JP2010530814A - 高分子基板のバリアコーティング - Google Patents
高分子基板のバリアコーティング Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010530814A JP2010530814A JP2009551764A JP2009551764A JP2010530814A JP 2010530814 A JP2010530814 A JP 2010530814A JP 2009551764 A JP2009551764 A JP 2009551764A JP 2009551764 A JP2009551764 A JP 2009551764A JP 2010530814 A JP2010530814 A JP 2010530814A
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Abstract
Description
下文に、下記の図面と併せて様々な実施形態を説明し、この図面においては同じ数字は同じ要素を指す。
6つの交互に形成された柔らかい及び硬い層を有するバリアコーティングを有する基板の一実施形態の別の実施例では、コーティングされた基板に磨損に対する抵抗性が見られた。バリアコーティングを除氷液、ジェット燃料、メチルエチルケトン、洗浄用溶剤、アルカリ性洗浄剤、油圧油及び合成洗剤から選択される化学薬品に曝したあとに、コーティングされた基板に対して、テーバー磨耗試験ASTM D−1044−99にしたがって100サイクル試験を行った。この結果、くもり度の変化は約1%以下であった。
6つの交互に形成された柔らかい及び硬い層を有するバリアコーティングを有する基板の一実施形態の別の実施例では、バリアコーティングに対して、修正されたASTM D−790による三点曲げ試験が行われたところ、500サイクル後も、基板に亀裂又はひび割れは全く見られなかった。ASTM試験への修正は、下文の曲げ試験の実施例に示されている。
これらの比較試験を行うために、グループ1の延伸アクリル基板のサンプルには4ミクロンの厚さのポリシロキサンコーティングが塗布された。グループ2の延伸アクリル基板には、硬いプラズマコーティングが塗布され、グループ3の延伸アクリル基板には、3つの対の塗工層が含まれる重複層が塗布された。
コーティングされた基板(グループ1、グループ2&グループ3)のサンプルを、ベアガラスとベアアクリル基板とともに、視覚的なくもり度に対する砂侵食の影響を調べるために試験した。この試験は、ASTM D968−93「落下研磨剤による有機被膜の耐摩耗性の標準試験方法」に記載されている手法にしたがって実行された。これらの各試験に使用された砂の容積は5リットルであった。これらの試験に使用された砂の平均粒径は、800ミクロンである。侵食の深刻度を測定するために、くもり度の増加を判定基準として使用した。この結果を図3にまとめて示す。バリアコーティングされたサンプルでは、侵食によるダメージが一番すくなかった。このバリアコーティングされたサンプルの結果的なくもり度(15%)は、ガラスサンプルのくもり度(37%)の半分にも満たなかった。
砂で磨り減った表面上への疎水性コーティングの塗布により、アクリル基板サンプルのくもり度がさらに減少する傾向がある。例えば、疎水性コーティングが塗布された後の、重層コーティングを有するアクリル基板サンプルのくもり度は15%から7%に減少した。
サンプルに、ASTM D−1044−90「表面磨耗に対する透明プラスチックの抵抗性の標準試験方法」に記載されている手法にしたがって、磨耗試験を行った。この試験は、それぞれ500gの荷重を担持する2つのCS−10F車輪を利用する。サンプルはテーブル上に置かれ、車輪をサンプル表面上で円を描くように回転させて基板表面を磨耗させる。侵食の深刻度を測定するために、くもり度の増加を判定基準として使用する。これらの試験では、サンプルを連続的に試験し、磨耗の結果くもり度が5%増加するまでの車輪の回転数を数えた。この結果を図4に示す。バリアコーティングされたサンプルは、ポリシロキサン又は他のハードコーティングと比べて耐磨耗性の大幅な向上が見られた。
コーティング耐久性試験を、D6−82942−1「疎水性の窓コーティング試験手順」にしたがって、(1)ポリシロキサン及び(2)ハードコーティング及び(3)重層コーティングを有する3つのグループのアクリル基板試片に対して行った。これらの試験では、台車上にコックピット窓のワイパーブレードの断片を備える直線運動試験装置を、直線計測器を備えている自動化された駆動系とともに使用した。ワイパーブレードアセンブリは0.5ポンド/インチ(8.937g/mm)の線形負荷を有し、これをコーティングされたサンプル上で往復させた。試験サンプルの表面を、400メッシュの二酸化ケイ素の研磨剤(中級のアリゾナロードダストに相当)を含有する水で濡らして、コーティングの磨耗を加速させた。コーティングの耐久性は、サンプルのくもり度に1%の変化を起こすのに要するワイパーブレードの往復数を測定することによって評価した。結果を図5にまとめて示す。ポリシロキサンのコーティングはたった13000サイクルしか続かなかったが、重層バリアコーティングされたサンプルは、くもり度に1%の変化が起きるまで155000サイクルを要した。
修正されたASTM D−790試験手順を使用して、コーティングされたサンプルの曲げ試験を行った。コーティング(グループ1&2)を有する1インチ×12インチ×0.5インチの寸法のサンプルに、図6に示すように三点曲げ試験を行った。各サンプル600を、サンプルの各端部から約1インチのところに配置された支持材610上に置いた。質量650によってサンプル600の中央に負荷Pを加えた。ハードコーティングの側面620はこの図では下向きとなっている。水中の75重量パーセントの硫酸でできた薄膜を、ガラス繊維フィルターとカプトンテープを使用してコーティング620に接着した。試験サンプル600に、図7に示す周期的な負荷/温度プロファイルを加えた。温度は−80°Fと130°Fの間を繰り返し循環させ、これらの各温度限界において温度を10分間一定に保持した。図7から分かるように、サンプルの温度は70°Fから開始し、約15分間の間に−80°Fまで冷却した。次にサンプルの温度を10分間−80°Fに保持し、約20分間の間に130°Fまで再加熱した。サンプルの温度を10分間130°Fに保ち、約20分間の間に−80°Fまで冷却した。次に−80°Fと130°Fの間のこのサイクルを繰り返した。負荷Pも周期的に加えた。負荷Pはゼロから始まり、温度が−80°Fに達したときにP=3600psiまで増加させた。負荷をこのレベルに維持し、温度が上昇して70°Fに達した時にゼロまで低下させた。温度が130°Fから低下するときに負荷をゼロから増加して、温度が70°Fになったときに3600psiまで増加した。この負荷を−80°Fの10分の滞留期間中維持し、次の加熱サイクルにおいて70°Fでゼロとなるように下げた。この試験は、コーティングに亀裂が生じる、又は表面にひび割れができる(どちらかでも最初に起きたとき)まで継続された。この結果、ポリシロキサンコーティングは50サイクルで不具合が生じたのに対し、重層バリアコーティングは500サイクル以後も亀裂又はひび割れが生じないことが分かった。
ポリシロキサン(グループ1)と重層バリアコーティング(グループ2)を有する延伸アクリル基板のサンプルを、航空機の整備に通常使用される化学薬品に接触させた。サンプルを24時間各化学薬品に接触させ(例外:MEKへの曝露は4時間)、その後磨耗による接着性((修正されたASTM D3330−BSS7225)タイプ1及び3(乾式及び湿式))とくもり度の割合変化(ASTM D−1044−90)を試験した。重層コーティングを有するサンプルでは、図8に示すような乾式接着(接着指数によって表示される)又は図9に示すような湿式接着(接着指数によって表示される)における機能低下は見られなかった。
Claims (21)
- コーティングされた高分子基板であって、
第1の表面を有する高分子基板本体と、
第1の表面上のコーティング
を含み、該コーティングが、
各々の対が第1に塗布された塗工層と第2に塗布された塗工層を含む、一つより多くの対の塗工層
を備える基板。 - 第1に塗布された塗工層がポリシロキサンを含む、請求項1に記載の基板。
- 第2に塗布された塗工層が、プラズマ助長化学蒸着で塗布された塗工層、又は電子ビーム蒸着された塗工層を含み、第2に塗布された塗工層が第1に塗布された塗工層よりも硬い、請求項1に記載の基板。
- 第2に塗布された塗工層がSiOxCyを含み、xの範囲が1.0〜1.2であり、yの範囲が1.0〜0.8である、請求項1に記載の基板。
- 高分子基板本体とコーティングの両方が、人間の視覚の波長領域の光において光学的に透明である、請求項1に記載の基板。
- 高分子基板本体の第1の表面上のコーティングの、D6−82942−1に基づくワイパー磨耗耐久性試験を行った際の155000サイクル後のくもり度の変化が、約1%以下である、請求項5に記載の基板。
- 高分子基板本体の第1の表面上のコーティングの、ASTM1044−05に基づくテーバー磨耗試験を行った際の40000サイクル後のくもり度の変化が、約5%以下である、請求項5に記載の基板。
- 高分子基板本体の第1の表面上のコーティングの、平均粒径800ミクロンの砂を約5リットル使用して、ASTM D968−93に基づく砂侵食試験を行った際のくもり度の変化が、約15%以下である、請求項5に記載の基板。
- 高分子基板本体が、延伸アクリル又はポリカーボネートを含む航空機のフロントガラスを備える、請求項5に記載の基板。
- 第1に塗布した塗工層の厚さが、約4〜5マイクロメータの範囲である、請求項4に記載の基板。
- 塗工層の上に、又は塗工層の間に指標層をさらに含み、該指標層によりコーティングの磨耗の兆候が示される、請求項1に記載の基板。
- 該指標層が金属製の塗工層又は疎水性の塗工層を含む、請求項11に記載の基板。
- 航空機のフロントガラスのサイズ及び形状に構成され、航空機のフロントガラスの外表面に対応する第1の表面を有する高分子基板本体と、
第1の表面上のコーティングを備え、該コーティングが、
各々の対が第1に塗布された塗工層と第2に塗布された塗工層を含む、一つより多くの対の塗工層と、
塗工層の上に、又は塗工層の間に塗布され、コーティングの磨耗の兆候を示す指標層
を含み、
該コーティングが、除氷液、ジェット燃料、メチルエチルケトン、洗浄用溶剤、アルカリ性洗浄剤、油圧油及び合成洗剤から選択される化学薬品に曝された後に、テーバー磨耗試験ASTM D−1044−99にしたがって100サイクル試験を行った結果、くもり度の変化が約1%以下である、高分子基板。 - 第1に塗布された塗工層がポリシロキサンを含む、請求項13に記載の基板。
- 第2に塗布された塗工層が、プラズマ助長化学蒸着で塗布された塗工層、又は電子ビーム蒸着された塗工層を含み、第2に塗布された塗工層が第1に塗布された塗工層よりも硬い、請求項13に記載の基板。
- 第2に塗布された塗工層がSiOxCyを含み、xの範囲が1.0〜1.2であり、yの範囲が1.0〜0.8である、請求項13に記載の基板。
- コーティングの、D6−82942−1に基づくワイパー磨耗耐久性試験を行った際の155000サイクル後のくもり度の変化が、約1%以下である、請求項13に記載の基板。
- コーティングの、平均粒径800ミクロンの砂を約5リットル使用して、ASTM D968−93に基づく砂侵食試験を行った際のくもり度の変化が、約15%以下である、請求項5に記載の基板。
- 航空機のフロントガラスを試験する方法であって、
高分子組成を含み、外部表面上にコーティングを有する航空機のフロントガラスを調べるステップを含み、該コーティングが、
各々の対が第1に塗布された塗工層と第2に塗布された塗工層を含む一つよりも多い対の塗工層と、
塗工層の上に、又は塗工層の間に塗布され、コーティングの磨耗の兆候を示す指標層
を含み、
指標層に基づいて、航空機のフロントガラスが整備、交換又は修理を必要としているかどうかを決定するステップ
を含む方法。 - 指標層が、疎水性のコーティングを含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 指標層が、金属製のコーティングを含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
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JP5300745B2 (ja) | 2013-09-25 |
WO2008134096A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
KR20100014810A (ko) | 2010-02-11 |
US20140065395A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 |
US9403992B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
CN101802108A (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
US20110117347A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
US20100116045A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
KR101455882B1 (ko) | 2014-11-03 |
US7878054B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
EP2125971A1 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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