JPS61265024A - Method and apparatus for culturing mushroom and plant - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] (Usage in industrial use) This invention is introduced in the insulation of the temperature and humidity in the thermal and humidity that can be adjusted for the cultivation method and equipment of mushrooms and plants. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cultivating mushrooms and plants, in which mushrooms are cultivated while plants are grown in a closed space, so that the respiratory action of the mushrooms and the carbon assimilation action of the plants compensate for each other.

(Prior Art and Problems) Artificial cultivation of mushrooms requires control of temperature, humidity, etc., and is therefore carried out in a closed space, generally in a heat-insulated cultivation room. In order to make this cultivation environment more similar to nature, it is desirable to introduce sunlight, but providing a sunlight intake window will impair the heat-insulating seal.

On the other hand, as a method of introducing sunlight to an appropriate location, a concentrator that collects sunlight is installed outdoors, and the sunlight is transmitted indoors from this concentrator through a light guide such as an optical fiber or optical rondo. There are known ways to guide

Additionally, plants that contain chlorophyll generally have a carbon assimilation effect that uses sunlight, CO, and water to create starch, and at this time, CO is taken in and 0. discharge.

Mushrooms perform a respiratory action that takes in 0□ and expels CO.

The inventor cultivated mushrooms and plants in a closed room using the sunlight intake device according to the method described above, and caused the respiration of the mushrooms and the carbon dioxide assimilation of the plants to occur at the same time, thereby reducing CO□ and 0. ．． He came up with the idea of mutually compensating the supply and demand relationship.

(Means for Solving the Problem) That is, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an insulated sealed room to ideally control temperature and humidity in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, and to provide sunlight while maintaining the insulated airtightness. - In order to control the growth environment of the plants, a sealed room can be set up, and if necessary, sunlight can be introduced while keeping the sealed room insulated, which can improve the respiration of mushrooms and the plants. A solar introduction device introduces sunlight into an adiabatic closed space where the temperature and humidity can be adjusted so that the carbon assimilation effects of the two can be mutually compensated, and mushrooms and plants coexist in the same adiabatic closed space. , a method for cultivating mushrooms and plants characterized by compensating the respiratory action of mushrooms and the carbon dioxide assimilation action of plants, and introducing sunlight into each of two adiabatic closed spaces where temperature and humidity can be adjusted. The device introduces sunlight,
Mushrooms are artificially cultivated in one closed space, plants are grown in the other closed space, and the side closed spaces are connected to allow air to circulate between the two closed spaces.Respiration of mushrooms and carbon dioxide assimilation of plants A method for cultivating mushrooms and plants characterized by compensating each other, artificially cultivating mushrooms by introducing sunlight using a sunlight introduction device in an insulated closed space where temperature and humidity can be adjusted, Separately, plants are grown in a closed house that allows direct sunlight to pass through, and the closed house is connected to an insulated closed space above to allow the air in the closed space on the side to circulate.Respiration of mushrooms and carbon dioxide of plants A method for cultivating mushrooms and plants characterized by compensating their assimilation effects, an adiabatic closed space capable of adjusting temperature and humidity, a device for introducing sunlight into the closed space, and an illuminance of sunlight. , a mushroom and plant cultivation device having a wavelength and/or irradiation time control device, an artificial mushroom cultivation device and a plant growth device partitioned in a closed space, and two adiabatic systems capable of controlling humidity and temperature. A sealed space, a sunlight introduction device that introduces sunlight into each sealed space, a mushroom cultivation device installed in one sealed room, a plant growth device installed in the other sealed room, and the air inside the sealed room. A mushroom and plant cultivation device having a communication means for the circulation of water; A mushroom cultivation device installed, a separate airtight house that transmits direct sunlight, and a plant growth device installed inside this house.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation device for mushrooms and plants, which has the above-mentioned closed chamber and a communication means for circulating the space inside the closed house.

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, reference numeral 100 denotes a heat-insulated cultivation chamber in which mushrooms M and plants P coexist.

Reference numeral 102 denotes a sunlight introducing device, which includes a concentrating device 104 that collects sunlight to a single point, an actuator 106 that makes this concentrating device 104 track along the trajectory of the sun, and an operating device 106 that introduces the concentrated sunlight into a sealed room. It consists of a light diffusion device, etc. that diffuses sunlight guided by a light guide made of optical fibers, optical ronds, etc. in a closed room at appropriate locations within the closed room.

The condensing device 104 may be one convex lens or a group of convex lenses to condense sunlight in one place, or a concave mirror to condense the light, and operate to track the movement of the sun. In some cases, the lens may be arranged in a pole shape to keep the condensing device fixed.

The illumination intensity or irradiation time of the guided sunlight can be controlled by providing an aperture or a shutter in the condensing device, and the wavelength of the light can also be selected by, for example, coloring the light diffusion device 110.

Since the tip light guide 108 has a diameter of about 6 mm in the case of a bundle of optical fibers, for example, it does not impair the heat-insulating point-tightness of the sealed room.

Generally, sunlight is about 30,000 lux, of which about 10,000 lux is guided by the light guide. The amount of light required for plants is about 5,000 to 10,000 lux, and the amount of light required for mushrooms is about 5 to 500 lux.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the light irradiated from the light diffusion device 110 is directly irradiated onto the plants, and the mushrooms are grown under the light with an appropriate amount of light that is received in the shade of the leaves of the plants.

When mushrooms are cultivated in such an apparatus and in the manner described above, the CO□ emitted during the mushroom cultivation process is used for the carbon dioxide assimilation of the plants, and the 0° emitted by the plants is used for the respiration of the mushrooms.

It is desirable to stir the indoor air in order to prevent the air components in the closed room from becoming uneven.

Figure 2 shows that mushrooms and plants coexist in the same sealed room, but if the mushrooms are grown in the upper part of the room and the plants are grown in the lower part of the room, sunlight guided from outside can be grown. In addition, the amount of light emitted by mushrooms can be distributed to the required degree, and since the carbon dioxide emitted by mushrooms' respiration is heavier than the carbon dioxide emitted by plants assimilating carbon dioxide, CO□ can be irradiated downward to zero. , will convect upward and the supply-demand relationship will become smoother.

Figure 3 also shows mushrooms and plants living together in the same sealed room, but the mushroom cultivation section and the plant habitat section are separated by simple partitioning means such as air curtains or films, and the This made it possible for air to circulate between the two sections.

As another example, as shown in FIG. 4, a mushroom cultivation room 120 consisting of an insulated sealed chamber for cultivating mushrooms and a plant growth chamber 112 consisting of an insulated cultivation chamber for growing plants are provided separately. , a solar light introducing device 10 for irradiating each closed room with sunlight that meets the respective growth conditions.
2a and 102b may be provided, and a communication passage 200 may be provided so that indoor air can circulate between the two sealed chambers 120 and 122.

As another example, as shown in FIG. 5, mushroom cultivation is carried out using a mushroom cultivation room 120 consisting of an insulated closed room equipped with a sunlight introducing device 102a, while the growth of plants is carried out using a general greenhouse cultivation method. Plants are grown in an airtight house 130 using a transparent film or a perforated plate that allows direct sunlight to enter the plant, while maintaining airtightness, and sometimes with considerable insulation in mind. A communication passage 200 is provided between the mushroom cultivation room 120 and the hermetic plant growth house 130 so that the air inside each room is discharged. Note 1
．． This communication passage 200 connects the lower part of the mushroom cultivation room 120 and the lower part of the plant growth house 130 with a pipe 200a, and connects the upper part of the mushroom cultivation room 120 with the closed house 1 for plant growth.
If the upper parts of the mushroom cultivation room 30 are connected with the communication pipe 200b, the convection will be smooth. Air exchange becomes smoother.

Although various embodiments have been described regarding the sunlight introducing device 102 and the communication passage 200, it goes without saying that these can be applied appropriately to any of the embodiments.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to secure a heat-insulated and sealed cultivation room in order to control the cultivation environment according to the cultivation conditions of mushrooms and plants. It is possible to introduce sunlight into the room while maintaining its natural properties, and to optimally control the amount of light, irradiation time, length, etc. as cultivation conditions. They can mutually compensate for each other by giving CO, which mushrooms emit through their respiration, to plants, resulting in various effects such as ideal growth for both.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 to 5 are schematic explanatory diagrams of a mushroom and plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, respectively. 100...Cultivation room, 102...Solar introduction device,
]02a, 102b...Solar light introduction device, 10
4... Light collecting device, 106... Actuation device, 108...
・Light guide, 110...Light diffusion device, 120...
Mushroom cultivation room, 120, 122 ... closed room, 130
... Closed house for plant growth, 200 ... Communication passageway, 200a, 200b ... Communication pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Introducing sunlight using a sunlight introducing device into an adiabatic closed space where temperature and humidity can be adjusted, allowing mushrooms and plants to coexist in the same adiabatic closed space, and improving the respiration effect of the mushrooms. A method for cultivating mushrooms and plants, characterized by compensating each other with the carbon assimilation action of the plants. 2. The method for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 1, wherein mushrooms are grown in the upper part and plants are grown in the lower part in a heat-insulating closed space. 3. The method for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 1, wherein a space for growing mushrooms and a space for growing plants in an adiabatic closed space are separated by isolation means having ventilation holes. 4. The method for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 1, in which the illumination intensity and/or irradiation time can be adjusted in the introduction of sunlight. 5. Introduce sunlight using a solar introduction device into each of two adiabatic closed spaces where the temperature and humidity can be adjusted. Mushrooms are artificially cultivated in one closed space, and plants are grown in the other closed space. A method for cultivating mushrooms and plants, characterized by communicating the closed spaces and circulating the air in both closed spaces so that the respiratory action of the mushrooms and the carbon assimilation action of the plants compensate for each other. 6. The method for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 5, wherein the illuminance, wavelength and/or irradiation time can be adjusted in the introduction of sunlight. 7. Mushrooms are artificially cultivated by introducing sunlight using a solar introduction device into an insulated closed space where temperature and humidity can be adjusted, and plants are grown separately in a closed house that transmits direct sunlight. A method for controlling mushrooms and plants, characterized in that an adiabatic closed space and a closed house are connected to each other so that the air in both the closed spaces is circulated so that the respiratory action of the mushrooms and the carbon assimilation action of the plants compensate for each other. Cultivation method. 8. The method for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 7, wherein the illuminance, wavelength and/or irradiation time can be adjusted in the introduction of sunlight. 9. An adiabatic closed space that can adjust temperature and humidity, a device for introducing sunlight into this closed space, and a device that can control the illuminance, wavelength, and/or
Or a mushroom and plant cultivation device comprising an irradiation time control device, an artificial mushroom cultivation device and a plant growth device partitioned into a closed space. 10. The apparatus for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 9, wherein the apparatus for artificially cultivating mushrooms is provided in the upper part and the apparatus for growing plants is provided in the lower part. 11. The apparatus for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claims 9 and 10, wherein the apparatus for artificially cultivating mushrooms and the apparatus for cultivating plants are isolated to allow a portion of air to flow between them. 12. Two adiabatic closed spaces that can adjust humidity and temperature, and a solar light introduction device that introduces sunlight into each closed space;
A mushroom and plant cultivation device comprising a mushroom cultivation device provided in one sealed chamber, a plant growth device provided in the other sealed chamber, and a communication means for circulating air between the two sealed chambers. 13. The mushroom and plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 12, wherein an upper communication pipe and a lower communication pipe of both sealed chambers are provided as communication means. 14. The apparatus for cultivating mushrooms and plants according to claim 13, wherein the communication pipe is inclined downwardly from the closed chamber for cultivating mushrooms to the closed chamber for growing plants. 15. An adiabatic sealed space where humidity and temperature can be adjusted, a sunlight introduction device that introduces sunlight into this sealed space, a mushroom cultivation device installed in this sealed space, and a separate device that allows direct sunlight to pass through. A mushroom and plant cultivation device comprising an airtight house, a plant growing device provided in the house, and a communication means for communicating between the airtight chamber and the space in the airtight house.