JP2011032231A - Controlling agent for slug and/or snail - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agent free from environmental pollution problems, having extremely low toxicity to human and pets and exhibiting excellent controlling effect on slug and snail. <P>SOLUTION: The controlling agent includes caffeine, and sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate or sodium citrate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pest control agent. The present invention also relates to a method for controlling pests.

  Slugs and mussels are known to be active when wet or at night, eating vegetables, fruits and flowers, and damaging crops and horticultural products.

  Various drugs are commercially available as slug and maimai control agents. Bishydroxyethyldodecylamine agent (trade name: Nameme sheet (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)), metaaldehyde agent (trade name: Nametox, Mykiller (manufactured by Sankei Chemical Co., Ltd.)), metaaldehyde mixture agent (trade name: Green bait (Takeda Horticultural Co., Ltd.), iron phosphate agent (trade name: Sankyo slug extermination (Sankyo greening) Co., Ltd.), sludge killing and repellent copper agent (trade name: Sanyoru (Yonezawa Chemical Co., Ltd.)) ) Is commercially available as an agrochemical.

  In addition, in accordance with the voluntary standards of the Living Pest Control Council, a metaaldehyde agent (product name: slug extermination agent (Daisang Sangyo Co., Ltd.)) and a metaaldehyde mixture agent (product name: slug extermination (King) Chemical Co., Ltd.), etofenprox, terpenoid (product name: Namekuji Dry (Earth Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)) and oil glaze (product name: slug escape (Yoshiwara Oil Co., Ltd.)) Is commercially available.

  Furthermore, there is a known method for controlling slugs using daily commodities. For example, a copper plate with a width of 40 mm or more is wrapped around the trunk of a fruit tree, and a method of avoiding slugs and maimai with copper ions or beer is added. There are also known methods of inducing slugs in containers and drowning slugs that have entered the container.

The following are problems with existing drugs.
1. Since existing drugs are generally highly toxic, there are concerns about adverse effects on the environment and the human body. In particular, the metaaldehyde agent is highly toxic and cannot be used for food crops, and the salmon oil agent is very toxic to fish and cannot be used near rivers. There has also been an accident in which pets accidentally eat granules that are formulated with rice bran or bran.
2. Iron phosphate is excellent in safety and long-lasting effects, but it tends to grow mold, and when it grows, slugs can't be eaten and the effect is drastically reduced.
3. The copper agent is oxidized on the surface, so that the release of copper ions is reduced, and the repellent effect is drastically reduced.
4). Granules containing an attractant such as rice bran or bran generate a large amount of mold when they contain moisture, and may cause damage such as gray mold disease to flowers.

  In addition, many of the existing control agents attract slugs and maimai due to the effect of the attractant, and many of them exert their control effect by feeding slugs and maimai with the control agent, and control the slugs in front of you. It cannot be said that this is an immediate method. On the other hand, although a methaldehyde agent is marketed as a liquid spray agent that has an immediate effect (trade name: Mykiller), it is highly toxic to humans and pets, and since it is a white liquid, There is a problem that impairs the appearance.

  Although development of a water-soluble control agent that can solve these problems is desired, a water-soluble control agent that is highly safe and highly effective has not been put to practical use.

  It has been reported that caffeine acts as a neurotoxin on slugs and mussels (snail) and reduces crop damage (Non-Patent Document 1). However, a control agent containing caffeine as an active ingredient has not yet been put into practical use.

  It is known that caffeine is hardly soluble in water, has a solubility in water of about 2.1 g / 100 g at 20 ° C., and is likely to precipitate and precipitate at a low temperature. In addition, sodium benzoate is known as an aid for increasing the solubility of caffeine (eg, Japanese Pharmacopoeia: Ankana 20%, etc.). Sodium benzoate is also known as a preservative, rust inhibitor, and food additive.

Nature 2002 Jun 27; 417 (6892): 915-916

  The problem of the present invention is that there is no fear of environmental pollution, the toxicity to humans and pets is extremely low, the landscape is not damaged even when sprayed on plants, and the solution is preserved in a solution state, which is excellent in controlling effects on slugs and mussels It is to provide a highly stable drug. Moreover, the subject of this invention is providing the method of controlling slugs and maimai using the said chemical | medical agent.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that an aqueous solution containing caffeine, which is a component contained in foods, and sodium salts of certain organic acids that are widely used as additives for foods and cosmetics. However, it has been found that it has an excellent control effect on slugs and mussels and has high storage stability in a solution state.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1]
A slug and / or Maimai control agent comprising at least caffeine and at least one organic acid sodium salt selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium citrate.
[2]
The control agent according to [1], wherein the organic acid sodium is sodium benzoate.
[3]
The control agent according to [2], comprising the caffeine and the sodium benzoate in the form of sodium benzoate caffeine.
[4]
Furthermore, the control agent in any one of [1]-[3] containing a spreading agent.
[5]
The control agent according to [4], wherein the spreading agent is polyvinyl alcohol and / or glycerin.
[6]
The control agent according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the control agent is an aqueous solution.
[7]
A method for controlling slugs and / or maimai, comprising causing the control agent according to [6] to act on slugs and / or maimai.

Since the control agent of the present invention has increased caffeine solubility, there is no possibility of precipitation of caffeine, which is an active ingredient, and it is excellent in storage stability in a solution state. In addition, there is no risk of environmental pollution and the toxicity to humans and pets is extremely low, so it can be used safely. In addition, since the control agent of the present invention is a colorless aqueous solution, it is not colored even when sprayed on flowers and does not affect the appearance of horticultural products and the like. Further, the antiseptic effect of sodium salt of benzoic acid or salicylic acid can suppress the generation of mold from the damaged plant tissue part. That is, the control agent of this invention has the disease prevention effect with respect to a flower together with the control effect with respect to a slug and a Maimai.

1. The Control Agent of the Present Invention The control agent of the present invention contains at least caffeine and one or more organic acid sodium salts selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium citrate (trisodium citrate). . Commercially available caffeine can be used. As the organic acid sodium, sodium benzoate is preferably used. The organic acid sodium can use what is marketed.
Here, “control” is a concept that combines both the concept of killing slugs and maimai and avoiding them. “Repel” means not killing slugs and maimai, but keeping them away.

  The control agent of the present invention may contain caffeine and sodium benzoate in the form of sodium benzoate caffeine.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the form of the control agent of this invention, It is preferable that it is an aqueous solution or the dosage form used by melt | dissolving in water at the time of use, and it is more preferable that it is aqueous solution.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the caffeine density | concentration contained in the control agent of this invention, When the control agent of this invention is aqueous solution, it is preferable that it is 0.05-20 mass%, 0.1-15 mass % Is more preferable, 0.5 to 10% by mass is further preferable, and 1 to 10% by mass is particularly preferable.

  There is no particular limitation on the concentration of one or more organic acid sodium salts selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium citrate contained in the control agent of the present invention, but the control agent of the present invention is an aqueous solution. In the case, it is preferably 0.05 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, further preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, and 1 to 10% by mass. It is particularly preferred that

  Ratio of the total number of moles of one or more organic acid sodium selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium citrate to the number of moles of caffeine contained in the control agent of the present invention (sodium organic acid / Caffeine) is preferably 0.7 to 5, more preferably 0.8 to 3, further preferably 0.9 to 2, and particularly preferably 1 to 1.5. . By setting such a ratio, even if the control agent of the present invention is in the form of an aqueous solution, caffeine does not precipitate in an environment of 0 ° C. or higher, and a stable solution state can be maintained even in a low temperature environment in winter. .

  When the control agent of the present invention is an aqueous solution, dissolution of caffeine and one or more organic acid sodium salts selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium citrate can be performed by any method. it can. For example, by dissolving organic acid sodium such as sodium benzoate in warm water and gradually adding caffeine to the aqueous solution and dissolving it, caffeine at a predetermined concentration, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and citric acid are added. An aqueous solution containing one or more organic acid sodium salts selected from the group consisting of sodium acid can be obtained.

  The control agent of the present invention can further contain a spreading agent. By including the spreading agent, it is possible to impart viscosity to the aqueous solution of the control agent, which makes it difficult for caffeine attached to the slugs and mussels to flow down, and the effect of the control agent can be maintained. In addition, by adding a spreading agent, it becomes possible to spray the control agent of the present invention as a foamy aqueous solution, and the effects of the control agent of the present invention are more reliably exhibited by enveloping slugs and mimais with foam. It can also be made. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the spreading agent contained in the control agent of this invention, Surfactant, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), glycerol etc. can be used, and it is preferable that it is PVA and / or glycerol. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the density | concentration of the spreading agent in a control agent, When the control agent of this invention is aqueous solution, it is preferable that it is 0.1-10 mass%, and is 0.1-5 mass%. More preferably, it is more preferably 0.5 to 2% by mass. Addition of the spreading agent to the control agent may be performed by directly adding the spreading agent to the control agent, or preparing an aqueous solution of the spreading agent and adding this aqueous solution to the control agent. You may go on. When using PVA as a spreading agent, it is preferable to add PVA to the control agent by preparing an aqueous solution of PVA and adding this aqueous solution to the control agent. The aqueous solution of PVA can use what is marketed.

  Caffeine contained in the control agent of the present invention is a component contained in coffee, green tea, black tea, soft drinks and the like. Sodium benzoate and sodium citrate are used as food additives, and sodium salicylate, PVA, and glycerin are used as cosmetic additives. Therefore, the control agent of the present invention is a highly safe drug composed of components whose safety against living bodies has been confirmed.

2. Controlling method of the present invention By controlling the control agent of the present invention on slugs and mussels, slugs and maimais can be controlled.

  The control method of the present invention is to directly spray or apply the control agent of the present invention, which is an aqueous solution, to slugs and maimais, and to kill slugs and maimais in advance. Including losing.

  In addition, the control method of the present invention is a method in which a substance such as a granule in which the control agent of the present invention which is an aqueous solution is absorbed is installed in the vicinity of a slug or maimai habitat, and slugs or maimai are removed by diffusion of the control agent component. Including control. A substance such as a granule that has absorbed the control agent of the present invention, which is an aqueous solution, may be placed after drying.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these illustrations.

  The effect of the control agent of the present invention was examined using as an index the killing and repelling effects on the Japanese black slug, which is said to have the greatest number of inhabitants and the greatest damage in gardening. The component composition of the control agent of the present invention used in this example is shown in Table 1.

1. Tests with granules (1) Preparation of granules A A mixture of bran and rice bran is mixed so that the weight ratio is 1: 1, and a small amount of starch and water are added, and water is added to the kneaded granules to add 1 mm. Granulated to about ˜7 mm and dried. The solution of Example 2 was sufficiently impregnated therein and then dried.

(2) Preparation of granule B Dry montmorillonite, sepiolite, zeolite and charcoal were mixed in equal amounts (grain size of about 1 mm to 10 mm). The solution of Example 2 was sufficiently impregnated therein and then dried.

Place a filter paper wet with water on the bottom of a plastic container (length 8cm x width 11cm x height 5cm), cabbage 10g (raw weight) at the end of the container, and 1g of granules at the opposite end. A breeding test was conducted on two Japanese black slugs with a size of 3 cm or more.
As a comparative control, a test was also conducted with 1 g of a methaldehyde granule (trade name: slug pesticide: manufactured by Daiso Sangyo) (Comparative Example 1) on the end opposite to the cabbage.
Table 2 shows the results of investigating the number of surviving Japanese black slugs after 1 day and 5 days.

  In the test group using granules A and B, the state of slugs was observed after 5 days, and both of them survived by escaping into the cabbage core where the drug did not reach. That is, it was confirmed that the repellent effect of caffeine was superior to the attracting effect of bran and the like. In Comparative Example 1, one animal died after 1 day of breeding, but it took 6 days until the second animal died. In the untreated area, both of them were very appetizing and many insects were observed.

Subsequently, in the test area using granules A and B, the liquid agent of Example 2 was sprayed once per head on a total of 4 slugs that had escaped into the core of the cabbage and survived. The spray amount was 0.8 ml per time. The effect of the spray treatment appeared quickly, and after 1 hour from the treatment, the movement stopped and the worm body started to deform (atrophy), and the four animals died the next day.

2. Test by spray treatment A filter paper wetted with water was laid on the bottom of a plastic container (length 11 cm × width 14 cm × height 5 cm) and fed with 10 g of cabbage (fresh weight). In each test group, 5 Koura slugs with a worm body size of 3 cm or more were reared, and the liquid agents of Examples 1 to 4 were sprayed once on each slug. The spray amount was 0.8 ml per time.

  As a comparative control, a metaaldehyde granule (trade name: slug pesticide: manufactured by Daiso Sangyo) (Comparative Example 1) or a ferric phosphate granule (trade name: Sankyo slug extermination Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Registration No. 22002: A test was also conducted on 2 g of Sankyo Greening Co., Ltd. (Comparative Example 2) placed on the end opposite the cabbage.

  Table 3 shows the results of investigating the number of surviving Japanese black slugs after 1 day, 2 days, and 4 days.

  Compared to Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and the untreated test plot, excellent killing effect was observed in the test plots of Examples 1-4. In addition, even if 10% PVA aqueous solution or sodium benzoate 1% aqueous solution was sprayed on slugs, slugs did not die, so it was also confirmed that the active ingredient exhibiting killing effect was caffeine.

3. Field test (practical test)
Using the liquid preparation of Example 4, a field test was carried out on the Japanese black mullet that gathered on the garden wall of the house in Chuo-ku, Chiba City. In the experiment, as soon as it was found from 11:00 pm after the rain, I sprayed slugs once or twice. The spray amount was 0.8 ml per time. More than 30 slugs were sprayed and all died by the following day. The killing effect was 100%.

Claims (7)

  A slug and / or Maimai control agent comprising at least caffeine and at least one organic acid sodium salt selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium citrate.   The control agent according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid sodium is sodium benzoate.   The control agent according to claim 2, comprising the caffeine and the sodium benzoate in the form of sodium benzoate caffeine.   Furthermore, the control agent as described in any one of Claims 1-3 containing a spreading agent.   The control agent of Claim 4 whose said spreading agent is polyvinyl alcohol and / or glycerol.   The control agent as described in any one of Claims 1-5 whose said control agent is aqueous solution.   A method for controlling slugs and / or maimai, comprising causing the control agent according to claim 6 to act on slugs and / or maimai.