JP2011041525A - Device for culturing mushroom and method for culturing mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-scale domestic or personal device for culturing mushroom which is facilitated in harvest and water supply and enables year-round culture of mushroom using a mushroom bed block, a culturing container or the like; and to provide a method for culturing the mushroom for the device. <P>SOLUTION: The device for culturing mushroom includes: a circular top surface plate 10; a circular bottom surface plate 30; a fixed vertically-divided cylindrical part 20 which is formed so as to connect respective facing circular arc parts 11a, 31a of the top surface plate 10 and the bottom surface plate 30 longitudinally; a movably vertically-divided cylindrical part 15 which is formed so as to connect respective remaining circular arc parts 11b, 31b of the top surface plate 10 and the bottom surface plate 30 and is slidably openable along the circular arc parts 11a, 31a; culturing racks 50-80 each of which has a circular shape having a diameter smaller than that of the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical part 20 and the movably vertically-divided cylindrical part 15, and is disposed inside the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical part 20 and the movably vertically-divided cylindrical part 15; and a pivot part 40 which connects each of the center part of the top surface plate 10 and the bottom surface plate 30 and turnably supports the center parts of the culturing racks 50-80. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cocoon cultivation apparatus for cultivating moss such as shiitake mushrooms and a cultivation method thereof, and in particular, a small cocoon cultivation apparatus for cultivating moss in a relatively small space such as a veranda or a side of a selfish mouth and a cultivation method thereof. About.

  In the case of a conventional method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms in a natural environment, for example, a dried hollywood or cucumber is dried and planted with shiitake mushrooms. However, it is cultivated with attention to the cultivation environment so that the ventilation is good. As a method of cultivation in such a natural environment, there are two methods: a method in which the hoda trees are stacked in the shade and then stood up, a bare hill with dead leaves, a mixed forest of evergreens and deciduous trees, or pine and deciduous trees. There is a well-known forest-covered forest that is buried in a terraced forest. However, these shiitake cultivations are spring and autumn harvests after one to two years after the hyphae have sufficiently propagated in the hoda trees from the planting of shiitake mushrooms. Poor crops, quality degradation and shortening of hoda tree production life, difficulty in obtaining hoda trees, difficulty in handling due to heavy weight of hoda trees, length of cultivation period, large amount of labor, harvest time limited to spring and autumn Have various problems.

  Various proposals have been made to solve these problems of shiitake cultivation. For example, in the case of a straw cultivation apparatus using a hoda tree, the germination time is accelerated by low-temperature stimulation in which the hoda tree is rested in a dark room for 30 days and (2) submerged in water at 10 to 18 degrees C for 24 hours. (3) The daytime temperature is 20 ° C, the nighttime temperature is 10 ° C and the humidity is 70%, and the humidity is 70%, and 3 to 5 days pass. (4) After the germination is confirmed, the temperature is about 20 ° C and the humidity is about 20 ° C. A simple paddy cultivation apparatus and method have been proposed in which a cycle of about 80% is arranged at regular intervals and is repeated several times such as illuminating with artificial light of a heating lamp of about 500 lux for 6 to 8 days (for example, patent document) 1).

  Moreover, in the cultivation method which does not use a hoda tree, for example, a fungus bed block or a cultivation container which is easier to handle than a hoda tree is used, and a regular period from the top at a relatively high temperature of 20 degrees C to 30 degrees C. In a large-scale cultivation building that is air-conditioned with irrigation and humidity, a method has been proposed in which a large number of fungal bed blocks and the like are laid on a plurality of shelves. For air conditioning, a cooler that can cool the air supplied to the room to an appropriate temperature or an air conditioner that can also be heated, an electric or oil heater used for heating, the heat of the intake air and the heat of the exhaust from the room are exchanged A heat exchange type ventilation fan, a circulation fan or the like that can be used is used as an air conditioner, and a water supply tank, a water supply pipe, a solenoid valve, an irrigation nozzle, etc. are used for irrigation for humidity adjustment. Examples of the fungus bed block include a mixture of starch, protein, water, etc., such as sawdust or sawdust, rice cake, rice bran, crushed onion, pulverized soybean, food residue, livestock dung, etc. Used (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  In addition, the cultivation shelf for home gardening is often covered with a cover that has air permeability, light-shielding and moisture retention such as cold straw, and a synthetic hole provided with small holes for supply on the top of the cultivation shelf with many hod trees leaned against it There has been proposed a household shiitake mushroom cultivation apparatus in which a water tank made of resin is installed and water is supplied to the water tank to save water for irrigation of a hoda tree (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP 2001-320958 A JP 2003-210036 A JP 2008-000064 A

  However, the conventional cultivating apparatus for cultivating moss proposed in each of the above-mentioned patent documents etc. is a hodder tree for cultivating moss in a rectangular box or rectangular shelf surrounded by straight sides. Or a fungus bed block or a cultivation container is arranged. Therefore, even if an individual or a small-scale shop owner introduces a conventional paddy cultivation apparatus, a large space is required in a straight line when he / she desires frequent harvesting every day. Furthermore, the above-described conventional paddy cultivation device is used for harvesting and water supply from one side of the passage side to provide a cover for light shielding and moisture retention, and water supply is performed when a hidden part such as the back side is not visible. It may become insufficient, and it may be difficult to harvest the hidden part.

  In addition, it has been proposed that the above-described conventional paddy cultivation apparatus cultivates shiitake mushrooms and the like throughout the year in a cultivation building that is air-conditioned for large-scale business use. However, such an industrial air-conditioning apparatus is large-scale. In addition, since it is expensive, it could not be used for household or small-scale enterprises for cultivating straw from the viewpoint of space or product price. In addition, such large-scale shiitake farmers are often remote from the consumption areas where individuals or small shop owners are located. Further, in the apparatus of Patent Document 1, heating can be performed with a heating lamp, but it was impossible to cool when the temperature became 30 ° C. or higher in summer or the like. Therefore, the individual or small-scale store owner, etc. cannot cultivate shiitake mushrooms all year round using an air conditioner, and can use or sell the cultivated shiitake mushrooms, etc. in a fresh state immediately after harvesting. There wasn't.

  In addition, small-scale paddy cultivation equipment for individuals or small businesses uses hodder trees, and equipment using fungus bed blocks or cultivation containers that facilitate installation, replacement, etc., irrigation and harvesting, etc. Is not proposed for conventional household use or small-scale cultivation for individuals or the like.

  Moreover, since the hodder tree or fungus bed block or cultivation container for cultivating moss has limited nutrients, there is a limit (life) in the period during which cultivation and harvesting are possible. However, in shiitake cultivation in general individuals and homes, it is difficult to obtain a substitute fungus bed block or the like at a necessary time for a fungus bed block or the like that has reached the end of its life. In particular, when dozens of pieces are needed to obtain a constant yield, it is difficult to obtain the necessary number of fungal bed blocks, etc., and the replacement time is often unknown. Therefore, even when placing an order, it was impossible to know the ordering party and ordering date.

  Moreover, even if the necessary number of fungal bed blocks and the like could be exchanged, the disposal method of the old fungus bed blocks and the like was unknown. In other words, the user of the paddy cultivation device manages the replacement time of the fungus bed block, etc., orders the fungus bed block that is relatively heavy, etc. It was difficult to dispose of. If the fungus bed block or the like that has reached the end of its life is left as it is, the number of pods harvested gradually decreases and eventually cannot be harvested, and there is a possibility that the cocoon cultivation apparatus becomes a useless long product.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a small-scale cocoon cultivating apparatus and method for cultivating small-scale moss for individuals or small-scale businesses. The purpose. It is a second object of the present invention to provide a small-scale cocoon cultivating apparatus for home-grown or personal use that can be cultivated all year round using a fungus bed block or a cultivation container, and a cultivation method therefor.

In order to solve the above problems, in the straw cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, the circular top surface plate and bottom surface plate, and the respective arc portions facing each other in each circle of the top surface plate and bottom surface plate are connected up and down. The upper and lower circular plates are connected to each other at least the remaining arc portions of the circular portions of the top plate and the bottom plate, and opened and closed by sliding along the arc portions. A movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion, a circular shape formed with a smaller diameter than the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion and the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion, or a shape that fits inside the circle, and the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion and the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion A cultivation shelf disposed inside the split cylindrical portion and a shaft support portion that connects the center portions of the top plate and the bottom plate and rotatably supports the center portion of the cultivation shelf.
In this embodiment, the cultivation shelf is formed into a rotatable circle having a smaller diameter than the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion and the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion or a shape that fits inside the circle (for example, a polygonal shape, etc.) Since the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion that can be opened and closed is provided, it is possible to provide a small-scale cocoon cultivation device that is easy to harvest and supply water.

Preferably, the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion may be formed so as to be able to form a cylindrical shape that connects the entire circumferences of the top surface plate and the bottom surface plate facing each other by combining with the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion. Good.
According to this aspect, since the ventilation amount between the inside of the straw cultivation apparatus and the outside can be limited within a predetermined limit by forming a cylindrical shape that connects the entire circumferences of the circular top face plate and the bottom face plate facing each other, the inside of the straw cultivation apparatus Temperature and humidity can be controlled.

Preferably, the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion may have a shutter structure configured by connecting a plurality of flat plates having a short lateral dimension in a lateral direction by connecting an upper surface plate and a bottom surface plate.
According to this aspect, the shutter structure can be formed by combining miniaturized planar members and the weight can be dispersed, so that the manufacturing can be facilitated and the handling can be facilitated.

Preferably, the cultivation shelf may be provided with a plurality of steps at a predetermined interval or more in the shaft support portion.
According to this aspect, by making the cultivation shelf into a plurality of stages, it is possible to increase the number of moss that can be cultivated in one cocoon cultivation device.

Preferably, the movable vertically divided cylindrical part may have a window part made of a transparent material in an upper part of a peripheral part of each cultivation shelf.
According to this aspect, since the growth state can be visually confirmed from the window, irrigation and temperature control can be performed only when necessary.

Preferably, a roof that covers the upper surface plate may be provided on the circular upper surface plate.
According to this aspect, the rapid temperature change in the straw cultivation apparatus can be reduced by providing the roof.

Preferably, a heat insulating material may be added to the inside of the roof and the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion.
According to this aspect, the temperature change with respect to the external air in the straw cultivation apparatus can be relieved by adding a heat insulating material.

Preferably, the straw cultivation apparatus may have an air conditioner inside or outside thereof.
According to this aspect, since it has an air conditioner, moss can be harvested even in summer and winter that cannot be harvested by natural cultivation.

Preferably, the straw cultivation apparatus may have a heating lamp inside.
According to this aspect, since it has an exothermic lamp, moss can be harvested even in winter when it cannot be harvested by natural cultivation.

Preferably, the straw cultivation apparatus has a temperature detection device therein, and the air conditioner or the heating lamp is switched on and off and / or the amount of heat supplied is adjusted according to the detection result. Good.
According to this aspect, since the air conditioner or the heating lamp is switched on and off and / or the amount of heat to be supplied is adjusted based on the detection result of the temperature detection device, the temperature in the straw cultivation device can be automatically adjusted. it can.

Preferably, the straw cultivation apparatus may have an irrigation apparatus inside.
According to this aspect, for example, it is possible to irrigate the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion of the straw cultivation device in a closed state by providing an irrigation device at the top of each internal shelf, supplying water from the outside and irrigating through the shaft support portion. Therefore, water can be irrigated without frequently giving to the cultivated straw the rapid temperature and humidity changes caused by the opening and closing of the movable vertically split cylindrical portion.

Preferably, the straw cultivation apparatus has a humidity detection device therein, and the irrigation device may be switched on and off and / or the amount of water to be supplied is adjusted based on the detection result.
According to this aspect, since the irrigation device is switched on and off and / or the amount of water to be supplied is adjusted based on the detection result of the humidity detection device, the humidity in the straw cultivation device can be automatically adjusted.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the cultivation method of the straw cultivation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the supplier of the straw cultivation apparatus sells the above-described straw cultivation apparatus in a rental contract form, and the supply The time is counted for half a year from the day when the person sells each cultivation device, and the supplier replaces the fungus bed block or cultivation container placed in the inside every six months.
In this embodiment, the user of the paddy cultivation apparatus can manage the replacement time of the fungus bed block or the like, and can eliminate the trouble of replacing the bed block etc. by himself, facilitating the maintenance of the paddy cultivation apparatus. be able to.

  According to the present invention, it is easy to harvest and supply water, and it is possible to provide a small-scale cocoon cultivation apparatus for individuals or small businesses.

It is a perspective view which shows the state which the movable vertical split cylinder part of the straw cultivation apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention opened. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the movable vertically divided cylindrical part of the straw cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 closed. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of arrange | positioning a fungal bed block in each cultivation shelf of the straw cultivation apparatus of FIG. (A) is a cross-sectional view at the time of arrange | positioning a fungus bed block in the cultivation shelf 50 of the straw cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1, (b) is a perspective view of a fungus bed block. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of arrange | positioning a fungus bed block in each cultivation shelf in the state which the movable vertically divided cylindrical part of the straw cultivation apparatus of 2nd Embodiment of this invention opened.

<First Embodiment>
The straw cultivation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a roughly cylindrical main body, a dome-shaped roof 12 on the main body, and casters 32 at the lower part of the main body. Yes. A circular top plate 10 is disposed at the top of the main body, a circular bottom plate 30 is disposed at the bottom, and the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 30 are disposed in parallel and vertically opposite positions. . The circular arc part 11a which is a part of the top plate 10 in a circle and the circular arc part 31a which is a part of the bottom plate 30 in a circle are in a facing positional relationship. The fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20 is formed by connecting the arc portion 11a and the arc portion 31a up and down. The shape is a partial shape obtained by vertically dividing the cylindrical shape.

  The movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion 15 is formed by vertically connecting at least the remaining arc portion 11b of the arc portion 11a in the circular shape of the top plate 10 and at least the remaining arc portion 31b of each arc portion 31a in the circular shape of the bottom plate 30. Is done. Further, the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 is formed with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20 so that the outer side of the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20 can slide along the arc portion 11a and the arc portion 31a. Is done. Thereby, the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 can open and close the opening side of the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20. The arc portion 11a, the arc portion 31a, and the arc portions 11b and 31b are provided with rails for sliding the movable vertically dividing cylindrical portion 15 along the arc.

  Further, the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion 15 is formed so as to be able to form a cylindrical shape that connects the entire circumferences of the upper surface plate 10 and the bottom surface plate 30 facing each other when combined with the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion 20. In addition, the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 of the present embodiment has a shutter structure, and is configured by connecting a top plate 10 and a bottom plate 30 and connecting a plurality of flat plates having short lateral dimensions in the horizontal direction. In addition, the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 may have a shape of one or two doors such as a structure in which a side wall of a drum can is cut vertically. The movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion 15 and the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion 20 are provided with a lock mechanism (not shown) such as a latch that can be connected to each other in the open position and the closed position when the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion 15 is opened and closed as a door. You may prepare.

  For example, when the movable vertically split cylindrical portion 15 is formed as a single door having a large curved surface, there is a problem that it is difficult to manufacture the curved surface, and it is difficult to handle it during manufacture or installation because it is a heavy object. On the other hand, when the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 has a shutter structure, the horizontal dimension of each planar member (planar plate) constituting the shutter is a plurality of arcs with respect to the dimensions of the arc portions 11b and 31b. The length is shortened to be substantially equal to the divided size. Since it can be formed by combining the downsized flat plates, the weight can be dispersed at the time of manufacture and installation, so that handling is also easy.

  By being able to form a cylindrical shape that connects the entire circumference of the circular top plate 10 and bottom plate 30 facing each other, the amount of ventilation (intake and exhaust) between the inside and outside of the straw cultivation device 1 can be limited within a predetermined limit. Control of the temperature and humidity in the straw cultivation apparatus 1 becomes possible. In addition, the predetermined limit of the ventilation amount in transliteration and carrying is the gap portion between the cylindrical portion and the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 30, the gap portion between the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 and the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20, and This is the maximum ventilation amount due to the gap when the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 has a shutter structure. If you want to reduce the ventilation volume, for example, you may reduce it by adding elastic packing etc. to those gaps, and if you want to increase the ventilation volume, for example, widen those gaps or separately You may provide an opening part in.

  The top plate 10, the bottom plate 30, the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20, the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15, etc. are formed of, for example, a thin plate steel plate having a sufficient strength thickness dimension, and rust-proof on the surface as necessary. Treatment, plating, painting, vapor deposition or the like may be performed. Alternatively, they may be formed using part or all of a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) or the like.

  The movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 has a window portion 18 formed of a transparent material in an upper portion of the peripheral portion of each cultivation shelf 50-80. By providing this window part 18, even if the movable vertically divided cylindrical part 15 is in a closed state, the growth status of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 can be visually confirmed from the window part 18. Therefore, it is possible to confirm without suddenly changing the temperature and humidity changes due to the opening and closing of the movable vertically dividing cylindrical portion 15 to the cultivated straw. From the result of visual confirmation of the confirmed growth state, irrigation and temperature can be performed only when necessary. Control can be implemented.

  Since the window part 18 should just be able to confirm the growth condition of each cultivation shelf 50-80 visually, at least one each cultivation shelf 50-80 should just be in the position which can be visually observed, and a some shelf is seen. It may be formed so that it is vertically long and straddles the top and bottom of the shelf. In addition, by adjusting the size of the window portion 18, it is possible to supply an amount of solar radiation equivalent to a shade suitable for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms and the like. The window 18 may be formed of, for example, a polycarbonate resin or an acrylic resin that is transparent to visible light or good in visible light transmission.

  In the cylindrical shape combined with the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion 15 and the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion 20, the cultivation shelves 50, 60, 70, and 80 have a plurality of steps at a predetermined interval or more with respect to the shaft support portion 40. It is provided to become. By making the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 into a plurality of stages, it is possible to increase the number of grapes that can be cultivated in one straw cultivation apparatus 1. For example, when the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 are arranged in three to four stages, ten fungal bed blocks 100 or cultivation containers can be arranged in one stage, so that 4 to 5 shiitake mushrooms can be harvested every day. Note that the predetermined interval or more is, for example, a work in which a user's hand or a watering pot or the like at the time of water supply or harvesting enters the height L3 of a hodder tree or fungus bed block 100 or cultivation container for cultivation of moss The intervals L4 to L7 are added with a space for use.

  Since the cultivation shelves 60, 70, and 80 each have the same shape as the cultivation shelf 50, only the cultivation shelf 50 will be described below. The cultivation shelf 50 is formed with a smaller diameter than the circle formed by the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion 20 and the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion 15, and the range in which the fingertips of the arm on which the user works reaches to the vicinity of the shaft support portion 40. It is formed in a circular shape having a radius (for example, less than 1 m) or a shape (for example, a polygonal shape or the like) that fits inside the circular shape, and is pivotally supported by the pivotal support portion 40. However, the shape of the cultivation shelf 50 is not limited to a circle, and may be any shape that fits inside the circle, and may be a polygon such as a square or a hexagon. Moreover, the cultivation shelf 50 is arrange | positioned inside the cylindrical shape formed combining the fixed vertically divided cylindrical part 20 and the movable vertically divided cylindrical part 15. FIG.

  The structure that pivotally supports the cultivation shelf 50 to the pivotal support 40 is provided with, for example, a protrusion (not shown) that can support the bottom side of the cultivation shelf 50 on the side surface from the pivotal support 40, and the cultivation shelf 50. A round hole (not shown) having a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft support portion 40 is provided in the center, and the periphery of the round hole of the cultivation shelf 50 is a protruding portion by passing the shaft support portion 40 through the round hole of the cultivation shelf 50. The cultivation shelf 50 may be configured to be able to rotate around the pivotal support portion 40 by sliding on. Or you may make it provide a bearing around the axial support part 40, and support the cultivation shelf 50 so that rotation is possible.

  Since the diameter of the cultivation shelf 50 may be less than 1 m as described above, for example, the diameter may be 1 m. Moreover, when installing the straw cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment in a veranda etc., the diameter of the cultivation shelf 50 shall be 80 cm etc., for example, and most verandas have the width | variety of the protrusion direction of 80 cm or more from a wall surface. Therefore, installation becomes possible.

  The shaft support part 40 linearly connects the center part of the top plate 10 and the center part of the bottom plate 30 and supports the center parts of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 in a rotatable manner. If the support strength of each cultivation shelf 50-80, the upper surface board 10, etc. is obtained, the inside may be a hollow. Each support part connected to each center part of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 is supported by the shaft support part 40 so as to be individually rotatable. In addition, as for the pivotal support part 40, instead of supporting each cultivation shelf 50-80 individually so that rotation is possible, the support part connected with the center part of the cultivation shelves 50-80 is fixed, and the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 30 The connecting portion may be rotatable. The shaft support portion 40 is formed with dimensions that can support the weight of each of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80, the top plate 10, and the like, and as the material, for example, iron, stainless steel, aluminum, FRP, or the like can be used.

  A roof 12 is provided on the circular top plate 10 so as to cover the top plate 10. By providing the roof 12, a buffer layer for the temperature of the outside air can be provided between the top plate 10 and the temperature of the top plate 10 due to direct sunlight can be prevented. Thereby, the rapid temperature change in the straw cultivation apparatus 1 can be relieved. The shape of the roof 12 is not limited to the illustrated dome shape or conical shape as long as a buffer layer can be provided. For example, the roof 12 may have any shape used for the roof of a house such as a flat plate, a gable, or a single flow, or a building. Shapes can be used. Further, when it is difficult to form the roof 12 with a metal material such as a thin steel plate when the roof 12 is formed in a dome shape, for example, the roof 12 may be formed of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) or the like.

  Further, a heat insulating material (not shown) may be added to the inside of the roof 12 and the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20 or to the outside of the top plate 10 and the bottom plate 30. By adding this heat insulating material, the temperature change with respect to the external air in the straw cultivation apparatus 1 can be relieved. In particular, if the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion 20 to which the heat insulating material is added is directed in a direction in which the amount of direct solar radiation such as southward increases, the direct sunlight can be received on the surface to which the heat insulating material is added. In that case, the temperature rise by direct sunlight can be further suppressed.

  Moreover, when a heat insulating material is added, when the air conditioner 200 or the like or the heating lamp 47 is installed as in the second embodiment to be described later, the electricity bill can be saved, and a fossil fuel such as oil or gas is used. Therefore, the amount of use can be suppressed even when heating. In addition, as a heat insulating material, the foamed polystyrene used for delivery of foodstuffs and fishery products, and various heat insulating materials for houses can be used, for example. The heat insulating material can be fixed, for example, by adhering it to the inside of the roof 12 and the fixed vertical cylindrical portion 20 with an adhesive or the like, or fixing it with scissors or screws, or sandwiching the heat insulating material between a metal panel or a resin panel. A sandwich structure may be used. Further, from the viewpoint of improving heat insulation, the movable vertically split cylindrical portion 15 may also be made of a polymer resin such as ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, or engineer plastic having a lower thermal conductivity than metal, or inside and outside. A double structure in which a space with low thermal conductivity is provided between the two structures may be used, or the interval between the double structures may be further widened.

  As the caster 32, for example, a caster having wheels that are used in a lower part of a carriage, furniture, or the like and easily change in direction for facilitating forward / backward / left / right movement can be used. Moreover, what has the stopper function which suppresses rotation of a wheel at the time of fixation of the straw cultivation apparatus 1 is desirable. Further, instead of the casters 32, three or more general feet (not shown) may be provided.

  The fungus bed block 100 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a vertical L1 = 120 mm, a horizontal L2 = 200 mm, and a height L3 = 150 mm. Accordingly, the distances L4 to L7 may be, for example, dimensions of 240 mm or more. For example, 10 bacterial bed blocks 100 can be arranged on the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 having a diameter of 800 mm by arranging them as shown in FIG. Further, around the cultivation shelves 50 to 80, a frame holder that slightly protrudes upward may be provided so that the fungus bed block 100 is prevented from falling and the irrigation does not fall immediately but accumulates a little.

  In addition, as described above, the fungus bed block 100 or the like has a lifetime, and for example, when 40 or the like are required for each of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 as in the present embodiment, it is general. It has been difficult for an individual or a user of the cocoon cultivation apparatus 1 at home to obtain the necessary number of the fungal bed blocks 100 or the like in the necessary number at the necessary time. Moreover, it is unclear for the user of the paddy cultivation apparatus 1 to manage the replacement time of the fungus bed block 100 or the like, how to replace the fungus bed block 100 or the like, and how to dispose of the old fungus bed block 100 or the like. It is not easy to handle the fungus bed block 100 or the like, and it is not easy to maintain the straw cultivation apparatus 1.

  In order to maintain the straw cultivation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, as a cultivation method, for example, it is preferable to replace the fungus bed block 100 and the like in a cycle once every six months. For this purpose, for example, the supplier of the paddy cultivation apparatus 1 sells the paddy cultivation apparatus 1 in a rental contract format instead of being sold out, and the supplier side of the paddy cultivation apparatus 1 measures the replacement time every six months from the sales time. If the fungus bed block 100 and the like are exchanged once every six months, the user of the persimmon cultivation device 1 can manage the replacement time of the fungus bed block 100 or the like, The trouble of exchanging 100 or the like by itself can be eliminated, and maintenance of the straw cultivation apparatus 1 can be facilitated.

  In this embodiment, by configuring as described above, it is possible to provide a small-scale cocoon cultivation device 1 that is easy to harvest and supply water. More specifically, in this embodiment, since the ventilation amount can be limited, the temperature and humidity can be controlled, and the amount of solar radiation can be controlled by the size of the window 18. Since the split cylindrical portion 15 is opened to obtain a wide opening, and the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 can be rotated, the user can not only attach to the surface of each hoda tree or fungus bed block 100 or cultivation container, but also on the back surface. Even water can be supplied easily. In addition, irrigation and temperature control can be performed only when necessary from the visual result of the window 18, and it is possible to reduce the frequent application to the cultivated grapes of rapid temperature and humidity changes due to the opening and closing of the movable vertically split cylindrical portion 15. .

Second Embodiment
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the straw cultivation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. In the straw cultivation apparatus 1 of 2nd Embodiment, the following differences are mainly with the straw cultivation apparatus 1 of 1st Embodiment. Hereinafter, the above-described differences will be described, and redundant description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be omitted.

  The straw cultivation apparatus 1 of 2nd Embodiment has the air conditioner 200 on the bottom face board 30, and is connected to the external power supply (not shown) by the electric wire 210. FIG. Although the figure shows the case where the air conditioner 200 is provided on the bottom plate 30 inside the straw cultivation device 1, it is also provided between the roof 12 on the top plate 30 inside the straw cultivation device 1. Or a window cooler or the like that is externally attached to the side of the opening of the window, such as a portion that does not obstruct the opening and closing of the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 in the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion 20, You may install in the opening-closing part etc. with the movable vertically-divided cylindrical part 15. As the air conditioner 200, a heat exchanger for a home or business use or a car cooler or an air conditioner (air conditioner), or a cooling device for a refrigerator can be used.

  Since the space capacity in the straw cultivation apparatus 1 is relatively small, it is desirable to use a small-sized, low-power, low-power cooler for home use or car use. When a car device is connected to a commercial power supply for home use or business use, a commercial power source voltage and AC / DC are converted to a voltage and current / Convert to voltage format.

  When the air conditioner 200 such as an electrically driven cooler is installed on the bottom plate 30, for example, the bottom plate 30 is connected to an external power source by an electric wire 210, and waste heat is slightly lifted from the ground by casters, feet or the like. What is necessary is just to comprise so that it may discharge | release from the lower part. When the air conditioner 200 such as an electrically driven cooler is installed on the bottom plate 30, the air conditioner 200 may be housed in a container isolated from the high humidity environment in the straw cultivation apparatus 1.

  The air whose temperature is adjusted by the air conditioner 200 may be released by using a fan such as a home or car air conditioner, a refrigerator, or a ventilation fan. The temperature-controlled air outlet may be provided on the upper surface or side surface of the container of the air conditioner 200. However, there is a possibility that water for entering a high-humidity environment may enter, and the device is immersed in water. Since this is not preferable in terms of driving, air may be passed through the shaft support portion 40 and discharged from a discharge hole 41 provided in the shaft support portion 40 or a discharge hole (not shown) provided in the upper surface plate 10.

  When installing the air conditioner 200 between the roof 12 and the upper surface plate 10, for example, the wiring connected to the external power supply by the electric wire 210 is connected to the air conditioner 200 through the shaft support portion 40, and the waste heat is What is necessary is just to comprise so that it may discharge | release outside from the clearance gap between the roof 12 and the upper surface board 10. FIG. The temperature-controlled air discharge port may be discharged from a discharge hole (not shown) provided in the top plate 10.

  The air conditioner 200 is not limited to the above example, and may be provided as an external attachment at an arbitrary position inside the straw cultivation apparatus 1 or outside the straw cultivation apparatus 1. By providing this air conditioner 200, the temperature of the air conditioner 200 is adjusted even in the summer (and winter: when a heating function is provided) at a temperature that is not suitable for grape cultivation in normal natural cultivation and is not expected to be harvested. By doing it, it can be set to the temperature suitable for straw cultivation, and can be harvested.

  (2) The straw cultivation apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment has a heating lamp 47 on the lower surface side of the upper surface plate 10 and is connected to an external power source (not shown) by an electric wire 210. Although the figure shows the case where the exothermic lamp 47 is provided on the lower surface side of the upper surface plate 10 inside the straw cultivation apparatus 1, it is also provided on the lower surface side of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 inside the straw cultivation apparatus 1. Also good. Further, in the present embodiment, the heating lamp 47 is used as having both a function as a heating element that raises the temperature inside the straw cultivation apparatus 1 and a lighting function such as nighttime. In addition, a heating element such as a heater and a fluorescent lamp or LED illumination with a small amount of heat generation may be provided individually. Further, when the heating lamp 47 is used as a heat source, it may be used in combination with the heating function of the air conditioner 200, or may be used alone without using the heating function of the air conditioner 200. In addition, when the air conditioner 200 is a cooler, there is no heating function, and thus heating is performed only with the heating lamp 47.

  The exothermic lamp 47 may be provided, for example, on the upper surface plate 10 or the lower part of each of the cultivation shelves 50-80 through a wire in the shaft support 40 while being connected to an external power source (not shown) by the electric wire 210. By providing this exothermic lamp 47, it is possible to raise the temperature so as to be suitable for cultivation even in winter when it cannot be harvested by natural cultivation, and it is possible to harvest moss. Furthermore, by providing the heating lamp 47, it is possible to illuminate the shadow area inside by lighting, and to facilitate the visual observation of the irrigation situation when performing irrigation work at night, etc. it can.

  (3) The straw cultivation apparatus 1 of the second embodiment has a temperature detection device 91 such as a temperature sensor inside the straw cultivation apparatus 1 and is turned on with respect to the air conditioner 200 or the heating lamp 47 depending on the detection result. And / or switching off and / or adjusting the amount of heat supplied. For example, when the temperature detection accuracy may be loose, such as when the cultivation conditions of the grapes to be cultivated are tolerant of temperature, the installation position and the number of installations of the temperature detection device 91 may be as shown in FIG. Since it is not necessary to provide in both the upper part and the lower part, only one piece may be provided at any position in the straw cultivation apparatus 1. On the contrary, when the cultivation conditions of the grapes to be cultivated are severe with respect to the temperature, the number may be increased so as to be as close to each fungus bed block 100 as possible for each cultivation shelf 50 to 80 shelves. . The detection signal line of the temperature detection device 91 is connected to the air conditioner 200 or the heating lamp 47 through the wiring through the shaft support 40. A control unit (not shown) for switching on and off and / or adjusting the amount of heat to be supplied may be provided inside the temperature detection device 91, or separately on the air conditioner 200 or the heating lamp 47 side. It may be provided.

  By providing the temperature detection device 91 in this manner, the air conditioner 200 or the heating lamp 47 can be switched on / off and / or the amount of heat to be supplied can be adjusted according to the detection result of the temperature detection device 91. The temperature in the straw cultivation apparatus 1 can be automatically adjusted to a certain range suitable for straw cultivation.

  (4) The straw cultivation apparatus 1 of 2nd Embodiment has the irrigation apparatus 43 in the inside. The irrigation device 43 has, for example, a tube shape with the final end closed and a plurality of small holes for irrigation in the middle. The irrigation device 43 is an upper portion of each cultivation shelf 50 to 80, and further includes each fungus bed block. 100 is provided so as to be an upper part of 100. Further, the irrigation device 43 is connected to a water absorption pipe 310 connected to an external public water supply or the like via a pipe in the shaft support section 40. The shape of the irrigation device 43 does not have to be in the illustrated form, and any form may be used as long as a small-diameter water droplet or mist can be supplied to the microbial bed block 100.

  The irrigation device 43 supplies water from the outside and irrigates through the piping in the pivotal support unit 40, thereby irrigating each fungus bed block 100 even when the movable vertically divided cylindrical portion 15 of the straw cultivation device 1 is closed. can do. Therefore, by providing the irrigation device 43, the movable vertically split cylindrical portion 15 is opened and closed for irrigation, and rapid changes in temperature and humidity unfavorable for straw cultivation are frequently cultivated every time water is supplied. Irrigation can be performed without giving to the cocoon.

  (5) The straw cultivation apparatus 1 of the second embodiment has a humidity detection device 92 such as a humidity sensor inside thereof, and depending on the detection result, the irrigation device 43 is switched between irrigation on and off, and / Or adjust the amount of water to be supplied. The installation position and the number of installations of the humidity detection device 92 are, for example, when the humidity detection accuracy may be loose, such as when the cultivation conditions of the grapes to be cultivated are tolerant to humidity, as shown in FIG. Since it is not necessary to provide in both the upper part and the lower part, only one piece may be provided at any position in the straw cultivation apparatus 1. On the contrary, when the cultivation conditions of the grapes to be cultivated are severe with respect to humidity, the number of the cultivation shelves 50 to 80 shelves may be increased so as to be as close to each fungus bed block 100 as possible. . The detection signal line of the humidity detection device 92 is connected to a control device (not shown) of the irrigation device 43 through the wiring through the shaft support 40. The controller that switches on and off the irrigation and / or adjusts the amount of water to be supplied may be provided inside the humidity detection device 92 or may be provided separately on the irrigation device 43 side.

  By providing the humidity detection device 92 in this way, it is possible to switch on and off the irrigation by the irrigation device 43 and / or adjust the amount of water to be supplied based on the detection result of the humidity detection device 92. Therefore, this makes it possible to automatically adjust the humidity in the straw cultivation apparatus 1 to a certain range suitable for straw cultivation.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be added to the above-described embodiment. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

1 straw cultivation equipment,
11a, 11b, 31a, 31b arc portions,
12 roof,
15 Movable vertically split cylindrical part,
18 windows,
20 fixed vertically split cylinder,
30 Bottom plate,
32 casters,
40 shaft support,
41 discharge hole,
43 irrigation equipment,
47 Fever lamp,
50, 60, 70, 80 cultivation shelf,
91 temperature detector,
92 Humidity detection device,
100 fungus bed block,
200 air conditioner,
210 electric wire,
310 Water absorption pipe.

Claims (13)

Circular top and bottom plates;
A fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion formed by connecting up and down each arc portion facing each other in each circle of the top plate and the bottom plate;
A movable vertically-divided cylindrical part that can be opened and closed by sliding along each arc part and connecting at least the remaining arc part of each arc part in each circle of the top plate and bottom plate,
Cultivation arranged inside the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion and the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion in a circular shape formed with a smaller diameter than the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion and the movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion or a shape that fits inside the circular shape Shelves,
A koji cultivation apparatus comprising: a shaft support portion that connects the center portions of the top plate and the bottom plate and rotatably supports the center portion of the cultivation shelf. The movable vertically-divided cylindrical portion is formed so as to be able to form a cylindrical shape that connects the entire circumferences of the top plate and the bottom plate that are opposed to each other by combining with the fixed vertically-divided cylindrical portion. The straw cultivation apparatus of 1. The movable vertically divided cylindrical part is a shutter structure configured by connecting a top plate and a bottom plate and connecting a plurality of flat plates having short lateral dimensions in the horizontal direction. The straw cultivation apparatus as described in. The straw cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cultivation shelf is provided with a plurality of steps at a predetermined interval or more in the shaft support portion. The said movable vertically divided cylindrical part has the window part formed of the transparent material in the upper part of the surrounding part of each said cultivation shelf. The cocoon of any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Cultivation equipment. The roof which covers the said upper surface board is provided on the said circular upper surface board. The straw cultivation apparatus of any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The straw cultivation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a heat insulating material is added to the inside of the roof and the fixed vertically divided cylindrical portion. The straw cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the straw cultivation apparatus includes an air conditioner provided inside or externally. The straw cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the straw cultivation apparatus has a heating lamp inside. The said vine cultivation apparatus has a temperature detection apparatus inside, and performs the adjustment of the amount of heat which switches on and off and / or supplies the said air conditioning apparatus or the said exothermic lamp by the said detection result. The straw cultivation apparatus of 8 or 9. The straw cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the straw cultivation apparatus has a irrigation device therein. The cocoon cultivation device has a humidity detection device therein, and switches the irrigation device between on and off and / or adjusts the amount of water to be supplied according to the detection result. Cultivation equipment. The straw cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a supplier of the straw cultivation apparatus sells it in a rental contract format, and measures half a year from the date when the supplier sells each cultivation apparatus. The cultivation method of the straw cultivation apparatus characterized by exchanging the fungus bed block or cultivation container which the supplier arranges inside every six months.

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