntary activities of private businesses to ensure the safety of electrical appliances) Therefore, it is difficult to satisfy a leakage current value of 1.0 mA or less determined for the purpose of preventing dangers and troubles caused by electrical appliances). Therefore, it is necessary to add a leakage current reduction circuit (canceller circuit) or optimize a noise terminal voltage filter (noise filter). Furthermore, polyalkylene glycol oil has a very high water absorption, and requires equipment and time to control moisture. Since polyalkylene glycol oil is stable to hydrolysis, the moisture in the oil has a problem of contributing to hydrolysis of the ester insulating film in the compressor. In addition, mineral oil, poly α-olefin oil, alkylbenzene oil, and the like are inferior in compatibility with 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene refrigerant, and there is a concern that the oil return characteristic to the compressor may be lowered. Furthermore, since the base material alone has a problem of poor lubricity, the ecotoxicity at the time of environmental leakage is large, and it falls under the Basel Convention regulated substance (Domestic law: Law on the regulation of import / export of specified hazardous waste, etc.) TCP: Phosphorus extreme pressure agent such as tricresyl phosphate must be blended.

  For the above reasons, the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus includes 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a refrigerating machine oil that is compatible with a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane and has good electrical insulation and lubricity. Is preferably used.

Special table 2007-532766 gazette Special table 2007-532767 Special table 2007-536390 Special table 2007-538115 gazette Special table 2008-504374 Special table 2008-505989 JP 2008-506793 A Special table 2008-524433 JP 2008-239814 A

  In view of the above, the present invention can easily reduce the leakage current of a refrigeration and air-conditioning apparatus using a 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene refrigerant alone or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, and can provide long-term reliability of the compressor. It is to provide an environment-friendly refrigeration air conditioner that can save energy and increase efficiency while ensuring the performance and oil return characteristics.

Specific means for solving the problems are as follows.
(1) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene refrigerant alone or a hermetic electric compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, and heat exchange that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor As a refrigerating machine oil for a hermetic electric compressor in a refrigerating cycle that circulates through a heat exchanger that depressurizes refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat of the refrigerant depressurized by the decompressor A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus using a refrigerating machine oil that does not cause two-layer separation with the refrigerant in a range of -40 to 80 ° C.
(2) A polyol ester oil of the following general formula (wherein R represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms) is used as the refrigerating machine oil of the hermetic electric compressor described in (1). Refrigeration air conditioner characterized.

(3) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a hermetic electric compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, and a heat exchanger that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor In a refrigeration cycle that circulates through a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor, as a refrigerating machine oil for a hermetic electric compressor, A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus using a polyol ester oil of the following general formula (wherein R represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms).

(4) A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus comprising 1.0% by weight or less of a compound having an epoxy ring or bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide as an acid scavenger in the refrigerating machine oil according to (3). .
(5) The hermetic electric compressor according to (3) is a scroll compressor, and the kinematic viscosity of the polyol ester oil is in a viscosity range of 40 to 80 mm ² / s at 40 ° C. .
(6) The refrigerator according to (3), wherein the hermetic electric compressor is a reciprocating compressor, and the kinematic viscosity of the polyol ester oil is in a viscosity range of 5 to 30 mm ² / s at 40 ° C.
(7) The refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, wherein the organic insulating material in the compressor used in the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to (3) is a material that is not physically and chemically deteriorated.
(8) As the refrigeration oil for the hermetic electric compressor described in (3), one side of the filter circuit of the refrigeration air conditioner is connected to an AC power source and the ground, and the AC voltage between the other terminals is measured. A refrigeration air conditioner using a refrigeration oil having a leakage current value of 1 mA or less divided by 1 kΩ.
(9) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a hermetic electric compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, and a heat exchanger that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor In a refrigeration cycle that circulates through a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor, as a refrigerating machine oil for a hermetic electric compressor, Connect one side of the filter circuit of the refrigeration air conditioner to the AC power source and the ground, measure the AC voltage between the other terminals, and use the refrigerating machine oil whose leakage current value is 1 mA or less by dividing this voltage by 1 kΩ. Refrigeration air conditioner characterized.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an environment-friendly refrigeration air conditioner that can easily reduce leakage current, ensure long-term reliability and oil return characteristics of the compressor, and can save energy and increase efficiency. .

It is the schematic explaining a room air conditioner. It is sectional drawing explaining a scroll compressor.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. In this embodiment, a room air conditioner using a 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene refrigerant alone or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention is also applied to an electric car air conditioner, a packaged air conditioner, a commercial refrigerator, etc. using a 3,3-tetrafluoropropene refrigerant alone or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane.

  The refrigerant of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus of the present invention is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane. 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene refrigerant alone is preferable to replace HFC134a such as electric car air conditioner and commercial refrigerator, and mixed with difluoromethane to secure the refrigerant flow rate for air conditioner such as room air conditioner and packaged air conditioner Good refrigerant. The mixing ratio of difluoromethane is preferably GWP <150. If calculated by GWP 100 years after the fourth report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the mixing amount of difluoromethane is 150 or less if it is 23% by weight or less. Can be satisfied. However, since it is non-azeotropic, there is a problem in that heat exchange efficiency decreases, refrigerant composition fluctuations, and temperature gradients in the heat exchanger occur.

  As in the present invention, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a sealed electric compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, and releases the refrigerant discharged from the compressor. In a refrigeration cycle that circulates through a heat exchanger, a decompressor that decompresses refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor, the hermetic electric compressor includes Examples of the refrigerating machine oil that does not occur in a range where the two-layer separation temperature with a refrigerant at an arbitrary concentration ranges from −40 to 80 ° C. and has excellent electrical insulation properties include polyvinyl ether oil and polyol ester oil. As the polyol ester oil, a divalent fatty acid complex ester oil using a dicarboxylic acid such as hexanedioic acid (adipic acid), and more preferably a hindered compound which is synthesized from a polyhydric alcohol and a monovalent fatty acid and has excellent thermal stability. Good type. For example, polyhydric alcohols include neopentyl glycol, trimethylol propane, and pentaerythritol. Monovalent fatty acids include pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, 3, 5, 5 -Trimethylhexanoic acid and the like, and these single or two or more kinds of mixed fatty acids are used. In particular, as the base oil of the refrigerator oil, at least one selected from the group of fatty acid ester oils represented by the following general formulas (1) to (4) having at least two ester bonds in the molecule is preferable.

However, R: C 5-12 alkyl group The viscosity grade of the refrigerating machine oil used for the air conditioner such as the room air conditioner and the packaged air conditioner of the present invention varies depending on the type of the compressor, but in the scroll type refrigerant compressor, the viscosity at 40 ° C. Is preferably in the range of 40 to 80 mm ² / s. Moreover, in the reciprocating compressor used for a commercial refrigerator, the range of 5-30 mm < ² > / s is good.

  The heat insulation class of electrical insulation is defined by JEC-6147 (Electrical Society Electrical Standards Survey Standard), and the insulating material employed in the compressor for the refrigeration air conditioner is also selected according to the heat resistant species of the standard. However, in the case of organic insulation materials for refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, they are used in a special environment such as in a refrigerant atmosphere. Therefore, in addition to temperature, polar compounds such as refrigerant and refrigeration oil can be suppressed. Solvent resistance, extraction resistance, thermal / chemical / mechanical stability, and refrigerant resistance (crazing (fine bellows-like cracks that occur when the film is stressed and then immersed in the refrigerant) , Blisters (refrigerants absorbed into the film are bubbles in the film caused by temperature rise)) must also be considered. For this reason, it is necessary to use an insulating material of a high heat resistance class (E class 120 ° C. or higher). The insulating material most frequently used in the compressor is PET (polyethylene terephthalate). As a use, a film material is used for coil insulation with an iron core of a distributed winding motor, and a fibrous PET is used as a coil binding thread and a covering material for a lead wire of a motor. Other insulating films include PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PEEK (polyether ether ketone), PI (polyimide), PA (polyamide), and the like. The main insulation coating material for the coil is THEIC-modified polyester, polyamide, polyamideimide, polyesterimide, polyesteramideimide, etc., and double coated copper wire with double coating of polyesterimide-amideimide is preferably used. The

  In the present invention, there is no problem even if a lubricity improver, an antioxidant, an acid scavenger, an antifoaming agent, a metal deactivator and the like are added to the above-described refrigerating machine oil. In particular, the polyol ester oil is deteriorated due to hydrolysis in the presence of moisture, so that an antioxidant and an acid scavenger are indispensable. As the antioxidant, DBPC (2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol) which is a phenol type is preferable. As the acid scavenger, an aliphatic epoxy compound is generally used as a compound having an epoxy ring. In particular, carbodiimide compounds have extremely high reactivity with fatty acids, and capture hydrogen ions dissociated from fatty acids, so that the effect of suppressing the hydrolysis reaction of polyol ester oil is very large. Examples of the carbodiimide compound include bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide. The amount of the acid scavenger is preferably 0.05 to 1.0% by weight or less based on the refrigerating machine oil.

  An outline of a room air conditioner that is also used in this embodiment is shown in FIG. When the room is cooled, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed adiabatically from the discharge pipe of the compressor 1 passes through the four-way valve 2 and is cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger 3 (used as a condensing means), and the high-pressure liquid Becomes a refrigerant. This refrigerant is expanded by expansion means 4 (for example, a capillary tube or a temperature type expansion valve) and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid containing a slight amount of gas and reaches the indoor heat exchanger 5 (used as an evaporation means). The heat is obtained from the air, and again passes through the four-way valve 2 to reach the compressor 1 in the state of low-temperature gas. When the room is heated, the flow of the refrigerant is changed in the reverse direction by the four-way valve 2, and the reverse action occurs.

  A scroll type compressor was used as the compressor. The schematic structure is shown in FIG. The compressor has a spiral wrap 8 standing upright on the end plate 7 of the fixed scroll member 6 and a revolving scroll member composed of an end plate 9 and a wrap 10 having substantially the same shape as the fixed scroll member 6 and a wrap 8. The compression mechanism portion is formed by facing the lap 10 and meshing with each other, and the orbiting scroll member is revolved by the crankshaft 11. Of the compression chambers 12 (12a, 12b...) Formed by the fixed scroll member 6 and the orbiting scroll member, the outermost compression chamber is scrolled while the volume is gradually reduced with the orbiting motion. It moves toward the center of the member. When both compression chambers 12a and 12b reach the vicinity of the center of both scroll members, both compression chambers 12a and 12b communicate with the discharge port 13, and the compressed gas in both compression chambers is discharged from the discharge pipe 16 to the outside of the compressor. The

  In the present compressor, an electric motor 17 is built in the pressure vessel 15, and the compressor performs a compression operation by rotating the crankshaft 11 at a constant speed or at a rotational speed corresponding to a voltage controlled by an inverter (not shown). . Further, an oil reservoir is provided at the lower part of the electric motor 17, and this oil passes through an oil hole 18 provided in the crankshaft due to a pressure difference, and a sliding portion between the orbiting scroll member and the crankshaft 11, It is used for lubrication of the sliding bearing 19 and the like.

[Examples 1 to 3] and [Comparative Examples 1 to 5]
A compatibility (solubility) test was performed using the refrigerating machine oil shown in Table 1.
Refrigerant: HFO1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene)
Refrigerator oil:
(A) Hindered type polyol ester oil (POE) 40 ° C. viscosity 61.8 mm ² / s
(Pentaerythritol-based branched chain fatty acid ester)
(B) Hindered type polyol ester oil (POE) 40 ° C. viscosity 101 mm ² / s
(Mixed ester oil of pentaerythritol branched chain fatty acid ester and dipentaerythritol branched chain fatty acid ester)
(C) Polyvinyl ether oil (PVE) 40 ° C. viscosity 65 mm ² / s
(D) Polyalkylene glycol oil (PAG) 40 ° C. viscosity 71.8 mm ² / s
(Polypropylene glycol dimethyl ether)
(E) Polyalkylene glycol oil (PAG) 40 ° C. viscosity 52.7 mm ² / s
(Polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol monomethyl ether copolymer type)
(F) Naphthenic mineral oil (MO) 40 ° C viscosity 55.1 mm ² / s
(G) Poly α-alleffin oil (PAO) 40 ° C. viscosity 69.4 mm ² / s
(H) Hard type alkylbenzene oil (AB) 40 ° C. viscosity 60.1 mm ² / s
(I) Paraffinic mineral oil 40 ° C viscosity 61.16 mm ² / s
The compatibility evaluation between HFO1234yf and the refrigerating machine oil was measured according to JIS K2211. A refrigerant was sealed in a pressure-resistant glass container at an oil concentration of 20% by weight, and the contents were observed while the temperature was changed. If the content was cloudy, it was determined to be separated, and if it was transparent, it was determined to be dissolved.

  In Table 2, the results of compatibility evaluation are shown in Table 2. “◯” indicates dissolution, and “×” indicates separation. The compatibility between the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil is an important characteristic for ensuring the amount of oil returned to the compressor. In the refrigerating and air-conditioning cycle, it is necessary to circulate the refrigerating machine oil as well as the refrigerant. If the compatibility is inferior, the refrigerating machine oil discharged from the compressor due to mechanical elements will not circulate, and the oil separated especially at the low temperature part will stay, so the amount of oil in the compressor will decrease and the lubricating oil in the sliding part will be disturbed. . For this reason, it is essential that the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil are dissolved within the operating condition temperature range in the cycle. As shown in Table 2, the refrigerating machine oils compatible with HFO1234yf in the whole temperature range are the polyol ester oil and the polyvinyl ether oil shown in Examples 1 to 3. Since the oil types shown in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 are separated at the use range temperature, the above-mentioned concern arises.

[Examples 4 and 5] and [Comparative Example 6]
In Examples 4, 5 and Comparative Example 6, the room air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 was used, and an actual machine test was performed in which the indoor unit was installed in a constant temperature room (35 ° C., humidity 75%) and operated for 2160 hours. In Examples 4 and 5, as a combination of refrigerant and refrigerating machine oil, (A) polyol ester oil and Comparative Example 5 (D) polyalkylene glycol oil were taken up, and oil having a water content of 100 ppm or less was enclosed in a compressor. In Example 4 and Comparative Example 6, a compound having an epoxy ring as an acid scavenger, and in Example 5, 0.5% by weight of bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide was added to the refrigerating machine oil. A heat-resistant PET film (Type B 130 ° C.) was used for coil insulation with the motor core, and a double coated copper wire coated with polyesterimide-amidimide double coating was used for the coil main insulation. The evaluation of the room air conditioner focused on the state of wear of the scroll compressor, and measured the amount of increase in the gap due to wear between the frame and the shaft before and after the test. This indicates that the amount of wear increases as the amount of increase in the gap between the frame and the shaft increases. In general, vibration and noise increase as the amount of increase in the clearance increases. Further, the total acid value of the test oil was measured. Furthermore, in order to measure the leakage current, one side of the filter circuit was connected to an AC power source and the ground, the AC voltage between the other terminals was measured, and the value obtained by dividing this voltage by 1 kΩ was measured as the leakage current. Since the leakage current increases when the air conditioner is started, the highest current value in one minute of the operation is described in the examples. The target value of this test is that the residual oil amount in the compressor after the test does not decrease, the gap increase due to wear between the frame and the shaft is 10 μm or less, the total acid value of the refrigeration oil is 0.1 mgKOH / g or less, and leakage The goal was to satisfy all the items that the current value is 1.0 mA or less.

  The results of Examples 4 and 5 and Comparative Example 6 are shown in Table 3. As is apparent from Table 3, the room air conditioner of the present invention shown in Examples 4 and 5 can greatly reduce the increase in the gap between the frame and the shaft as compared with Comparative Example 6, and the wear is suppressed. High reliability can be obtained in air conditioners. In addition, the increase in the total acid value after the test is small, and particularly in the case where bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide is added as an acid scavenger to the refrigerating machine oil as shown in Example 5, hydrolysis of the polyol ester oil Is more preferable because the total acid value is low. In Comparative Example 6, since the compatibility is inferior, the amount of oil present in the compressor after the test is reduced, and the increase in the gap between the frame and the shaft is also increased, so reliability is a problem. Furthermore, since polyalkylene glycol oil has a very large dielectric constant of about 5.0, the leakage current value has greatly exceeded 1.0 mA, so a countermeasure is required.

  The evaluation items of the insulating material after the test will be described. For the insulating film, the tensile strength retention and elongation retention before and after the test were measured. The target was a retention rate of 50% or more. In addition, the appearance change, pencil hardness change, winding characteristics, dielectric breakdown voltage (JIS C 3003) were measured for enameled copper wire, and crazing and blistering were observed for refrigerant resistance. These items were targeted to be unchanged before and after the test. The tensile strength retention of the insulating films of Examples 4 and 5 was 80%, and the elongation retention was 60%, and it was confirmed that there was no problem. Further, the enameled copper wire had a pencil hardness of 5H, and the winding property was satisfactory with no problem in the self-diameter. The dielectric breakdown voltage was 14.8 kV, almost the same as the initial value, and it was confirmed from the appearance that no crazing or blistering occurred, and the target was satisfied. On the other hand, the insulation film of the water heater shown in Comparative Example 6 has a tensile strength retention rate and an elongation retention rate of 50% or less, and does not satisfy the target value. Furthermore, a large amount of the PET oligomer component is eluted to the oil side, and there is a danger of entering the fitting portion of the motor and causing a start-up failure. Also, enamelled copper wire also showed a reduction in pencil hardness, and it was confirmed from observation that crazing and blistering, which are problematic in refrigerant resistance, occurred.

  From the results of the above examples, the refrigeration air conditioner of the present invention can suppress the wear of the compressor, greatly reduce the leakage current, and obtain a refrigeration air conditioner that can sufficiently ensure long-term insulation reliability. Although not shown, an actual machine test was performed in the same manner as in the case of a mixed refrigerant of HFO1234yf and HFC32 (20% by weight) as a refrigerant, but almost the same results as in Examples 4 and 5 were obtained, and there was no problem even with the mixed refrigerant. It was confirmed. In this embodiment, a high-pressure chamber type scroll compressor is used. However, a reciprocating compressor, a two-stage compression rotary compressor, and a swing compressor in which a roller and a vane are integrated have the same effect. can get.

  In addition to room air conditioners, it can also be applied to packaged air conditioners, electric car air conditioners, and commercial refrigerators.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Four-way valve 3 Outdoor heat exchanger 4 Expansion means 5 Indoor heat exchanger 6 Fixed scroll members 7, 9 End plate 8 Spiral wrap 10 Lap 11 Crankshaft 12 Compression chamber 13 Discharge port 14 Frame 15 Compression container 16 Discharge Pipe 17 Electric motor 18 Oil hole 19 Sliding bearing

Claims (9)

  A closed electric compressor that sucks and compresses a 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene refrigerant alone or a mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, a heat exchanger that dissipates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, In a refrigeration cycle that circulates through a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor, the refrigerant is used as a refrigerating machine oil for a hermetic electric compressor. A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus using a refrigerating machine oil that does not cause two-layer separation with -40 to 80 ° C. The refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerating machine oil of the hermetic electric compressor is a polyol represented by any of the following general formulas (wherein R represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms). Refrigeration air conditioner characterized by using ester oil.

2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a sealed electric compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, a heat exchanger that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, In a refrigeration cycle that circulates through a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor, the following general oil is used as a refrigerating machine oil for a hermetic electric compressor: A refrigeration air conditioner using a polyol ester oil represented by any one of the formulas (wherein R represents an alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms).

  4. The refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the refrigerating machine oil is blended with 1.0 wt% or less of a compound having an epoxy ring or bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide as an acid scavenger. apparatus. The hermetic electric compressor according to claim 3 is a scroll compressor, and the kinematic viscosity of the polyol ester oil is in a viscosity range of 40 to 80 mm ² / s at 40 ° C. The hermetic electric compressor according to claim 3 is a reciprocating compressor, and the kinematic viscosity of the polyol ester oil is in a viscosity range of 5 to 30 mm ² / s at 40 ° C.   The refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the organic insulating material in the compressor used for the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus is a material that is not physically and chemically deteriorated.   In the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, as the refrigerating machine oil of the hermetic electric compressor, one of the filter circuits of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus is connected to an AC power source and the ground, and an AC voltage between the other terminals is measured. A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus using a refrigerating machine oil having a leakage current value obtained by dividing this voltage by 1 kΩ to 1 mA or less.   2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene alone or a sealed electric compressor that sucks and compresses a refrigerant mixture of the refrigerant and difluoromethane, a heat exchanger that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, In a refrigeration cycle that circulates through a decompressor that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger and a heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor, a refrigeration air conditioner as a refrigerating machine oil for a hermetic electric compressor One of the filter circuits is connected to an AC power source and the ground, the AC voltage between the other terminals is measured, and a refrigerating machine oil having a leakage current value of 1 mA or less obtained by dividing this voltage by 1 kΩ is used. Refrigeration air conditioner.

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