JP2006294595A - Lighting system and plant raising device equipped with it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting system whereby an initial cost and a running cost can be kept low, and high quality plants can be raised at the same time when raising plants, and a plant raising device equipped with it. <P>SOLUTION: This lighting system is formed into a structure which is equipped with a light source 45, a reflector 41 to reflect light irradiated from the light source 45, and a transmitting and diffusing material 42 to transmit and diffuse light irradiated from the light source 45 and light reflected from the reflector 41, and which uses transmitted and diffused light from the transmitting and diffusing material 42 as illumination light. By this structure, since its illumination method is an indirect illumination method, the entire area of its illumination range is illuminated as uniformly as possible, and illumination having no uneven illumination and high illumination efficiency can be materialized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device suitable for plant growth and a plant growing device using the lighting device.

  Here, plant growth refers to seedling production, that is, cultivation of molded seedlings, grafted seedlings, cuttings seedlings and clonal seedlings grown in a culture container, product production, ie spinach, lettuce, etc. This refers to the cultivation of product crops. The plant growing device refers to a seedling production device or a product production device.

  In recent years, as shown in FIG. 11, when growing a plant, a growing box 103 or the like is placed on each shelf 101 of a growing shelf 102 having a multi-stage shelf 101, and an illumination device 104 provided on each shelf 101. In many cases, the plant growing apparatus 100 that promotes the growth by illuminating the plant planted in each of the growing boxes 103 (direct illumination method) is used (see Patent Document 1). Here, the growth box or the like refers to a seedling tray, a seedling culture container, or a cultivation container for product production.

  In this case, the lighting device 104 is generally configured by arranging a plurality of straight fluorescent lamps 105 above the shelves 101 (see Patent Document 1).

  Further, in such a direct illumination type lighting device 104 using a straight fluorescent lamp 105, it is usual to use a reflective shade 106 in order to equalize the illuminance (see Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, in the plant growing apparatus 100, it is customary to grow the plant in an optimum growing environment by installing the growing shelf 102 in an air-conditioned closed space 107 (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-346450 A (paragraphs “0019”, “0020”, “0037”, “0040” to “0043”, FIGS. 1 and 4) JP-A-60-225302 (page 2, upper right column, line 16 to page lower right column, line 18; FIGS. 2, 3, and 4).

  By the way, like the conventional plant growing apparatus shown in FIG. 11 or Patent Document 1, the plant 108 planted in the growing box 103 or the like by the lighting device 104 configured by arranging a plurality of straight fluorescent lamps 105 is used. The plant growing device 100 that is illuminated has the following problems.

In other words, since the illumination device 104 is a direct illumination system, there is a concern that leaf burning may occur in the plant 108 due to heat generation or radiant heat from the fluorescent lamp 105 when proximity illumination is performed close to the plant 108. In addition, there is a concern that a culture container used for growing clone seedlings or the like accumulates heat therein, and the temperature inside the container rises, causing the plant to die. For this reason, the illumination efficiency is low because the illumination between the fluorescent lamp 105 and the plant 108 has to be widely separated, so that the illumination efficiency is low. Therefore, in order to secure the optimum illuminance for growing the plant 108, the fluorescent lamp It is necessary to increase the number of 105. These results
(1) The large number of fluorescent lamps 105 used increases the power consumption for lighting, leading to an increase in the running cost of the plant growing device 100.
(2) The number of fluorescent lamps 105 used is large, and there is a concern that the heat generated from these fluorescent lamps 104 may increase the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere and adversely affect the growth environment of the plant 108. Expenses associated with air conditioning in the space 107 are high, and as a result, the running cost of the plant growing apparatus 100 is increased.
(3) Due to the heat generated from the fluorescent lamp 104, the temperature difference in the vertical direction increases in the plant growing apparatus 100, and the plant 108 planted in the upper growing box 103 or the like having a higher temperature and the lower temperature on the lower stage The degree of growth is different between the plants 108 planted in the growth box 103, etc., resulting in a decrease in uniformity, a decrease in the quality of the growth plant and a decrease in yield,
(4) Since the straight fluorescent lamp 104 is used, so-called “line illumination” is obtained, the illuminance unevenness is large, and the degree of growth of the plant 108 varies depending on the planting position in the same growing box 103 or the like. There is a concern that the uniformity, quality and yield of the plant may be reduced, and in order to improve this, the reflective shade 106 is used. Hard to get results,
(5) From the viewpoint of the heat generation of the fluorescent lamp, the radiant heat, and the uniformity of the light, it is necessary to use a separate illumination and widen the space between the shelves 101. The number of steps is reduced, the effective utilization of space is low, and as a result, the initial cost and running cost of the plant growing device 100 are increased, and the productivity as the plant growing device 100 is reduced.
There was a problem such as.

  Therefore, in the present invention, in plant growth, while keeping the initial cost and running cost low, while ensuring high productivity, at the same time, a lighting device and a plant growth device equipped with the illumination device capable of high-quality plant growth The main purpose is to provide it.

  In the present invention, the following configuration is adopted as a specific means for solving such a problem.

  In the first invention of the present application, a light source 45 that irradiates light in a specific direction, a reflection plate 41 that is disposed on the front side in the irradiation direction of the light source 45 and reflects the irradiation light from the light source 45, and the reflection plate 41 A transmission diffusing material 42 is provided so as to transmit and diffuse the irradiation light from the light source 45 and the reflection light from the reflection plate 41 so as to face each other, and the transmission diffusion light from the transmission diffusion material 42 is used as illumination light. It is characterized by the construction.

  The second invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the first invention, the light source 45 is a directional light source, and the irradiation direction is set to the specific direction.

  The third invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the first invention, the light source 45 is a non-directional light source, and the irradiated light is reflected in the specific direction by a reflective shade 44.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the light source 45 is a straight fluorescent lamp.

  In the fifth invention of the present application, in the first, second, third or fourth invention, the light source 45 is separated from the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material 42 by the translucent partition material 43, and The part near the light source 45 of the partition plate 43 is a cooling air passage 52.

  In 6th invention of this application, the illuminating device 4 as described in any one of Claims 1-5 is each arrange | positioned to each said shelf part of the growth shelf 3 which provided the multistage shelf part in the up-down direction, and this illumination It is characterized in that the growing box 5 or the like can be placed on the upper surface side of the apparatus 4. Here, the growing box or the like refers to a seedling tray, a seedling culture container, or a container such as hydroponics for product production.

  In the seventh invention of the present application, in the sixth invention, air is blown out from the respective lighting device 4 side toward the growth box 5 etc. arranged below the lighting device 4. It is characterized by.

  The eighth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the sixth invention, the distance between the lighting device 4 and the growing box 5 mounted on the lower side thereof can be changed and adjusted.

  In 9th invention of this application, in said 6th, 7th or 8th invention, having arrange | positioned the said growth shelf 3 provided with the said illuminating device 4 in the breeding store | warehouse | chamber 2 which comprises the air-conditioned closed space. It is characterized by.

  In the tenth invention of the present application, in the ninth invention, outside air of the breeding cabinet 2 is introduced into the cooling wind passage 52 of the lighting device 4, and the air in the cooling wind passage 52 is introduced into the breeding air. It is characterized by being configured to discharge to the outside of the storage 2.

  In an eleventh invention of the present application, in the tenth invention, the air inside the breeding cabinet 2 can be introduced into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and the air inside the cooling air passage 52 is introduced. It is characterized in that it can be discharged into the inside of the breeding cabinet 2.

  In a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the selective introduction of outside air and inside air into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and the air inside the cooling air passage 52 are introduced. The selective discharge to the outside and inside the chamber is controlled based on the outside temperature, the inside temperature, and the temperature of the exhaust air from the cooling air passage.

  In the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  (A) In the illuminating device according to the first invention of the present application, the light source 45 that irradiates light in a specific direction, and the reflection plate 41 that is disposed on the front side in the irradiation direction of the light source 45 and reflects the irradiation light from the light source 45. A transmission diffusion material 42 that is disposed so as to face the reflection plate 41 and transmits and diffuses the irradiation light from the light source 45 and the reflection light from the reflection plate 41, and the transmission diffusion light from the transmission diffusion material 42 Is used as illumination light.

  Therefore, according to the illuminating device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the radiated light from the light source 45 and the reflected light from the reflector 41 are transmitted and diffused by the transmissive diffusing material 42, and the transmitted diffused light is used as illumination light. Because it is a so-called “indirect illumination method”, the entire illumination range is illuminated as evenly as possible. For example, there is almost no illuminance unevenness as in the case of using the direct illumination method, and uniform illumination is promoted. Is done. For this reason, when this lighting device is used as a lighting device in a plant growing device, it is not necessary to have a separate illumination as in the prior art, enabling proximity lighting, and promoting the uniformization of the degree of plant growth, The quality of the plant to be grown and the yield rate are improved, and as a result, the cost for growing the plant can be reduced.

  Further, it is an “indirect illumination method”, and can irradiate most of the light emitted from the light source 45 to the plant. For example, as in the case of the direct illumination method, most of the light emitted from the light source is other than the irradiation target. Since the irradiation efficiency is high as compared with the case where the light source 45 is diffused, the number of the light sources 45 can be reduced, and the power consumption of the lighting device can be reduced by the amount of the light sources 45 to be installed. As a result, the running cost of the lighting device can be reduced.

  (B) In the second invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in the above (a), the following specific effect is obtained. That is, according to the present invention, in the illumination device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the light source 45 is a directional light source, and the irradiation direction is set to the specific direction. Therefore, it is necessary to include means for changing the irradiation direction. Therefore, the structure of the lighting device can be simplified accordingly, and the initial cost of the lighting device can be reduced.

  (C) In the third invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in the above (a), the following specific effect can be obtained. That is, according to the present invention, in the illumination device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the light source 45 is a non-directional light source, and the irradiation light is reflected in the specific direction by the reflection shade 44. 45 itself is inexpensive, and by combining this inexpensive light source 45 with a similarly inexpensive reflective shade 44, the light emitted from the light source 45 can be irradiated in a specific direction. For example, a light source having directivity can be used. The cost of the lighting device can be reduced as compared with the case of using it.

  (D) In the fourth invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in the above (c), the following specific effect can be obtained. That is, according to the present invention, in the illumination device according to the third aspect of the invention, the light source 45 is constituted by a straight fluorescent lamp. For example, as compared with a case where the light source 45 is constituted by a spherical fluorescent lamp. In addition to ensuring a wider irradiation range, it is easy to ensure the directivity of the irradiation light by the reflection shade 44, and as a result, cost reduction of the lighting device is promoted.

  (E) In the fifth invention of the present application, in addition to the effects described in the above (a), (b), (c) or (d), the following specific effects can be obtained. That is, according to the present invention, in the illumination device according to the first, second, third, or fourth invention, the light source 45 is isolated from the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material 42 by the translucent partition member 43. At the same time, since the portion of the partition plate 43 closer to the light source 45 is used as the cooling air passage 52, the heat generated from the light source 45 is removed by the cooling air flowing through the cooling air passage 52 and transmitted to the permeation diffusion material 42 side. Is prevented.

  Further, since the light source 45 is located in the cooling air passage 52, the periphery of the light source 45 is cooled by the cooling air and the temperature thereof is maintained at a temperature at which the irradiation efficiency of the light source 45 is the highest. As a result, it is possible to achieve high illumination efficiency with less power consumption, and thus to reduce the running cost of the illumination device.

  (F) In the plant growing device according to the sixth invention of the present application, the invention according to any one of the first to fifth inventions in each of the shelf parts of the growing shelf 3 provided with a multi-stage shelf part in the vertical direction. The lighting device 4 is arranged, and a growth box 5 or the like can be placed on the upper surface side of the lighting device 4.

  Therefore, according to the plant growing device concerning this invention, the following effects are acquired.

  (F-1) In the case where the lighting device according to the first invention is adopted as the lighting device, since the lighting device is an indirect lighting method, the entire illumination range is illuminated as evenly as possible. There is almost no illuminance unevenness, and the uniform illuminance is promoted. For this reason, the illumination with this lighting device promotes the uniformity of the degree of growth of the plant, improves the quality of the grown plant and improves the yield rate, and in turn enables the plant growth cost to be reduced in the plant growing device. .

  The illumination by the illumination device is an “indirect illumination method”, and most of the light emitted from the light source 45 can be irradiated to the plant. For example, much of the light emitted from the light source as in the direct illumination method. Since the irradiation efficiency is high as compared with the case where the light is diffused to a part other than the irradiation target, the number of the light sources 45 can be reduced, and the number of the light sources 45 can be reduced. Power consumption can be suppressed, and as a result, the running cost of the plant growing device can be reduced.

  (F-2) In the case where the illumination device according to the second invention is adopted as the illumination device, the illumination device uses the light source 45 as a directional light source such as a light emitting diode or a laser beam, Since the irradiation in the specific direction is realized by setting the irradiation direction to the specific direction, it is not necessary to provide a means for changing the irradiation direction, and thus the structure of the lighting device can be simplified, and thus the plant. It is possible to simplify the structure of the growing apparatus and reduce the initial cost.

  (F-3) In the case where the lighting device according to the third invention is adopted as the lighting device, the lighting device uses the light source 45 as a non-directional light source, and the irradiation light is reflected by the reflecting shade 44. Since the light source 45 is reflected in a specific direction, the light source 45 itself is inexpensive, and the light source 45 is combined with the inexpensive light shade 44 to irradiate light emitted from the light source 45 in a specific direction. For example, it is possible to reduce the cost of the lighting device as compared with the case where a light source having directivity is used, and thus the initial cost of the plant growing device can be reduced.

  (F-4) In the case where the illumination device according to the fourth invention is adopted as the illumination device, the illumination device has a light source 45 composed of a straight fluorescent lamp. Compared to the case of a fluorescent lamp having a spherical shape, a wider irradiation range can be secured, and the directivity of irradiation light by the reflecting shade 44 can be easily secured. As a result, the cost of the lighting device can be reduced. As a result, the initial cost of the plant growing apparatus can be reduced.

  (F-5) In the case where the illuminating device according to the fifth invention is adopted as the illuminating device, the illuminating device includes the light source 45 and the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material by the translucent partition material 43. 42, and the portion near the light source 45 of the partition plate 43 is the cooling air passage 52. Therefore, the heat generated from the light source 45 is removed by the cooling air flowing through the cooling air passage 52 and transmitted. It is prevented from being transmitted to the diffusing material 42 side, and the plant grown in the growing box 5 or the like by heat generation or radiant heat from the lighting device, for example, a molded seedling, a grafted seedling or a cutting seedling grown in a seedling tray, Leaf-burning does not occur in clonal seedlings grown in the culture vessel, and product crops such as spinach or lettuce, and there is no concern of heat storage in the culture vessel used for the cultivation of clonal seedlings. , Nor clone seedlings in the container is dead.

  Therefore, the near illumination by the said illuminating device is possible, and the space | interval between each shelf part can be set short. As a result, for example, when the height of the growing shelf 3 is constant, a larger number of growing boxes 5 and the like can be placed by increasing the number of steps of the shelf in the growing shelf 3. The plant growing device with high plant productivity can be provided as much as the number of 5 mounted, and the initial cost of the plant growing device can be reduced because the space utilization in the plant growing device is increased.

  Furthermore, in the illumination device, since the light source 45 is located in the cooling air passage 52, the temperature of the light source 45 is cooled by cooling air, and the temperature is the temperature at which the irradiation efficiency of the light source 45 is highest. As a result, it is possible to achieve high lighting efficiency with less power consumption, and thus to reduce the running cost of the plant growing device.

  (G) In the seventh invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in (f) above, the following specific effect is obtained. That is, in the present invention, in the plant growing device according to the sixth invention, air is blown out from the respective lighting devices 4 side toward the above-mentioned growing boxes 5 etc. arranged below the lighting devices 4. Since it is configured, the temperature in the vicinity of each of the growing boxes 5 placed on the respective shelves is made uniform by this blown air flow, and as a result, the degree of growth of the plants vegetated in the growing boxes 5 etc. is uniform. It is expected that the yield rate of plants will be improved, and as a result, the productivity of the plant growing apparatus can be improved.

  Further, when carbon dioxide for photosynthesis is mixed in the blown-out air, the degree of contact of carbon dioxide with the plants vegetated in each growth box 5 is made as uniform as possible, and the light in the culture vessel is The effect is also great in clonal seedlings that are growing by autotrophic, and the growth of the plant is promoted, the uniformity of the degree of growth is promoted, and the productivity in the plant growing apparatus is improved.

  (H) In the eighth invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in (f) above, the following specific effect is obtained. That is, in the present invention, in the plant growing device according to the sixth invention, the distance between the lighting device 4 and the growing box 5 mounted on the lower side thereof can be changed and adjusted. By adjusting the interval according to the growth stage of the plant, it is possible to always illuminate with the optimum lighting efficiency in any stage of the growth stage, the growth of the plant is promoted, and the productivity in the plant growth apparatus Will be improved.

  (I) In the ninth invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in the above (f), (g) or (h), the following specific effect is obtained. That is, in this invention, in the plant growing apparatus according to the sixth, seventh or eighth invention, the growing shelf 3 provided with the lighting device 4 is placed in the growing cabinet 2 constituting the air-conditioned closed space. Since it is arranged, it is possible to easily realize a space atmosphere optimal for plant growth by the air conditioning in the storage chamber 2, and as a result, the growth of the plant is promoted, and the productivity of the plant growth device is improved. Will improve.

  (J) In the tenth invention of the present application, in addition to the effect described in (i) above, the following specific effect is obtained. That is, according to the present invention, in the plant growing device according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, air outside the breeding cabinet 2 is introduced into the cooling wind passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and air in the cooling wind passage 52 is introduced. Is discharged to the outside of the breeding warehouse 2, so that the introduction of the outside air to the cooling air passage 52 and the discharge of the air inside the cooling air passage 52 to the outside of the warehouse are adjusted. Thus, it becomes possible to maintain the ambient temperature of the light source 45 at a temperature at which the irradiation efficiency of the light source 45 is the highest. As a result, the illumination efficiency of the illumination device is improved, and the running cost of the plant growing device is increased. Reduction and improvement in productivity can be expected.

  Moreover, since it is the structure which discharges | emits the high temperature air in the said cooling wind channel | path 52 out of the said breeding store | warehouse | chamber 2, and does not recirculate | reflux to the store | chamber interior, Compared with the case where the air is recirculated into the warehouse, the power consumption of the air conditioner for air conditioning in the warehouse is reduced, and the running cost of the plant growing device can be suppressed accordingly.

  (K) In the eleventh invention of the present application, in the plant growing device according to the tenth invention, the inside air of the growing chamber 2 can be introduced into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and Since the air in the cooling air passage 52 can be discharged to the inside of the breeding cabinet 2, the air in the cooling air passage 52 heated by the heat generated by the light source 45 is discharged into the warehouse (that is, the warehouse). This can be used for internal heating, and as a result, the power consumption of the air conditioner for internal air conditioning is reduced by the heating load borne by the exhaust heat, and the plant growing device Running costs can be reduced.

  (L) In the twelfth invention of the present application, in the plant growing device according to the eleventh invention, selective introduction of outside air and inside air into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4, and the above Since the selective discharge of the air inside the cooling air passage 52 to the outside and inside the compartment is controlled based on the outside temperature, the inside temperature, and the temperature of the exhaust air from the cooling air passage, the above Management control of lighting efficiency of the lighting device (that is, irradiation efficiency by temperature control of the light source 45) and management control of the air conditioning in the cabinet can be performed in association with each other. Can be expected to reduce running costs and improve productivity.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on preferred embodiments.
A: First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a plant growing apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The plant growing device 1 is configured by attaching a predetermined number of lighting devices 4 according to the present invention to a growing shelf 3 described below, and storing and arranging the growing shelf 3 in a growing cabinet 2 that constitutes a closed space. .

"Composition of breeding shelf 3"
The growing shelf 3 is configured by integrating four support columns 31 to 34 erected at four corners of a rectangle in a cubic frame shape, and includes a first support column 31 positioned on one surface side and A fifth column 35 is disposed at an intermediate position between the two columns 32, and a sixth column 36 is disposed at an intermediate position between the third column 33 and the fourth column 34 located on the other surface side. Further, a seventh column 37 is provided at an intermediate position between the first column 31 on one side and the third column 33 on the other side, and an eighth position is provided at an intermediate position between the second column 32 on the one side and the fourth column 34 on the other side. The support | pillar 38 is arrange | positioned, respectively.

  In the breeding shelf 3, a rectangular box-shaped space is virtually divided into four spaces surrounded by the columns 31 to 38. That is, the vertically long first and second spaces S1 and S2 located on the front side of the line connecting the pair of left and right seventh columns 37 and the eighth column 38 and on the left and right sides of the fifth column 35, Four vertically long third and fourth spaces S3 and S4 located on the back side of the line connecting the pair of left and right seventh columns 37 and eighth column 38 and on the left and right sides of the sixth column 36 It is divided into spaces.

  And in the said growth shelf 3, although 8 steps | paragraphs of shelves are provided in each said space S1-S4, respectively, and the growth box etc. 5 can be mounted in these each shelf, In this embodiment, each space S1-S4. The shelf plate 6 is provided only at the lowermost stage, and the lighting device 4 described below is arranged at the other shelf installation site, and the upper surface of the lighting device 4 is used as the shelf plate (however, the uppermost row is provided). The upper surface of the illuminating device 4 arranged in (1) is not used as a shelf board).

  In addition, in the said growth shelf 3, as it mentions later, although the 1st-4th support | pillars 31-34 of four corners are each utilized as an air duct, in addition to this, both the right and left sides of this growth shelf 3 The seventh column 37 and the eighth column 38 positioned at the intermediate position are respectively provided with ducts 39 and 40 described later.

Configuration of “Lighting Device 4” The lighting device 4 has a flat structure having a rectangular planar shape corresponding to the planar shape of the spaces S1 to S4 of the growing shelf 3, as shown in FIGS. A fluorescent lamp 45, a reflecting plate 41, and a transmissive diffusing material 42 described below.

  The fluorescent lamp 45 (corresponding to the “light source” in the claims) is substantially parallel to the partition plate 43 on the front side of the translucent partition plate 43 provided on the front side of the illumination device 4. It is fixed horizontally. Further, outside the fluorescent lamp 45, a reflection shade 44 having a substantially parabolic cross-sectional shape and extending substantially in parallel with the fluorescent lamp 45 positions the fluorescent lamp 45 in the inner back part thereof, and has an opening end thereof. Is arranged in a state of facing the partition plate 43.

  Further, the reflection shade 44 is integrated in a state of being enclosed in a cover body 47 having a U-shaped cross section, and the cover body 47 and the reflection shade 44 are integrated with the transmission diffuser 42 side. Detachable.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in a state where the reflection shade 44 is disposed together with the cover body 47 on the outside of the fluorescent lamp 45, the inner surface of the reflection shade 44 and the partition plate 43 are located outside the fluorescent lamp 45. And the fluorescent lamp 45 is located inside the gap 52. The gap 52 extends in the longitudinal direction of the fluorescent lamp 45 and constitutes a “cooling air passage” in the claims, and is hereinafter referred to as a “cooling air passage 52”.

  Although cooling air flows through the cooling air passage 52 provided in the lighting device 4, the end structure of the cooling air passage 52 is the same as the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 installed in the space S1. Between the cooling air passages 52 of the lighting device 4 installed in the space S2 and between the cooling air passages 52 of the lighting device 4 installed in the space S3 and the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 installed in the space S4. Between, it is said that each has a structure of the opposite.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the right end of the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 on the space S1 side and the left end of the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 on the space S2 side are in communication with each other. It has become.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the left end portion of the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 on the space S1 side faces the front surface of the first support column 31 in an open state, so as to correspond to this opening. Further, a through hole 21 is formed in the front surface of the first support column 31, and the cooling air passage 52 and the internal space of the first support column 31 communicate with each other through the through hole 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the right end portion of the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 on the space S2 side faces the front surface of the second support column 32 in an open state, so as to correspond to this opening. Further, a through hole 21 is formed in the front surface of the second support column 32, and the cooling air passage 52 and the internal space of the second support column 32 communicate with each other through the through hole 21.

  A similar structure is also provided between the lighting device 4 on the space S3 side and the lighting device 4 on the space S4 side.

  Therefore, as will be described later, when the cooling air A1 is supplied to the inside of the first support column 31, the cooling air A1 passes from the first support column 31 side through the through hole 21 and is on the space S1 side. 4, the cooling air passage 52 flows toward the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 on the space S <b> 2 side, and further passes through the through hole 21 from the cooling air passage 52. It flows inside the second support column 32. The fluorescent lamp 45 is cooled while the cooling air A1 flows through the cooling air passage 52. Therefore, the cooling air A1 exchanges heat with the ambient air of the fluorescent lamp 45, and is discharged from the cooling air passage 52 in a temperature rising state. The cooling air passage 52 constitutes a cooling air circulation system described later.

  On the other hand, a part of the irradiation light R1 emitted from the fluorescent lamp 45 is directly transmitted through the partition plate 43, and the other part is reflected by the inner surface of the reflection shade 44 and then the partition plate 43. Are transmitted to the front side of the partition plate 43 (that is, the reflection plate 41 side described below).

  The reflection plate 41 is configured by, for example, plating on the surface of a thin plate such as a resin plate, a metal plate, or the like, and a reflective film having good reflectivity, and is bent in multiple stages. Also, one end in the front-rear direction is connected and fixed to the upper edge position of the partition plate 43, and the other end is connected and fixed to the lower end portion of the partition material 50 provided on the back side of the lighting device 4.

  Further, on the lower side of the reflection plate 41, a transmission diffusion material 42 made of, for example, a satin transparent film, an acrylic plate, or the like is disposed so as to face the reflection surface of the reflection plate 41. One end of the diffusion material 42 is fixed to the lower end side of the partition plate 43, and the other end is fixed to the lower end side of the partition wall material 50.

  Therefore, in the state where the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material 42 are attached in front of the partition plate 43, a flat hollow chamber 51 surrounded by these three members is formed. A part of the irradiation light R1 irradiated from the fluorescent lamp 45 and transmitted through the partition plate 43 and incident on the hollow chamber 51 side is directly incident on the transmission diffuser 42, where it is transmitted and diffused. Then, after the other part is reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate 41 or after being alternately reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate 41 and the transmitting diffusing material 42, each of the other parts is reflected on the transmitting diffusing material 42. Incident light is transmitted and diffused there, and is irradiated downward as illumination light R2 from the light diffusing material 42 to perform required illumination.

  On the other hand, on the upper side of the reflection plate 41, a top plate material 46 that extends substantially parallel to the transmission diffuser 42 and constitutes the upper surface of the lighting device 4 is disposed. The top plate material 46, the reflection plate 41, and A flat upper hollow chamber 53 is formed between the partition members 50. The top plate 46 is used as a shelf for placing the growth box 5 or the like.

  In this embodiment, the growing box 5 and the like are directly placed on the top plate member 46. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 (height from the top plate 46 of the lighting device 4) can be increased or decreased. As a means for adjusting the height of the growth box 5 or the like, for example, a jack-type lifting platform is used, which is installed on the upper surface side of the lighting device 4 and the growth box or the like 5 is placed on the lifting platform. Various methods are adopted, such as mounting the lighting device 4 to the growing shelf 3 so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction and adjusting the distance by moving the lighting device 4 up and down. it can.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the lighting device 4 has a vertically long cross-sectional shape between the partition wall material 50 and the back wall material 49 opposed to the partition wall material 50, and the lighting device 4. 4, a gap 54 extending in the width direction is formed. The gap portion 54 is provided on the lower surface side of the lighting device 4 through a slit-like air outlet 55 provided at the lower end thereof and extending in the width direction of the lighting device 4. Furthermore, a large number of through holes 22 are formed at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the lighting device 4 on the upper side of the partition wall material 50, and the air outlet 55 is connected to the upper hollow through the through holes 22. It communicates with the chamber 53. Further, a through hole 23 is provided in a side wall portion of the upper hollow chamber 53.

  The said through-hole 23 is arrange | positioned between the illuminating device 4 arrange | positioned in the space S1 between the illuminating device 4 arrange | positioned in the space S1 of the said growth shelf 3, and the space S2, and the illuminating device 4 arrange | positioned in the space S3. Between the lighting devices 4, the formation positions are set in the opposite direction. That is, it is formed on the surfaces of the facing side of the duct 39 attached to the seventh support column 37 and the duct 40 attached to the eighth support column 38 of the growing shelf 3. As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of left and right through holes 24, 24 are formed in the ducts 39, 40 at positions corresponding to the through holes 23 of the lighting device 4 facing the ducts 39, 40.

  Therefore, as will be described later, when air A2 is supplied to the duct 39 and the duct 40, the air A2 is supplied from the ducts 39 and 40 to the through holes 24 and the through holes 23 on the lighting device 4 side. Then, it flows into the gap portion 54 from the through hole 22 of the lighting device 4 and blows downward from the air outlet 55 provided at the lower end of the gap portion 54. Each of the duct 39 and the duct 40 constitutes an air circulation system for growth described later.

“Assembly of the lighting device 4 to the growth shelf 3”
The illuminating device 4 configured as described above is attached to each of the spaces S1 to S4 of the growing shelf 3 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, as will be described later, in consideration of the fact that the illuminating device 4 has a configuration such as an indirect illumination method and radiates heat from the fluorescent lamp 45 to the outside of the chamber, the interval between the stages is set. It is smaller than that of the conventional structure (see FIG. 9) and has an eight-stage configuration. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the shelf board 6 is provided in the lowermost stage in each of the spaces S1 to S4, and the lighting device 4 is assembled in eight stages at a predetermined interval above the shelf board 6.

  In addition to the shelf 6, the top plate material 46 constituting the upper surface of each stage of the lighting device 4 is used as a shelf on which the growth box 5 or the like is placed (in other words, the original shelf The top plate material 46 to be a plate is integrally incorporated on the lighting device 4 side). In this embodiment, it is configured so that three of the above-mentioned growth boxes 5 can be juxtaposed on the shelf plate 6 and the lighting device 4, respectively, but the number of the growth boxes 5 is limited. Instead, it can be set as appropriate according to the type, shape, etc. of the growth box 5. A predetermined number of plant seedlings are planted in the growing box 5 or the like.

  In addition, although the case where a vegetation seedling is used is assumed here, it replaces with this, for example, the culture | cultivation which consists of a gas-permeable film raw material not to mention the clone seedling currently grown in the general culture container. Of course, it can also be used to grow clone seedlings that grow by photoautotrophic by applying carbon dioxide in a container. Furthermore, it can be used not only for the growth of these seedlings but also for the cultivation of leaf crops such as lettuce and spinach, the plant factory, and the cultivation of all other plants that require light.

  In this case, when the lighting device 4 is assembled to the growing shelf 3, the cooling air passage 52 of each lighting device 4 is placed inside the first column 31 or the second column 32, the third column 33 or The fourth pillars 34 are selectively communicated with each other, and the through holes 23 of the respective lighting devices 4 are respectively communicated with the ducts 39 or the through holes 24 of the duct 40.

  Thus, the said plant growing apparatus 1 is comprised by installing this in the said growth store | warehouse | chamber 2 in the state which assembled | attached the said illuminating device 4 to the said growing shelf 3. FIG. Note that an air conditioner 84 for air conditioning in the warehouse is provided in the breeding warehouse 2.

“Structure of the air circulation system”
As described above, in the plant growing apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the support columns 31 to 34 of the growing shelf 3 are used as air ducts, and the dedicated air ducts 39 and 40 are provided to constitute an air circulation system. is doing. Here, a cooling air circulation system and a growing air circulation system using these members will be described.

“Description of Cooling Air Circulation System”
As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling air circulation system includes the first support column 31 and the third support column 33 of the growth shelf 3.
An air introduction path 71 that communicates with the outside of the cabinet, and an air outlet path 73 that communicates the second support column 32 and the fourth support column 34 with the exterior. The air introduction path 71 is provided with a fan 61 that sucks outside air and supplies it to the first and third struts 31 and 32, and a first damper 63 is disposed upstream of the fan 61. Provided. Furthermore, a second damper 64 is provided in a branch path 72 that branches from between the first damper 63 and the fan 61 and opens into the inside of the breeding cabinet 2.

  On the other hand, the air lead-out path 73 is provided with a third damper 65, and a fourth damper 66 is provided in a branch path 74 that branches from the upstream side of the third damper 65 and opens into the inside of the breeding cabinet 2. Is provided.

  And in this cooling air circulation system, the opening / closing control of each said damper 63-66 and the ventilation volume control of the said fan 61 are performed. The contents of the control of the cooling air circulation system will be specifically described based on the system diagram conceptually showing the plant growing apparatus 1 shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 8, a first temperature sensor 81 that detects the temperature of the exhaust air from the cooling air passage 52 is provided in the air outlet path 73, while the outside air temperature is detected outside the breeding cabinet 2. A second temperature sensor 82 and a third temperature sensor 83 for detecting the air temperature in the storage are provided in the storage of the breeding storage 2.

  Further, the internal target temperature and the cooling air passage target temperature are preset as control target temperatures. In this case, for example, when considering a case where a fluorescent lamp dedicated to high-frequency lighting (Hf fluorescent lamp; maximum total luminous flux at an ambient temperature of 35 ° C.) is used as the fluorescent lamp 45, the irradiation illumination efficiency of the fluorescent lamp 45 is maximized. Since the ambient temperature is about 35 ° C., the target temperature in the cooling air passage is set to “35 ° C.”. Moreover, since the atmospheric temperature suitable for plant growth is generally about 25 ° C., the internal target temperature is set to “25 ° C.”.

  Incidentally, in the case of a fluorescent lamp dedicated for high-frequency lighting (Hf fluorescent lamp), the maximum irradiation efficiency is obtained when the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 is 35 ° C. Therefore, for cooling the fluorescent lamp to maintain the ambient temperature around 35 ° C. As air, outside air up to a temperature of about 30 ° C. can be used. Therefore, in Japan, cooling with outside air is possible in most regions throughout the year.

  Specific control is as follows.

"Control during cooling of the cabinet"
This control is performed under the temperature condition in which the surroundings of the fluorescent lamp 45 can be cooled by the outside air during the internal cooling (that is, when the inside of the growth chamber 2 is cooled at the internal target temperature “25 ° C.”). Is a control for cooling the fluorescent lamp 45 with outside air to ensure high irradiation efficiency of the fluorescent lamp 45 and for discharging heat to the outside.

  That is, when the temperature difference between the outside temperature and the target temperature in the cooling air passage is a temperature difference that can cool the periphery of the fluorescent lamp 45 by the outside air, for example, the outside temperature of the outside of the storage air than the target temperature in the cooling air passage. When the temperature is lower than 5 ° C., the first damper 63 and the third damper 65 are opened, the second damper 64 and the fourth damper 66 are closed, and the fan 61 is operated in this state.

  Then, the outside air is introduced into the cooling air passage 52 of each lighting device 4, and the surroundings of the fluorescent lamp 45 are cooled by the outside air. Further, the air whose temperature has been raised by heat exchange in the cooling air passage 52 is directly discharged out of the warehouse. As a result, the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 can be lowered without hindering the cooling of the interior by the air conditioner 84.

  Further, in this case, the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 needs to be maintained at about “35 ° C.” of the target temperature in the cooling air passage in consideration of the illumination efficiency of the fluorescent lamp 45. For example, the supply amount of outside air to the cooling air passage 52 is adjusted by controlling the rotational speed of the fan 61.

  On the other hand, if the temperature difference between the outside temperature and the target temperature in the cooling air passage is 5 ° C. or less and the cooling action around the fluorescent lamp by the outside air cannot be expected or the cooling action is small at the time of cooling inside the compartment. The first damper 63 and the third damper 65 are closed, the second damper 64 and the fourth damper 66 are opened, and the fan 61 is operated in this state.

  Then, the internal air (that is, the air whose temperature is adjusted to about 25 ° C.) is introduced into the cooling air passage 52 of each lighting device 4, and the surroundings of the fluorescent lamp 45 are cooled by the internal air. In addition, the air whose temperature has been raised by heat exchange in the cooling air passage 52 is returned to the interior again. Thereby, even if the outside temperature is high, the inside air cooling by the air conditioner 84 and the cooling around the fluorescent lamp 45 can be realized at the same time.

  In this case as well, the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 is adjusted to the target temperature in the cooling air passage by adjusting the amount of outside air supplied to the cooling air passage 52 by controlling the rotational speed of the fan 61. It is the same as the above case to maintain the temperature at about 35 ° C.

"Control during heating in the cabinet"
This control uses the high temperature air heated by cooling around the fluorescent lamp of the illuminating device 4 for the internal heating when the internal heating is necessary, thereby appropriately maintaining the irradiation efficiency of the fluorescent lamp 45, This is control for eliminating or reducing the heating load of the air conditioner 84.

  That is, when the internal air temperature falls below the internal target temperature, the first damper 63 and the third damper 65 are closed, the second damper 64 and the fourth damper 66 are opened, and the fan 61 is operated in this state. .

  Then, the cooler air having a temperature lower than the target temperature in the cool air passage is introduced into the cool air passage 52 of each lighting device 4, and the surroundings of the fluorescent lamp 45 are cooled by the cool air. Further, the air heated by heat exchange in the cooling air passage 52 is recirculated back into the warehouse, thereby heating the interior. The heating operation of the air conditioner 84 is performed only when the temperature cannot be raised to the target temperature by heating with the recirculated air into the cabinet.

  In this case as well, the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 is adjusted to the target temperature in the cooling air passage by adjusting the amount of outside air supplied to the cooling air passage 52 by controlling the rotational speed of the fan 61. It is the same as the above case to maintain the temperature at about 35 ° C.

"Explanation of air circulation system for breeding"
As shown in FIG. 1, the air circulation system for cultivation is performed using a pair of left and right ducts 39 and 40 of the breeding shelf 3, and these ducts 39 and 40 are used as air sources inside and outside the warehouse. A fan 62 is provided in the air introduction path 75 to be communicated. When air (mixed air mixed with about 1000 to 3000 ppm of carbon dioxide gas is used in this embodiment) is supplied from the air introduction path 75 to the ducts 39 and 40, the air is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 7, from the ducts 39 and 40, the through holes 24 provided in the ducts 39 and the through holes 23 on the lighting device 4 side, and the through holes 22 of the lighting device 4. Each growth box etc. 5 that flows into the gap 54 and blows downward from the air outlet 55 provided at the lower end of the gap 54 and is placed on the upper surface of the lower side lighting device 4. The temperature gradually flows to the side, and the uniform temperature around the respective growth boxes 5 is promoted. Further, the carbon dioxide contained in the blown air is effectively and universally brought into contact with the plant vegetated in the growing box 5 or the like so as to enhance the photosynthetic ability, thereby promoting the photosynthesis of the plant. As a synergistic effect, the growth of the plant vegetated in the growing box 5 or the like is promoted, the degree of growth is uniformized, and the productivity of the plant is enhanced.

  In the air circulation system for growth shown in this embodiment, the entire growth shelf 3 is circulated in a lump. However, in another embodiment of the present invention, for example, in each lighting device 4 described above, A growing air circulation system can be configured in each of the lighting devices 4 by attaching a small fan to the partition wall member 50 located on the rear end side. In the case of such a configuration, it is not necessary to install the ducts 39 and 40 and the fan 62, and the entire apparatus can be made compact.

"Usage form of plant growing device 1"
Here, based on the above description of the air circulation system and the like, a case where a plant is grown using the plant growing apparatus 1 will be described.

  When a plant is grown using the plant growing apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a growing box or the like in which an appropriate number of plant seedlings are planted on each shelf of the growing shelf 3, etc. 5 Are placed one by one. And the fluorescent lamp 45 of the said illuminating device 4 which comprises each said shelf is lighted, and it illuminates with respect to the growth box etc. 5 mounted in the lower side of this illuminating device 4, and promotes photosynthesis of a plant, Encourage growth. In addition, the fan 61 and the fan 62 are operated to cool the fluorescent lamp 45 to increase the irradiation efficiency and promote the growth of the plant, and promote the energy saving of the air conditioning in the warehouse. Further, air is blown out from the lighting device 4 side to the respective growth boxes 5 etc. to promote the growth thereof by making the ambient temperature of the plant uniform. Moreover, if necessary, the inside cooling or inside heating of the breeding cabinet 2 is performed to maintain the temperature inside the cabinet at an optimum temperature for plant growth. By synergistically operating these actions, plant growth is realized with high productivity and low running costs.

  Further, this will be specifically described.

  (A) In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the illuminating device 4 includes the fluorescent lamp 45, a reflection shade 44 that gives directivity to the irradiation light of the fluorescent lamp 45, and the fluorescent lamp 45. Indirect illumination type illumination comprising a reflecting plate 41 that reflects the irradiating light downward and a transmissive diffusing material 42 that transmits and diffuses the illuminating light from the fluorescent lamp 45 and the reflected light from the reflecting plate 41. In addition, the fluorescent lamp 45 side is separated from the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material 42 side by the partition plate 43, and the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 is supplied to the cooling air passage 52. It is set as the structure cooled with.

  A part of the irradiation light R1 emitted from the fluorescent lamp 45 is directly transmitted through the partition plate 43, and the other part is reflected by the inner surface of the reflection shade 44 and then the partition plate 43. Is transmitted to the reflecting plate 41 side in front of the partition plate 43. A part of the irradiation light R1 irradiated on the reflection plate 41 side is directly incident on the transmission diffusion material 42 and is transmitted and diffused there, and the other part is reflected by the reflection surface of the reflection plate 41. Later, or after being alternately reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material 42, the light is incident on the transmissive diffusing material 42 and is diffused and transmitted downward from the transmissive diffusing material 42. Are irradiated as illumination light R2 to perform required illumination.

  Therefore, in the plant growing apparatus 1, the following specific effects can be obtained.

  That is, since the illumination device 4 is an indirect illumination type illumination device, the entire illumination range is illuminated as evenly as possible. For example, there is almost no illuminance unevenness as in the direct illumination method. In addition, there is no need to worry about plant burning due to the generated heat or radiant heat of the fluorescent lamp 45, withering of clone seedlings, reduction in photosynthesis due to increased leaf surface temperature, or uneven photosynthesis due to illuminance spots. As a synergistic effect of these, higher illumination efficiency is ensured. As a result, by using this lighting device 4 as a lighting device in the plant growing device 1, the uniformity of the degree of growth of the plant is promoted, the yield rate of the growing plant is improved, and the distance between the shelves is shortened. By increasing the number of plants, etc., it is possible to reduce plant growth costs.

  Further, the illumination device 4 is an indirect illumination method, and can irradiate the plant with most of the irradiation light from the light source 45. For example, as in the case of the direct illumination method, most of the irradiation light from the fluorescent lamp Since the irradiation efficiency is high as compared with the case where the light is diffused to a site other than the irradiation target, the number of fluorescent lamps 45 can be reduced, and the number of fluorescent lamps 45 can be reduced. 4 can be suppressed, and as a result, the running cost of the plant growing device 1 can be reduced.

  (B) In the above embodiment, in the lighting device 4, the fluorescent lamp 45 is separated from the reflecting plate 41 and the transmissive diffusing material 42 by the translucent partition material 43, and close to the light source 45 of the partition plate 43. Since the portion is the cooling air passage 52, the heat generated from the fluorescent lamp 45 is removed by the cooling air flowing through the cooling air passage 52 and is prevented from being transmitted to the transmission diffuser 42 side. The plants vegetated in the growth box 5 due to heat do not cause leaf burning, clone seedling death, photosynthesis decrease due to an increase in leaf surface temperature, photosynthesis unevenness due to illuminance spots, and the like. Proximity illumination by is possible, and the interval between each shelf can be set short. As a result, for example, when the height of the growing shelf 3 is constant, a larger number of growing boxes 5 and the like can be placed by increasing the number of steps of the shelf in the growing shelf 3. The plant growth apparatus 1 with high plant productivity can be provided as much as the number of 5 mounted, and the space utilization in the plant growth apparatus 1 is increased, thereby improving the productivity per unit space. The initial cost of the plant growing device 1 can be reduced.

  (C) Since the fluorescent lamp 45 is located in the cooling air passage 52 in the illumination device 4, the fluorescent lamp 45 is cooled by the cooling air, and the temperature is set to the irradiation efficiency of the fluorescent lamp 45. Can be maintained at the highest temperature, and as a result, high illumination efficiency can be realized with less power consumption, and the running cost of the plant growing apparatus 1 can be reduced. Become.

  (D) In the above embodiment, air is blown out from the respective lighting device 4 side toward the growth box 5 or the like disposed below the lighting device 4. As a result, the temperature in the vicinity of each of the growing boxes 5 placed on each shelf is made uniform, and as a result, the degree of growth of the plants planted in the growing boxes 5 is equalized, and the yield rate of the plants is improved. As a result, an improvement in productivity of the plant growing apparatus 1 can be expected.

  Further, in this case, since carbon dioxide for photosynthesis is mixed in the blown-out air, the degree of contact of carbon dioxide with the plant vegetated in each growth box 5 is made as uniform as possible, and the growth of the plant Is promoted, and the uniformity of the degree of growth is promoted. As a result, the productivity in the plant growing apparatus 1 is improved.

  (E) Since the space between the lighting device 4 and the growth box 5 placed below the lighting device 4 can be changed and adjusted, for example, the space can be adjusted according to the growth stage of the plant. In any stage of the growth stage, it is possible to always illuminate with the optimum lighting efficiency, the growth of the plant is promoted, and the productivity in the plant growing apparatus 1 is improved.

  (F) The outside air of the breeding cabinet 2 is introduced into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and the air inside the cooling air passage 52 is discharged to the outside of the cultivation chamber 2. Therefore, the ambient temperature of the fluorescent lamp 45 is adjusted by adjusting the introduction of the outside air into the cooling air passage 52 and the discharge of the air inside the cooling air passage 52 to the outside of the warehouse. As a result, the illumination efficiency of the illumination device 4 is improved, and the heat generated from the fluorescent lamp is cooled by the outside air. Reduction is possible, and reduction of the running cost of the plant growing apparatus 1 and improvement of productivity can be expected.

  Further, the inside air of the breeding warehouse 2 can be introduced into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and the air inside the cooling air passage 52 can be discharged into the inside of the breeding house 2. Therefore, the air in the cooling air passage 52 heated by the heat generated by the fluorescent lamp 45 can be discharged into the cabinet (that is, introduced into the cabinet) and used for heating the cabinet, and as a result The power consumption of the air conditioner for the internal air conditioning is reduced by the heating load due to the exhaust heat, and the running cost of the plant growing device 1 can be suppressed accordingly.

  Further, selective introduction of outside air and inside air into the cooling air passage 52 of the lighting device 4 and selective discharge of air inside the cooling air passage 52 to the outside and inside the compartment, Since control is performed based on the outside temperature, the inside temperature, and the temperature of the exhaust air from the cooling air passage, this leads to a significant reduction in power consumption, and reduces the running cost and productivity of the plant growing device 1. Improvement can be expected.

  In the embodiment, the number of shelves in the growing shelf 3 is eight, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and can be arbitrarily changed and set as necessary.

  Moreover, in the plant growing apparatus 1 which concerns on the said embodiment, the said growing shelf 3 is installed in the said growing store | warehouse | chamber 2, and the circumference | surroundings of the said growing shelf 3 open this in the said growing store | warehouse | chamber 2, and this growing shelf 3 In addition to the portion, the entire interior of the breeding cabinet 2 is air-conditioned, but in another embodiment of the present invention, for example, the periphery of each shelf of the breeding shelf 3 is a sheet-like sheet material. It can also be configured to air-condition only the space for plant growth on the inner side of the sheet material, and in such a configuration, the amount of power consumption for air-conditioning is further increased by the reduction of the air-conditioning load. Reduction is possible.

Furthermore, in the case where each of the shelves of the growing shelf 3 is surrounded by a curtain-like sheet material as described above, if a highly reflective film such as an aluminum vapor deposition film is used for the inner side surface of the sheet material, for example, Since the light from the lighting device 4 is reflected to the inside of the shelf by the reflecting surface, the amount of light leaking from the shelf to the outside is almost eliminated, and the illumination efficiency of the lighting device 4 is improved by that amount, The power consumption for lighting can be further reduced.
B: Second Embodiment FIG. 9 shows a plant growing apparatus 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The plant growing apparatus 1 has the same basic configuration as the plant growing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, and is different from the above in the structure of the growing box 5 and the like. That is, in the plant growing device 1 according to the first embodiment, the top plate material 46 constituting the upper surface of the lighting device 4 is used as a shelf plate for placing the growing box 5 or the like, On the top plate 46, while it was configured to place a predetermined number (three in the first embodiment) of growth boxes 5 formed in a tray shape with a relatively small depth, In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the growing box 5 or the like is formed in a tray shape having a size corresponding to the planar shape of the spaces S1 to S4 of the growing shelf 3, and the growing The box 5 or the like is formed on the top plate member 46 of the lighting device 4 in a drawer shape that can be taken in and out in the depth direction of the growth shelf 3, and the growth box 5 or the like is connected to the top plate member 46 side as needed. Can be pulled out to the front or pushed into the back Unishi to have. A predetermined number of seedling pots 90 planted with plants are placed on the growing box 5 or the like.

  In other embodiments, instead of the seedling pot 90, for example, a culture container, a hydroponics panel, or the like can be placed. Moreover, the said growth box 5 etc. can be easily taken in and out with a small operation force by the roller (illustration omitted) provided in the said growth shelf 3 side.

  By adopting such a configuration, the distance between the lighting devices 4 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is narrow by adopting proximity lighting, particularly as in the plant growing device 1 of the present invention, and the growing box 5 or the like is placed on the lighting device 4. Even if it is difficult to visually confirm the growth state of the plant in the growing box 5 etc. while being installed in, the pulling out of the growing box 5 etc. to the near side from the front of the lighting device 4, The growth state of the plant planted in the seedling pot 90 placed on the growing box 5 or the like can be easily confirmed visually, which is very convenient.

In addition, since the structure of each member other than the above and its effect are the same as that of the case of the plant growing apparatus 1 of the said 1st Embodiment, it is the same as each member of FIG. 9 corresponding to each member of FIG. The corresponding description in the first embodiment is used, and the description here is omitted.
C: Third Embodiment FIG. 10 shows a plant growing device 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The plant growing device 1 is positioned as an example of the development of the plant growing device 1 according to the first embodiment, and the growing shelf 3 includes four spaces S1 to S4 arranged side by side on the front side. A total of eight spaces of four spaces S5 to S8 arranged horizontally on the back side are arranged in multiple stages, and the illumination device 4 is arranged so as to correspond to each of these spaces S1 to S8. The

  And in each stage of the said growth shelf 3, the tray-like growth box etc. 5 with a horizontally long rectangular planar shape which straddles the whole space S1-S8 in the said stage are each said space S1-S8. Are fixedly or detachably mounted on each of the lighting devices 4 arranged in each of the above. Therefore, the said growth box etc. 5 mounted ranging over the whole region of the said growth shelf 3 is illuminated by each said illuminating device 4 arrange | positioned on the upper side.

  The said growth box etc. 5 is used as a hydroponics container, Comprising: The nutrient solution for hydroponics is always satisfy | filled inside the said growth box etc. 5. And in the nutrient solution of this growth box 5 etc., for example, the hydroponic bed 91 formed so as to have a strip-like shape with polystyrene foam is directed from one end side to the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the growth box etc. 5. A certain number of floats are in a row. In the hydroponic bed 91, vegetation holes 92 having a predetermined diameter penetrating in the thickness direction are formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the hydroponic bed 91. Each of these vegetation holes 92 is filled with a vegetation floor made of sponge or the like, and the hydroponic bed 91 is floated on the nutrient solution, so that the nutrient solution is always on the vegetation bed. Will be infiltrated.

  In the plant growing apparatus 1 having such a growing box 5 or the like, for example, the hydroponic bed 91 in which seedlings are vegetated or seeded on the vegetation floor from one end side in the longitudinal direction of the growing shelf 3 is used. The seedling vegetation or sowing can be carried out only by the operation on one end side of the growing shelf 3 by sequentially throwing it into the nutrient solution of the growing box 5 or the like and moving it to the other end side in the longitudinal direction in order. Further, after the plant has grown, the hydroponics bed 91 floated in the nutrient solution of the growth box 5 or the like is sequentially drawn toward the front side from one end side in the longitudinal direction of the growth shelf 3. Thus, it is possible to harvest a plant grown only by the work on one end side of the growing shelf 3, and as a result, light labor and efficiency of the cultivation work in hydroponics are promoted.

  Further, for example, when the hydroponic bed 91 in which seedlings are vegetated or seeded on the vegetation floor from one end side in the longitudinal direction is introduced into the nutrient solution of the growth box 5 or the like, the time for the input operation If the general interval is set to an interval corresponding to the growth period of the plant, the previously introduced hydroponics bed 91 is intermittently provided with the predetermined time for the hydroponics bed 91 that is introduced later. When the hydroponics bed 91 reaches the other end side, the plant grows to a state where the plant can be harvested, and the other plant side grows the plant grown from the growing box etc. 5 on the other end side. It can be taken out and harvested. Therefore, in such a case, it is only necessary to input the hydroponic bed 91 from one end side in the longitudinal direction of the growing shelf 3, and only to harvest the grown plant on the other end side. Promotion of lighter and more efficient cultivation work.

  In addition, since the structure of each member other than the above and its effect are the same as the case of the plant growing apparatus 1 of the said 1st Embodiment, it is the same as each member of FIG. 10 corresponding to each member of FIG. The corresponding description in the first embodiment is used, and the description here is omitted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a whole perspective view of the plant growing apparatus provided with the illuminating device which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the illuminating device shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the III section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the IV section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the V section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the VI section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the VII part of FIG. It is a route diagram of an air circulation system. It is a whole perspective view of the plant growth apparatus provided with the illuminating device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a whole perspective view of the plant growth apparatus provided with the illuminating device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual structure figure of the conventional plant growth apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ・ ・ Plant growing device 2 ・ ・ Growth storage 3 ・ ・ Growth shelf 4 ・ ・ Lighting device 5 ・ ・ Growth box etc. 6 ・ ・ Shelf 21 ・ ・ Through hole 22 ・ ・ Through hole 23 ・ ・ Through hole 24 ・ ・Through hole 31 .. 1st support 32 .. 2nd support 33 .. 3rd support 34 .. 4th support 35 .. 5th support 36 .. 6th support 37 .. 7th support 38 .. 8th support 39 ·· Duct 40 · · Duct 41 · · Reflector 42 ·· Transmission diffuser 43 · · Partition plate 44 · · Reflecting shade 45 · · Fluorescent lamp (light source)
46 ·· Top plate material 47 ·· Cover body 48 · · Reinforcement material 49 · · Back wall material 50 · · Bulkhead material 51 · · Hollow chamber 52 · · Gap (cooling air passage)
53 ···················································································· Air Outlet 61 ··· A Fan 62 ··· A Fan 63 ·· A First Damper 64 · · A Second Damper 65 · · A Third Damper 66 · · A Fourth Damper 71・ ・ Air introduction path 72 ・ ・ Branch path 73 ・ ・ Air lead-out path 74 ・ ・ Branch path 75 ・ ・ Air introduction path 81 ・ ・ First temperature sensor 82 ・ ・ Second temperature sensor 83 ・ ・ Third temperature sensor 84・ Air conditioner 90 ・ ・ Seedling pot 91 ・ ・ Hydroculture bed 92 ・ ・ Vegetation hole 93 ・ ・ Nutrient solution A1 ・ ・ Air flow A2 ・ ・ Air flow

Claims (12)

A light source (45) that emits light in a specific direction, a reflector (41) that is disposed in front of the light source (45) in the irradiation direction and reflects the light emitted from the light source (45), and the reflector (41) ) And a transmission diffusion material (42) that transmits and diffuses the irradiation light from the light source (45) and the reflection light from the reflection plate (41). An illumination device configured to use transmitted diffused light as illumination light. In claim 1,
The illuminating device characterized in that the light source (45) is a directional light source and the irradiation direction is set to the specific direction. In claim 1,
The illuminating device, wherein the light source (45) is a non-directional light source, and the irradiated light is reflected in the specific direction by a reflective shade (44). In claim 3,
The lighting device, wherein the light source (45) is a straight fluorescent lamp. In claim 1, 2, 3 or 4,
The light source (45) is separated from the reflecting plate (41) and the transmissive diffusing material (42) by a translucent partitioning material (43), and a portion of the partitioning plate (43) closer to the light source (45) is A lighting device characterized by being a cooling air passage (52). The illuminating device (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is arranged on each of the shelf portions of the growing shelf (3) provided with multi-level shelf portions in the vertical direction, and the illuminating device (4). A plant growing device characterized in that a growth box or the like (5) can be placed on the upper surface side of the plant. In claim 6,
A plant growing device characterized in that air is blown from the lighting device (4) side toward the growing box (5) disposed below the lighting device (4). In claim 6,
A plant growing device characterized in that an interval between the lighting device (4) and the growing box (5) mounted on the lower side thereof can be changed and adjusted. In claim 6, 7 or 8,
The plant growing device, wherein the growing shelf (3) provided with the lighting device (4) is arranged in a growing store (2) constituting an air-conditioned closed space. In claim 9,
While introducing the outside air of the said breeding store | warehouse | chamber (2) into the said cooling wind channel | path (52) of the said illuminating device (4), the air in this cooling wind channel | path (52) is outside the storehouse | chamber of the said training cabinet (2) A plant growing device characterized by being configured to discharge to In claim 10,
The inside air of the breeding cabinet (2) can be introduced into the cooling air passage (52) of the lighting device (4), and the air inside the cooling air passage (52) can be introduced into the breeding warehouse (2). A plant growing device characterized in that it can be discharged into a warehouse. In claim 11,
Selective introduction of outside air and inside air into the cooling air passage (52) of the lighting device (4), and selective introduction of air inside the cooling air passage (52) into the outside and inside the compartment. The plant growing device is characterized in that it controls the discharge based on the outside temperature, the inside temperature, and the temperature of the exhaust air from the cooling air passage.

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