JP2011010623A - Related production system for fungus and plant - Google Patents

Related production system for fungus and plant Download PDF

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JP2011010623A
JP2011010623A JP2009159333A JP2009159333A JP2011010623A JP 2011010623 A JP2011010623 A JP 2011010623A JP 2009159333 A JP2009159333 A JP 2009159333A JP 2009159333 A JP2009159333 A JP 2009159333A JP 2011010623 A JP2011010623 A JP 2011010623A
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partition
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chamber
upper chamber
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JP5295887B2 (en
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Shigeto Inoue
繁人 井上
Keiko Miyagaki
慶子 宮垣
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a related production system for fungi and plants, cost-advantageously performing the production of fungi such as mushroom and the production of plants such as vegetables.SOLUTION: This related production system is such that a partition 2 divides into upper and lower chambers 3 and 4, a vegetable cultivating part 5 is installed in the lower chamber 4, a mushroom cultivating part 6 is installed in the upper chamber, the upper and lower chambers 3 and 4 are communicated with each other in the outside with a duct 7, and when driving a fan 8, an air circulating flow of sending air in the upper chamber 3 into the lower chamber 4 and sending air in the lower chamber 4 into the upper chamber 3 is formed. A light source 9 for vegetable photosynthesis is installed on an upper side in the lower chamber 4, the partition 2 comprises a blind type openable and closable partition, and when closing the partition 2, light from the light source 9 is obstructed to be supplied to fungi in the upper chamber 3, and when opening the partition 2, light from the light source 9 is supplied to fungi in the upper chamber 3.

Description

本発明は、菌類と植物の関連生産システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a fungal and plant related production system.

例えば、植物としての野菜類と、菌類としての食用きのこ類は、いずれも同じ農産物であるという点で共通しているが、前者は光合成を行うのに対し、後者は光合成を行わないという点で相違しており、そのため、従来は、野菜類は野菜類生産工場で生産し、きのこ類はきのこ類生産工場で生産するというように、別々の工場で生産していた。   For example, vegetables as plants and edible mushrooms as fungi are common in that they are the same agricultural product, but the former performs photosynthesis while the latter does not perform photosynthesis. Therefore, in the past, vegetables were produced at separate plants, such as vegetables produced at vegetable production plants and mushrooms produced at mushroom production plants.

特開平９−９８６６５号公報JP-A-9-98665

しかしながら、上記のような生産方法では、野菜類生産工場では、野菜類の栽培のために光合成に必要な二酸化炭素を供給してやらなければならず、また、きのこ類生産工場では、きのこ類の栽培に必要なわずかな光を供給するための専用の照明設備を用意しなければならず、栽培に要するコストが高くついてしまうという問題があった。   However, in the production method as described above, the vegetable production factory must supply carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis for the cultivation of vegetables, and the mushroom production factory is used for cultivation of mushrooms. There was a problem that a dedicated lighting facility for supplying the necessary amount of light had to be prepared, and the cost required for cultivation was high.

本発明は、上記のような問題点に鑑み、きのこ類等の菌類の生産と、野菜類等の植物の生産とをコスト的に有利に行うことができる菌類と植物の関連生産システムを提供することを課題とする。   In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a fungus-plant related production system capable of cost-effectively producing fungi such as mushrooms and vegetables and plants such as vegetables. This is the issue.

上記の課題は、仕切りによって上下の室に区画され、下室に植物栽培部が設けられると共に、上室に菌類栽培部が設けられ、
該上下の室は、室外において空気通路で連通され、該空気通路に設けられたファンを駆動することにより、上室の空気が下室に送り込まれ、下室の空気が上室に送り込まれる空気の循環流れが形成されるようになされて、上室の菌類によって生成された二酸化炭素が下室の植物の光合成に使用され、下室の植物の光合成によって生成された酸素が上室の菌類の生育に使用されるようになされており、
下室内の上部側には植物光合成用の光源が設けられると共に、前記仕切りは、ブラインド型の開閉可能な仕切りからなっていて、
該仕切りが閉じられると、光源からの光が上室の菌類に供給されるのが阻止され、該仕切りが開くと、光源からの光が上室の菌類に供給されるようになされていることを特徴とする菌類と植物の関連生産システムによって解決される。 The above problem is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition, a plant cultivation unit is provided in the lower chamber, and a fungus cultivation unit is provided in the upper chamber,
The upper and lower chambers are communicated by an air passage outside the room, and by driving a fan provided in the air passage, the air in the upper chamber is sent to the lower chamber and the air in the lower chamber is sent to the upper chamber The carbon dioxide produced by the upper chamber fungi is used for the photosynthesis of the lower chamber fungi, and the oxygen generated by the photosynthesis of the lower chamber fungus is used for the upper fungus. It is designed to be used for growth,
A light source for plant photosynthesis is provided on the upper side of the lower chamber, and the partition is a blind-type partition that can be opened and closed,
When the partition is closed, the light from the light source is prevented from being supplied to the fungus in the upper chamber, and when the partition is opened, the light from the light source is supplied to the fungus in the upper chamber. It is solved by a related production system of fungi and plants characterized by

このシステムでは、上室の菌類によって生成された二酸化炭素を下室の植物の光合成に使用し、下室の植物の光合成によって生成された酸素を上室の菌類の生育に使用する構成としているので、植物の光合成のためにわざわざ二酸化炭素を用意したり、菌類の生育のためにわざわざ酸素を用意したりする必要がなく、これら菌類と植物の栽培に要するコストを低く抑えることができる。   In this system, carbon dioxide generated by the fungi in the upper chamber is used for photosynthesis of the plants in the lower chamber, and oxygen generated by photosynthesis of the plants in the lower chamber is used for the growth of the fungi in the upper chamber. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare carbon dioxide for the photosynthesis of plants or to prepare oxygen for the growth of fungi, and the cost required for cultivation of these fungi and plants can be kept low.

しかも、上下の室を仕切る仕切りはブラインド型の開閉可能な仕切りからなっていて、仕切りを開くと、下室の光源からの光が上室の菌類にも供給されるようになされているので、菌類の生育に必要なわずかな光の供給のために専用の照明設備を用意する必要がなくなり、菌類の栽培に要するコストをより一層低く抑えることができる。   Moreover, the partition that divides the upper and lower chambers is a blind-type openable partition, and when the partition is opened, the light from the light source in the lower chamber is also supplied to the fungi in the upper chamber, It is not necessary to prepare a dedicated lighting facility for supplying a small amount of light necessary for the growth of fungi, and the cost required for the cultivation of fungi can be further reduced.

第１発明において、前記上室の天井面が光反射面に形成され、前記仕切りが開くと、光源からの光が上室の天井面に反射して菌類に供給されるようになされているとよい（第２発明）。   In the first invention, when the ceiling surface of the upper chamber is formed as a light reflecting surface and the partition is opened, light from the light source is reflected on the ceiling surface of the upper chamber and supplied to the fungus. Good (second invention).

この場合は、下室の光源から発せられる光が仕切りを通じて上室へと送り込まれた後、上室の天井反射面に反射して菌類に供給されるので、菌類の生育に必要な光を菌類に効果的に供給することができる。   In this case, the light emitted from the light source in the lower chamber is sent to the upper chamber through the partition, and then is reflected on the ceiling reflecting surface of the upper chamber and supplied to the fungus. Can be effectively supplied.

第２発明において、前記下室の床面が光反射面に形成され、前記仕切りが開くと、下室の床面で反射した光源からの光が、上室の天井面に反射して菌類に供給されるようになされているとよい（第３発明）。   In the second invention, when the floor surface of the lower chamber is formed as a light reflecting surface and the partition is opened, the light from the light source reflected by the floor surface of the lower chamber is reflected on the ceiling surface of the upper chamber and becomes fungi. It is good to be made to supply (3rd invention).

この場合は、下室の光源から下方又は下寄りに向けて発せられる光も下室の床面反射面で反射されて上室に送り込まれ、上室の天井反射面に反射して菌類に供給されるので、菌類の生育に必要な光を菌類により一層効果的に供給することができる。   In this case, light emitted downward or downward from the light source in the lower chamber is also reflected by the floor reflecting surface of the lower chamber and sent to the upper chamber, and is reflected by the ceiling reflecting surface of the upper chamber and supplied to the fungus. Therefore, the light necessary for the growth of the fungus can be supplied more effectively by the fungus.

第１〜第３発明において、前記仕切りの下面側が光反射面に形成され、仕切りが閉じられると、光源からの光が該光反射面に反射して植物に供給されるようになされているとよい（第４発明）。   In 1st-3rd invention, when the lower surface side of the said partition is formed in a light reflection surface and the partition is closed, the light from a light source will be reflected in this light reflection surface, and it is made to be supplied to a plant. Good (fourth invention).

この場合は、仕切りが閉じられた状態において、光源からの光が仕切りの下面側の光反射面に反射することで、下室の植物に光源の光を効果的に供給することができる。   In this case, in the state where the partition is closed, the light from the light source is reflected on the light reflecting surface on the lower surface side of the partition, so that the light from the light source can be effectively supplied to the plants in the lower chamber.

第４発明において、前記仕切りの上面側も光反射面に形成され、仕切りが開くと、光源からの光が該光反射面に反射して上室に供給されるようになされているとよい（第５発明）。   In the fourth invention, the upper surface side of the partition is also formed on the light reflecting surface, and when the partition is opened, the light from the light source is reflected on the light reflecting surface and is supplied to the upper chamber ( (5th invention).

この場合は、仕切りが開いた状態において、光源からの光が仕切りの反射面に反射することで、上室に光源の光を効果的に供給することができる。   In this case, in a state where the partition is opened, the light from the light source is reflected on the reflecting surface of the partition, so that the light from the light source can be effectively supplied to the upper chamber.

本発明の菌類と植物の関連生産システムは、以上のとおりのものであるから、きのこ類等の菌類の生産と、野菜類等の植物の生産とをコスト的に有利に行うことができる。   Since the related production system of fungi and plants of the present invention is as described above, production of fungi such as mushrooms and production of plants such as vegetables can be advantageously performed in terms of cost.

図（イ）は実施形態の関連生産システムを示す断面正面図、図（ロ）は図（イ）のＩ−Ｉ線矢視図、図（ハ）は図（イ）のＩＩ−ＩＩ線矢視図である。Fig. (A) is a cross-sectional front view showing the related production system of the embodiment, Fig. (B) is a view taken along line II of Fig. (B), and Fig. (C) is a line II-II of Fig. (A). FIG. 図（イ）はファン作動状態を示す断面正面図、図（ロ）は仕切りが閉じた状態での光の供給状態を示す断面正面図、図（ハ）は仕切りが開いた状態での光の供給状態を示す断面正面図である。Fig. (A) is a cross-sectional front view showing the fan operating state, Fig. (B) is a cross-sectional front view showing the light supply state with the partition closed, and Fig. (C) is the light in the state with the partition open. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows a supply state.

次に、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１（イ）に示す実施形態のシステムにおいて、１は箱体であり、該箱体１は、その内部が仕切り２によって、上室３と下室４とに区画されており、下室４には植物としての野菜類の栽培部５が設けられると共に、上室３には菌類としての食用きのこ類の栽培部６…がプランター式で設けられる。   In the system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, reference numeral 1 denotes a box, and the box 1 is partitioned into an upper chamber 3 and a lower chamber 4 by a partition 2, and the lower chamber 4 Is provided with a vegetable cultivation section 5 as a plant, and the upper chamber 3 is provided with a planter type cultivation section 6 for edible mushrooms as fungi.

野菜類栽培部５は水耕栽培ベッドなどで構成されており、きのこ類栽培部６はプランターなどで構成されており、きのこ類栽培部６は図１（ロ）に示すように左右方向に間隔をおくように設置され、野菜類栽培部５は図１（ハ）に示すように、箱体１の前後の壁から間隔をおくよう設けられている。   The vegetable cultivation section 5 is composed of a hydroponics bed and the like, the mushroom cultivation section 6 is composed of a planter and the like, and the mushroom cultivation section 6 is horizontally spaced as shown in FIG. The vegetable cultivation part 5 is provided so as to be spaced from the front and rear walls of the box 1 as shown in FIG.

そして、上下の室３，４は、これら室の外において通気通路としてのダクト７，７で連通され、該ダクト７に設けられたファン８を駆動することにより、図２（イ）に示すように、上室３の空気が下室４に送り込まれ、下室４の空気が上室３に送り込まれる空気の循環流れが形成され、上室３のきのこ類によって生成された二酸化炭素が下室４の野菜類の光合成に使用され、下室４の野菜類の光合成によって生成された酸素が上室３の菌類の生育に使用されるようになされている。   The upper and lower chambers 3 and 4 communicate with each other by ducts 7 and 7 serving as ventilation passages outside these chambers, and the fan 8 provided in the duct 7 is driven, as shown in FIG. Then, air in the upper chamber 3 is sent to the lower chamber 4, and a circulating flow of air is sent in which the air in the lower chamber 4 is sent to the upper chamber 3, and carbon dioxide generated by mushrooms in the upper chamber 3 is The oxygen produced by the photosynthesis of the vegetables in the lower chamber 4 is used for the growth of the fungi in the upper chamber 3.

また、下室４内の上部側には、図１（イ）に示すように、光合成のための蛍光灯やＬＥＤなどからなる光源９が設けられ、仕切り２は、図１（ロ）に示すように、ブラインド型の開閉可能な仕切りからなっていて、上室３の天井面１０は光反射面に形成され、下室４の床面１１は高効率の光反射面に形成され、仕切り２の上下両面１２，１３は高効率の光反射面に形成されていて、
仕切り２が閉じられると、図２（ロ）に示すように、光源９からの光は、直接、野菜類に供給され、また、仕切り２の下面反射面１２に反射して野菜類に供給され、更に、下室４の床面光反射面１１に反射し、仕切り２の下面反射面１２に反射して野菜類に供給され、
仕切り２が開くと、図２（ハ）に示すように、光源９からの光は、上室３に対し、仕切り２を通じて、上室３の天井反射面１０に反射してきのこ類に供給され、また、下室４の床面反射面１１に反射した光が、仕切り２を通じて、上室３の天井反射面１０に反射してきのこ類に供給され、更に、下室４からの光が仕切り２の両反射面１２，１３に反射して上室３に供給されてきのこ類に供給されるようになされている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), a light source 9 made of a fluorescent lamp or LED for photosynthesis is provided on the upper side in the lower chamber 4, and the partition 2 is shown in FIG. 1 (b). As described above, the ceiling type 10 of the upper chamber 3 is formed as a light reflecting surface, and the floor surface 11 of the lower chamber 4 is formed as a highly efficient light reflecting surface. The upper and lower surfaces 12 and 13 are formed on a highly efficient light reflecting surface,
When the partition 2 is closed, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the light from the light source 9 is directly supplied to the vegetables, and is also reflected by the lower reflective surface 12 of the partition 2 and supplied to the vegetables. Furthermore, the light is reflected on the floor light reflecting surface 11 of the lower chamber 4, reflected on the lower surface reflecting surface 12 of the partition 2, and supplied to the vegetables.
When the partition 2 is opened, as shown in FIG. 2C, the light from the light source 9 is reflected to the ceiling reflecting surface 10 of the upper chamber 3 through the partition 2 and supplied to the mushrooms. Further, the light reflected on the floor reflecting surface 11 of the lower chamber 4 is reflected to the ceiling reflecting surface 10 of the upper chamber 3 through the partition 2 and supplied to the mushrooms, and further, the light from the lower chamber 4 is partitioned. The two reflection surfaces 12, 13 are reflected to the upper chamber 3 to be supplied to the mushrooms.

なお、仕切り２の開閉は、マニュアル操作で行うようになされていてもよいし、自動制御により、特定のタイミングで自動で行われるようになされていてもよい。   Note that the opening and closing of the partition 2 may be performed manually, or may be performed automatically at a specific timing by automatic control.

上記のシステムでは、仕切り２を閉じた状態で光源９を点灯し、ファン８を駆動すると、上室３のきのこ類によって生成された二酸化炭素が下室４に送り込まれて野菜類の光合成に使用され、下室４の野菜類の光合成によって生成された酸素が上室３に送り込まれて上室３のきのこ類の生育に使用されるようになされているので、野菜類の光合成のためにわざわざ二酸化炭素を用意したり、きのこ類の生育のためにわざわざ酸素を用意したりする必要がなく、これらきのこ類と野菜類の栽培に要するコストを低く抑えることができる。   In the above system, when the light source 9 is turned on with the partition 2 closed and the fan 8 is driven, carbon dioxide generated by mushrooms in the upper chamber 3 is sent to the lower chamber 4 and used for photosynthesis of vegetables. The oxygen generated by the photosynthesis of the vegetables in the lower chamber 4 is sent to the upper chamber 3 to be used for the growth of the mushrooms in the upper chamber 3, so bother for the photosynthesis of the vegetables. It is not necessary to prepare carbon dioxide or to prepare oxygen for the growth of mushrooms, and the cost required for cultivation of these mushrooms and vegetables can be kept low.

しかも、下室４の光源９を点灯した状態で仕切り２を開くと、下室４の光源９からの光が上室３のきのこ類にも供給されるようになされているので、きのこ類の生育に必要なわずかな光の供給のために専用の照明設備を用意する必要がなくなり、きのこ類の栽培に要するコストをより一層低く抑えることができる。   Moreover, when the partition 2 is opened with the light source 9 in the lower chamber 4 turned on, the light from the light source 9 in the lower chamber 4 is also supplied to the mushrooms in the upper chamber 3. It is no longer necessary to prepare a dedicated lighting facility for supplying a small amount of light necessary for growth, and the cost required for cultivation of mushrooms can be further reduced.

特に、上下の室３，４を仕切る仕切り２をブラインド型の開閉可能な仕切り２で構成し、それによって、下室４の植物光合成用の光源９からの光が上室３のきのこ類に供給される構成としているので、植物光合成用の光源９を、簡素な構造でかつ効果的に、上室３のきのこ類の光源として機能させることができる。   In particular, the partition 2 that partitions the upper and lower chambers 3 and 4 is constituted by a blind-type partition 2 that can be opened and closed, whereby light from the plant photosynthesis light source 9 in the lower chamber 4 is supplied to the mushrooms in the upper chamber 3 Thus, the light source 9 for plant photosynthesis can be made to function effectively as a light source for mushrooms in the upper chamber 3 with a simple structure.

加えて、種々の反射面１０，１１，１２，１３を備えた構造としているので、野菜類やきのこ類に対する光源９の光の供給を効果的なものにすることができる。   In addition, since the structure is provided with various reflecting surfaces 10, 11, 12, and 13, the light supply of the light source 9 to vegetables and mushrooms can be made effective.

以上に、本発明の実施形態を示したが、本発明はこれに限られるものではなく、発明思想を逸脱しない範囲で各種の変更が可能である。例えば、上記の実施形態では、食用きのこ類と野菜類、即ち農産物を生産の対象とした場合を示したが、農産物に限らず、各種菌類と各種植物の生産に広く用いることができるものである。   Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the case where edible mushrooms and vegetables, that is, agricultural products are targeted for production, is not limited to agricultural products, but can be widely used for the production of various fungi and various plants. .

２…仕切り
３…上室
４…下室
５…野菜類栽培部（植物栽培部）
６…きのこ類栽培部（菌類栽培部）
７…ダクト（空気通路）
８…ファン
９…光源
１０…反射面
１１…反射面
１２…反射面
１３…反射面 2 ... Partition 3 ... Upper chamber 4 ... Lower chamber 5 ... Vegetable cultivation department (plant cultivation department)
6 ... Mushroom cultivation department (fungi cultivation department)
7 ... Duct (air passage)
8 ... Fan 9 ... Light source 10 ... Reflective surface 11 ... Reflective surface 12 ... Reflective surface 13 ... Reflective surface

Claims (5)

仕切りによって上下の室に区画され、下室に植物栽培部が設けられると共に、上室に菌類栽培部が設けられ、
該上下の室は、室外において空気通路で連通され、該空気通路に設けられたファンを駆動することにより、上室の空気が下室に送り込まれ、下室の空気が上室に送り込まれる空気の循環流れが形成されるようになされて、上室の菌類によって生成された二酸化炭素が下室の植物の光合成に使用され、下室の植物の光合成によって生成された酸素が上室の菌類の生育に使用されるようになされており、
下室内の上部側には植物光合成用の光源が設けられると共に、前記仕切りは、ブラインド型の開閉可能な仕切りからなっていて、
該仕切りが閉じられると、光源からの光が上室の菌類に供給されるのが阻止され、該仕切りが開くと、光源からの光が上室の菌類に供給されるようになされていることを特徴とする菌類と植物の関連生産システム。 The compartment is divided into upper and lower chambers, a plant cultivation section is provided in the lower chamber, and a fungus cultivation section is provided in the upper chamber,
The upper and lower chambers are communicated by an air passage outside the room, and by driving a fan provided in the air passage, the air in the upper chamber is sent to the lower chamber and the air in the lower chamber is sent to the upper chamber The carbon dioxide produced by the upper chamber fungi is used for the photosynthesis of the lower chamber fungi, and the oxygen generated by the photosynthesis of the lower chamber fungus is used for the upper fungus. It is designed to be used for growth,
A light source for plant photosynthesis is provided on the upper side of the lower chamber, and the partition is a blind-type partition that can be opened and closed,
When the partition is closed, the light from the light source is prevented from being supplied to the fungus in the upper chamber, and when the partition is opened, the light from the light source is supplied to the fungus in the upper chamber. Related production system of fungi and plants characterized by 前記上室の天井面が光反射面に形成され、前記仕切りが開くと、光源からの光が上室の天井面に反射して菌類に供給されるようになされている請求項１に記載の菌類と植物の関連生産システム。   The ceiling surface of the upper chamber is formed as a light reflecting surface, and when the partition is opened, light from the light source is reflected on the ceiling surface of the upper chamber and supplied to the fungus. Related production system of fungi and plants. 前記下室の床面が光反射面に形成され、前記仕切りが開くと、下室の床面で反射した光源からの光が、上室の天井面に反射して菌類に供給されるようになされている請求項２に記載の菌類と植物の関連生産システム。   When the floor of the lower chamber is formed as a light reflecting surface and the partition is opened, the light from the light source reflected by the floor of the lower chamber is reflected on the ceiling surface of the upper chamber and supplied to the fungus. The related production system for fungi and plants according to claim 2. 前記仕切りの下面側が光反射面に形成され、仕切りが閉じられると、光源からの光が該光反射面に反射して植物に供給されるようになされている請求項１乃至３のいずれか一に記載の菌類と植物の関連生産システム。   The lower surface side of the partition is formed on a light reflecting surface, and when the partition is closed, light from the light source is reflected by the light reflecting surface and supplied to the plant. The fungal and plant related production system described in 1. 前記仕切りの上面側も光反射面に形成され、仕切りが開くと、光源からの光が該光反射面に反射して上室に供給されるようになされている請求項４に記載の菌類と植物の関連生産システム。   The fungus according to claim 4, wherein the upper surface side of the partition is also formed on the light reflecting surface, and when the partition is opened, the light from the light source is reflected on the light reflecting surface and supplied to the upper chamber. Plant related production system.
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JP2017516969A (en) * 2013-08-22 2017-06-22 ハンス メルシャイマー，ケビン Building system for cascade flow of materials and energy

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