JP2010520154A - 神経変性疾患のためのampaレセプターアンタゴニストおよびnmdaレセプターアンタゴニスト - Google Patents
神経変性疾患のためのampaレセプターアンタゴニストおよびnmdaレセプターアンタゴニスト Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010520154A JP2010520154A JP2009537341A JP2009537341A JP2010520154A JP 2010520154 A JP2010520154 A JP 2010520154A JP 2009537341 A JP2009537341 A JP 2009537341A JP 2009537341 A JP2009537341 A JP 2009537341A JP 2010520154 A JP2010520154 A JP 2010520154A
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- pharmaceutically acceptable
- acceptable salt
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- dihydropyridin
- pyridyl
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条のもとUS仮出願番号60/904,781(2007年3月5日出願)の優先権を主張する。上記仮出願の開示は、その全体が本明細書において参考として組み込まれる。
本発明は、AMPAレセプターアンタゴニストおよびNMDAレセプターアンタゴニストを含む医薬組成物、組合せならびにキットを提供し、AMPAレセプターアンタゴニストおよびNMDAレセプターアンタゴニストを使用して疾患を治療する方法を提供する。
コリンエステラーゼインヒビターは、アルツハイマー病およびアルツハイマー型の老人認知症などの認知症を治療するために従来から使用されている。N−メチル−D−アスパラギン酸(NMDA)レセプターアンタゴニストを含む他の薬物もまた使用されている。それにもかかわらず、新規な薬物および治療方法が必要とされている。
本発明は、(i)少なくとも1種のAMPAレセプターアンタゴニストおよび(ii)少なくとも1種のNMDAレセプターアンタゴニストを投与することによって、アルツハイマー病の治療および/または予防を必要とする患者において、アルツハイマー病を治療および/または予防するための方法を提供する。本発明は、(i)少なくとも1種のAMPAレセプターアンタゴニストおよび(ii)少なくとも1種のNMDAレセプターアンタゴニストを投与することによって、アルツハイマー病の発症を遅らせるための方法を提供する。予想外なことに、AMPAレセプターアンタゴニストとNMDAレセプターアンタゴニストとの併用が、アルツハイマー病の治療および/または予防において、ならびにアルツハイマー病の発症の遅延において、相乗的な効果を生じることが見出された。
(1)(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩;および
(iii)1以上の医薬的に許容可能なキャリア
を含む医薬組成物。
(2)前記医薬組成物が、(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療するために使用される、(1)に記載の医薬組成物。
(3)(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩
を含む組合せ。
(4)上記組合せが、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、(3)に記載の組合せ。
(5)前記組合せが、(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療するために使用される、(3)に記載の組合せ。
(6)
(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩;および
(iii)(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;もしくは(f)疼痛を治療および/または予防するため、あるいは(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;もしくは(f)疼痛の発症を遅らせるための、同時、別々または連続してそれらを使用するための指示書
を含むキット。
(7)(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩が、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、(6)に記載のキット。
(8)(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療する医薬組成物を製造するための、
(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩
の使用。
(9)(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩が、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、(8)に記載の使用。
(10)(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療するための方法であって、
(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩を治療が必要な患者に投与する工程
を含む、前記方法。
(11)(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩が、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、(10)に記載の方法。
(12)(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛の治療における、(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩。
「患者」とは、動物、好ましくは哺乳動物、より好ましくはヒトをいう。用語「患者」には、男性および女性が含まれ、成人、小児および乳幼児を含む。1つの実施形態において、上記患者は、イヌまたはネコなどの愛玩用動物でもよい。
(式中、Qは、NH、OまたはSであり;R1、R2、R3、R4およびR5は、それぞれ独立して、水素、ハロゲン、C1-6アルキルまたは-X-Aであり;Xは、単結合、必要により置換されたC1-6アルキレン、必要により置換されたC2-6アルケニレン、必要により置換されたC2-6 アルキニレン、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-SO-、-SO2-、-N(R6)-、-N(R7)-CO-、-CO-N(R8)-、-N(R9)-CH2-、-CH2-N(R10)-、-CH2-CO-、-CO-CH2-、-N(R11)-S(O)m-、-S(O)n-N(R12)-、-CH2-S(O)p-、-S(O)q-CH2-、-CH2-O-、-O-CH2-、-N(R13)-CO-N(R14)-または-N(R15)-CS-N(R16)-であり;R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15およびR16は、それぞれ独立して、水素、C1-6アルキルまたはC1-6アルコキシであり;m、n、pおよびqは、それぞれ独立して0、1または2の整数であり;Aは、必要により置換されたC3-8シクロアルキル、必要により置換されたC3-8シクロアルケニル、必要により置換された5〜14員の非芳香族へテロ環式環、必要により置換されたC6-14芳香族炭化水素環式環(hydrocarbocyclic ring)または必要により置換された5〜14員の芳香族ヘテロ環式環であり;但し、R1、R2、R3、R4およびR5 のなかの3つの基は-X-Aであり;R1、R2、R3、R4およびR5のなかの残りの2つの基は、独立して水素、ハロゲンまたはC1-6アルキルである)
であってよい。
(式中、QはNH、OまたはSであり;X1、X2およびX3は、それぞれ独立して、単結合、必要により置換されたC1-6アルキレン、必要により置換されたC2-6アルケニレン、必要により置換されたC2-6アルキニレン、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-SO-、-SO2-、-N(R6)- 、-N(R7)-CO-、-CO-N(R8)-、-N(R9)-CH2-、-CH2-N(R10)-、-CH2-CO-、-CO-CH2-、-N(R11)-S(O)m-、-S(O)n-N(R12)-、-CH2-S(O)p-、-S(O)q-CH2-、-CH2-O-、-O-CH2-、-N(R13)-CO-N(R14)-または-N(R15)-CS-N(R16)であり;R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15およびR16は、それぞれ独立して、水素、C1-6アルキルまたはC1-6アルコキシであり;m、n、pおよびqは、それぞれ独立して0、1または2の整数であり;A1、A2およびA3は、それぞれ独立して、必要により置換されたC3-8シクロアルキル、必要により置換されたC3-8シクロアルケニル、必要により置換された5〜14員の非芳香族ヘテロ環式環、必要により置換されたC6-14芳香族炭化水素環式環または必要により置換された5〜14員の芳香族ヘテロ環式環であり;そしてR17およびR18は、それぞれ独立して、水素、ハロゲンまたはC1-6アルキルである)
であってもよい。
(これらのうちのいずれも、必要により置換され得る)から選択される)を提供する。別の実施形態において、本発明は、式(II)の化合物(式中、A1、A2およびA3は、それぞれ独立して、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、アミノまたはニトリルで置換される)を提供する。別の実施形態において、本発明は、式(II)の化合物(式中、A1、A2およびA3は、それぞれ独立して、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、アミノ、ニトリルまたはニトロである)を提供する。別の実施形態において、本発明は、式(II)の化合物(式中、Qは酸素である)を提供する。
(式中、X1、X2、X3、A1、A2、A3、R17およびR18は、上記の式(II)の化合物において定義された意味と同じ意味を有する)
であってもよい。
(これらの各々は、必要により置換され得る)から選択される)を提供する。別の実施形態において、本発明は、式(III)の化合物(式中、A1、A2およびA3における置換基の結合部位は、それぞれ、基X1、X2およびX3に結合する炭素原子のα位である)を提供する。別の実施形態において、本発明は、式(III)の化合物(式中、X1、X2およびX3は単結合である)を提供する。別の実施形態において、本発明は、式(III)の化合物(式中、R7およびR18は水素である)を提供する。
化合物AについてのIUPAC名称は、2-(2-オキソ-1-フェニル-5-ピリジン-2-イル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-3-イル)ベンゾニトリルである。化合物Aは、3-(2-シアノフェニル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1-フェニル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オンと呼ばれる場合もある。化合物Aは、ペランパネル(perampanel)としても公知である。
ピリジン-2-オン;3-(2-シアノフェニル)-1-(3-ヒドロキシフェニル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-(2-シアノフェニル)-1-[3-(4-ピペリジルオキシ)]フェニル-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;1-[3-(N-アセチルピペリジン-4-イル-オキシ)フェニル]-3-(2-シアノフェニル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-(2-シアノフェニル)-1-{3-[1-(メタンスルホニル)ピペリジン-4-イル-オキシ]フェニル}-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;1-[3-(N-メチルピペリジン-4-イル-オキシ)フェニル]-3-(2-シアノフェニル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-(6-クロロ-1H-ベンズイミダゾール-2-イル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1-フェニル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-(2-シアノフェニル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1-(2-ニトロトルエン-4-イル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-(2-シアノチオフェン-3-イル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1-フェニル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-[2-(5-オキサゾリル)フェニル]-1-フェニル-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;3-[2-(5-オキサゾリル)チオフェン-3-イル]-1-フェニル-5-(2-ピリジル)-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン;および3-(2-エトキシカルボニルビニルチオフェン-3-イル)-5-(2-ピリジル)-1-フェニル-1,2-ジヒドロピリジン-2-オン。
(式中、R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立して、水素または直鎖もしくは分岐鎖のC1-6アルキル基であるか、あるいは、R1およびR2は、窒素原子とともにC5-6ヘテロ環式環を形成し;R3およびR4は、それぞれ独立して、水素、直鎖もしくは分岐鎖の C1-6 アルキル基、C5-6シクロアルキル基またはフェニルであり;かつR5は、水素または直鎖もしくは分岐鎖のC1-6アルキル基である)
、その医薬的に許容可能な塩、その立体異性体またはその立体異性体の医薬的に許容可能な塩である。1つの実施形態において、R1、R2、R3、R4およびR5は、同時に水素原子ではない。1つの実施形態において、上記医薬的に許容可能な塩は、医薬的に許容可能な酸付加塩である。例示的な分岐鎖または直鎖のC1-6アルキル基としては、メチル、エチル、iso-プロピル、n-プロピル、n-ブチル、iso-ブチル、t-ブチル、n-ペンチル、n-ヘキシルおよびその異性体が含まれる。
(式中、R1はアミノ基または
であり;ここで、X1およびX2は、それぞれ独立して水素またはC1-5脂肪族基であり;R2〜R16 は、それぞれ独立して水素または鎖状のC1-5脂肪族基であり、R4およびR10は、代替的および独立して、水素であってもアシル基であってもよい)
、その医薬的に許容可能な塩、その立体異性体またはその立体異性体の医薬的に許容可能な塩である。
である(式中、X1は水素であり、X2はメチルである))。
[皮質細胞の培養]
皮質細胞の培養物をWistar系の胎児ラット(在胎齢:17〜19日、Charles River Japan、Kanagawa、Japan)から調製した。皮質を切開し、2% B27補充物(Invitrogen)、25 μM 2-メルカプトエタノール(Wako)、0.5 mM L-グルタミン(Invitrogen)および×1/100容量の抗生物質−抗真菌物質(antibiotic-antimycotic)(Invitrogen)を含むNeurobasal培地(Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA, USA)に入れ、次いで、0.25%トリプシン(Invitrogen)および0.2 mg/mlデオキシリボヌクレアーゼ(DNase)(Sigma)を含むCa2+/Mg2+非含有ハンクス塩溶液(HBSS;10 mM HEPES、pH 7.3)中で、37oCで30分間インキュベートした。軽くすりつぶすことによって、皮質組織を1種の細胞(single cell)まで分離させた。310×gで3分間細胞懸濁液を遠心分離し、得られたペレットを上記に記載の培地に再懸濁した。
ポリ-L-リジン(Sigma)でコーティングした96ウェルプレートに、初期細胞密度5×105細胞/cm2で細胞をまいた。上記に記載のNeurobasal培地中、細胞を37oC、CO2インキュベータ(5%(v/v))内で7日間培養し、その後の4日は、抗酸化物質B27補充物および2-メルカプトエタノールを含まない培養培地で培養した。100 μMのN-メチル-D-アスパラギン酸(NMDA)(Sigma)および100 μMのカイニン酸(Sigma)に、37oCで24時間この培養物をさらした。ペランパネル(0.03、0.3、3または30 μM)およびメマンチンHCl(0.1、1、10または100 μM)により、細胞を処理した(これらのアゴニストへ細胞をさらす24時間前およびアゴニストへ細胞をさらしている間)。併用実験では、ペランパネル(3 μM)またはメマンチン(10 μM)またはその組合せを用いた。
96ウェルプレートで増殖させた細胞の生存率を、3-[4,5-ジメチルチアゾール-2-イル]-2,5-ジフェニルテトラゾリウムブロマイド(MTT)アッセイによって測定した。各ウェルに、10 μlの8 mg/ml MTT(Sigma)溶液(D-PBS(-)中(Dulbeccoリン酸緩衝化食塩水、Sigma))を添加した。37oCでの10分間のインキュベーションの間、生きているミトコンドリア中の活性化デヒドロゲナーゼによってMTTのテトラゾリウム環が還元されて、青色の沈殿物を生じさせる。細胞を溶解し、20%ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(SDS:Wako)を含む100 μlのMTT可溶化緩衝剤(50% N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド中、pH 4.7)中に沈殿物を溶かし、550〜690 nmでの分光光度によって定量した。
培地とMTT溶液とのみを含んで細胞を含まないウェルを測定してバックグラウンド値を得て、以下のように550〜690 nmでの測定値からこの値を差し引いた:
回収%=(サンプル−NMDA/カイニン酸処理コントロール)/(非処理のコントロール−NMDA/カイニン酸処理コントロール)×100
ソフトウェアパッケージSAS ver. 8.2(SAS Institute Japan Ltd., Tokyo, Japan)を用いて、一元配置分散分析(ANOVA)、次いでDunnett多重比較検定により得られたデータを分析した。
ペランパネルおよびメマンチンは、カイニン酸とNMDAとによる併用処理によって誘導される興奮毒性からニューロンを保護した(図1A、B)。このアッセイにおいて、ペランパネルとメマンチンとの併用は、相加効果を超える効果を引き起こした(図2)。
図1:
A:カイニン酸とNMDAとの併用によって引き起こされるニューロン損傷に対するペランパネルの効果
B:カイニン酸とNMDAとの併用によって引き起こされるニューロン損傷に対するメマンチンの効果
#はコントロール vs 薬物、Dunnett多重比較検定によりP<0.05である。
図2:
カイニン酸とNMDAとの併用によって誘導されるニューロン損傷に対するペランパネル、メマンチンの単独および併用療法の効果
#はコントロール vs 薬物、Dunnett多重比較検定によりP<0.05である。*は薬物単独 vs 併用療法、P<0.05である。
当業者は、添付の特許請求の範囲の趣旨または範囲から逸脱することなく、本発明に対して種々の改変がなされ得ることを理解する。
Claims (12)
- (i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩;および
(iii)1以上の医薬的に許容可能なキャリア
を含む医薬組成物。 - 前記医薬組成物が、(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療するために使用される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- (i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩
を含む組合せ。 - 上記組合せが、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、請求項3に記載の組合せ。
- 前記組合せが、(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療するために使用される、請求項3に記載の組合せ。
- (i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩;および
(iii)(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;もしくは(f)疼痛を治療および/または予防するため、あるいは(a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;もしくは(f)疼痛の発症を遅らせるための、同時、別々または連続してそれらを使用するための指示書
を含むキット。 - (i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩が、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、請求項6に記載のキット。
- (a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療する医薬組成物を製造するための、
(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および
(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩
の使用。 - (i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩が、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、請求項8に記載の使用。
- (a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛を治療するための方法であって、
(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩を治療が必要な患者に投与する工程
を含む、前記方法。 - (i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩が、患者に別々に投与されるか、または患者に医薬組成物の形態で投与される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- (a)神経変性疾患;(b)認知症;(c)軽度認知機能障害;(d)緑内障;(e)高眼圧症;または(f)疼痛の治療における、(i)ペランパネル、医薬的に許容可能なその塩、その水和物、または医薬的に許容可能なその塩の水和物;および(ii)メマンチンまたは医薬的に許容可能なその塩。
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PCT/JP2008/054422 WO2008111590A2 (en) | 2007-03-05 | 2008-03-05 | Ampa and nmda receptor antagonists for neurodegenerative diseases |
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US (1) | US20100099714A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2131828A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2010520154A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008111590A2 (ja) |
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