JP2010248888A - Sound insulation material, manufacturing method thereof and sound insulation structure of rail - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sound insulation material, which is excellent in weatherability and an electric-insulation property with reduced weight and high degree performance of the sound insulation material, so as to reduce noise generated from a rail, and to provide a manufacturing method thereof and a sound insulation structure of the rail. <P>SOLUTION: The sound insulation materials 10A, 10B are members for reducing the noise with internal sound absorbing materials 10a and external sound-absorbing materials 10b, are fixed detachably to sleepers 2 at intervals respectively between right and left side faces of the rail 6a, so that the noise emitted from the rail 6a due to vibrations of the rail 6a is reduced. The internal sound absorbing material 10a is the sound-absorbing material lighter than the outer sound-absorbing material 10b, and is formed of a high performance inorganic fiber, a metal fiber, an organic foaming, which are excellent in sound absorbability, or any combination of these. The external sound-absorbing material 10b is harder than the internal sound-absorbing material 10a, is a porous sound absorbing material having weatherability and electric insulation properties, and is formed by using an inorganic particles binder combining inorganic particles with a resin binder. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a soundproofing material that reduces noise by an inner sound absorbing material and an outer sound absorbing material that covers the surface of the inner sound absorbing material, a manufacturing method thereof, and a soundproofing structure for a rail that reduces noise generated by rail vibration.

  In the conventional soundproof structure of a rail, a mortar vibration damping material made of a mixture of rubber or synthetic resin and mortar is bonded to the rail abdomen (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In such a conventional rail soundproof structure, vibration generated from the rail when the vehicle passes on the rail is suppressed by the mortar damping material, and noise from the rail is reduced.

JP 52-109206 A

  Railways employ a rail joint structure in which joint plates are fixed to both side surfaces of the rail, and the joint portions of the rails are connected by these joint plates. In such a rail joint structure, a gap (joint gap) is formed at the connecting portion between the ends of the rail, so that an impact occurs when the wheel of the railway vehicle passes through the rail joint, and the rail Rolling noise is generated by the vibration of.

  In the conventional soundproof structure of the rail, it is necessary to fix the mortar vibration damping material to the rail abdomen with an adhesive. For this reason, in the conventional rail soundproof structure, if the mortar-type damping material is fixed to the joints of the rail with an adhesive so as to cover the joint plate, the mortar-type damping material is removed when the rail is replaced or inspected. There is a problem that it cannot be easily removed from the seam portion of the slab, making replacement work and inspection work difficult. In addition, in the conventional rail soundproof structure, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the mortar vibration damping material in order to enhance the vibration damping effect. As the thickness increases, the weight also increases. There is a problem that it cannot be firmly fixed to the joint portion.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a soundproofing material that is excellent in weather resistance and electrical insulation, can reduce noise generated from the rail by a light weight and high-level soundproofing material, a manufacturing method thereof, and a soundproofing structure of the rail. .

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the solving means described below.
In addition, although the code | symbol corresponding to embodiment of this invention is attached | subjected and demonstrated, it is not limited to this embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, the invention of claim 1 is a soundproofing material that reduces noise by an inner sound absorbing material (10a) and an outer sound absorbing material (10b) that covers the surface of the inner sound absorbing material. The inner sound absorbing material is a lighter sound absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound absorbing material, and the outer sound absorbing material is a porous sound absorbing material that is harder than the inner sound absorbing material and has weather resistance and electrical insulation. The soundproofing material (10A, 10B).

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the soundproofing material according to the first aspect, wherein the porous sound absorbing material is an inorganic particle binder formed by bonding inorganic particles with a resin binder. It is.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the soundproofing material according to the first or second aspect, wherein the inner sound absorbing material is an inorganic fiber-based, metal fiber-based or organic foam-based sound absorbing material. It is.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the soundproofing material according to any one of the first to third aspects, as shown in FIGS. 12, 13, 15, and 16, the outer sound absorbing material is externally provided. The soundproofing material is characterized by comprising a soundproofing material (10e) that blocks radiated noise.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the soundproofing material according to the fourth aspect, the sound insulating material is bonded to a surface opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side facing the sound source. Soundproofing material.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the soundproofing material according to any one of the first to third aspects, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, noise transmitted from the inner sound absorbing material to the outer sound absorbing material is reduced. The soundproofing material is characterized by comprising a soundproofing material (10e) for shielding.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the soundproofing material according to the sixth aspect, wherein the soundproofing material is embedded between the inner sound absorbing material and the outer sound absorbing material.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the soundproof material according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the soundproof material is a synthetic resin-based or rubber-based soundproof material. It is.

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 11, and 12 to 19, the invention of claim 9 includes an inner sound absorbing material (10 a) and an outer sound absorbing material (10 b) that covers the surface of the inner sound absorbing material. A method of manufacturing a soundproofing material (10A, 10B) for reducing noise, wherein the inner sound absorbing material is a light weight sound absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound absorbing material, and the outer sound absorbing material is harder than the inner sound absorbing material. It is a porous sound-absorbing material having weather resistance and electrical insulation, and includes a covering step (# 100) for covering the surface of the lightweight sound-absorbing material with the porous sound-absorbing material. .

  The invention according to claim 10 is the method for producing a soundproof material according to claim 9, wherein the covering step includes applying a surface of the light-weight sound-absorbing material with an inorganic particle binder formed by binding inorganic particles with a resin binder. It is a manufacturing method of a soundproof material characterized by including the process of coat | covering.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing a soundproofing material according to the tenth aspect, the covering step includes mixing the inorganic particles and the resin binder around the lightweight sound absorbing material in a molding die. A method for producing a soundproofing material, comprising: filling, curing the resin binder, and covering the surface of the light-weight sound absorbing material with the inorganic particle binder.

  The invention of claim 12 is the method for producing a soundproof material according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the covering step is a lightweight sound absorbing material of inorganic fiber type, metal fiber type or organic foam type. A method for producing a soundproofing material, comprising the step of covering the surface with the porous sound absorbing material.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the method of manufacturing a soundproofing material according to any one of the ninth to twelfth aspects, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, the covering step includes the outer sound absorbing material ( 10b) includes a step of covering the surface of the outer sound-absorbing material with a sound-insulating material (10e) that blocks noise radiated from the outside.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a soundproof material according to the thirteenth aspect, the covering step joins the sound insulating material to a surface opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side facing the sound source. It is a manufacturing method of a soundproof material characterized by including a process.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing a soundproofing material according to any one of the ninth to twelfth aspects, as shown in FIGS. 17 to 19, the covering step is performed from the inner sound absorbing material. A method of manufacturing a soundproofing material, comprising a step of covering the surface of the inner sound absorbing material with a sound insulating material that blocks noise transmitted to the outer sound absorbing material.

  The invention of claim 16 is the method of manufacturing a soundproof material according to claim 15, wherein the covering step includes a step of embedding the sound insulating material between the inner sound absorbing material and the outer sound absorbing material. This is a method of covering the soundproofing material.

  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a soundproofing material according to any one of the thirteenth to sixteenth aspects, the covering step includes: It is a manufacturing method of a soundproof material characterized by including the process of coat | covering.

  The invention of claim 18 is a rail soundproof structure for reducing noise generated by vibration of the rails (6A, 6B) as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. The soundproofing material (10A, 10B) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is provided, and the soundproofing material reduces the noise by providing a gap with a side surface of the rail. This is a rail soundproof structure (9).

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in the soundproof structure for a rail according to the eighteenth aspect, as shown in FIGS. 12, 13, 15, and 16, the structure according to any one of the fourth to eighth aspects is provided. A sound insulating material (10e), and the sound insulating material covers the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side facing the side surface of the rail,
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by.

  According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in the soundproof structure for a rail according to the nineteenth aspect, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the sound insulating material has the same height as the outer sound absorbing material. The soundproof structure.

  According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, in the soundproof structure for a rail according to the nineteenth aspect, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the sound insulating material is a building limit (which is a limit on a track that limits construction of a structure). The rail soundproof structure is characterized by being higher than the outer sound absorbing material within the range of L).

  According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in the soundproof structure for the rail according to the eighteenth aspect, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the sound insulating material (10e) according to the seventh or eighth aspect is provided, Is a soundproof structure for a rail, which is embedded between the inner sound absorbing material and the outer sound absorbing material so as to cover a surface opposite to the surface of the inner sound absorbing material on the side close to the rail. is there.

  According to the present invention, the noise generated from the rail can be reduced by the lightweight and high-level soundproofing material which is excellent in weather resistance and electrical insulation.

It is a top view of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the side view seen from the II direction of FIG. It is the side view seen from the III direction of FIG. It is the front view seen from the IV direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the VV line of FIG. It is process drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the soundproof material which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the side view seen from the VIII direction of FIG. It is the side view seen from the IX direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the XX line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state cut | disconnected by the XI-XI line of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the sleeper with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the slab plate | board with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is process drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the soundproof material which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the sleeper with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the slab plate with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the sleeper with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the slab plate | board with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is process drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the soundproof material which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the change of the sound absorption coefficient of the soundproof material which concerns on the Example and comparative example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the time waveform of the vibration acceleration when the soundproof material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed, and when it does not install. It is a graph which shows the result of FRP of the vibration speed when the soundproof material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed, and when it does not install. It is a graph which shows the time waveform of the radiation sound when the soundproof material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed, and when it does not install. It is a graph which shows the result of FRP of the radiated sound when the soundproof material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed, and when it does not install. It is a graph which shows the radiation sound level value when not installing the case where the soundproofing material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed. It is a graph which shows the traveling speed dependence of the noise level peak value when not installing the soundproof material which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the 1/3 octave band analysis in the speed of 40 km / h when the soundproofing material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed, and when not installing. It is a graph which shows the noise level value when not installing when the soundproof material which concerns on the Example of this invention is installed.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a soundproof structure for a rail according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view seen from the II direction of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view seen from the III direction of FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view seen from the IV direction of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state cut along line VV in FIG. In FIGS. 1 to 5, only one of the left and right rails is illustrated, and the other rail is not illustrated.

  The wheel 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is a member that makes rotational contact with the rails 6A and 6B shown in FIGS. The wheel 1 includes a tread surface 1a that is in contact with the top surface 6d of the rail head portion 6a and receives frictional resistance, and a flange surface 1b that is continuously formed on the outer periphery of the wheel 1 in order to prevent derailment. Yes.

  The sleeper 2 shown in FIGS. 1-3 is a support body (support body) which supports rail 6A, 6B. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sleeper 2 fixes the left and right rails 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B to accurately maintain the distance between the rails and distributes the train load transmitted from the rails 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B to the road bed 3. It is installed between the rails 6A and 6B and the road bed 3. The sleeper 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a horizontal sleeper (parallel sleeper used in a general section) laid side by side at right angles to the rails 6A and 6B, and is a steel material used as a tension material ( Prestressing steel (PC)) Prestressed concrete sleepers (PC sleepers) prestressed. The sleepers 2 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the rails 6A and 6B, and support the rails 6A and 6B discretely.

  A road bed 3 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is a structure that supports the sleeper 2 and distributes and transmits a load to the roadbed. The road bed 3 is a ballast road bed constituted by a ballast 3a, and the ballast 3a is a granular material such as gravel or crushed stone spread between the sleeper 2 and the roadbed.

  The rail fastening device 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 is a device for fastening the rails 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B to the sleeper 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the rail fastening device 4 includes an elastic track pad 4a that is inserted between the rails 6A and 6B and the sleeper 2 to electrically insulate them, and rail bottom portions of the rails 6A and 6B. A clip 4b made of nylon that presses the bottom upper surface 6e and the bottom side surface 6g of 6b, a thin plate spring steel pressing plate spring 4c that presses the clip 4b against the bottom upper surface 6e, and an embedded plug (not shown) embedded in the sleeper 2 A fastening bolt 4d that meshes with the female thread portion of the screw, a fastening nut 4e that is attached to the fastening bolt 4d and fastens the holding plate spring 4c, and a washer 4f that is sandwiched between the fastening nut 4e and the holding plate spring 4c. This is a mold fastening device. The rail fastening device 4 fastens the rails 6A and 6B to the sleeper 2 with a pressing plate spring 4c, and absorbs vibration generated when the railway vehicle passes by the track pad 4a.

  The joint structure 5 shown in FIG. 1 is a structure in which joint plates 7A and 7B are fixed to both sides of the joint portions of the rails 6A and 6B, and the joint portions are connected by the joint plates 7A and 7B. The seam structure 5 is, for example, a normal seam in which a pair of seam plates 7A and 7B are put on the rail abdomen 6c, assembled by the seam plate bolts 8a and nuts 8b, and the rail ends are butted together. In the joint structure 5, in order to absorb the temperature expansion and contraction of the rails 6A and 6B to some extent, a gap (seam play) is set at a predetermined appropriate value at the joint portion of the joint portion of the rails 6A and 6B. The joint structure 5 includes rails 6A and 6B, joint plates 7A and 7B, a fastening member 8, and the like.

  Rails 6A and 6B shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are members that support and guide the wheels 1 of the railway vehicle to run the railway vehicle. The rails 6A and 6B have the same structure, and are abutted with a gap in a state where the ends are cut at right angles. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rails 6A and 6B include a rail head portion 6a, a rail bottom portion (flange portion) 6b, a rail abdomen portion (web portion) 6c, and the like. The rail head portion 6a is a portion that contacts the wheel 1 of the railway vehicle, and includes a top surface (head upper surface) 6d that directly supports the wheel 1 and the like. The rail bottom 6b is a part that is installed on and attached to the sleeper 2. The bottom upper surface 6e that is pressed by the clip 4b of the rail fastening device 4, the bottom lower surface 6f that is installed on the sleeper 2, and the rail bottom The bottom side surface 6g constituting the left and right side portions of 6b is provided. The rail abdomen 6c is a part that connects the rail head part 6a and the rail bottom part 6b, and transmits the wheel load and press acting on the rail head part 6a to the rail bottom part 6b. The rail abdomen 6c includes an abdomen side surface 6h to which the joint plates 7A and 7B are attached.

  The joint plates 7A and 7B shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 are members that are fixed to both side surfaces of the rail abdomen 6c at the joint portions of the rails 6A and 6B by joint plate bolts 8a and connect the rails 6A and 6B. The joint plates 7A and 7B include a head portion 7a that opposes the upper neck (jaw portion) of the rail head portion 6a, a bottom portion 7b that opposes the upper portion of the rail bottom portion 6b, and an abdomen portion 7c that connects the head portion 7a and the bottom portion 7b. It has.

  The fastening member 8 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 is a member that fastens the joint plates 7A and 7B to both sides of the joint portion of the rails 6A and 6B. The fastening member 8 includes a seam plate bolt 8a and a nut 8b. The joint plate bolt 8a is a bolt for fastening the rails 6A, 6B and the joint plates 7A, 7B, and is formed at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the rails 6A, 6B and the joint plates 7A, 7B. It is inserted into the through hole. The nut 8b is a member attached to the joint plate bolt 8a, and has an internal thread portion that meshes with the external thread portion of the joint plate bolt 8a.

  The soundproof structure 9 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a structure that reduces noise generated by vibration of the rails 6A and 6B. The soundproof structure 9 includes the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the soundproofing material 10C shown in FIG. 4, the fixing members 11A and 11B shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, and the fixing shown in FIG. A member 11C and the like are provided. The soundproof structure 9 reduces rolling noise radiated from the rails 6A and 6B due to vibration generated when the vehicle passes on the rails 6A and 6B.

  The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are members that reduce noise by the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b that covers the surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a. As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the soundproofing materials 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B are detachably mounted on the sleeper 2 with a gap between the side surfaces of the rails 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B. The noise radiated from the rails 6A and 6B is reduced by the vibrations of. The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B function as a sound insulating plate that blocks noise from the rails 6A and 6B and also function as a sound absorbing plate that absorbs the noise. The soundproofing material 10A is disposed outside the rails 6A and 6B. The soundproof material 10B is disposed inside the rails 6A and 6B. As shown in FIG. 4, the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B have a predetermined gap between both side surfaces of the joint portions of the rails 6A and 6B and the inner side surfaces of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B, as shown in FIG. The rails 6A and 6B are arranged in parallel with the rails 6A and 6B along the length direction of the rails 6A and 6B. As shown in FIG. 5, the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are electrically insulated from the rails 6A and 6B and the rail fastening device 4, and are attached so as to straddle the joint portions of the rails 6A and 6B. It is also electrically insulated away from a rail bond (not shown) made of wires. The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are arranged within a range that does not exceed a building limit, which is a space secured on a track where a building or the like should not enter in order for a rail vehicle to travel safely. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the soundproofing material 10A is arranged so as to be the same height as the top surface 6d of the rail head portion 6a, and the soundproofing material 10B is slightly smaller than the top surface 6d of the rail head portion 6a. It is arranged so as to be low. The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are disposed at substantially the same length from the center of the rails 6A and 6B to the inside and outside, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the soundproofing materials 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B are members having a substantially L-shaped cross section when cut along a plane orthogonal to the length direction, The height, length, width, thickness, and the like are formed to the same dimensions so that they can be mounted on the side. As shown in FIG. 5, the sound insulating materials 10A and 10B include an inner sound absorbing material 10a, an outer sound absorbing material 10b, and the like, and a light inner sound absorbing material 10a is provided inside the heavy outer sound absorbing material 10b in order to reduce the overall weight. Filled. The soundproof materials 10A and 10B are formed with through holes through which the fastening bolts 11b of the fixing members 11A and 11B shown in FIG. 5 pass.

  The inner sound absorbing material 10a shown in FIG. 5 is a light weight sound absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The inner sound absorbing material 10a has a surface covered with an outer sound absorbing material 10b and is filled in the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The inner sound absorbing material 10a absorbs noise that passes through the outer sound absorbing material 10b without being completely absorbed by the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The inner sound-absorbing material 10a is a light-weight sound-absorbing material made of, for example, a high-performance inorganic fiber type, metal fiber type, organic foam type, or any combination thereof excellent in sound absorption. Examples of such inorganic fiber-based sound absorbing materials include glass wool, glass fiber, rock wool, and the like, and examples of metal fiber-based sound absorbing materials include aluminum fibers, stainless steel fibers, and iron-based alloy fibers. Examples of the material include rubber sponge, plastic foam, urethane, ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), chloroprene, polyurethane foam, foamed polystyrene, or a natural polymer porous body. As the inner sound-absorbing material 10a, a light-weight sound-absorbing material excellent in sound-absorbing performance that is formed by bonding inorganic fibers such as glass wool, glass fiber, or rock wool with a phenol resin or the like is particularly preferable.

  The outer sound absorbing material 10b shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is a porous sound absorbing material that is harder than the inner sound absorbing material 10a and has weather resistance and electrical insulation. The outer sound-absorbing material 10b is a heavier sound-absorbing material than the inner sound-absorbing material 10a, and has a hardness that does not break even when pebbles that have risen as the train travels or icing snow that falls from the train collides. It is a sound absorbing material. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outer sound absorbing material 10 b includes a vertical sound absorbing portion 10 c and a horizontal sound absorbing portion 10 d. The vertical sound absorbing portion 10c is a portion extending in the vertical direction so as to face the rail abdomen 6c and the abdomen 7c so as to form a space between the rail abdomen 6c and the abdomen 7c. The horizontal sound absorbing portion 10d is bent by 90 ° from the upper end of the vertical sound absorbing portion 10c so as to form a gap between the rail head portion 6a and the head portion 7a, and extends in the horizontal direction integrally with the vertical sound absorbing portion 10c. Part. The outer sound absorbing material 10b is an inorganic particle binding material formed by binding inorganic particles with a resin binder.

  Examples of the inorganic particles include pearlite, silica pulverized material, silica sand, limestone pulverized material, gravel, granulated material (shot) generated during the production of mineral fibers, ceramic pulverized material, glass pulverized material, or any combination thereof. Etc. If the average particle size is smaller than 0.5, the inorganic particles can only be obtained molded products having fine pores, unfavorable sound absorption properties, and because the water retention becomes large and the rain absorption is reduced, the sound absorption performance will deteriorate for a long time. Those having an average particle size of about 0.5 to 3 mm are preferred.

Examples of the resin binder include an organic binder containing a light-shielding inorganic pigment and a silane coupling agent. Such a resin binder is a resin binder such as an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a xylene resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or a reactive resin or a thermosetting resin made of any combination thereof. The silane coupling agent is a silane compound represented by the general formula R (SiOR ′) ₃ . Here, R in the formula is an organic group that reacts with the functional group of the resin binder to form a chemical bond, and represents, for example, an epoxy group, an amino group, a methacryl group, a vinyl group, a mercapto group, etc., and R ′ represents methyl Represents a lower alkyl group such as a group or an ethyl group. When a general resin binder made of epoxy resin or phenol resin is used, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropylmethylethoxysilane, β- (3, Those having an epoxy group or amino group as the organic group R such as 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, N-β (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. Examples of light-shielding inorganic pigments include bengara, titanium oxide, and chromium oxide. They exhibit a high degree of light-shielding properties when added in small amounts, have no harmful effect on the resin binder used, and have weather resistance. It ’s good.

  The blending ratio of the inorganic particle binder is 2 to 10 parts by weight of the resin binder, 0.02 to 0.2 parts by weight of the silane coupling agent, and 0.05 to 3 parts by weight of the inorganic pigment based on 100 parts by weight of the inorganic particles. Is preferred. In the inorganic particle binder, silanol generated by hydrolysis of the alkoxy group of the silane coupling agent in the resin binder reacts with silica, metal oxide, ceramics, etc. on the surface of the inorganic particle to generate chemical bonds, Epoxy groups, amino groups, methacryl groups and the like in the silane coupling agent react with the functional groups in the resin binder to form a bond. As a result, the inorganic particle binder has a strong bond because a bridge structure is formed by a silane coupling agent between the inorganic particles and the resin binder. Inorganic particle binders have a porosity of about 30-50% from the viewpoint of sound absorption performance because the porosity changes depending on the blending ratio of the resin binder and the degree of compression when filling the molding mold with inorganic particles. Molding conditions are selected and manufactured so that a body is obtained.

  The soundproofing material 10C shown in FIG. 4 is a member that reduces noise radiated from the gap between the soundproofing material 10A and the roadbed 3. The soundproofing material 10C is a lower skirt that is detachably attached to the outer side surface of the soundproofing material 10A so as to close the gap between the lower edge of the soundproofing material 10A and the upper surface of the roadbed 3. The soundproofing material 10C is, for example, a nitrile rubber (NBR) sheet that is soft, flexible, and electrically insulative so as to adhere along the unevenness of the surface of the ballast 3a. A through-hole through which the fixing member 11C shown in FIG. 4 passes is formed in the soundproofing material 10C.

  The fixing member 11A shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 is a member that removably fixes the soundproofing material 10A to the sleeper 2, and the fixing member 11B is a member that removably fixes the soundproofing material 10B to the sleeper 2. It is. As shown in FIG. 5, the fixing members 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B are separated from the rails 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B and the rail fastening device 4 so as to be electrically insulated from the rails 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B and the rail fastening device 4. Arranged outside. The fixing members 11A and 11B include a support member 11a, fastening bolts 11b and 11c, fastening nuts 11d and 11e, washers 11f and 11g, vibration isolators 11h and 11i, and the like. Although the material 11j is provided, the fixing member 11B does not include the vibration isolating material 11j.

  The support member 11a shown in FIG. 5 is a member that supports the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B. The support member 11a includes a joint 11k at one end and a joint 11m at the other end. The joint portion 11k is a portion to be joined to the outer sound absorbing material 10b of the soundproof materials 10A and 10B, and a through hole through which the fastening bolt 11b passes is formed in the joint portion 11k. The joint part 11m is a part joined to the vibration isolator 11i, and a through hole through which the fastening bolt 11c passes is formed in the joint part 11m. The support member 11a is disposed on the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b so as to sandwich the outer sound absorbing material 10b of the sound insulating materials 10A and 10B, respectively, and an angle such as an angle L made of a substantially L-shaped appearance. It is a material. The support member 11a is bent at a right angle with respect to the joints 11k and 11m on the side where the soundproofing material 10A is attached to the horizontal surface of the sleeper 2, but the joint 11k on the side where the soundproofing material 10B is attached to the inclined surface of the sleeper 2. , 11m are bent at an acute angle or an obtuse angle.

  The fastening bolt 11b is a member that fixes the joint portion 11k of the support member 11a, and the fastening bolt 11c is a member that fixes the joint portion 11m of the support member 11a. On the outer peripheral portion of the fastening bolt 11c, a male screw portion that meshes with a female screw portion of an embedded plug having electrical insulation embedded in the sleeper 2 is formed. The fastening nut 11d is a member that meshes with the fastening bolt 11b. The fastening nut 11d is attached to the fastening bolt 11b and presses the joint portion 11k of the support member 11a against the outer sound absorbing material 10b to fasten it. The fastening nut 11e is a member that meshes with the fastening bolt 11c. The fastening nut 11e is attached to the fastening bolt 11c and presses the joint 11m of the support member 11a against the sleeper 2 to fasten. The washer 11f is a member that is sandwiched between the fastening nut 11d and the joint 11k, and the washer 11g is a member that is sandwiched between the fastening nut 11e and the vibration isolator 11h. The anti-vibration materials 11h to 11j are members that reduce vibration propagating between the sound-insulating materials 10A and 10B and the sleeper 2, and the anti-vibration material 11h is sandwiched between the washer 11g and the joint 11m. The vibration isolator 11i is sandwiched between the joint portion 11m and the sleeper 2, and the vibration isolator 11j is sandwiched between the sound insulating material 10A and the sleeper 2. The anti-vibration materials 11h and 11i are flexible plate-like anti-vibration rubbers having electrical insulation properties, and through-holes through which the fastening bolts 11c pass are formed in these anti-vibration materials 11h and 11i. The vibration isolator 11j is a rubber foam or the like having electrical insulation, and is a gap filling material that fills the gap between the lower edge of the soundproofing material 10A and the upper surface of the sleeper 2.

  The fixing member 11C shown in FIG. 4 is a member that detachably fixes the soundproofing material 10C to the soundproofing material 10A. The fixing member 11C is attached to the outer side surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b of the soundproofing material 10A, and is a set screw or a bolt having a male screw portion that meshes with the female screw portion of the outer sound absorbing material 10b.

Next, a method for manufacturing a soundproof material according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a process diagram for explaining the method of manufacturing the soundproofing material according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The covering step # 100 shown in FIG. 6 is a step of covering the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material with a porous sound absorbing material, and includes a mixing step # 110, a filling step # 120, a curing step # 130, and the like. The mixing step # 110 is a step of mixing the inorganic particles and the resin binder. In the mixing step # 110, a resin binder to which a silane coupling agent and an inorganic pigment are added is prepared, and the resin binder and the inorganic particles are agitated and mixed to uniformly distribute the resin binder on the surface of the inorganic particles. Adhere. The filling step # 120 is a step of filling the inorganic particles to which the resin binder is attached around the lightweight sound-absorbing material in the molding die. In the filling step # 120, a light-weight sound absorbing material is placed in a molding die having the same inner shape as the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. The inorganic particles to which the agent is attached are filled between the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material and the inner surface of the molding die. Curing step # 130 is a step of curing the resin binder. In the curing step # 130, the molding die is heated according to the curing condition of the resin binder to cure the resin binder. In the curing step # 130, for example, when the resin binder is an epoxy resin, the epoxy resin is cured by holding at 80 ° C. for 12 hours or more, and the surface of the lightweight sound-absorbing material is covered with the inorganic particle binder.

Next, the operation of the soundproof structure for rails according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
When the wheel 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 passes over the rails 6A and 6B before and after the joint shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, noise is generated from the joint of the rails 6A and 6B, and the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B absorb this noise while blocking this noise. Since the outer sound-absorbing material 10b of the sound-insulating materials 10A and 10B is a porous sound-absorbing material, inside the outer sound-absorbing material 10b, gaps between the particles communicate with each other to form a porous pore structure. For this reason, when noise radiated to the outside from the rails 6A and 6B enters the pores of the outer sound absorbing material 10b, part of the vibration energy of the sound is heated by the air viscous resistance in the process of noise propagation in the outer sound absorbing material 10b. Loss as energy. Further, noise entering the inner sound absorbing material 10a from the outer sound absorbing material 10b is absorbed by the inner sound absorbing material 10a, and noise radiated to the outside from the rails 6A and 6B is absorbed and attenuated.

The soundproofing material, the manufacturing method thereof, and the soundproofing structure of the rail according to the first embodiment of the present invention have the effects described below.
(1) In the first embodiment, the inner sound-absorbing material 10a is a light-weight sound-absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound-absorbing material 10b, and the outer sound-absorbing material 10b is harder than the inner sound-absorbing material 10a and has a weather resistance and electrical insulation. It is a sound absorbing material. As a result, since the light inner sound absorbing material 10a is filled inside the heavy outer sound absorbing material 10b, the weight of the entire sound insulating material 10A, 10B is reduced, and it is easy to attach and detach to the sleeper 2 and handling is easy. Thus, workability can be improved. Further, even when pebbles rise as the vehicle travels and collide with the surfaces of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B, or when ice blocks attached to the vehicle fall and collide with the surfaces of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B, the outer sound absorption Since the material 10b is hard, the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B can be prevented from being damaged. Further, even if the natural environment such as the railway track is severe and the outdoor use conditions are met, the outer sound absorbing material 10b has weather resistance and electrical insulation, so that the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are used for a long time as the soundproofing material for the railway track. can do.

(2) In the first embodiment, the porous sound absorbing material of the outer sound absorbing material 10b is an inorganic particle binding material formed by binding inorganic particles with a resin binder. For this reason, the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B can be manufactured at low cost by using an inexpensive material such as silica sand as the main particle of the inorganic particle binder. Further, since the inorganic particle binder has good sound absorption performance in a wide frequency range and has excellent strength and weather resistance, noise radiated from the rails 6A and 6B to the outside can be reduced. Furthermore, since the outer sound-absorbing material 10b has weather resistance, most of the ultraviolet rays can be blocked to delay the deterioration of the resin binder, and the initial physical properties can be maintained over a long period of time.

(3) In the first embodiment, the inner sound absorbing material 10a is an inorganic fiber-based, metal fiber-based or organic foam-based sound absorbing material. For this reason, the inner sound absorbing material 10a becomes lighter than the outer sound absorbing material 10b, and the overall weight of the sound insulating materials 10A and 10B can be reduced. Further, noise entering the inner sound absorbing material 10a from the outer sound absorbing material 10b can be absorbed by the inner sound absorbing material 10a.

(4) In the first embodiment, the inner sound-absorbing material 10a is a light-weight sound-absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound-absorbing material 10b, and the outer sound-absorbing material 10b is harder than the inner sound-absorbing material 10a and has porous weather resistance and electrical insulation. It is a sound absorbing material, and includes a covering step # 100 for covering the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material with the porous sound absorbing material. For this reason, it is possible to easily manufacture the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B that are lightweight and easy to attach and detach. In addition, it is possible to omit a complicated and labor-intensive operation that penetrates the inside and reduces the weight as compared with a conventional ceramic-based sound absorbing material.

(5) The first embodiment includes a step of covering the surface of the light-weight sound absorbing material with an inorganic particle binder formed by binding inorganic particles with a resin binder. For this reason, it is possible to protect the lightweight sound absorbing material by covering the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material with a hard inorganic particle binder having excellent weather resistance, and by filling the lightweight sound absorbing material by removing the inorganic particle binding material The weight of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B can be reduced.

(6) In the first embodiment, the inorganic particles and the resin binder are mixed and filled around the light-weight sound absorbing material in the molding die, and the resin binder is cured and the light-weight is absorbed by the inorganic particle binder. A step of covering the surface of the sound absorbing material. For this reason, it is possible to easily manufacture the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B in a short time by molding the light-weight sound-absorbing material inside the inorganic particle binder using a molding die.

(7) This first embodiment includes a step of coating a lightweight sound absorbing material of inorganic fiber type, metal fiber type or organic foam type with a porous sound absorbing material. For this reason, the noise which approachs a lightweight sound-absorbing material from a porous sound-absorbing material can be absorbed by the lightweight sound-absorbing material excellent in sound-absorbing performance.

(8) In the first embodiment, the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B provide a gap between the side surfaces of the rails 6A and 6B to reduce noise. For this reason, noise can be confined in the space between the rails 6A, 6B and the soundproofing materials 10A, 10B, and the acoustic impedance of the sound radiated from the outer sound absorbing material 10b of the soundproofing materials 10A, 10B can be reduced. The radiated sound power of 6A and 6B itself can be reduced and the soundproofing effect can be improved. In addition, since a gap is formed between the side surfaces of the rails 6A and 6B and the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B, the state of the rails 6A and 6B can be easily confirmed visually from the gap.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a soundproof structure for a rail according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a side view seen from the direction VIII of FIG. FIG. 9 is a side view seen from the IX direction of FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state cut along line XX in FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state cut along line XI-XI in FIG. In the following, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 are detachably attached to the slab plate 12 unlike the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. The slab plate 12 is a support body (support body) that supports the rails 6A and 6B. The slab plate 12 is a track slab made of a precast concrete plate having a rectangular flat plate shape, and a slab track that is a kind of labor-saving track in which the road bed and the sleeper are integrated in order to reduce maintenance work of the roadbed track. In the section, it is installed between the roadbed concrete and the rails 6A and 6B.

  The fixing member 11A shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 is a member that detachably fixes the soundproofing material 10A to the slab plate 12, and the fixing member 11B is a member that detachably fixes the soundproofing material 10B to the slab plate 12. The fixing members 11A and 11B include a mounting member 11n shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, a fastening bolt 11p shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, a fastening nut 11q, a washer 11r, and a vibration isolator shown in FIGS. 11 s, and a vibration isolator 11 t shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 11. The attachment member 11n is a member that attaches the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B to the slab plate 12 in a detachable manner. As shown in FIG. 7, the attachment member 11 n is a plate-shaped steel plate whose planar shape is formed in a substantially L shape, and is sandwiched between the slab plate 12 and the vibration isolating material 11 i. The fastening bolt 11p shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 is a member for fixing the mounting member 11n to the slab plate 12, and a female screw portion of an unillustrated embedded plug embedded in the slab plate 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the fastening bolt 11p. A meshed male thread portion is formed. The fastening nut 11q is a member that meshes with the fastening bolt 11p, is attached to the fastening bolt 11p, and the washer 11r is a member that is sandwiched between the fastening nut 11q and the vibration isolator 11s. The vibration isolating materials 11s and 11t shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 11 are members that reduce the vibration that propagates between the sound insulating materials 10A and 10B and the slab plate 12. FIG. 8 and 9 is sandwiched between the washer 11r and the joint 11m. The anti-vibration material 11s is a flexible plate-like anti-vibration rubber having electrical insulation, and a through-hole through which the fastening bolt 11p passes is formed in the anti-vibration material 11s. The vibration isolator 11t shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 11 is a gap filling material that fills the gap between the lower edge portions of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B and the upper surface of the slab plate 12, and is an electrically insulating rubber. Such as foam.

  The rail fastening device 13 shown in FIGS. 7 and 10 is a device for fastening the rails 6A and 6B to the slab plate 12. FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the rail fastening device 13 includes a tie plate 13a, a fastening spring 13b, fastening bolts 13c and 13e, fastening nuts 13d and 13f, a track pad 13g, an adjustment packing 13h, and an adjustment steel plate 13i. And an insulating plate 13j, a washer 13k, a spring washer 13m, flat washers 13n and 13p, an insulating collar 13q, a cover plate 13r, and the like. The tie plate 13a is a member that is inserted between the rails 6A and 6B and the slab plate 12 to restrict the lateral movement of the rails 6A and 6B, and the fastening spring 13b is a bottom portion of the rail bottom portion 6b of the rails 6A and 6B. It is a member that presses and fastens the upper surface 6e. The fastening bolt 13c is a member that fastens the fastening spring 13b, and the fastening nut 13d is a member fastened to the fastening bolt 13c. The fastening bolt 13e is a member that meshes with the female screw portion of the embedding plug embedded in the slab plate 12, and fixes the tie plate 13a to the slab plate 12. The fastening nut 13f is a member fastened to the fastening bolt 13e. . The track pad 13g is an insulating elastic body inserted between the rails 6A, 6B and the slab plate 12, and the adjustment packing 13h is inserted between the rails 6A, 6B and the slab plate 12, and the rails 6A, 6B. It is a member which adjusts the up-and-down position. The adjustment steel plate 13i is a member that is inserted between the slab plate 12 and the tie plate 13a to adjust the vertical position of the rails 6A and 6B, and the insulating plate 13j is inserted between the slab plate 12 and the adjustment steel plate 13i. The washer 13k is a member that is sandwiched between the fastening spring 13b and the fastening nut 13d. The spring washer 13m is a member that prevents the fastening nut 13f from loosening, the flat washer 13n is a member that is sandwiched between the fastening nut 13f and the spring washer 13m, and the plain washer 13p is a spring washer 13m and an insulating collar 13q. It is a member inserted | pinched between. The insulating collar 13q is a member that electrically insulates the rails 6A, 6B and the slab plate 12, and is inserted between the flat washer 13p and the cover plate 13r. The cover plate 13r is insulated from the tie plate 13a. It is a member inserted between 13q. The rail fastening device 13 sandwiches a track pad 13g between the rail bottom 6b and the type rail 13a, fastens the rails 6A and 6B to the slab plate 12 by the fastening spring 13b, and vibrations generated when the railway vehicle passes. Absorbs. This second embodiment has the same effect as the first embodiment.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a soundproof material in a soundproof structure for rails according to a third embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a sleeper. FIG. 13: is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail based on 3rd Embodiment of this invention with the slab plate.
The soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 include a sound insulating material 10e, and the sound insulating material 10e is a member that blocks noise radiated to the outside from the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The sound insulating material 10e is joined to the surface opposite to the surface (vertical sound absorbing portion 10c) of the outer sound absorbing material 10b on the side facing the sound source (side closer to the sound source) (the side far from the sound source). The sound insulating material 10e covers the surface (back surface) of the outer sound absorbing material 10b on the opposite side (the side far from the rail 6) from the surface (front surface) of the outer sound absorbing material 10b on the side facing the side surface of the rail 6. The outer sound absorbing material 10b is formed to have substantially the same size as the back surface, and is attached to the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The sound insulating material 10e is formed at the same height as the outer sound absorbing material 10b so that the upper edge of the sound insulating material 10e coincides with the horizontal sound absorbing portion 10d of the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The sound insulating material 10e is a synthetic resin-based or rubber-based sound insulating material, and is an opaque, transparent, or translucent hard resin or hard rubber sound insulating plate having sound insulating properties and electrical insulating properties. As such a sound insulating plate, for example, a hard resin plate such as acrylic, polycarbonate, nylon, polyester, epoxy, polyethylene, or polystyrene, or a hard rubber plate such as styrene butadiene rubber or ebonite is preferable. When the thickness of the sound insulating material 10e is less than 2 mm, the sound insulating performance is degraded. When the thickness exceeds 10 mm, the sound insulating material 10e is restricted when laid on a track. Therefore, the thickness is preferably about 2 to 10 mm. The sound insulating material 10e preferably has a Young's modulus of 50 MPa or more, which is twice or more that of ordinary rubber at room temperature, for example. When the sound insulating material 10e is attached and fixed to the back surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b with an adhesive or the like, an adhesive layer is formed between the sound insulating material 10e and the outer sound absorbing material 10b. This adhesive layer includes reactive adhesives such as epoxy resin, cyanoacrylate, acrylic resin and urethane resin, emulsion adhesives such as vinyl acetate resin adhesive and modified acrylic resin, chloroprene and silicon. It is preferable to use a hot-melt adhesive such as a synthetic rubber type adhesive such as an elastomer, an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) type, or the like.

Next explained is a method for manufacturing a soundproofing material according to the third embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 14 is a process diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a soundproofing material according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the following, the same steps as those shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The covering process # 100 shown in FIG. 14 includes a process of covering the outer sound absorbing material 10b with the sound insulating material 10e shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, and includes a joining process # 140 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the joining step # 140 is a step of joining the sound insulating material 10e to the surface (back surface) opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b facing the sound source. In the joining step # 140, an adhesive is applied to the back surface of the inorganic particle binder after the curing step # 130, and the back surface of the inorganic particle binder and one surface of the sound insulating material 10e are joined with the adhesive to bond the inorganic particles. The sound insulating material 10e is laminated on the material.

In addition to the effects of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the soundproof material, the manufacturing method thereof, and the soundproof structure of the rail according to the third embodiment of the present invention have the effects described below.
(1) In the third embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e blocks noise radiated from the outer sound absorbing material 10b to the outside. In the third embodiment, the covering step # 100 includes a step of covering the surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b with a sound insulating material 10e that blocks noise radiated from the outer sound absorbing material 10b to the outside. For this reason, the noise which is not absorbed by the outer sound absorbing material 10b and is radiated to the outside from the outer sound absorbing material 10b is blocked by the sound insulating material 10e, and the sound insulating performance of the sound insulating materials 10A and 10B can be further improved.

(2) In the third embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e is joined to the surface opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b on the side facing the sound source. Moreover, in this 3rd Embodiment, the process of joining the sound-insulating material 10e to the surface on the opposite side to the surface of the outer side sound-absorbing material 10b on the side facing a sound source is included. Therefore, the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation materials 10A and 10B can be further improved by simply mounting the sound insulation material 10e on the outer sound absorption material 10b. Further, since the sound insulating material 10e is not joined to the sound absorbing material upper surface 10d of the outer sound absorbing material 10b, noise radiated from the gap between the sound insulating material 10A and the rails 6A and 6B toward the high space along the line is generated. It can be absorbed by the sound absorbing material upper surface 10d.

(3) In the third embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e is a synthetic resin-based or rubber-based sound insulating material. In addition, the third embodiment includes a step of covering the outer sound absorbing material 10b with a synthetic resin-based or rubber-based sound insulating material 10e. For this reason, the noise radiated to the outside from the outer sound absorbing material 10b can be easily blocked by the sound insulating material 10e having an inexpensive and simple structure.

(4) In the third embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e covers the surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b on the side facing the side surfaces of the rails 6A and 6B. For this reason, the noise radiated to the outside from the rails 6A and 6B can be further reduced.

(5) In the third embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e is the same height as the outer sound absorbing material 10b. For this reason, noise can be reduced by blocking the noise radiated from the surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b to the outside by the sound insulating material 10e over a wide range.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 15: is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the sleeper with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail based on 4th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 16: is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention to the slab plate.
The building limit L shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 is a limit on the track that limits the construction of the structure, and is a space secured on the track on which buildings or the like must not enter so that the railway vehicle can travel safely. It is. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the sound insulating material 10A differs from the sound insulating material 10A shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 in that the sound insulating material 10e is within the range of the building limit L and is about 20 mm at the maximum than the outer sound absorbing material 10b. Highly formed. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, in the sound insulating material 10B, the sound insulating material 10e is formed at the same height as the outer sound absorbing material 10b in the same manner as the sound insulating material 10B shown in FIGS.

In addition to the effects of the third embodiment, the soundproof material, the manufacturing method thereof, and the soundproof structure of the rail according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention have the following effects.
In the fourth embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e is higher than the outer sound absorbing material 10b within the construction limit L. Therefore, the noise radiated from the gap between the soundproofing material 10A and the rails 6A and 6B toward the high space along the line is blocked by the sound insulating material 10e protruding from the sound absorbing material upper surface 10d of the outer sound absorbing material 10b. It is possible to further reduce the noise in the high space.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 17: is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore the sleeper with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail based on 5th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 18: is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which mounted | wore with the soundproof material in the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention to the slab plate.
The sound insulating material 10e shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is a member that blocks noise transmitted from the inner sound absorbing material 10a to the outer sound absorbing material 10b. The sound insulating material 10e is joined to the back surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a so as to cover the surface (back surface) on the opposite side (the far side from the sound source) to the surface (front surface) of the inner sound absorbing material 10b on the side close to the sound source. Yes. In order to prevent rainwater from entering the inner sound absorbing material 10b from the outer sound absorbing material 10b, the sound insulating material 10e is joined to the back surface and the upper surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a so as to cover the upper surface as well as the back surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a. ing. The sound insulating material 10e is a thin plate-like member that is formed in substantially the same size as the back surface and the upper surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a, and has a substantially L-shaped cross section when cut along a plane orthogonal to the length direction. . The sound insulating material 10e is embedded between the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b, and is formed integrally with the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b. When the sound insulating material 10e is attached and fixed to the back and top surfaces of the inner sound absorbing material 10a with an adhesive or the like, an adhesive layer is formed between the sound insulating material 10e and the inner sound absorbing material 10a.

Next explained is a method for manufacturing a soundproofing material according to the fourth embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 19 is a process diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing a soundproofing material according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The covering step # 100 shown in FIG. 19 includes a step of covering the inner sound absorbing material 10a with the sound insulating material 10e shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, and includes an embedding step # 150 as shown in FIG. The embedding process # 150 is a process of embedding the sound insulating material 10e between the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b as shown in FIGS. In the embedding step # 140, an adhesive is applied to the back and top surfaces of the light-weight sound absorbing material, and the back and top surfaces of the light-weight sound absorbing material and one surface of the sound insulating material 10e are joined by an adhesive, and the sound-insulating material 10e is bonded to the light-weight sound absorbing material. Are laminated. In the filling step # 120, the light insulating material 10e is bonded to the inner surface of the molding die in the molding die having the same inner shape as the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B shown in FIGS. A sound absorbing material is arranged, and the inorganic particles to which the resin binder is attached are filled between the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material and the surface of the sound insulating material 10e and the inner surface of the molding die. In the curing step # 130, for example, when the resin binder is an epoxy resin, the epoxy resin is cured by holding at 80 ° C. for 12 hours or more, and the surface of the light-weight sound absorbing material and the surface of the sound insulating material 10e are made of the inorganic particle binder. The sound insulating material 10e is embedded between the lightweight sound absorbing material and the inorganic particle binder.

In addition to the effects of the first to third embodiments, the soundproof material, the manufacturing method thereof, and the rail soundproof structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention have the effects described below.
(1) In the fourth embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e blocks noise transmitted from the inner sound absorbing material 10a to the outer sound absorbing material 10b. In the fourth embodiment, the covering step # 100 includes a step of covering the surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a with a sound insulating material 10e that blocks noise transmitted from the inner sound absorbing material 10a to the outer sound absorbing material 10b. For this reason, the noise which is not absorbed by the inner sound absorbing material 10a but goes from the inner sound absorbing material 10a to the outer sound absorbing material 10b is blocked by the sound insulating material 10e, and the noise radiated to the outside from the outer sound absorbing material 10b can be reduced.

(2) In the fourth embodiment, the sound insulating material 10e is embedded between the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b. Further, the fourth embodiment includes a step of embedding the sound insulating material 10e between the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b. For this reason, by embedding the sound insulating material 10e between the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b by a simple process, the sound insulating performance of the sound insulating materials 10A and 10B can be further improved.

(3) In this embodiment, the inner sound absorbing material 10a and the outer sound absorbing material 10b are arranged so that the sound insulating material 10e covers the surface opposite to the surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a near the rails 6A and 6B. The sound insulating material 10e is embedded in between. For this reason, the noise radiated to the outside from the rails 6A and 6B can be further reduced.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
(Test results on sound absorption performance)
In order to reduce the radiated sound from the rail, it is considered effective to arrange a sound absorbing material on the rail side and to arrange a sound insulating material outside the sound absorbing material. Therefore, the inner layer is equipped with an electrically insulating inorganic particle binder, and the outer layer is made of an electrically insulating polymer material (thickness: 3 mm, material: acrylic, color: white, trade name: Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) A soundproofing material according to an example provided with SUMIPEX (product number: E064) manufactured by the company was manufactured as a prototype. The inorganic particle binder of the inner layer is a porous material in which silica sand is bonded with a small amount (about 4 mass% of the total) of epoxy resin, and has been confirmed to have sound absorption performance. High strength and high durability silica sand is used as the main material, and high strength epoxy resin is used as the polymer material for the binding material. Therefore, inorganic particle binding materials have high strength and durability among sound absorbing materials. It is expected to have sex. Moreover, in an Example, as shown in FIG.5, FIG.11, FIG.12, FIG.13 and FIGS. 15-18, in order to weight reduction and the improvement of a sound absorption performance, as shown in FIG. Glass wool, which is a material, was placed.

FIG. 20 is a graph showing a change in sound absorption coefficient of the soundproofing material according to the example and the comparative example of the present invention.
The vertical axis shown in FIG. 20 is the normal incident sound absorption coefficient, and the horizontal axis is the frequency (Hz). Here, it has been confirmed from past test results that the maximum value of the sound absorption coefficient is around 1 kHz, which is a high frequency component of rolling noise, when the thickness is 50 mm. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, a total thickness of 50 mm is obtained by inserting glass wool having a thickness of 25 mm between two inorganic particle binders having a thickness of 12.5 mm and combining the inorganic particle binder and glass wool. Soundproofing material. The comparative example is a soundproof material made only of an inorganic particle binder having a thickness of 50 mm. Since the soundproof material according to the example has glass wool disposed therein, the weight is reduced by about 35% compared to the soundproof material according to the comparative example. The graph shown in FIG. 20 shows that a standing wave is generated by a speaker in a cylinder having an inner diameter of about 90 mm and a length of about 1 m, and the soundproofing material according to the example and the comparative example is vertical by the two transfer function method (2 micro method). It is a measurement result when measuring an incident sound absorption coefficient. As shown in FIG. 20, the soundproofing material according to the comparative example has a maximum value of the sound absorption coefficient near 1 kHz, but the sound absorbing material according to the example has a higher sound absorption coefficient in the entire peripheral band than the comparative example. In particular, it was confirmed that the sound absorption rate is high and the sound absorption performance is improved on the low frequency side of 1 kHz or less. In addition, it has been confirmed that the soundproofing material according to the example has a load resistance of 2 kN or more, and has a strength that does not break even if a maintenance worker frequently rides the soundproofing material according to the example with a tool. It was confirmed. Furthermore, the sound insulation material according to the example was experimentally laid on the rail joint of the test slab track in the Hino Civil Engineering Laboratory of the Railway Technical Research Institute, and the electrical insulation performance was measured using an analog insulation resistance meter. . As a result, the soundproofing material according to the example maintains the electrical insulation performance in a normal state, and moisture on the surface of the soundproofing material quickly flows out even after sprinkling, and the electrical insulation performance is exhibited even in this state. It was confirmed that there was no problem in electrical insulation.

(Test results on impact excitation)
The soundproofing material according to the example was installed at the rail joint portion of the test slab track in the Hino Civil Engineering Laboratory, and an impact vibration test was performed using an impulse hammer. When the soundproofing material according to the example is not installed (hereinafter referred to as current rail) and when the soundproofing material according to the example is installed (hereinafter referred to as soundproofing material installation), an impulse hammer (manufactured by Lion Co., Ltd., model: PH61) The noise near the rail when the rail was vibrated was measured. The measurement target was vibration acceleration and radiated sound on the outside of the rail (outer rail side rail), the excitation point was the rail top surface near the center near the joint on the outside of the rail, and the excitation direction was the vertical direction. Upon impact excitation, the excitation force was measured with an impulse hammer, the vibration acceleration was measured with a piezoelectric pickup (manufactured by Rion, model: PV94), and the radiated sound was measured with a normal sound level meter (model, NL04). The measurement points for vibration acceleration were the bottom of the rail just below the excitation point (hereinafter referred to as vibration acceleration measurement point V1) and the center position of the sound insulation board (outer layer) when the soundproofing material was installed (hereinafter referred to as vibration acceleration measurement point V2). . The radiated sound was measured at two points with different heights at the center position of the joint in the longitudinal direction of the rail and at a position 2 m away from the center of the track in the perpendicular direction. The heights of the two points were about 0.45 m above the rail level (hereinafter referred to as radiated sound measurement point S1) and the rail level (hereinafter referred to as radiated sound measurement point S2). These measurement point positions correspond to standard measurement point positions in the conventional measurement of noise along railway lines. Excitation force, vibration acceleration, and radiated sound were all collected and analyzed with a frequency weighting characteristic FLAT and a time constant FAST using a multi-channel analyzer (manufactured by Rion Co., Ltd., model: SA01). The vibration acceleration was obtained by recording a time waveform, performing time differentiation and frequency analysis, and normalizing with an excitation force to obtain a frequency response function (Frequency Response Function (FRF)) of vibration speed. For the radiated sound, the time waveform of the radiated sound pressure was recorded and analyzed for frequency, and further normalized by the excitation force to obtain the FRF. The analysis frequency region of FRF was 100 Hz to 10 kHz for both vibration velocity and radiated sound, and the band sum value (AP) value in this range was obtained. The FRF results for both vibration speed and radiated sound were calculated in dB, but the reference (0 dB) was set to vibration speed: 1 (m / s) / N, radiated sound: 2 ra 10 ^-5 Pa / N . The impact vibration test was conducted for the purpose of obtaining an appropriate structure in the balance between maintenance and acoustic performance, and the effects of radiated sound due to the gap between the rail and the soundproofing material, the effect of the presence or absence of soundproofing material inside the rail, and In order to study the simplification of the structure, the test conditions shown in Table 1 below were used. Here, the inner track side shown in Table 1 is a case where a soundproof material is installed inside the rail, and the outer track side is a case where a soundproof material is installed outside the rail.

FIG. 21 is a graph showing time waveforms of vibration acceleration when the soundproof material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed. FIG. 22 is a graph showing the FRP results of the vibration speed when the soundproof material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed. Regarding the FRP test results, the arithmetic average value was obtained when the current rail and soundproof material were installed 10 times.
The vertical axis shown in FIG. 21 is vibration acceleration / excitation force ((m / s ² ) / N), and the horizontal axis is time (ms). The vertical axis shown in FIG. 22 is the vibration velocity FRP (dB), and the horizontal axis is the frequency (Hz). The current rails shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 are the test results when no soundproofing material is installed, and the soundproofing material installation (V1) is the test result at the vibration acceleration measurement point V1 of test No. 1 shown in Table 1. Yes, the installation of soundproof material (V2) is the test result at the vibration acceleration measurement point V2 of test No. 1 shown in Table 1. The time waveform shown in FIG. 21 is a value obtained by normalizing the vibration acceleration with the maximum value of the excitation force. From the test results, when comparing the vibration acceleration at the vibration acceleration measurement point V1 of test No. 1 with the current rail, the difference between the time waveform and FRF before and after the installation of the soundproof material is small, and the rail vibration due to the installation of the soundproof material The effect of was confirmed to be small. On the other hand, the vibration at the vibration acceleration measurement point V2 of the sound insulation board (outer layer) when the soundproof material is installed is the structure where the soundproof material is supported by vibration isolation rubber on the track slab via vibration isolation rubber. Compared to, both time waveform and FRF were found to be significantly smaller. From this result, it was confirmed that the soundproofing material itself is small in vibration even when the rail vibrates, and the influence of the radiated sound from the rail itself is negligibly small.

FIG. 23 is a graph showing time waveforms of radiated sound when the soundproofing material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed. FIG. 24 is a graph showing FRP results of radiated sound when the soundproofing material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed.
The vertical axis | shaft shown in FIG. 23 is a radiation sound pressure / excitation force (Pa / N), and a horizontal axis is time (ms). The vertical axis shown in FIG. 24 is the FRP (dB) of the radiated sound pressure, and the horizontal axis is the frequency (Hz). The current rail shown in FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 is a test result when no soundproofing material is installed. After the soundproofing material is installed, it is a test result of test No. 1 shown in Table 1, and the time waveform shown in FIG. Is a value obtained by normalizing the radiated sound pressure with the maximum value of the excitation force. As shown in FIG. 7, it was confirmed that the radiation sound measurement point S1 was reduced immediately after the vibration by installing the soundproofing material. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, it was confirmed that the reduced frequency range of the radiated sound was about 1 kHz or more by installing the soundproofing material. As a result, it was confirmed that the soundproofing material has a reduction effect mainly in the high frequency range against the radiated sound generated when the rail is subjected to impact vibration.

FIG. 25 is a graph showing radiated sound level values when the soundproofing material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed.
The vertical axis shown in FIG. 25 is the AP value (dB) of the radiated sound level, and the horizontal axis is the test number shown in Table 1. As shown in FIG. 25, for each of the radiated sound measurement point S1 and the radiated sound measurement point S2, the AP value of the radiated sound level of the current rail is compared with the AP value of the radiated sound level of each test No. Then, the reduction effect of the radiation sound by having installed the soundproofing material was confirmed. At the same time, comparing the radiated sound reduction amount at the radiated sound measurement point S1 and the radiated sound reduction amount at the radiated sound measurement point S2, the radiated sound reduction amount is larger at the radiated sound measurement point S1 and the soundproofing material. It was confirmed that the effect of was higher at the lower receiving point. As a result, it was predicted that the radiated sound from the rail leaked from the gap between the rail and the soundproof material, and the amount of leakage increased in the acoustic propagation path at the upper sound receiving point, and the noise reduction amount decreased. As for the effect of the gap between the rail and the soundproofing material, when the gap is 100 mm and 150 mm, the amount of radiated sound reduction is larger when the gap is 100 mm, and the radiated sound reduction effect is more improved when the gap is narrower. confirmed. Table 2 below shows the results of the impact excitation test with and without a sound insulating plate made of a polymer material.

  As shown in Table 2, in the case of the radiated sound measurement point S2, when comparing the AP value of the radiated sound level of the current rail, the soundproof material without the sound insulation plate and the soundproof material with the sound insulation plate, the sound insulation material with the sound insulation material The amount of radiation emission reduction was larger, and it was confirmed that the radiation noise was reduced by having a sound insulating material.

(Motor car driving test results)
In order to confirm the noise reduction effect of the soundproofing material at the rail joint during vehicle running, a motor car running test was conducted at the rail joint of the test ballast track in the Hino Civil Engineering Laboratory. In the motor car running track of the Hino Civil Engineering Laboratory, there was no suitable joint on the track slab, so a soundproof material was installed on the ballast track and compared with the noise generated when no soundproof material was installed. The soundproofing material used in the test is different in fixing method from that for the slab track, but the material and structure are almost the same as those for the slab track. The noise measurement point was set at the same position as the radiation sound measurement point S2 near the rail in the impact vibration test, and the noise was measured with the frequency weighting characteristic A and the time constant FAST using an ordinary sound level meter. For the measurement results, the level peak value (full band value) during driving is obtained using a multi-channel analyzer (manufactured by Lion Co., Ltd., model: SA01), and 1/3 octave in the peak value range from 20 Hz to 10 kHz. Band analysis was performed. In order to reduce the influence of the sound from the motor car equipment as much as possible, the driving test is performed in a driving state where the motor is not accelerating (coaching), and the motor car is installed at the rail joint in the range of 20 to 40 km / h. It was carried out by coasting at a constant speed.

FIG. 26 is a graph showing the traveling speed dependence of the noise level peak value when the soundproofing material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed.
The vertical axis shown in FIG. 26 is the noise level (dB), and the horizontal axis is the motor car speed (m / s). The graph shown in FIG. 26 is the test result of test No. 1 shown in Table 1. As a result, it was confirmed that the noise reduction amount of the soundproofing material has a speed dependency, and the noise reducing effect of the soundproofing material is about 1.5 dB at a speed of 40 km / h. In addition, the noise reduction effect of the soundproofing material was predicted to exceed 1.5 dB in the speed range of the business line exceeding 40 km / h.

FIG. 27 is a graph showing 1/3 octave band analysis at a speed of 40 km / h when the soundproofing material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed.
The vertical axis shown in FIG. 27 is the noise level (dB), and the horizontal axis is the 1/3 octave band center frequency (Hz). As shown in FIG. 27, the noise has two peaks, around 250 Hz and around 500 Hz to 1 kHz, both when the soundproofing material is installed and when the soundproofing material is not installed. Here, from the past measurement examples, it was confirmed that the peak near 500 Hz to 1 kHz contributed greatly to the radiated sound from the rail, and the peak near 250 Hz contributed greatly to the radiated sound from parts other than the rail such as sleepers. Has been. For this reason, the noise level can be reduced by about 2.5 dB with soundproofing material from the rails in the vicinity of 500 Hz to 1 kHz, and the noise reduction effect by the soundproofing material was confirmed. From the 1/3 octave band analysis results, it was confirmed that the peak near 250 Hz was large when the running speed was low, and that the peak size near 500 Hz to 1 kHz increased as the speed increased. For this reason, it was estimated that the contribution of the radiated sound from the rail increases as the speed increases. As a result, it was confirmed that the noise reduction effect of the soundproofing material has a speed dependency, and the motor vehicle traveling speed (up to about 40km / h) and the operating line traveling speed (80-130km when considering the big city commuting line) / h), it was confirmed that a practical noise reduction effect was exhibited in the speed range of the business line.

FIG. 28 is a graph showing noise level values when the soundproofing material according to the embodiment of the present invention is installed and when it is not installed.
The vertical axis shown in FIG. 28 is the noise level (dB), and the horizontal axis is the test number shown in Table 1. The graph shown in FIG. 28 is a power average of noise level measurements at 40 km / h. As a result, when the soundproofing material was installed, the noise level was lower than when the soundproofing material was not installed, and the noise reduction effect by the soundproofing material was confirmed.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications or changes can be made as described below, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.
(1) In this embodiment, the description has been given by taking the roadbed track constituted by the ballast 3a as an example. However, the present invention can also be applied to a track laid on a bridge. In this embodiment, the case where the seam structure 5 is a normal seam has been described as an example, but the present invention can be applied to a seam structure other than the normal seam. For example, an insulating material is sandwiched between both sides of the seam portion and the seam plate to electrically insulate and connect the seam portion, and the seam plate is bonded to both sides of the seam portion with an insulating adhesive. The present invention can also be applied to an adhesive insulation seam that electrically insulates and connects the seam portions, or an expansion seam that connects the seam portions in a stretchable manner.

(2) In this embodiment, the case where the support is the sleeper 2 or the slab plate 12 has been described as an example. However, the present invention can be applied to other supports. For example, the present invention can also be applied to a support such as a ladder-shaped ladder sleeper in which longitudinal beams of a prestressed concrete structure (PRC structure) supporting the rails 6A and 6B are connected by a steel pipe joint. it can. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are disposed with a gap between the side surfaces of the joint portions of the rails 6A and 6B has been described as an example, but the rails 6A and 6B other than the joint portions are described. The present invention can also be applied to the case where the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are disposed with a gap between the side surfaces of the soundproofing materials.

(3) In this embodiment, the case where the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are arranged apart from the rail fastening devices 4 and 13 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to such an arrangement. For example, a part of the outer sound absorbing material 10b of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B is notched so as not to interfere with the rail fastening devices 4 and 13, or the outer sound absorbing material 10b is covered with an electrically insulating polymer material, The sound insulating materials 10A and 10B can be arranged close to the rail fastening devices 4 and 13. In this embodiment, the case where one piece of each of the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B is arranged inside and outside of the rails 6A and 6B has been described as an example, but the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are divided into a plurality of pieces. Each of them can be connected and separated by a fastening member such as a bolt. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the case where the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are fixed to the sleeper 2 or the slab plate 12 by the fixing members 11A and 11B has been described as an example, but the soundproofing materials 10A and 10B are used as the sleeper 2. Alternatively, it can be fixed by adhering to the surface of the slab plate 12.

(4) In the first embodiment, the case where the rail fastening device 4 is a Nabla type fastening device has been described as an example. However, the present invention is also applied to a normal rail fastening device using a fastening spring or the like. Can do. In the first embodiment, the case where the gap between the lower edge portion of the soundproofing material 10A and the upper surface of the roadbed 3 is blocked by the soundproofing material 10C has been described as an example. However, the gap between them is ballast 3a. Therefore, the soundproofing material 10C can be omitted. Further, in the second embodiment, the case where the rail fastening device 13 is a tie plate type rail fastening device has been described as an example, but the rails 6A and 6B are attached to the slab plate 12 without using the tie plate 13a. The present invention can also be applied to a directly-coupled rail fastening device for fastening.

(5) In the third and fourth embodiments, the case where the back surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b is covered with the sound insulating material 10e has been described as an example. However, at least a part of the outer sound absorbing material 10b is covered with the sound insulating material 10e. Can also be coated. For example, a part of the back surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b can be covered with the sound insulating material 10e, or the whole or a part of the upper surface of the outer sound absorbing material 10b can be covered with the sound insulating material 10e. In the fifth embodiment, the case where the back surface and the top surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a are covered with the sound insulating material 10e has been described as an example. However, at least a part of the inner sound absorbing material 10a is covered with the sound insulating material 10e. You can also. For example, all or part of the back surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a may be covered with the sound insulating material 10e, or all or part of the upper surface of the inner sound absorbing material 10a may be covered with the sound insulating material 10e.

1 wheel 2 sleeper 3 road bed 4 rail fastening device 5 joint structure 6A, 6B rail 6a rail head 6b rail bottom 6c rail abdomen 7A, 7B joint plate 8 fastening member 9 soundproof structure 10A, 10B, 10C soundproofing material 10a inner sound absorbing material 10b Outer sound absorbing material 10e Sound insulating material 11A, 11B, 11C Fixing member 11a Support member 11b, 11c Fastening bolt 11d, 11e Fastening nut 11f, 11g Washer 11h, 11i, 11j Anti-vibration material 11k, 11m Joint 11n Mounting member 11p Fastening bolt 11q Fastening nut 11r Washer 11s, 11t Anti-vibration material 12 Slab plate 13 Rail fastening device

Claims (22)

A soundproofing material that reduces noise by an inner sound absorbing material and an outer sound absorbing material that covers the surface of the inner sound absorbing material,
The inner sound absorbing material is a lightweight sound absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound absorbing material,
The outer sound absorbing material is a porous sound absorbing material that is harder than the inner sound absorbing material and has weather resistance and electrical insulation,
Soundproofing material characterized by The soundproof material according to claim 1,
The porous sound absorbing material is an inorganic particle binder formed by bonding inorganic particles with a resin binder;
Soundproofing material characterized by In the soundproof material according to claim 1 or 2,
The inner sound absorbing material is an inorganic fiber-based, metal fiber-based or organic foam-based sound absorbing material,
Soundproofing material characterized by In the soundproof material according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Including a sound insulating material that blocks noise radiated to the outside from the outer sound absorbing material,
Soundproofing material characterized by The soundproof material according to claim 4,
The sound insulating material is bonded to a surface opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side facing the sound source;
Soundproofing material characterized by In the soundproof material according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Including a sound insulating material that blocks noise transmitted from the inner sound absorbing material to the outer sound absorbing material;
Soundproofing material characterized by The soundproof material according to claim 6,
The sound insulating material is embedded between the inner sound absorbing material and the outer sound absorbing material;
Soundproofing material characterized by In the soundproof material according to any one of claims 4 to 7,
The sound insulating material is a synthetic resin-based or rubber-based sound insulating material;
Soundproofing material characterized by A method for producing a soundproof material that reduces noise by an inner sound absorbing material and an outer sound absorbing material that covers the surface of the inner sound absorbing material,
The inner sound absorbing material is a lightweight sound absorbing material that is lighter than the outer sound absorbing material,
The outer sound absorbing material is a porous sound absorbing material that is harder than the inner sound absorbing material and has weather resistance and electrical insulation,
Including a coating step of covering the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material with the porous sound absorbing material;
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to claim 9,
The covering step includes a step of covering the surface of the lightweight sound absorbing material with an inorganic particle binder formed by binding inorganic particles with a resin binder,
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to claim 10,
In the covering step, the inorganic particles and the resin binder are mixed and filled around the lightweight sound absorbing material in a mold, and the resin binder is cured and the lightweight sound absorbing material is absorbed by the inorganic particle binding material. Including the step of coating the surface of the material;
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to any one of claims 9 to 11,
The coating step includes a step of coating a lightweight sound absorbing material of inorganic fiber type, metal fiber type or organic foam type with the porous sound absorbing material,
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to any one of claims 9 to 12,
The covering step includes a step of covering the surface of the outer sound absorbing material with a sound insulating material that blocks noise radiated to the outside from the outer sound absorbing material,
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to claim 13,
The covering step includes a step of bonding the sound insulating material to a surface opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side facing the sound source;
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to any one of claims 9 to 12,
The covering step includes a step of covering a surface of the inner sound absorbing material with a sound insulating material that blocks noise transmitted from the inner sound absorbing material to the outer sound absorbing material;
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to claim 15,
The covering step includes a step of embedding the sound insulating material between the inner sound absorbing material and the outer sound absorbing material;
A method of covering a soundproofing material characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the soundproof material according to any one of claims 13 to 16,
The covering step includes a step of covering the outer sound absorbing material with a synthetic resin-based or rubber-based sound insulating material;
A method for producing a soundproofing material characterized by the above. A soundproof structure for the rail that reduces the noise generated by the vibration of the rail,
A soundproof material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
The soundproof material reduces the noise by opening a gap between the rail and the side surface of the rail;
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by. The soundproof structure for a rail according to claim 18,
A sound insulating material according to any one of claims 4 to 6, comprising:
The sound insulating material covers the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side opposite to the surface of the outer sound absorbing material on the side facing the side surface of the rail;
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by. The soundproof structure for a rail according to claim 19,
The sound insulating material is at the same height as the outer sound absorbing material;
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by. The soundproof structure for a rail according to claim 19,
The sound insulating material is higher than the outer sound absorbing material within a range of a building limit that is a limit on a track that limits construction of a structure;
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by. The soundproof structure for a rail according to claim 18,
The sound insulating material according to claim 7 or claim 8,
The sound insulating material is embedded between the inner sound absorbing material and the outer sound absorbing material so as to cover the surface opposite to the surface of the inner sound absorbing material on the side close to the rail;
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by.